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/wiki/Oliver_Ames_(governor)#P39#0
|
What position did Oliver Ames (governor) take between Apr 1885 and May 1885?
|
Oliver Ames ( governor ) Oliver Ames ( February 4 , 1831 – October 22 , 1895 ) was an American businessman , investor , philanthropist , and Republican politician who served as the 35th Governor of Massachusetts from 1887 to 1890 . Amess public life was primarily devoted to the vindication of his late father Oakes Ames , a businessman and U.S . Representative who was censured for his role the 1873 Credit Mobilier scandal and died shortly thereafter . His tenure in office was also marked by a divide within the state over the growing temperance movement . Ames was executor of his fathers estate , and took over many of his business interests . He was a major philanthropist , especially in his hometown of Easton , where he secured construction of a number of architecturally significant works by the architect H.H . Richardson and a number of properties by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted . Early life and education . Oliver Ames was born in Easton , Massachusetts on February 4 , 1831 to Eveline Orville ( née Gilmore ) and Oakes Ames . His father was the owner ( with his father and brother , each also named Oliver ) of Ames Shovel Shop , the largest manufacturer of shovels in the United States . Ames was educated in the local schools , and then attended private academies in North Attleborough and Leicester . He was briefly employed at the family factory before enrolling at Brown University in 1851 . He spent three years there in a custom-designed program overseen by university president Francis Wayland . Business career . After leaving Brown , Ames entered the family business , learning all aspects of its manufacturing processes and worked as a traveling salesman . Ames served in the Massachusetts militia , rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel , but resigned before the American Civil War began . During the war , he oversaw the companys manufacturing department , expanding the business and making the manufacturing processes more efficient . The family also invested in railroads and other industrial concerns . Oliver became a partner in the company when his grandfather Oliver Ames Sr . died in 1863 . Credit Mobilier scandal and death of Oakes Ames . Oakes and Oliver Ames Jr. , Amess father and uncle , were leading figures in the Union Pacific Railroad as well as principals in Crédit Mobilier of America , a shell corporation established by Union Pacific insiders to siphon profits from the railroads construction . While a member of Congress , Oakes Ames sold shares of Crédit Mobiler to other Congressmen well below their estimated market value . When this was exposed in 1872 , a congressional committee determined it a bribe for the purpose of influencing railroad legislation . The scandal resulted in Oakes Amess censure and he died not long afterward . Ames inherited his fathers fortune , nationwide network of business interests , and $6–8 million in debt related to the scandal . He was also co-executor to his fathers estate . Over a period of years , Ames was able to pay off the debts , provide more than $1 million in bequests , and divide the estate amongst the heirs . Legal battle with Jay Gould . In 1875 , financier Jay Gould gained control of the Union Pacific , while a group of Ames-dominated Boston investors retained control of Crédit Mobilier . Crédit Mobilier remained mired in legal action related to the scandal , and its shares were a major component of Oakes Amess estate . The companys only major asset was a $2 million note against UP , and Ames instigated legal action to recover its value . Gould and Union Pacific countersued and conducted a hostile takeover of Crédit Mobilier , ousting Ames from the companys board and discontinuing its lawsuit . Ames launched legal action as a shareholder , and succeeded in forcing CM into receivership in 1879 with himself as the receiver . Their legal wrangling largely subsided in 1880 , when most of the holdout shareholders were bought out by Gould . During their fight , Ames sold Gould his controlling interest in the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad , a separate paper railroad chartered to provide service in Kansas , at $250 per share . Ames made a large profit on the sale , which Gould purchased in order to assemble the pieces of a full transcontinental rail network under the Union Pacific umbrella . Early political career . Ames entered public life intent on vindicating his late fathers memory . His early political activities included sitting on Eastons School Committee and chairing the local Republican Party committee . State Senator . He was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 1879 and saw to the incorporation of the new town of Cottage City , where he owned a summer home . He also sat on the committees overseeing railroads and schools . Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts ( 1883–86 ) . In 1882 , Ames was nominated for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts . Though he won his race , Republican Robert R . Bishop lost the gubernatorial election to Democrat Benjamin Butler in a bitterly divisive contest . Ames served from 1883 to 1886 under Butler ( 1883 ) and Republican George D . Robinson ( 1884–86 ) . In 1883 , the Massachusetts legislature passed a resolution exonerating Amess father and calling on Congress to reverse his censure . While in office , he also states divestment from the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad and the Hoosac Tunnel at 1/3 of par value . He was at first criticized for the relatively low price , but it was later seen to be a good deal . Governor of Massachusetts ( 1887–90 ) . With Governor Robinson retiring in 1886 , Ames won election as Governor of Massachusetts and served three one-year terms . A major political issues in his first two campaigns was his resignation from the state militia before the American Civil War . Ames countered criticisms by pointing out that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place and had financially supported the Union war effort . As governor , Ames was a competent administrator , hiring and promoting more on the basis of merit than politics . In 1887 he signed a bill exempting military veterans from recently enacted civil service regulations , earning him the ire of the states progressives . A project to expand the Massachusetts State House was approved during his tenure , and he in 1889 helped lay the cornerstone for its new elements . Education . He advocated the improvement of public schools , as a counter to private religious schools . During his second term , he donated $1,000 to the College of the Holy Cross , which upset anti-Catholics in the state and cost him votes in his third election against William E . Russell . Temperance . Ames supported the work of the Massachusetts Temperance Society but was opposed to the legislated prohibition of alcohol . He became unpopular with advocates of temperance . In 1889 , the legislature passed a state constitutional amendment enacting prohibition , but it was voted down in the required popular referendum that followed . Retirement and death . In 1888 , his health began to fail , probably due to the strain of office and his business interests . He refused to run for reelection in 1889 , continuing a party tradition of three-term governors . After leaving office , he traveled to Europe several times to relax and recover his health . He died at his North Easton home in 1895 . Personal life and legacy . Family . Ames married Anna Coffin Ray of Nantucket in 1860 . The couple had six children . Their youngest son , Oakes Ames , was a well-known American botanist and orchid expert who owned palatial properties in Boston , Marthas Vineyard , and North Easton . Honors . Ames was elected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1917 , by the fraternitys Alpha Chapter at the New England Conservatory in Boston . He is the only known member to receive such a posthumous offer . Legacy . Ames was a major financier of Eastons public high school , and it is named Oliver Ames High School in his honor . He is also the namesake of the small community of Oliver , Nebraska and of the schooner Governor Ames , in which he was invested . With his cousin Frederick Lothrop Ames , Ames financed the construction of many projects designed by architect H . H . Richardson and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted in North Easton , including Oakes Ames Memorial Hall and the Ames Free Library . The site of these properties is now the H . H . Richardson Historic District of North Easton , a National Historic Landmark District . Ames was a patron of sports and the arts . He owned Booths Theatre in New York City and raised funds to send members of the Boston Athletic Association to the 1896 Summer Olympics .
|
[
"Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts"
] |
[
{
"text": " Oliver Ames ( February 4 , 1831 – October 22 , 1895 ) was an American businessman , investor , philanthropist , and Republican politician who served as the 35th Governor of Massachusetts from 1887 to 1890 . Amess public life was primarily devoted to the vindication of his late father Oakes Ames , a businessman and U.S . Representative who was censured for his role the 1873 Credit Mobilier scandal and died shortly thereafter . His tenure in office was also marked by a divide within the state over the growing temperance movement .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": "Ames was executor of his fathers estate , and took over many of his business interests . He was a major philanthropist , especially in his hometown of Easton , where he secured construction of a number of architecturally significant works by the architect H.H . Richardson and a number of properties by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": " Early life and education . Oliver Ames was born in Easton , Massachusetts on February 4 , 1831 to Eveline Orville ( née Gilmore ) and Oakes Ames . His father was the owner ( with his father and brother , each also named Oliver ) of Ames Shovel Shop , the largest manufacturer of shovels in the United States .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": "Ames was educated in the local schools , and then attended private academies in North Attleborough and Leicester . He was briefly employed at the family factory before enrolling at Brown University in 1851 . He spent three years there in a custom-designed program overseen by university president Francis Wayland .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": " After leaving Brown , Ames entered the family business , learning all aspects of its manufacturing processes and worked as a traveling salesman . Ames served in the Massachusetts militia , rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel , but resigned before the American Civil War began . During the war , he oversaw the companys manufacturing department , expanding the business and making the manufacturing processes more efficient . The family also invested in railroads and other industrial concerns . Oliver became a partner in the company when his grandfather Oliver Ames Sr . died in 1863 .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Credit Mobilier scandal and death of Oakes Ames .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Oakes and Oliver Ames Jr. , Amess father and uncle , were leading figures in the Union Pacific Railroad as well as principals in Crédit Mobilier of America , a shell corporation established by Union Pacific insiders to siphon profits from the railroads construction . While a member of Congress , Oakes Ames sold shares of Crédit Mobiler to other Congressmen well below their estimated market value . When this was exposed in 1872 , a congressional committee determined it a bribe for the purpose of influencing railroad legislation . The scandal resulted in Oakes Amess censure and he died",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "not long afterward .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Ames inherited his fathers fortune , nationwide network of business interests , and $6–8 million in debt related to the scandal . He was also co-executor to his fathers estate . Over a period of years , Ames was able to pay off the debts , provide more than $1 million in bequests , and divide the estate amongst the heirs . Legal battle with Jay Gould . In 1875 , financier Jay Gould gained control of the Union Pacific , while a group of Ames-dominated Boston investors retained control of Crédit Mobilier .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Crédit Mobilier remained mired in legal action related to the scandal , and its shares were a major component of Oakes Amess estate . The companys only major asset was a $2 million note against UP , and Ames instigated legal action to recover its value .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Gould and Union Pacific countersued and conducted a hostile takeover of Crédit Mobilier , ousting Ames from the companys board and discontinuing its lawsuit . Ames launched legal action as a shareholder , and succeeded in forcing CM into receivership in 1879 with himself as the receiver . Their legal wrangling largely subsided in 1880 , when most of the holdout shareholders were bought out by Gould .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "During their fight , Ames sold Gould his controlling interest in the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad , a separate paper railroad chartered to provide service in Kansas , at $250 per share . Ames made a large profit on the sale , which Gould purchased in order to assemble the pieces of a full transcontinental rail network under the Union Pacific umbrella .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Ames entered public life intent on vindicating his late fathers memory . His early political activities included sitting on Eastons School Committee and chairing the local Republican Party committee .",
"title": "Early political career"
},
{
"text": " He was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 1879 and saw to the incorporation of the new town of Cottage City , where he owned a summer home . He also sat on the committees overseeing railroads and schools . Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts ( 1883–86 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": "In 1882 , Ames was nominated for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts . Though he won his race , Republican Robert R . Bishop lost the gubernatorial election to Democrat Benjamin Butler in a bitterly divisive contest . Ames served from 1883 to 1886 under Butler ( 1883 ) and Republican George D . Robinson ( 1884–86 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " In 1883 , the Massachusetts legislature passed a resolution exonerating Amess father and calling on Congress to reverse his censure . While in office , he also states divestment from the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad and the Hoosac Tunnel at 1/3 of par value . He was at first criticized for the relatively low price , but it was later seen to be a good deal . Governor of Massachusetts ( 1887–90 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": "With Governor Robinson retiring in 1886 , Ames won election as Governor of Massachusetts and served three one-year terms . A major political issues in his first two campaigns was his resignation from the state militia before the American Civil War . Ames countered criticisms by pointing out that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place and had financially supported the Union war effort .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " As governor , Ames was a competent administrator , hiring and promoting more on the basis of merit than politics . In 1887 he signed a bill exempting military veterans from recently enacted civil service regulations , earning him the ire of the states progressives . A project to expand the Massachusetts State House was approved during his tenure , and he in 1889 helped lay the cornerstone for its new elements .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " He advocated the improvement of public schools , as a counter to private religious schools . During his second term , he donated $1,000 to the College of the Holy Cross , which upset anti-Catholics in the state and cost him votes in his third election against William E . Russell .",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"text": " Ames supported the work of the Massachusetts Temperance Society but was opposed to the legislated prohibition of alcohol . He became unpopular with advocates of temperance . In 1889 , the legislature passed a state constitutional amendment enacting prohibition , but it was voted down in the required popular referendum that followed .",
"title": "Temperance"
},
{
"text": " In 1888 , his health began to fail , probably due to the strain of office and his business interests . He refused to run for reelection in 1889 , continuing a party tradition of three-term governors . After leaving office , he traveled to Europe several times to relax and recover his health . He died at his North Easton home in 1895 . Personal life and legacy .",
"title": "Retirement and death"
},
{
"text": " Ames married Anna Coffin Ray of Nantucket in 1860 . The couple had six children . Their youngest son , Oakes Ames , was a well-known American botanist and orchid expert who owned palatial properties in Boston , Marthas Vineyard , and North Easton .",
"title": "Family"
},
{
"text": " Ames was elected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1917 , by the fraternitys Alpha Chapter at the New England Conservatory in Boston . He is the only known member to receive such a posthumous offer .",
"title": "Honors"
},
{
"text": " Ames was a major financier of Eastons public high school , and it is named Oliver Ames High School in his honor . He is also the namesake of the small community of Oliver , Nebraska and of the schooner Governor Ames , in which he was invested .",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"text": "With his cousin Frederick Lothrop Ames , Ames financed the construction of many projects designed by architect H . H . Richardson and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted in North Easton , including Oakes Ames Memorial Hall and the Ames Free Library . The site of these properties is now the H . H . Richardson Historic District of North Easton , a National Historic Landmark District .",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"text": " Ames was a patron of sports and the arts . He owned Booths Theatre in New York City and raised funds to send members of the Boston Athletic Association to the 1896 Summer Olympics .",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] |
/wiki/Oliver_Ames_(governor)#P39#1
|
What position did Oliver Ames (governor) take between Oct 1888 and Aug 1889?
|
Oliver Ames ( governor ) Oliver Ames ( February 4 , 1831 – October 22 , 1895 ) was an American businessman , investor , philanthropist , and Republican politician who served as the 35th Governor of Massachusetts from 1887 to 1890 . Amess public life was primarily devoted to the vindication of his late father Oakes Ames , a businessman and U.S . Representative who was censured for his role the 1873 Credit Mobilier scandal and died shortly thereafter . His tenure in office was also marked by a divide within the state over the growing temperance movement . Ames was executor of his fathers estate , and took over many of his business interests . He was a major philanthropist , especially in his hometown of Easton , where he secured construction of a number of architecturally significant works by the architect H.H . Richardson and a number of properties by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted . Early life and education . Oliver Ames was born in Easton , Massachusetts on February 4 , 1831 to Eveline Orville ( née Gilmore ) and Oakes Ames . His father was the owner ( with his father and brother , each also named Oliver ) of Ames Shovel Shop , the largest manufacturer of shovels in the United States . Ames was educated in the local schools , and then attended private academies in North Attleborough and Leicester . He was briefly employed at the family factory before enrolling at Brown University in 1851 . He spent three years there in a custom-designed program overseen by university president Francis Wayland . Business career . After leaving Brown , Ames entered the family business , learning all aspects of its manufacturing processes and worked as a traveling salesman . Ames served in the Massachusetts militia , rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel , but resigned before the American Civil War began . During the war , he oversaw the companys manufacturing department , expanding the business and making the manufacturing processes more efficient . The family also invested in railroads and other industrial concerns . Oliver became a partner in the company when his grandfather Oliver Ames Sr . died in 1863 . Credit Mobilier scandal and death of Oakes Ames . Oakes and Oliver Ames Jr. , Amess father and uncle , were leading figures in the Union Pacific Railroad as well as principals in Crédit Mobilier of America , a shell corporation established by Union Pacific insiders to siphon profits from the railroads construction . While a member of Congress , Oakes Ames sold shares of Crédit Mobiler to other Congressmen well below their estimated market value . When this was exposed in 1872 , a congressional committee determined it a bribe for the purpose of influencing railroad legislation . The scandal resulted in Oakes Amess censure and he died not long afterward . Ames inherited his fathers fortune , nationwide network of business interests , and $6–8 million in debt related to the scandal . He was also co-executor to his fathers estate . Over a period of years , Ames was able to pay off the debts , provide more than $1 million in bequests , and divide the estate amongst the heirs . Legal battle with Jay Gould . In 1875 , financier Jay Gould gained control of the Union Pacific , while a group of Ames-dominated Boston investors retained control of Crédit Mobilier . Crédit Mobilier remained mired in legal action related to the scandal , and its shares were a major component of Oakes Amess estate . The companys only major asset was a $2 million note against UP , and Ames instigated legal action to recover its value . Gould and Union Pacific countersued and conducted a hostile takeover of Crédit Mobilier , ousting Ames from the companys board and discontinuing its lawsuit . Ames launched legal action as a shareholder , and succeeded in forcing CM into receivership in 1879 with himself as the receiver . Their legal wrangling largely subsided in 1880 , when most of the holdout shareholders were bought out by Gould . During their fight , Ames sold Gould his controlling interest in the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad , a separate paper railroad chartered to provide service in Kansas , at $250 per share . Ames made a large profit on the sale , which Gould purchased in order to assemble the pieces of a full transcontinental rail network under the Union Pacific umbrella . Early political career . Ames entered public life intent on vindicating his late fathers memory . His early political activities included sitting on Eastons School Committee and chairing the local Republican Party committee . State Senator . He was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 1879 and saw to the incorporation of the new town of Cottage City , where he owned a summer home . He also sat on the committees overseeing railroads and schools . Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts ( 1883–86 ) . In 1882 , Ames was nominated for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts . Though he won his race , Republican Robert R . Bishop lost the gubernatorial election to Democrat Benjamin Butler in a bitterly divisive contest . Ames served from 1883 to 1886 under Butler ( 1883 ) and Republican George D . Robinson ( 1884–86 ) . In 1883 , the Massachusetts legislature passed a resolution exonerating Amess father and calling on Congress to reverse his censure . While in office , he also states divestment from the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad and the Hoosac Tunnel at 1/3 of par value . He was at first criticized for the relatively low price , but it was later seen to be a good deal . Governor of Massachusetts ( 1887–90 ) . With Governor Robinson retiring in 1886 , Ames won election as Governor of Massachusetts and served three one-year terms . A major political issues in his first two campaigns was his resignation from the state militia before the American Civil War . Ames countered criticisms by pointing out that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place and had financially supported the Union war effort . As governor , Ames was a competent administrator , hiring and promoting more on the basis of merit than politics . In 1887 he signed a bill exempting military veterans from recently enacted civil service regulations , earning him the ire of the states progressives . A project to expand the Massachusetts State House was approved during his tenure , and he in 1889 helped lay the cornerstone for its new elements . Education . He advocated the improvement of public schools , as a counter to private religious schools . During his second term , he donated $1,000 to the College of the Holy Cross , which upset anti-Catholics in the state and cost him votes in his third election against William E . Russell . Temperance . Ames supported the work of the Massachusetts Temperance Society but was opposed to the legislated prohibition of alcohol . He became unpopular with advocates of temperance . In 1889 , the legislature passed a state constitutional amendment enacting prohibition , but it was voted down in the required popular referendum that followed . Retirement and death . In 1888 , his health began to fail , probably due to the strain of office and his business interests . He refused to run for reelection in 1889 , continuing a party tradition of three-term governors . After leaving office , he traveled to Europe several times to relax and recover his health . He died at his North Easton home in 1895 . Personal life and legacy . Family . Ames married Anna Coffin Ray of Nantucket in 1860 . The couple had six children . Their youngest son , Oakes Ames , was a well-known American botanist and orchid expert who owned palatial properties in Boston , Marthas Vineyard , and North Easton . Honors . Ames was elected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1917 , by the fraternitys Alpha Chapter at the New England Conservatory in Boston . He is the only known member to receive such a posthumous offer . Legacy . Ames was a major financier of Eastons public high school , and it is named Oliver Ames High School in his honor . He is also the namesake of the small community of Oliver , Nebraska and of the schooner Governor Ames , in which he was invested . With his cousin Frederick Lothrop Ames , Ames financed the construction of many projects designed by architect H . H . Richardson and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted in North Easton , including Oakes Ames Memorial Hall and the Ames Free Library . The site of these properties is now the H . H . Richardson Historic District of North Easton , a National Historic Landmark District . Ames was a patron of sports and the arts . He owned Booths Theatre in New York City and raised funds to send members of the Boston Athletic Association to the 1896 Summer Olympics .
|
[
"Governor of Massachusetts"
] |
[
{
"text": " Oliver Ames ( February 4 , 1831 – October 22 , 1895 ) was an American businessman , investor , philanthropist , and Republican politician who served as the 35th Governor of Massachusetts from 1887 to 1890 . Amess public life was primarily devoted to the vindication of his late father Oakes Ames , a businessman and U.S . Representative who was censured for his role the 1873 Credit Mobilier scandal and died shortly thereafter . His tenure in office was also marked by a divide within the state over the growing temperance movement .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": "Ames was executor of his fathers estate , and took over many of his business interests . He was a major philanthropist , especially in his hometown of Easton , where he secured construction of a number of architecturally significant works by the architect H.H . Richardson and a number of properties by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": " Early life and education . Oliver Ames was born in Easton , Massachusetts on February 4 , 1831 to Eveline Orville ( née Gilmore ) and Oakes Ames . His father was the owner ( with his father and brother , each also named Oliver ) of Ames Shovel Shop , the largest manufacturer of shovels in the United States .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": "Ames was educated in the local schools , and then attended private academies in North Attleborough and Leicester . He was briefly employed at the family factory before enrolling at Brown University in 1851 . He spent three years there in a custom-designed program overseen by university president Francis Wayland .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": " After leaving Brown , Ames entered the family business , learning all aspects of its manufacturing processes and worked as a traveling salesman . Ames served in the Massachusetts militia , rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel , but resigned before the American Civil War began . During the war , he oversaw the companys manufacturing department , expanding the business and making the manufacturing processes more efficient . The family also invested in railroads and other industrial concerns . Oliver became a partner in the company when his grandfather Oliver Ames Sr . died in 1863 .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Credit Mobilier scandal and death of Oakes Ames .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Oakes and Oliver Ames Jr. , Amess father and uncle , were leading figures in the Union Pacific Railroad as well as principals in Crédit Mobilier of America , a shell corporation established by Union Pacific insiders to siphon profits from the railroads construction . While a member of Congress , Oakes Ames sold shares of Crédit Mobiler to other Congressmen well below their estimated market value . When this was exposed in 1872 , a congressional committee determined it a bribe for the purpose of influencing railroad legislation . The scandal resulted in Oakes Amess censure and he died",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "not long afterward .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Ames inherited his fathers fortune , nationwide network of business interests , and $6–8 million in debt related to the scandal . He was also co-executor to his fathers estate . Over a period of years , Ames was able to pay off the debts , provide more than $1 million in bequests , and divide the estate amongst the heirs . Legal battle with Jay Gould . In 1875 , financier Jay Gould gained control of the Union Pacific , while a group of Ames-dominated Boston investors retained control of Crédit Mobilier .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Crédit Mobilier remained mired in legal action related to the scandal , and its shares were a major component of Oakes Amess estate . The companys only major asset was a $2 million note against UP , and Ames instigated legal action to recover its value .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Gould and Union Pacific countersued and conducted a hostile takeover of Crédit Mobilier , ousting Ames from the companys board and discontinuing its lawsuit . Ames launched legal action as a shareholder , and succeeded in forcing CM into receivership in 1879 with himself as the receiver . Their legal wrangling largely subsided in 1880 , when most of the holdout shareholders were bought out by Gould .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "During their fight , Ames sold Gould his controlling interest in the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad , a separate paper railroad chartered to provide service in Kansas , at $250 per share . Ames made a large profit on the sale , which Gould purchased in order to assemble the pieces of a full transcontinental rail network under the Union Pacific umbrella .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Ames entered public life intent on vindicating his late fathers memory . His early political activities included sitting on Eastons School Committee and chairing the local Republican Party committee .",
"title": "Early political career"
},
{
"text": " He was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 1879 and saw to the incorporation of the new town of Cottage City , where he owned a summer home . He also sat on the committees overseeing railroads and schools . Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts ( 1883–86 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": "In 1882 , Ames was nominated for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts . Though he won his race , Republican Robert R . Bishop lost the gubernatorial election to Democrat Benjamin Butler in a bitterly divisive contest . Ames served from 1883 to 1886 under Butler ( 1883 ) and Republican George D . Robinson ( 1884–86 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " In 1883 , the Massachusetts legislature passed a resolution exonerating Amess father and calling on Congress to reverse his censure . While in office , he also states divestment from the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad and the Hoosac Tunnel at 1/3 of par value . He was at first criticized for the relatively low price , but it was later seen to be a good deal . Governor of Massachusetts ( 1887–90 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": "With Governor Robinson retiring in 1886 , Ames won election as Governor of Massachusetts and served three one-year terms . A major political issues in his first two campaigns was his resignation from the state militia before the American Civil War . Ames countered criticisms by pointing out that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place and had financially supported the Union war effort .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " As governor , Ames was a competent administrator , hiring and promoting more on the basis of merit than politics . In 1887 he signed a bill exempting military veterans from recently enacted civil service regulations , earning him the ire of the states progressives . A project to expand the Massachusetts State House was approved during his tenure , and he in 1889 helped lay the cornerstone for its new elements .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " He advocated the improvement of public schools , as a counter to private religious schools . During his second term , he donated $1,000 to the College of the Holy Cross , which upset anti-Catholics in the state and cost him votes in his third election against William E . Russell .",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"text": " Ames supported the work of the Massachusetts Temperance Society but was opposed to the legislated prohibition of alcohol . He became unpopular with advocates of temperance . In 1889 , the legislature passed a state constitutional amendment enacting prohibition , but it was voted down in the required popular referendum that followed .",
"title": "Temperance"
},
{
"text": " In 1888 , his health began to fail , probably due to the strain of office and his business interests . He refused to run for reelection in 1889 , continuing a party tradition of three-term governors . After leaving office , he traveled to Europe several times to relax and recover his health . He died at his North Easton home in 1895 . Personal life and legacy .",
"title": "Retirement and death"
},
{
"text": " Ames married Anna Coffin Ray of Nantucket in 1860 . The couple had six children . Their youngest son , Oakes Ames , was a well-known American botanist and orchid expert who owned palatial properties in Boston , Marthas Vineyard , and North Easton .",
"title": "Family"
},
{
"text": " Ames was elected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1917 , by the fraternitys Alpha Chapter at the New England Conservatory in Boston . He is the only known member to receive such a posthumous offer .",
"title": "Honors"
},
{
"text": " Ames was a major financier of Eastons public high school , and it is named Oliver Ames High School in his honor . He is also the namesake of the small community of Oliver , Nebraska and of the schooner Governor Ames , in which he was invested .",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"text": "With his cousin Frederick Lothrop Ames , Ames financed the construction of many projects designed by architect H . H . Richardson and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted in North Easton , including Oakes Ames Memorial Hall and the Ames Free Library . The site of these properties is now the H . H . Richardson Historic District of North Easton , a National Historic Landmark District .",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"text": " Ames was a patron of sports and the arts . He owned Booths Theatre in New York City and raised funds to send members of the Boston Athletic Association to the 1896 Summer Olympics .",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] |
/wiki/Oliver_Ames_(governor)#P39#2
|
What position did Oliver Ames (governor) take in 1890?
|
Oliver Ames ( governor ) Oliver Ames ( February 4 , 1831 – October 22 , 1895 ) was an American businessman , investor , philanthropist , and Republican politician who served as the 35th Governor of Massachusetts from 1887 to 1890 . Amess public life was primarily devoted to the vindication of his late father Oakes Ames , a businessman and U.S . Representative who was censured for his role the 1873 Credit Mobilier scandal and died shortly thereafter . His tenure in office was also marked by a divide within the state over the growing temperance movement . Ames was executor of his fathers estate , and took over many of his business interests . He was a major philanthropist , especially in his hometown of Easton , where he secured construction of a number of architecturally significant works by the architect H.H . Richardson and a number of properties by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted . Early life and education . Oliver Ames was born in Easton , Massachusetts on February 4 , 1831 to Eveline Orville ( née Gilmore ) and Oakes Ames . His father was the owner ( with his father and brother , each also named Oliver ) of Ames Shovel Shop , the largest manufacturer of shovels in the United States . Ames was educated in the local schools , and then attended private academies in North Attleborough and Leicester . He was briefly employed at the family factory before enrolling at Brown University in 1851 . He spent three years there in a custom-designed program overseen by university president Francis Wayland . Business career . After leaving Brown , Ames entered the family business , learning all aspects of its manufacturing processes and worked as a traveling salesman . Ames served in the Massachusetts militia , rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel , but resigned before the American Civil War began . During the war , he oversaw the companys manufacturing department , expanding the business and making the manufacturing processes more efficient . The family also invested in railroads and other industrial concerns . Oliver became a partner in the company when his grandfather Oliver Ames Sr . died in 1863 . Credit Mobilier scandal and death of Oakes Ames . Oakes and Oliver Ames Jr. , Amess father and uncle , were leading figures in the Union Pacific Railroad as well as principals in Crédit Mobilier of America , a shell corporation established by Union Pacific insiders to siphon profits from the railroads construction . While a member of Congress , Oakes Ames sold shares of Crédit Mobiler to other Congressmen well below their estimated market value . When this was exposed in 1872 , a congressional committee determined it a bribe for the purpose of influencing railroad legislation . The scandal resulted in Oakes Amess censure and he died not long afterward . Ames inherited his fathers fortune , nationwide network of business interests , and $6–8 million in debt related to the scandal . He was also co-executor to his fathers estate . Over a period of years , Ames was able to pay off the debts , provide more than $1 million in bequests , and divide the estate amongst the heirs . Legal battle with Jay Gould . In 1875 , financier Jay Gould gained control of the Union Pacific , while a group of Ames-dominated Boston investors retained control of Crédit Mobilier . Crédit Mobilier remained mired in legal action related to the scandal , and its shares were a major component of Oakes Amess estate . The companys only major asset was a $2 million note against UP , and Ames instigated legal action to recover its value . Gould and Union Pacific countersued and conducted a hostile takeover of Crédit Mobilier , ousting Ames from the companys board and discontinuing its lawsuit . Ames launched legal action as a shareholder , and succeeded in forcing CM into receivership in 1879 with himself as the receiver . Their legal wrangling largely subsided in 1880 , when most of the holdout shareholders were bought out by Gould . During their fight , Ames sold Gould his controlling interest in the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad , a separate paper railroad chartered to provide service in Kansas , at $250 per share . Ames made a large profit on the sale , which Gould purchased in order to assemble the pieces of a full transcontinental rail network under the Union Pacific umbrella . Early political career . Ames entered public life intent on vindicating his late fathers memory . His early political activities included sitting on Eastons School Committee and chairing the local Republican Party committee . State Senator . He was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 1879 and saw to the incorporation of the new town of Cottage City , where he owned a summer home . He also sat on the committees overseeing railroads and schools . Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts ( 1883–86 ) . In 1882 , Ames was nominated for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts . Though he won his race , Republican Robert R . Bishop lost the gubernatorial election to Democrat Benjamin Butler in a bitterly divisive contest . Ames served from 1883 to 1886 under Butler ( 1883 ) and Republican George D . Robinson ( 1884–86 ) . In 1883 , the Massachusetts legislature passed a resolution exonerating Amess father and calling on Congress to reverse his censure . While in office , he also states divestment from the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad and the Hoosac Tunnel at 1/3 of par value . He was at first criticized for the relatively low price , but it was later seen to be a good deal . Governor of Massachusetts ( 1887–90 ) . With Governor Robinson retiring in 1886 , Ames won election as Governor of Massachusetts and served three one-year terms . A major political issues in his first two campaigns was his resignation from the state militia before the American Civil War . Ames countered criticisms by pointing out that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place and had financially supported the Union war effort . As governor , Ames was a competent administrator , hiring and promoting more on the basis of merit than politics . In 1887 he signed a bill exempting military veterans from recently enacted civil service regulations , earning him the ire of the states progressives . A project to expand the Massachusetts State House was approved during his tenure , and he in 1889 helped lay the cornerstone for its new elements . Education . He advocated the improvement of public schools , as a counter to private religious schools . During his second term , he donated $1,000 to the College of the Holy Cross , which upset anti-Catholics in the state and cost him votes in his third election against William E . Russell . Temperance . Ames supported the work of the Massachusetts Temperance Society but was opposed to the legislated prohibition of alcohol . He became unpopular with advocates of temperance . In 1889 , the legislature passed a state constitutional amendment enacting prohibition , but it was voted down in the required popular referendum that followed . Retirement and death . In 1888 , his health began to fail , probably due to the strain of office and his business interests . He refused to run for reelection in 1889 , continuing a party tradition of three-term governors . After leaving office , he traveled to Europe several times to relax and recover his health . He died at his North Easton home in 1895 . Personal life and legacy . Family . Ames married Anna Coffin Ray of Nantucket in 1860 . The couple had six children . Their youngest son , Oakes Ames , was a well-known American botanist and orchid expert who owned palatial properties in Boston , Marthas Vineyard , and North Easton . Honors . Ames was elected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1917 , by the fraternitys Alpha Chapter at the New England Conservatory in Boston . He is the only known member to receive such a posthumous offer . Legacy . Ames was a major financier of Eastons public high school , and it is named Oliver Ames High School in his honor . He is also the namesake of the small community of Oliver , Nebraska and of the schooner Governor Ames , in which he was invested . With his cousin Frederick Lothrop Ames , Ames financed the construction of many projects designed by architect H . H . Richardson and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted in North Easton , including Oakes Ames Memorial Hall and the Ames Free Library . The site of these properties is now the H . H . Richardson Historic District of North Easton , a National Historic Landmark District . Ames was a patron of sports and the arts . He owned Booths Theatre in New York City and raised funds to send members of the Boston Athletic Association to the 1896 Summer Olympics .
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": " Oliver Ames ( February 4 , 1831 – October 22 , 1895 ) was an American businessman , investor , philanthropist , and Republican politician who served as the 35th Governor of Massachusetts from 1887 to 1890 . Amess public life was primarily devoted to the vindication of his late father Oakes Ames , a businessman and U.S . Representative who was censured for his role the 1873 Credit Mobilier scandal and died shortly thereafter . His tenure in office was also marked by a divide within the state over the growing temperance movement .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": "Ames was executor of his fathers estate , and took over many of his business interests . He was a major philanthropist , especially in his hometown of Easton , where he secured construction of a number of architecturally significant works by the architect H.H . Richardson and a number of properties by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": " Early life and education . Oliver Ames was born in Easton , Massachusetts on February 4 , 1831 to Eveline Orville ( née Gilmore ) and Oakes Ames . His father was the owner ( with his father and brother , each also named Oliver ) of Ames Shovel Shop , the largest manufacturer of shovels in the United States .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": "Ames was educated in the local schools , and then attended private academies in North Attleborough and Leicester . He was briefly employed at the family factory before enrolling at Brown University in 1851 . He spent three years there in a custom-designed program overseen by university president Francis Wayland .",
"title": "Oliver Ames ( governor )"
},
{
"text": " After leaving Brown , Ames entered the family business , learning all aspects of its manufacturing processes and worked as a traveling salesman . Ames served in the Massachusetts militia , rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel , but resigned before the American Civil War began . During the war , he oversaw the companys manufacturing department , expanding the business and making the manufacturing processes more efficient . The family also invested in railroads and other industrial concerns . Oliver became a partner in the company when his grandfather Oliver Ames Sr . died in 1863 .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Credit Mobilier scandal and death of Oakes Ames .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Oakes and Oliver Ames Jr. , Amess father and uncle , were leading figures in the Union Pacific Railroad as well as principals in Crédit Mobilier of America , a shell corporation established by Union Pacific insiders to siphon profits from the railroads construction . While a member of Congress , Oakes Ames sold shares of Crédit Mobiler to other Congressmen well below their estimated market value . When this was exposed in 1872 , a congressional committee determined it a bribe for the purpose of influencing railroad legislation . The scandal resulted in Oakes Amess censure and he died",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "not long afterward .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Ames inherited his fathers fortune , nationwide network of business interests , and $6–8 million in debt related to the scandal . He was also co-executor to his fathers estate . Over a period of years , Ames was able to pay off the debts , provide more than $1 million in bequests , and divide the estate amongst the heirs . Legal battle with Jay Gould . In 1875 , financier Jay Gould gained control of the Union Pacific , while a group of Ames-dominated Boston investors retained control of Crédit Mobilier .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "Crédit Mobilier remained mired in legal action related to the scandal , and its shares were a major component of Oakes Amess estate . The companys only major asset was a $2 million note against UP , and Ames instigated legal action to recover its value .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Gould and Union Pacific countersued and conducted a hostile takeover of Crédit Mobilier , ousting Ames from the companys board and discontinuing its lawsuit . Ames launched legal action as a shareholder , and succeeded in forcing CM into receivership in 1879 with himself as the receiver . Their legal wrangling largely subsided in 1880 , when most of the holdout shareholders were bought out by Gould .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": "During their fight , Ames sold Gould his controlling interest in the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad , a separate paper railroad chartered to provide service in Kansas , at $250 per share . Ames made a large profit on the sale , which Gould purchased in order to assemble the pieces of a full transcontinental rail network under the Union Pacific umbrella .",
"title": "Business career"
},
{
"text": " Ames entered public life intent on vindicating his late fathers memory . His early political activities included sitting on Eastons School Committee and chairing the local Republican Party committee .",
"title": "Early political career"
},
{
"text": " He was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 1879 and saw to the incorporation of the new town of Cottage City , where he owned a summer home . He also sat on the committees overseeing railroads and schools . Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts ( 1883–86 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": "In 1882 , Ames was nominated for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts . Though he won his race , Republican Robert R . Bishop lost the gubernatorial election to Democrat Benjamin Butler in a bitterly divisive contest . Ames served from 1883 to 1886 under Butler ( 1883 ) and Republican George D . Robinson ( 1884–86 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " In 1883 , the Massachusetts legislature passed a resolution exonerating Amess father and calling on Congress to reverse his censure . While in office , he also states divestment from the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad and the Hoosac Tunnel at 1/3 of par value . He was at first criticized for the relatively low price , but it was later seen to be a good deal . Governor of Massachusetts ( 1887–90 ) .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": "With Governor Robinson retiring in 1886 , Ames won election as Governor of Massachusetts and served three one-year terms . A major political issues in his first two campaigns was his resignation from the state militia before the American Civil War . Ames countered criticisms by pointing out that he had hired a substitute to serve in his place and had financially supported the Union war effort .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " As governor , Ames was a competent administrator , hiring and promoting more on the basis of merit than politics . In 1887 he signed a bill exempting military veterans from recently enacted civil service regulations , earning him the ire of the states progressives . A project to expand the Massachusetts State House was approved during his tenure , and he in 1889 helped lay the cornerstone for its new elements .",
"title": "State Senator"
},
{
"text": " He advocated the improvement of public schools , as a counter to private religious schools . During his second term , he donated $1,000 to the College of the Holy Cross , which upset anti-Catholics in the state and cost him votes in his third election against William E . Russell .",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"text": " Ames supported the work of the Massachusetts Temperance Society but was opposed to the legislated prohibition of alcohol . He became unpopular with advocates of temperance . In 1889 , the legislature passed a state constitutional amendment enacting prohibition , but it was voted down in the required popular referendum that followed .",
"title": "Temperance"
},
{
"text": " In 1888 , his health began to fail , probably due to the strain of office and his business interests . He refused to run for reelection in 1889 , continuing a party tradition of three-term governors . After leaving office , he traveled to Europe several times to relax and recover his health . He died at his North Easton home in 1895 . Personal life and legacy .",
"title": "Retirement and death"
},
{
"text": " Ames married Anna Coffin Ray of Nantucket in 1860 . The couple had six children . Their youngest son , Oakes Ames , was a well-known American botanist and orchid expert who owned palatial properties in Boston , Marthas Vineyard , and North Easton .",
"title": "Family"
},
{
"text": " Ames was elected an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity in 1917 , by the fraternitys Alpha Chapter at the New England Conservatory in Boston . He is the only known member to receive such a posthumous offer .",
"title": "Honors"
},
{
"text": " Ames was a major financier of Eastons public high school , and it is named Oliver Ames High School in his honor . He is also the namesake of the small community of Oliver , Nebraska and of the schooner Governor Ames , in which he was invested .",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"text": "With his cousin Frederick Lothrop Ames , Ames financed the construction of many projects designed by architect H . H . Richardson and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted in North Easton , including Oakes Ames Memorial Hall and the Ames Free Library . The site of these properties is now the H . H . Richardson Historic District of North Easton , a National Historic Landmark District .",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"text": " Ames was a patron of sports and the arts . He owned Booths Theatre in New York City and raised funds to send members of the Boston Athletic Association to the 1896 Summer Olympics .",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Selmayr#P69#0
|
Martin Selmayr went to which school before Jul 1990?
|
Martin Selmayr Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party . Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office . European Commission . In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff . Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr denied these accusations . Secretary-General . Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures . The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission . In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced . Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life . Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 . He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich . Books . - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli
|
[
"University of Passau"
] |
[
{
"text": "Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": "of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "denied these accusations .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli",
"title": "Books"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Selmayr#P69#1
|
Martin Selmayr went to which school in Apr 1991?
|
Martin Selmayr Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party . Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office . European Commission . In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff . Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr denied these accusations . Secretary-General . Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures . The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission . In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced . Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life . Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 . He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich . Books . - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli
|
[
"University of Geneva",
"University of Passau"
] |
[
{
"text": "Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": "of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "denied these accusations .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli",
"title": "Books"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Selmayr#P69#2
|
Martin Selmayr went to which school between Dec 1993 and Dec 1993?
|
Martin Selmayr Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party . Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office . European Commission . In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff . Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr denied these accusations . Secretary-General . Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures . The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission . In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced . Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life . Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 . He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich . Books . - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli
|
[
"University of Passau"
] |
[
{
"text": "Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": "of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "denied these accusations .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli",
"title": "Books"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Selmayr#P69#3
|
Martin Selmayr went to which school in Jun 1994?
|
Martin Selmayr Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party . Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office . European Commission . In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff . Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr denied these accusations . Secretary-General . Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures . The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission . In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced . Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life . Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 . He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich . Books . - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": "Martin Selmayr ( born 5 December 1970 ) is a European civil servant from Germany who was Secretary-General of the European Commission from 2018 to 2019 and Chief of Staff to Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2018 . During his time in the Juncker Commission , Selmayr was widely described as one of the most influential figures within the European Union . After taking office as Secretary-General , he was described in a debate in the European Parliament as the most powerful bureaucrat in the world . A resident of Brussels since 2000 , he is a member",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": "of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium . He is considered by many to be close to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and its leadership , but the European Commission said he has never been a member of that party .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " Early life and career . Selmayr studied law at the University of Geneva , before earning his PhD at the University of Passau . He worked for the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2000 , before joining the media conglomerate Bertelsmann as a legal adviser in Brussels in 2001 . He eventually became Bertelsmanns vice president for legal affairs and government relations and head of the Brussels office .",
"title": "Martin Selmayr"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 , he first joined the European Commission as a civil servant . He went on to serve in a variety of roles , firstly as Commission Spokesperson for Information Society and Media , before becoming Head of Cabinet to the Commissioner for Justice , Fundamental Rights and Citizenship , Viviane Reding . He was appointed by the commission , as a Principal Adviser to the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs , and as a Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "In early 2014 , Jean-Claude Juncker won the nomination of the European Peoples Party ( EPP ) to be their candidate for President of the European Commission . Juncker appointed Selmayr his campaign director , and after the EPP emerged as the largest party in the European Parliament following the election in May 2014 , Selmayr became the head of the Juncker transition team . After taking office as president on 1 November 2014 , Juncker made Selmayr his Head of Cabinet and Chief of Staff .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Shortly after his appointment , various media reports began to profile Selmayr as a highly influential figure within EU politics , with Politico describing him as the most powerful EU chief of staff ever in November 2016 , noting that even Jean-Claude Juncker jokingly referred to Selmayr by the nickname the Monster . Tomáš Prouza , the Czech State Secretary for European Affairs , stated publicly that when I need a decision to be taken...I talk to Martin . In October 2017 , he was accused in the British media of leaking details relating to Brexit negotiations , though Selmayr",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "denied these accusations .",
"title": "European Commission"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the European Commission in February 2018 . Minutes after this appointment , Juncker informed the European Commissioners that the then Secretary-General , Alexander Italianer , intended to retire ; they had not been previously notified of this . On 1 March 2018 , following the formal retirement of Italianer , Selmayr was approved by the College of Commissioners to replace him as Secretary-General . Some media sources claimed that support for Selmayr had been bought , and with others claiming that Selmayr had forced his way into the position . The President of the",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker reportedly threatened to resign if the controversy led to Selmayrs dismissal . On 25 March 2018 the Commission issued a formal statement claiming that Selmayrs promotion was in accordance with legal procedures .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " The European Ombudsman contested the lightning-quick appointment of Selmayr from Deputy Secretary-General to Secretary-General , found instances of maladministration and concluded that the Commission did not follow EU law . The Ombudsmans statement was rejected by the commission .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "In the immediate aftermath of his appointment as Secretary-General of the European Commission it was reported that Selmayr had been editing Wikipedia using his own name from an account using a verified ec.europa.eu email address . The Commission stated that he did so to correct specific information ( including his work positions as well as political and religious affiliations ) , in direct interaction with a Wikipedia editor , who checked and verified all information ...and ensured that it is properly referenced .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " Selmayr resigned as Secretary-General on 1 August 2019 , having held the office for less time than any of his predecessors ; it was speculated that the decision by the European Council to nominate Ursula von der Leyen as replacement for Juncker as Commission President was a factor behind the decision . He was subsequently appointed as the EUs Permanent Representative to Austria . Personal and family life .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": "Selmayr is a Protestant . He is married and has lived in Brussels since 2000 . He has been a member of the Christian Democratic and Flemish ( CD&V ) party of Belgium since 2014 .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " He is the son of the lawyer Gerhard Selmayr ; his paternal grandfather was Brigadier General Josef Selmayr , and his maternal grandfather was Lieutenant General Heinrich Gaedcke . Members of the Selmayr family own a castle near Munich .",
"title": "Secretary-General"
},
{
"text": " - The Law of The European Central Bank , Oxford : Hart Publishing ( 2001 ) , with Chiara Zilioli - Das Recht der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion : Die Vergemeinschaftung der Währung , Baden-Baden ( 2002 ) . - La Banca centrale europea , Milan ( 2007 ) , with Chiara Zilioli",
"title": "Books"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Farrar#P463#0
|
John Farrar became a member of what organization or association in 1964?
|
John Farrar John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1945 ) is an Australian music producer , songwriter , arranger , singer , and guitarist . As a musician , Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs ( 1963–64 ) , The Strangers ( 1964–70 ) , Marvin , Welch & Farrar ( 1970–73 ) , and The Shadows ( 1973–76 ) ; in 1980 he released a solo eponymous album . As a songwriter and producer , he worked with Olivia Newton-John from 1971 through 1989 . He wrote her number-one hit singles : Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Youre the One That I Want ( 1978 duet with John Travolta ) , Hopelessly Devoted to You ( 1978 ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . He also produced the majority of her recorded material during that time including her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . He was a co-producer of ( 1978 ) – the soundtrack for the film Grease . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . In 1969 , Farrar married the Australian singer , Pat Carroll – formerly Ms . Newton-Johns singing partner . In July 1970 , Farrar and Carroll relocated to the United Kingdom , and starting in late 1975 , they have resided in the United States . They are the parents of Sam Farrar ( a Phantom Planet bassist and Maroon 5 touring member ) and Max Farrar ( a Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . Biography . John Clifford Farrar was born on 8 November 1945 , and grew up in Moonee Ponds , a suburb of Melbourne . He has an older brother , Reginald , and the family lived in a large household with aunts and uncles . Farrars mother bought him a country music guitar , which he began playing at twelve years old . In 1961 , he began playing in a band , The Jaguars , with his older brother Reg . When he was fifteen , the family relocated to nearby Niddrie . In 1963 , he joined The Mustangs , alongside Johnny Cooper on vocals , Peter Ramis on bass guitar and Billy on drums . In late January 1964 , he joined The Strangers , replacing the founding guitarist Laurie Arthur , and adding another lead vocalist to the group . Other members were Peter Robinson on the bass guitar and lead vocals , Graeme Thompson on drums , and Fred Weiland on guitar and backing vocals . They had formed as an instrumental band in Glenroy in 1961 , working in the Melbourne dance scene . In June 1964 , the band issued its first vocal single , If You Gotta Make a Fool of Someone , which reached the top 30 on the Melbourne charts in July . They became a popular backing and session band . In August 1964 , The Strangers were hired as the house band for the ATV O pop music program , The Go! ! Show . Both Farrars future wife , Pat Carroll , and their close friend , Olivia Newton-John , appeared on The Go! ! Show as singers backed by The Strangers . Carroll and Newton-John formed a vocal duo , Pat and Olivia , and in 1967 , they first toured the United Kingdom , including a gig at the infamous Raymond Revuebar club in Soho . After returning to Australia from a tour , Carroll was obliged to remain since her work visa had expired , while Newton-John was able to stay on due to her British origins . Farrar dated and married Carroll , and following their wedding in 1970 , Carroll ceased to pursue headliner status . She occasionally reprised the duo with Newton-John , and worked as a session singer on Farrars or Newton-Johns work . During 1968 , The Strangers supported the Australian leg of a tour by the British instrumental group , The Shadows . In June 1970 , The Strangers released their most successful hit , Melanie Makes Me Smile , which peaked at No . 14 on the Go-Set National Top 60 in August . In July 1970 , Farrar left The Strangers , and he and Carroll moved to Britain , where he was invited to become a member of Marvin , Welch & Farrar , a vocal harmony group featuring two former members of The Shadows , Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch . By that time , Newton-John and Welch were engaged , and Farrar and Welch became two of her songwriters and producers . Welch and Farrar co-produced and performed on Newton-Johns cover of Bob Dylans track , If Not for You , and the album of the same title released in November 1971 . Farrar also worked with Cliff Richard as a backing guitarist and vocalist . Marvin , Welch & Farrar put out two albums , an eponymous one in 1971 , and Second Opinion ( in both quadraphonic and stereo formats ) in 1972 . In 1973 , a third album featured just Marvin and Farrar . The Shadows reformed soon after , and Farrar joined as second lead guitarist and vocalist . In 1975 , the group represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with Let Me Be the One . In 1973 , Farrar had appeared at the same contest as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Richards entry , Power to All Our Friends ; the following year he backed and produced Newton-John on her effort , Long Live Love . From 1971 to 1976 , various members of The Shadows were employed as session musicians for Newton-Johns early albums , recorded at Londons Abbey Road Studios . Aside from Farrar and Welch , they included Brian Bennett , Alan Hawkshaw , Alan Tarney , Dave Richmond , and Trevor Spencer ; some other session musicians were the fellow Australians Kevin Peek and Terry Britten – both also worked with Richard – and some other musicians . They worked under co-producers Farrar and Welch until midway through Newton-Johns second album , Olivia . Thereafter , Farrar was her main producer . He produced her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . His last production for Newton-John was her album , Warm and Tender in 1989 . In 1974 , Farrar used the vocoder SFX unit on an instrumental track , No , No , Nina , well before Peter Framptons 1975 single , Show Me the Way , which featured the same device for its talk box effect . However , Farrars track was held back from release by EMI until 1997 , when it appeared on the CD album , The Shadows at Abbey Road , containing mostly unreleased material . A vocal version of No , No , Nina appeared on the Specs Appeal album as a Eurovision contender track , but it was voted sixth out of six initial entries . Aside from instrumentation and vocals , Farrar worked as an arranger on The Shadows albums : Rockin with Curly Leads , Specs Appeal , Tasty and Live at the Paris Olympia . Farrars work with Newton-John embraced a wide range of styles , from Youre the One That I Want ( duet with John Travolta ) to Physical . Farrars biggest success with Newton-John as a writer-producer came with the film version of the musical , Grease . In 1977 , during filming , its producers were replacing some of Jim Jacobs and Warren Caseys pieces from the original score and wanted some more commercial songs , including a solo number for Newton-John , so Farrar wrote and submitted two originals , Hopelessly Devoted To You and Youre the One That I Want . Both were accepted ( despite strong reservations from director Randal Kleiser , who believed that the songs didnt fit the style ) , and became two of the soundtracks most successful singles , being international number-one hits during 1978 . In June 2004 , Farrar recalled writing the two songs : Youre the One That I Want : The weird thing was it was the fastest song I ever wrote . It came so fast , the actual melody and the feel of it . Hopelessly Devoted To You : I spent the longest period writing the lyrics of any song Ive ever written . Every thesaurus and every rhyming dictionary I had , just trying to really make it work properly . Other number-one hits for Newton-John that were written and produced by Farrar are Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Dont Stop Believin ( an easy-listening chart-topper from 1976 , not the Journey song of the same name ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . Farrar produced one side of the Xanadu soundtrack for the 1980 film of the same name . The other side featured tracks by Electric Light Orchestra and was produced by their guitarist-vocalist , Jeff Lynne . In March 1981 , Farrar was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song for the song Suspended in Time from Xanadu . In 1995 , Farrar collaborated with Newton-John and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical score of Cliff Richards musical , Heathcliff based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights . Farrar also co-wrote songs for a musical based on the 1959 film , Gidget , which , , was indefinitely postponed . Farrar runs the Moonee Ponds Studio at Sweetwater Road in Malibu . Personal life . Farrar and Carroll are the parents of Sam Farrar ( born 29 June 1978 , Phantom Planet bass guitarist ) and Max Farrar ( Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . , Farrar and Carroll reside in Malibu , California . Instruments . According to AllMusic John Farrar has been credited with : vocals ( lead , backing ) , guitars ( lead , rhythm , bass guitar , acoustic , slide guitar , acoustic slide , electric slide ) , piano ( electric ) , keyboards , mellotron , synthesizer , vocoder , synclavier , mandolin , and horn . Discography . - As a performer - Solo - John Farrar – LP/CD – CBS/See4Miles ( November 1980 ) - With Rainine on My Mind - AUS #90 - John and Mary - Reckless – duet with Olivia Newton-John ( 2009 ) . - The Strangers - Marvin , Welch & Farrar - The Shadows - As a songwriter and/or producer - With Olivia Newton-John - 1971 If Not for You ( co-produced with Bruce Welch ) - 1972 Olivia ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Maybe Then Ill Think Of You ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Let Me Be There ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 Long Live Love ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 If You Love Me , Let Me Know - 1975 Have You Never Been Mellow - 1975 Clearly Love - 1976 Come on Over - 1976 Dont Stop Believin - 1977 Making a Good Thing Better - 1978 A Little More Love - 1978 Hopelessly Devoted To You - 1978 Youre The One That I Want - 1978 Look At Me , Im Sandra Dee ( Reprise ) - 1978 Totally Hot - 1980 Magic - 1980 Suddenly - 1980 Dancin - 1980 Suspended in Time - 1980 Whenever Youre Away from Me - 1981 Physical - 1981 Love Performance - 1982 Heart Attack - 1982 Tied Up - 1985 Soul Kiss - 1989 Warm and Tender - 1992 Not Gonna Be the One - 1995 Be With Me Always - 1998 Closer to Me - 1998 Under My Skin - 2008 Reckless - 2012 Weightless - 2012 I Think You Might Like It - Other production credits - Neil Sedaka – Workin on a Groovy Thing ( 1969 ) ( arranger ) - John Travolta – Sandy ( 1978 ) - The Moirs – State of Shock ( 1978 ) - Cher – I Paralyze ( 1982 ) ( co-produced with David Wolpert ) - Irene Cara – Carasmatic ( 1987 ) - Jack Wagner – Dont Give Up Your Day Job ( 1987 ) Eurovision Song Contest appearances . - 1973 Power to all Our Friends ( backing Cliff Richard ) . - 1974 Long Live Love ( producer to Olivia Newton-John ) - 1975 Let Me Be the One ( member of The Shadows ) . References . - General - Note : Archived [ on-line ] copy has limited functionality . - Specific External links . - John Farrar interview on 88.3 Southern FM - Photographs of The Strangers : - Farrar , second from right , 1965 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at right , 1966 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at left , 1967 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar , second from left , 1969 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015
|
[
"The Strangers"
] |
[
{
"text": "John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1945 ) is an Australian music producer , songwriter , arranger , singer , and guitarist . As a musician , Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs ( 1963–64 ) , The Strangers ( 1964–70 ) , Marvin , Welch & Farrar ( 1970–73 ) , and The Shadows ( 1973–76 ) ; in 1980 he released a solo eponymous album . As a songwriter and producer , he worked with Olivia Newton-John from 1971 through 1989 . He wrote her number-one hit singles",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": ": Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Youre the One That I Want ( 1978 duet with John Travolta ) , Hopelessly Devoted to You ( 1978 ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . He also produced the majority of her recorded material during that time including her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . He was a co-producer of ( 1978 ) – the soundtrack for the",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "film Grease .",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . In 1969 , Farrar married the Australian singer , Pat Carroll – formerly Ms . Newton-Johns singing partner . In July 1970 , Farrar and Carroll relocated to the United Kingdom , and starting in late 1975 , they have resided in the United States . They are the parents of Sam Farrar ( a Phantom Planet bassist and Maroon 5 touring member ) and Max Farrar ( a Golden Ghost",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "guitarist and keyboardist ) .",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "John Clifford Farrar was born on 8 November 1945 , and grew up in Moonee Ponds , a suburb of Melbourne . He has an older brother , Reginald , and the family lived in a large household with aunts and uncles . Farrars mother bought him a country music guitar , which he began playing at twelve years old . In 1961 , he began playing in a band , The Jaguars , with his older brother Reg . When he was fifteen , the family relocated to nearby Niddrie . In 1963 , he joined The Mustangs ,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "alongside Johnny Cooper on vocals , Peter Ramis on bass guitar and Billy on drums . In late January 1964 , he joined The Strangers , replacing the founding guitarist Laurie Arthur , and adding another lead vocalist to the group . Other members were Peter Robinson on the bass guitar and lead vocals , Graeme Thompson on drums , and Fred Weiland on guitar and backing vocals . They had formed as an instrumental band in Glenroy in 1961 , working in the Melbourne dance scene . In June 1964 , the band issued its first vocal single ,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "If You Gotta Make a Fool of Someone , which reached the top 30 on the Melbourne charts in July . They became a popular backing and session band .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " In August 1964 , The Strangers were hired as the house band for the ATV O pop music program , The Go! ! Show . Both Farrars future wife , Pat Carroll , and their close friend , Olivia Newton-John , appeared on The Go! ! Show as singers backed by The Strangers . Carroll and Newton-John formed a vocal duo , Pat and Olivia , and in 1967 , they first toured the United Kingdom , including a gig at the infamous Raymond Revuebar club in Soho .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "After returning to Australia from a tour , Carroll was obliged to remain since her work visa had expired , while Newton-John was able to stay on due to her British origins . Farrar dated and married Carroll , and following their wedding in 1970 , Carroll ceased to pursue headliner status . She occasionally reprised the duo with Newton-John , and worked as a session singer on Farrars or Newton-Johns work . During 1968 , The Strangers supported the Australian leg of a tour by the British instrumental group , The Shadows . In June 1970 , The Strangers",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "released their most successful hit , Melanie Makes Me Smile , which peaked at No . 14 on the Go-Set National Top 60 in August .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In July 1970 , Farrar left The Strangers , and he and Carroll moved to Britain , where he was invited to become a member of Marvin , Welch & Farrar , a vocal harmony group featuring two former members of The Shadows , Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch . By that time , Newton-John and Welch were engaged , and Farrar and Welch became two of her songwriters and producers . Welch and Farrar co-produced and performed on Newton-Johns cover of Bob Dylans track , If Not for You , and the album of the same title released in",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "November 1971 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Farrar also worked with Cliff Richard as a backing guitarist and vocalist . Marvin , Welch & Farrar put out two albums , an eponymous one in 1971 , and Second Opinion ( in both quadraphonic and stereo formats ) in 1972 . In 1973 , a third album featured just Marvin and Farrar . The Shadows reformed soon after , and Farrar joined as second lead guitarist and vocalist . In 1975 , the group represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with Let Me Be the One . In 1973 , Farrar had appeared at the same",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "contest as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Richards entry , Power to All Our Friends ; the following year he backed and produced Newton-John on her effort , Long Live Love .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "From 1971 to 1976 , various members of The Shadows were employed as session musicians for Newton-Johns early albums , recorded at Londons Abbey Road Studios . Aside from Farrar and Welch , they included Brian Bennett , Alan Hawkshaw , Alan Tarney , Dave Richmond , and Trevor Spencer ; some other session musicians were the fellow Australians Kevin Peek and Terry Britten – both also worked with Richard – and some other musicians . They worked under co-producers Farrar and Welch until midway through Newton-Johns second album , Olivia . Thereafter , Farrar was her main producer .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He produced her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . His last production for Newton-John was her album , Warm and Tender in 1989 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1974 , Farrar used the vocoder SFX unit on an instrumental track , No , No , Nina , well before Peter Framptons 1975 single , Show Me the Way , which featured the same device for its talk box effect . However , Farrars track was held back from release by EMI until 1997 , when it appeared on the CD album , The Shadows at Abbey Road , containing mostly unreleased material . A vocal version of No , No , Nina appeared on the Specs Appeal album as a Eurovision contender track , but it was",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "voted sixth out of six initial entries . Aside from instrumentation and vocals , Farrar worked as an arranger on The Shadows albums : Rockin with Curly Leads , Specs Appeal , Tasty and Live at the Paris Olympia .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Farrars work with Newton-John embraced a wide range of styles , from Youre the One That I Want ( duet with John Travolta ) to Physical . Farrars biggest success with Newton-John as a writer-producer came with the film version of the musical , Grease . In 1977 , during filming , its producers were replacing some of Jim Jacobs and Warren Caseys pieces from the original score and wanted some more commercial songs , including a solo number for Newton-John , so Farrar wrote and submitted two originals , Hopelessly Devoted To You and Youre the One That I",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Want . Both were accepted ( despite strong reservations from director Randal Kleiser , who believed that the songs didnt fit the style ) , and became two of the soundtracks most successful singles , being international number-one hits during 1978 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In June 2004 , Farrar recalled writing the two songs : Youre the One That I Want : The weird thing was it was the fastest song I ever wrote . It came so fast , the actual melody and the feel of it . Hopelessly Devoted To You : I spent the longest period writing the lyrics of any song Ive ever written . Every thesaurus and every rhyming dictionary I had , just trying to really make it work properly . Other number-one hits for Newton-John that were written and produced by Farrar are Have You Never Been",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Mellow ( 1975 ) , Dont Stop Believin ( an easy-listening chart-topper from 1976 , not the Journey song of the same name ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . Farrar produced one side of the Xanadu soundtrack for the 1980 film of the same name . The other side featured tracks by Electric Light Orchestra and was produced by their guitarist-vocalist , Jeff Lynne . In March 1981 , Farrar was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song for the song Suspended in Time from Xanadu .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " In 1995 , Farrar collaborated with Newton-John and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical score of Cliff Richards musical , Heathcliff based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights . Farrar also co-wrote songs for a musical based on the 1959 film , Gidget , which , , was indefinitely postponed . Farrar runs the Moonee Ponds Studio at Sweetwater Road in Malibu .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Farrar and Carroll are the parents of Sam Farrar ( born 29 June 1978 , Phantom Planet bass guitarist ) and Max Farrar ( Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . , Farrar and Carroll reside in Malibu , California .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " According to AllMusic John Farrar has been credited with : vocals ( lead , backing ) , guitars ( lead , rhythm , bass guitar , acoustic , slide guitar , acoustic slide , electric slide ) , piano ( electric ) , keyboards , mellotron , synthesizer , vocoder , synclavier , mandolin , and horn .",
"title": "Instruments"
},
{
"text": " - As a performer - Solo - John Farrar – LP/CD – CBS/See4Miles ( November 1980 ) - With Rainine on My Mind - AUS #90 - John and Mary - Reckless – duet with Olivia Newton-John ( 2009 ) . - The Strangers - Marvin , Welch & Farrar - The Shadows - As a songwriter and/or producer - With Olivia Newton-John - 1971 If Not for You ( co-produced with Bruce Welch ) - 1972 Olivia ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Maybe Then Ill Think Of You ( co-produced with Welch )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- 1973 Let Me Be There ( co-produced with Welch )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - 1974 Long Live Love ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 If You Love Me , Let Me Know - 1975 Have You Never Been Mellow - 1975 Clearly Love - 1976 Come on Over - 1976 Dont Stop Believin - 1977 Making a Good Thing Better - 1978 A Little More Love - 1978 Hopelessly Devoted To You - 1978 Youre The One That I Want - 1978 Look At Me , Im Sandra Dee ( Reprise ) - 1978 Totally Hot - 1980 Magic - 1980 Suddenly - 1980 Dancin - 1980 Suspended in Time",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- 1980 Whenever Youre Away from Me",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - 1981 Physical - 1981 Love Performance - 1982 Heart Attack - 1982 Tied Up - 1985 Soul Kiss - 1989 Warm and Tender - 1992 Not Gonna Be the One - 1995 Be With Me Always - 1998 Closer to Me - 1998 Under My Skin - 2008 Reckless - 2012 Weightless - 2012 I Think You Might Like It - Other production credits - Neil Sedaka – Workin on a Groovy Thing ( 1969 ) ( arranger ) - John Travolta – Sandy ( 1978 ) - The Moirs – State of Shock ( 1978 )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- Cher – I Paralyze ( 1982 ) ( co-produced with David Wolpert )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - Irene Cara – Carasmatic ( 1987 ) - Jack Wagner – Dont Give Up Your Day Job ( 1987 ) Eurovision Song Contest appearances . - 1973 Power to all Our Friends ( backing Cliff Richard ) . - 1974 Long Live Love ( producer to Olivia Newton-John ) - 1975 Let Me Be the One ( member of The Shadows ) .",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - General - Note : Archived [ on-line ] copy has limited functionality . - Specific",
"title": "References"
},
{
"text": " - John Farrar interview on 88.3 Southern FM - Photographs of The Strangers : - Farrar , second from right , 1965 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at right , 1966 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at left , 1967 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar , second from left , 1969 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Farrar#P463#1
|
John Farrar became a member of what organization or association in 1970?
|
John Farrar John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1945 ) is an Australian music producer , songwriter , arranger , singer , and guitarist . As a musician , Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs ( 1963–64 ) , The Strangers ( 1964–70 ) , Marvin , Welch & Farrar ( 1970–73 ) , and The Shadows ( 1973–76 ) ; in 1980 he released a solo eponymous album . As a songwriter and producer , he worked with Olivia Newton-John from 1971 through 1989 . He wrote her number-one hit singles : Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Youre the One That I Want ( 1978 duet with John Travolta ) , Hopelessly Devoted to You ( 1978 ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . He also produced the majority of her recorded material during that time including her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . He was a co-producer of ( 1978 ) – the soundtrack for the film Grease . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . In 1969 , Farrar married the Australian singer , Pat Carroll – formerly Ms . Newton-Johns singing partner . In July 1970 , Farrar and Carroll relocated to the United Kingdom , and starting in late 1975 , they have resided in the United States . They are the parents of Sam Farrar ( a Phantom Planet bassist and Maroon 5 touring member ) and Max Farrar ( a Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . Biography . John Clifford Farrar was born on 8 November 1945 , and grew up in Moonee Ponds , a suburb of Melbourne . He has an older brother , Reginald , and the family lived in a large household with aunts and uncles . Farrars mother bought him a country music guitar , which he began playing at twelve years old . In 1961 , he began playing in a band , The Jaguars , with his older brother Reg . When he was fifteen , the family relocated to nearby Niddrie . In 1963 , he joined The Mustangs , alongside Johnny Cooper on vocals , Peter Ramis on bass guitar and Billy on drums . In late January 1964 , he joined The Strangers , replacing the founding guitarist Laurie Arthur , and adding another lead vocalist to the group . Other members were Peter Robinson on the bass guitar and lead vocals , Graeme Thompson on drums , and Fred Weiland on guitar and backing vocals . They had formed as an instrumental band in Glenroy in 1961 , working in the Melbourne dance scene . In June 1964 , the band issued its first vocal single , If You Gotta Make a Fool of Someone , which reached the top 30 on the Melbourne charts in July . They became a popular backing and session band . In August 1964 , The Strangers were hired as the house band for the ATV O pop music program , The Go! ! Show . Both Farrars future wife , Pat Carroll , and their close friend , Olivia Newton-John , appeared on The Go! ! Show as singers backed by The Strangers . Carroll and Newton-John formed a vocal duo , Pat and Olivia , and in 1967 , they first toured the United Kingdom , including a gig at the infamous Raymond Revuebar club in Soho . After returning to Australia from a tour , Carroll was obliged to remain since her work visa had expired , while Newton-John was able to stay on due to her British origins . Farrar dated and married Carroll , and following their wedding in 1970 , Carroll ceased to pursue headliner status . She occasionally reprised the duo with Newton-John , and worked as a session singer on Farrars or Newton-Johns work . During 1968 , The Strangers supported the Australian leg of a tour by the British instrumental group , The Shadows . In June 1970 , The Strangers released their most successful hit , Melanie Makes Me Smile , which peaked at No . 14 on the Go-Set National Top 60 in August . In July 1970 , Farrar left The Strangers , and he and Carroll moved to Britain , where he was invited to become a member of Marvin , Welch & Farrar , a vocal harmony group featuring two former members of The Shadows , Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch . By that time , Newton-John and Welch were engaged , and Farrar and Welch became two of her songwriters and producers . Welch and Farrar co-produced and performed on Newton-Johns cover of Bob Dylans track , If Not for You , and the album of the same title released in November 1971 . Farrar also worked with Cliff Richard as a backing guitarist and vocalist . Marvin , Welch & Farrar put out two albums , an eponymous one in 1971 , and Second Opinion ( in both quadraphonic and stereo formats ) in 1972 . In 1973 , a third album featured just Marvin and Farrar . The Shadows reformed soon after , and Farrar joined as second lead guitarist and vocalist . In 1975 , the group represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with Let Me Be the One . In 1973 , Farrar had appeared at the same contest as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Richards entry , Power to All Our Friends ; the following year he backed and produced Newton-John on her effort , Long Live Love . From 1971 to 1976 , various members of The Shadows were employed as session musicians for Newton-Johns early albums , recorded at Londons Abbey Road Studios . Aside from Farrar and Welch , they included Brian Bennett , Alan Hawkshaw , Alan Tarney , Dave Richmond , and Trevor Spencer ; some other session musicians were the fellow Australians Kevin Peek and Terry Britten – both also worked with Richard – and some other musicians . They worked under co-producers Farrar and Welch until midway through Newton-Johns second album , Olivia . Thereafter , Farrar was her main producer . He produced her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . His last production for Newton-John was her album , Warm and Tender in 1989 . In 1974 , Farrar used the vocoder SFX unit on an instrumental track , No , No , Nina , well before Peter Framptons 1975 single , Show Me the Way , which featured the same device for its talk box effect . However , Farrars track was held back from release by EMI until 1997 , when it appeared on the CD album , The Shadows at Abbey Road , containing mostly unreleased material . A vocal version of No , No , Nina appeared on the Specs Appeal album as a Eurovision contender track , but it was voted sixth out of six initial entries . Aside from instrumentation and vocals , Farrar worked as an arranger on The Shadows albums : Rockin with Curly Leads , Specs Appeal , Tasty and Live at the Paris Olympia . Farrars work with Newton-John embraced a wide range of styles , from Youre the One That I Want ( duet with John Travolta ) to Physical . Farrars biggest success with Newton-John as a writer-producer came with the film version of the musical , Grease . In 1977 , during filming , its producers were replacing some of Jim Jacobs and Warren Caseys pieces from the original score and wanted some more commercial songs , including a solo number for Newton-John , so Farrar wrote and submitted two originals , Hopelessly Devoted To You and Youre the One That I Want . Both were accepted ( despite strong reservations from director Randal Kleiser , who believed that the songs didnt fit the style ) , and became two of the soundtracks most successful singles , being international number-one hits during 1978 . In June 2004 , Farrar recalled writing the two songs : Youre the One That I Want : The weird thing was it was the fastest song I ever wrote . It came so fast , the actual melody and the feel of it . Hopelessly Devoted To You : I spent the longest period writing the lyrics of any song Ive ever written . Every thesaurus and every rhyming dictionary I had , just trying to really make it work properly . Other number-one hits for Newton-John that were written and produced by Farrar are Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Dont Stop Believin ( an easy-listening chart-topper from 1976 , not the Journey song of the same name ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . Farrar produced one side of the Xanadu soundtrack for the 1980 film of the same name . The other side featured tracks by Electric Light Orchestra and was produced by their guitarist-vocalist , Jeff Lynne . In March 1981 , Farrar was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song for the song Suspended in Time from Xanadu . In 1995 , Farrar collaborated with Newton-John and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical score of Cliff Richards musical , Heathcliff based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights . Farrar also co-wrote songs for a musical based on the 1959 film , Gidget , which , , was indefinitely postponed . Farrar runs the Moonee Ponds Studio at Sweetwater Road in Malibu . Personal life . Farrar and Carroll are the parents of Sam Farrar ( born 29 June 1978 , Phantom Planet bass guitarist ) and Max Farrar ( Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . , Farrar and Carroll reside in Malibu , California . Instruments . According to AllMusic John Farrar has been credited with : vocals ( lead , backing ) , guitars ( lead , rhythm , bass guitar , acoustic , slide guitar , acoustic slide , electric slide ) , piano ( electric ) , keyboards , mellotron , synthesizer , vocoder , synclavier , mandolin , and horn . Discography . - As a performer - Solo - John Farrar – LP/CD – CBS/See4Miles ( November 1980 ) - With Rainine on My Mind - AUS #90 - John and Mary - Reckless – duet with Olivia Newton-John ( 2009 ) . - The Strangers - Marvin , Welch & Farrar - The Shadows - As a songwriter and/or producer - With Olivia Newton-John - 1971 If Not for You ( co-produced with Bruce Welch ) - 1972 Olivia ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Maybe Then Ill Think Of You ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Let Me Be There ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 Long Live Love ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 If You Love Me , Let Me Know - 1975 Have You Never Been Mellow - 1975 Clearly Love - 1976 Come on Over - 1976 Dont Stop Believin - 1977 Making a Good Thing Better - 1978 A Little More Love - 1978 Hopelessly Devoted To You - 1978 Youre The One That I Want - 1978 Look At Me , Im Sandra Dee ( Reprise ) - 1978 Totally Hot - 1980 Magic - 1980 Suddenly - 1980 Dancin - 1980 Suspended in Time - 1980 Whenever Youre Away from Me - 1981 Physical - 1981 Love Performance - 1982 Heart Attack - 1982 Tied Up - 1985 Soul Kiss - 1989 Warm and Tender - 1992 Not Gonna Be the One - 1995 Be With Me Always - 1998 Closer to Me - 1998 Under My Skin - 2008 Reckless - 2012 Weightless - 2012 I Think You Might Like It - Other production credits - Neil Sedaka – Workin on a Groovy Thing ( 1969 ) ( arranger ) - John Travolta – Sandy ( 1978 ) - The Moirs – State of Shock ( 1978 ) - Cher – I Paralyze ( 1982 ) ( co-produced with David Wolpert ) - Irene Cara – Carasmatic ( 1987 ) - Jack Wagner – Dont Give Up Your Day Job ( 1987 ) Eurovision Song Contest appearances . - 1973 Power to all Our Friends ( backing Cliff Richard ) . - 1974 Long Live Love ( producer to Olivia Newton-John ) - 1975 Let Me Be the One ( member of The Shadows ) . References . - General - Note : Archived [ on-line ] copy has limited functionality . - Specific External links . - John Farrar interview on 88.3 Southern FM - Photographs of The Strangers : - Farrar , second from right , 1965 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at right , 1966 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at left , 1967 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar , second from left , 1969 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015
|
[
"Marvin , Welch & Farrar"
] |
[
{
"text": "John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1945 ) is an Australian music producer , songwriter , arranger , singer , and guitarist . As a musician , Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs ( 1963–64 ) , The Strangers ( 1964–70 ) , Marvin , Welch & Farrar ( 1970–73 ) , and The Shadows ( 1973–76 ) ; in 1980 he released a solo eponymous album . As a songwriter and producer , he worked with Olivia Newton-John from 1971 through 1989 . He wrote her number-one hit singles",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": ": Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Youre the One That I Want ( 1978 duet with John Travolta ) , Hopelessly Devoted to You ( 1978 ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . He also produced the majority of her recorded material during that time including her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . He was a co-producer of ( 1978 ) – the soundtrack for the",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "film Grease .",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . In 1969 , Farrar married the Australian singer , Pat Carroll – formerly Ms . Newton-Johns singing partner . In July 1970 , Farrar and Carroll relocated to the United Kingdom , and starting in late 1975 , they have resided in the United States . They are the parents of Sam Farrar ( a Phantom Planet bassist and Maroon 5 touring member ) and Max Farrar ( a Golden Ghost",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "guitarist and keyboardist ) .",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "John Clifford Farrar was born on 8 November 1945 , and grew up in Moonee Ponds , a suburb of Melbourne . He has an older brother , Reginald , and the family lived in a large household with aunts and uncles . Farrars mother bought him a country music guitar , which he began playing at twelve years old . In 1961 , he began playing in a band , The Jaguars , with his older brother Reg . When he was fifteen , the family relocated to nearby Niddrie . In 1963 , he joined The Mustangs ,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "alongside Johnny Cooper on vocals , Peter Ramis on bass guitar and Billy on drums . In late January 1964 , he joined The Strangers , replacing the founding guitarist Laurie Arthur , and adding another lead vocalist to the group . Other members were Peter Robinson on the bass guitar and lead vocals , Graeme Thompson on drums , and Fred Weiland on guitar and backing vocals . They had formed as an instrumental band in Glenroy in 1961 , working in the Melbourne dance scene . In June 1964 , the band issued its first vocal single ,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "If You Gotta Make a Fool of Someone , which reached the top 30 on the Melbourne charts in July . They became a popular backing and session band .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " In August 1964 , The Strangers were hired as the house band for the ATV O pop music program , The Go! ! Show . Both Farrars future wife , Pat Carroll , and their close friend , Olivia Newton-John , appeared on The Go! ! Show as singers backed by The Strangers . Carroll and Newton-John formed a vocal duo , Pat and Olivia , and in 1967 , they first toured the United Kingdom , including a gig at the infamous Raymond Revuebar club in Soho .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "After returning to Australia from a tour , Carroll was obliged to remain since her work visa had expired , while Newton-John was able to stay on due to her British origins . Farrar dated and married Carroll , and following their wedding in 1970 , Carroll ceased to pursue headliner status . She occasionally reprised the duo with Newton-John , and worked as a session singer on Farrars or Newton-Johns work . During 1968 , The Strangers supported the Australian leg of a tour by the British instrumental group , The Shadows . In June 1970 , The Strangers",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "released their most successful hit , Melanie Makes Me Smile , which peaked at No . 14 on the Go-Set National Top 60 in August .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In July 1970 , Farrar left The Strangers , and he and Carroll moved to Britain , where he was invited to become a member of Marvin , Welch & Farrar , a vocal harmony group featuring two former members of The Shadows , Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch . By that time , Newton-John and Welch were engaged , and Farrar and Welch became two of her songwriters and producers . Welch and Farrar co-produced and performed on Newton-Johns cover of Bob Dylans track , If Not for You , and the album of the same title released in",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "November 1971 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Farrar also worked with Cliff Richard as a backing guitarist and vocalist . Marvin , Welch & Farrar put out two albums , an eponymous one in 1971 , and Second Opinion ( in both quadraphonic and stereo formats ) in 1972 . In 1973 , a third album featured just Marvin and Farrar . The Shadows reformed soon after , and Farrar joined as second lead guitarist and vocalist . In 1975 , the group represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with Let Me Be the One . In 1973 , Farrar had appeared at the same",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "contest as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Richards entry , Power to All Our Friends ; the following year he backed and produced Newton-John on her effort , Long Live Love .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "From 1971 to 1976 , various members of The Shadows were employed as session musicians for Newton-Johns early albums , recorded at Londons Abbey Road Studios . Aside from Farrar and Welch , they included Brian Bennett , Alan Hawkshaw , Alan Tarney , Dave Richmond , and Trevor Spencer ; some other session musicians were the fellow Australians Kevin Peek and Terry Britten – both also worked with Richard – and some other musicians . They worked under co-producers Farrar and Welch until midway through Newton-Johns second album , Olivia . Thereafter , Farrar was her main producer .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He produced her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . His last production for Newton-John was her album , Warm and Tender in 1989 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1974 , Farrar used the vocoder SFX unit on an instrumental track , No , No , Nina , well before Peter Framptons 1975 single , Show Me the Way , which featured the same device for its talk box effect . However , Farrars track was held back from release by EMI until 1997 , when it appeared on the CD album , The Shadows at Abbey Road , containing mostly unreleased material . A vocal version of No , No , Nina appeared on the Specs Appeal album as a Eurovision contender track , but it was",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "voted sixth out of six initial entries . Aside from instrumentation and vocals , Farrar worked as an arranger on The Shadows albums : Rockin with Curly Leads , Specs Appeal , Tasty and Live at the Paris Olympia .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Farrars work with Newton-John embraced a wide range of styles , from Youre the One That I Want ( duet with John Travolta ) to Physical . Farrars biggest success with Newton-John as a writer-producer came with the film version of the musical , Grease . In 1977 , during filming , its producers were replacing some of Jim Jacobs and Warren Caseys pieces from the original score and wanted some more commercial songs , including a solo number for Newton-John , so Farrar wrote and submitted two originals , Hopelessly Devoted To You and Youre the One That I",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Want . Both were accepted ( despite strong reservations from director Randal Kleiser , who believed that the songs didnt fit the style ) , and became two of the soundtracks most successful singles , being international number-one hits during 1978 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In June 2004 , Farrar recalled writing the two songs : Youre the One That I Want : The weird thing was it was the fastest song I ever wrote . It came so fast , the actual melody and the feel of it . Hopelessly Devoted To You : I spent the longest period writing the lyrics of any song Ive ever written . Every thesaurus and every rhyming dictionary I had , just trying to really make it work properly . Other number-one hits for Newton-John that were written and produced by Farrar are Have You Never Been",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Mellow ( 1975 ) , Dont Stop Believin ( an easy-listening chart-topper from 1976 , not the Journey song of the same name ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . Farrar produced one side of the Xanadu soundtrack for the 1980 film of the same name . The other side featured tracks by Electric Light Orchestra and was produced by their guitarist-vocalist , Jeff Lynne . In March 1981 , Farrar was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song for the song Suspended in Time from Xanadu .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " In 1995 , Farrar collaborated with Newton-John and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical score of Cliff Richards musical , Heathcliff based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights . Farrar also co-wrote songs for a musical based on the 1959 film , Gidget , which , , was indefinitely postponed . Farrar runs the Moonee Ponds Studio at Sweetwater Road in Malibu .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Farrar and Carroll are the parents of Sam Farrar ( born 29 June 1978 , Phantom Planet bass guitarist ) and Max Farrar ( Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . , Farrar and Carroll reside in Malibu , California .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " According to AllMusic John Farrar has been credited with : vocals ( lead , backing ) , guitars ( lead , rhythm , bass guitar , acoustic , slide guitar , acoustic slide , electric slide ) , piano ( electric ) , keyboards , mellotron , synthesizer , vocoder , synclavier , mandolin , and horn .",
"title": "Instruments"
},
{
"text": " - As a performer - Solo - John Farrar – LP/CD – CBS/See4Miles ( November 1980 ) - With Rainine on My Mind - AUS #90 - John and Mary - Reckless – duet with Olivia Newton-John ( 2009 ) . - The Strangers - Marvin , Welch & Farrar - The Shadows - As a songwriter and/or producer - With Olivia Newton-John - 1971 If Not for You ( co-produced with Bruce Welch ) - 1972 Olivia ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Maybe Then Ill Think Of You ( co-produced with Welch )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- 1973 Let Me Be There ( co-produced with Welch )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - 1974 Long Live Love ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 If You Love Me , Let Me Know - 1975 Have You Never Been Mellow - 1975 Clearly Love - 1976 Come on Over - 1976 Dont Stop Believin - 1977 Making a Good Thing Better - 1978 A Little More Love - 1978 Hopelessly Devoted To You - 1978 Youre The One That I Want - 1978 Look At Me , Im Sandra Dee ( Reprise ) - 1978 Totally Hot - 1980 Magic - 1980 Suddenly - 1980 Dancin - 1980 Suspended in Time",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- 1980 Whenever Youre Away from Me",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - 1981 Physical - 1981 Love Performance - 1982 Heart Attack - 1982 Tied Up - 1985 Soul Kiss - 1989 Warm and Tender - 1992 Not Gonna Be the One - 1995 Be With Me Always - 1998 Closer to Me - 1998 Under My Skin - 2008 Reckless - 2012 Weightless - 2012 I Think You Might Like It - Other production credits - Neil Sedaka – Workin on a Groovy Thing ( 1969 ) ( arranger ) - John Travolta – Sandy ( 1978 ) - The Moirs – State of Shock ( 1978 )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- Cher – I Paralyze ( 1982 ) ( co-produced with David Wolpert )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - Irene Cara – Carasmatic ( 1987 ) - Jack Wagner – Dont Give Up Your Day Job ( 1987 ) Eurovision Song Contest appearances . - 1973 Power to all Our Friends ( backing Cliff Richard ) . - 1974 Long Live Love ( producer to Olivia Newton-John ) - 1975 Let Me Be the One ( member of The Shadows ) .",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - General - Note : Archived [ on-line ] copy has limited functionality . - Specific",
"title": "References"
},
{
"text": " - John Farrar interview on 88.3 Southern FM - Photographs of The Strangers : - Farrar , second from right , 1965 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at right , 1966 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at left , 1967 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar , second from left , 1969 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Farrar#P463#2
|
John Farrar became a member of what organization or association in 1973?
|
John Farrar John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1945 ) is an Australian music producer , songwriter , arranger , singer , and guitarist . As a musician , Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs ( 1963–64 ) , The Strangers ( 1964–70 ) , Marvin , Welch & Farrar ( 1970–73 ) , and The Shadows ( 1973–76 ) ; in 1980 he released a solo eponymous album . As a songwriter and producer , he worked with Olivia Newton-John from 1971 through 1989 . He wrote her number-one hit singles : Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Youre the One That I Want ( 1978 duet with John Travolta ) , Hopelessly Devoted to You ( 1978 ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . He also produced the majority of her recorded material during that time including her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . He was a co-producer of ( 1978 ) – the soundtrack for the film Grease . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . In 1969 , Farrar married the Australian singer , Pat Carroll – formerly Ms . Newton-Johns singing partner . In July 1970 , Farrar and Carroll relocated to the United Kingdom , and starting in late 1975 , they have resided in the United States . They are the parents of Sam Farrar ( a Phantom Planet bassist and Maroon 5 touring member ) and Max Farrar ( a Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . Biography . John Clifford Farrar was born on 8 November 1945 , and grew up in Moonee Ponds , a suburb of Melbourne . He has an older brother , Reginald , and the family lived in a large household with aunts and uncles . Farrars mother bought him a country music guitar , which he began playing at twelve years old . In 1961 , he began playing in a band , The Jaguars , with his older brother Reg . When he was fifteen , the family relocated to nearby Niddrie . In 1963 , he joined The Mustangs , alongside Johnny Cooper on vocals , Peter Ramis on bass guitar and Billy on drums . In late January 1964 , he joined The Strangers , replacing the founding guitarist Laurie Arthur , and adding another lead vocalist to the group . Other members were Peter Robinson on the bass guitar and lead vocals , Graeme Thompson on drums , and Fred Weiland on guitar and backing vocals . They had formed as an instrumental band in Glenroy in 1961 , working in the Melbourne dance scene . In June 1964 , the band issued its first vocal single , If You Gotta Make a Fool of Someone , which reached the top 30 on the Melbourne charts in July . They became a popular backing and session band . In August 1964 , The Strangers were hired as the house band for the ATV O pop music program , The Go! ! Show . Both Farrars future wife , Pat Carroll , and their close friend , Olivia Newton-John , appeared on The Go! ! Show as singers backed by The Strangers . Carroll and Newton-John formed a vocal duo , Pat and Olivia , and in 1967 , they first toured the United Kingdom , including a gig at the infamous Raymond Revuebar club in Soho . After returning to Australia from a tour , Carroll was obliged to remain since her work visa had expired , while Newton-John was able to stay on due to her British origins . Farrar dated and married Carroll , and following their wedding in 1970 , Carroll ceased to pursue headliner status . She occasionally reprised the duo with Newton-John , and worked as a session singer on Farrars or Newton-Johns work . During 1968 , The Strangers supported the Australian leg of a tour by the British instrumental group , The Shadows . In June 1970 , The Strangers released their most successful hit , Melanie Makes Me Smile , which peaked at No . 14 on the Go-Set National Top 60 in August . In July 1970 , Farrar left The Strangers , and he and Carroll moved to Britain , where he was invited to become a member of Marvin , Welch & Farrar , a vocal harmony group featuring two former members of The Shadows , Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch . By that time , Newton-John and Welch were engaged , and Farrar and Welch became two of her songwriters and producers . Welch and Farrar co-produced and performed on Newton-Johns cover of Bob Dylans track , If Not for You , and the album of the same title released in November 1971 . Farrar also worked with Cliff Richard as a backing guitarist and vocalist . Marvin , Welch & Farrar put out two albums , an eponymous one in 1971 , and Second Opinion ( in both quadraphonic and stereo formats ) in 1972 . In 1973 , a third album featured just Marvin and Farrar . The Shadows reformed soon after , and Farrar joined as second lead guitarist and vocalist . In 1975 , the group represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with Let Me Be the One . In 1973 , Farrar had appeared at the same contest as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Richards entry , Power to All Our Friends ; the following year he backed and produced Newton-John on her effort , Long Live Love . From 1971 to 1976 , various members of The Shadows were employed as session musicians for Newton-Johns early albums , recorded at Londons Abbey Road Studios . Aside from Farrar and Welch , they included Brian Bennett , Alan Hawkshaw , Alan Tarney , Dave Richmond , and Trevor Spencer ; some other session musicians were the fellow Australians Kevin Peek and Terry Britten – both also worked with Richard – and some other musicians . They worked under co-producers Farrar and Welch until midway through Newton-Johns second album , Olivia . Thereafter , Farrar was her main producer . He produced her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . His last production for Newton-John was her album , Warm and Tender in 1989 . In 1974 , Farrar used the vocoder SFX unit on an instrumental track , No , No , Nina , well before Peter Framptons 1975 single , Show Me the Way , which featured the same device for its talk box effect . However , Farrars track was held back from release by EMI until 1997 , when it appeared on the CD album , The Shadows at Abbey Road , containing mostly unreleased material . A vocal version of No , No , Nina appeared on the Specs Appeal album as a Eurovision contender track , but it was voted sixth out of six initial entries . Aside from instrumentation and vocals , Farrar worked as an arranger on The Shadows albums : Rockin with Curly Leads , Specs Appeal , Tasty and Live at the Paris Olympia . Farrars work with Newton-John embraced a wide range of styles , from Youre the One That I Want ( duet with John Travolta ) to Physical . Farrars biggest success with Newton-John as a writer-producer came with the film version of the musical , Grease . In 1977 , during filming , its producers were replacing some of Jim Jacobs and Warren Caseys pieces from the original score and wanted some more commercial songs , including a solo number for Newton-John , so Farrar wrote and submitted two originals , Hopelessly Devoted To You and Youre the One That I Want . Both were accepted ( despite strong reservations from director Randal Kleiser , who believed that the songs didnt fit the style ) , and became two of the soundtracks most successful singles , being international number-one hits during 1978 . In June 2004 , Farrar recalled writing the two songs : Youre the One That I Want : The weird thing was it was the fastest song I ever wrote . It came so fast , the actual melody and the feel of it . Hopelessly Devoted To You : I spent the longest period writing the lyrics of any song Ive ever written . Every thesaurus and every rhyming dictionary I had , just trying to really make it work properly . Other number-one hits for Newton-John that were written and produced by Farrar are Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Dont Stop Believin ( an easy-listening chart-topper from 1976 , not the Journey song of the same name ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . Farrar produced one side of the Xanadu soundtrack for the 1980 film of the same name . The other side featured tracks by Electric Light Orchestra and was produced by their guitarist-vocalist , Jeff Lynne . In March 1981 , Farrar was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song for the song Suspended in Time from Xanadu . In 1995 , Farrar collaborated with Newton-John and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical score of Cliff Richards musical , Heathcliff based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights . Farrar also co-wrote songs for a musical based on the 1959 film , Gidget , which , , was indefinitely postponed . Farrar runs the Moonee Ponds Studio at Sweetwater Road in Malibu . Personal life . Farrar and Carroll are the parents of Sam Farrar ( born 29 June 1978 , Phantom Planet bass guitarist ) and Max Farrar ( Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . , Farrar and Carroll reside in Malibu , California . Instruments . According to AllMusic John Farrar has been credited with : vocals ( lead , backing ) , guitars ( lead , rhythm , bass guitar , acoustic , slide guitar , acoustic slide , electric slide ) , piano ( electric ) , keyboards , mellotron , synthesizer , vocoder , synclavier , mandolin , and horn . Discography . - As a performer - Solo - John Farrar – LP/CD – CBS/See4Miles ( November 1980 ) - With Rainine on My Mind - AUS #90 - John and Mary - Reckless – duet with Olivia Newton-John ( 2009 ) . - The Strangers - Marvin , Welch & Farrar - The Shadows - As a songwriter and/or producer - With Olivia Newton-John - 1971 If Not for You ( co-produced with Bruce Welch ) - 1972 Olivia ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Maybe Then Ill Think Of You ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Let Me Be There ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 Long Live Love ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 If You Love Me , Let Me Know - 1975 Have You Never Been Mellow - 1975 Clearly Love - 1976 Come on Over - 1976 Dont Stop Believin - 1977 Making a Good Thing Better - 1978 A Little More Love - 1978 Hopelessly Devoted To You - 1978 Youre The One That I Want - 1978 Look At Me , Im Sandra Dee ( Reprise ) - 1978 Totally Hot - 1980 Magic - 1980 Suddenly - 1980 Dancin - 1980 Suspended in Time - 1980 Whenever Youre Away from Me - 1981 Physical - 1981 Love Performance - 1982 Heart Attack - 1982 Tied Up - 1985 Soul Kiss - 1989 Warm and Tender - 1992 Not Gonna Be the One - 1995 Be With Me Always - 1998 Closer to Me - 1998 Under My Skin - 2008 Reckless - 2012 Weightless - 2012 I Think You Might Like It - Other production credits - Neil Sedaka – Workin on a Groovy Thing ( 1969 ) ( arranger ) - John Travolta – Sandy ( 1978 ) - The Moirs – State of Shock ( 1978 ) - Cher – I Paralyze ( 1982 ) ( co-produced with David Wolpert ) - Irene Cara – Carasmatic ( 1987 ) - Jack Wagner – Dont Give Up Your Day Job ( 1987 ) Eurovision Song Contest appearances . - 1973 Power to all Our Friends ( backing Cliff Richard ) . - 1974 Long Live Love ( producer to Olivia Newton-John ) - 1975 Let Me Be the One ( member of The Shadows ) . References . - General - Note : Archived [ on-line ] copy has limited functionality . - Specific External links . - John Farrar interview on 88.3 Southern FM - Photographs of The Strangers : - Farrar , second from right , 1965 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at right , 1966 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at left , 1967 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar , second from left , 1969 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015
|
[
"The Shadows"
] |
[
{
"text": "John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1945 ) is an Australian music producer , songwriter , arranger , singer , and guitarist . As a musician , Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs ( 1963–64 ) , The Strangers ( 1964–70 ) , Marvin , Welch & Farrar ( 1970–73 ) , and The Shadows ( 1973–76 ) ; in 1980 he released a solo eponymous album . As a songwriter and producer , he worked with Olivia Newton-John from 1971 through 1989 . He wrote her number-one hit singles",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": ": Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , Youre the One That I Want ( 1978 duet with John Travolta ) , Hopelessly Devoted to You ( 1978 ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . He also produced the majority of her recorded material during that time including her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . He was a co-producer of ( 1978 ) – the soundtrack for the",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "film Grease .",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . In 1969 , Farrar married the Australian singer , Pat Carroll – formerly Ms . Newton-Johns singing partner . In July 1970 , Farrar and Carroll relocated to the United Kingdom , and starting in late 1975 , they have resided in the United States . They are the parents of Sam Farrar ( a Phantom Planet bassist and Maroon 5 touring member ) and Max Farrar ( a Golden Ghost",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "guitarist and keyboardist ) .",
"title": "John Farrar"
},
{
"text": "John Clifford Farrar was born on 8 November 1945 , and grew up in Moonee Ponds , a suburb of Melbourne . He has an older brother , Reginald , and the family lived in a large household with aunts and uncles . Farrars mother bought him a country music guitar , which he began playing at twelve years old . In 1961 , he began playing in a band , The Jaguars , with his older brother Reg . When he was fifteen , the family relocated to nearby Niddrie . In 1963 , he joined The Mustangs ,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "alongside Johnny Cooper on vocals , Peter Ramis on bass guitar and Billy on drums . In late January 1964 , he joined The Strangers , replacing the founding guitarist Laurie Arthur , and adding another lead vocalist to the group . Other members were Peter Robinson on the bass guitar and lead vocals , Graeme Thompson on drums , and Fred Weiland on guitar and backing vocals . They had formed as an instrumental band in Glenroy in 1961 , working in the Melbourne dance scene . In June 1964 , the band issued its first vocal single ,",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "If You Gotta Make a Fool of Someone , which reached the top 30 on the Melbourne charts in July . They became a popular backing and session band .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " In August 1964 , The Strangers were hired as the house band for the ATV O pop music program , The Go! ! Show . Both Farrars future wife , Pat Carroll , and their close friend , Olivia Newton-John , appeared on The Go! ! Show as singers backed by The Strangers . Carroll and Newton-John formed a vocal duo , Pat and Olivia , and in 1967 , they first toured the United Kingdom , including a gig at the infamous Raymond Revuebar club in Soho .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "After returning to Australia from a tour , Carroll was obliged to remain since her work visa had expired , while Newton-John was able to stay on due to her British origins . Farrar dated and married Carroll , and following their wedding in 1970 , Carroll ceased to pursue headliner status . She occasionally reprised the duo with Newton-John , and worked as a session singer on Farrars or Newton-Johns work . During 1968 , The Strangers supported the Australian leg of a tour by the British instrumental group , The Shadows . In June 1970 , The Strangers",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "released their most successful hit , Melanie Makes Me Smile , which peaked at No . 14 on the Go-Set National Top 60 in August .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In July 1970 , Farrar left The Strangers , and he and Carroll moved to Britain , where he was invited to become a member of Marvin , Welch & Farrar , a vocal harmony group featuring two former members of The Shadows , Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch . By that time , Newton-John and Welch were engaged , and Farrar and Welch became two of her songwriters and producers . Welch and Farrar co-produced and performed on Newton-Johns cover of Bob Dylans track , If Not for You , and the album of the same title released in",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "November 1971 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Farrar also worked with Cliff Richard as a backing guitarist and vocalist . Marvin , Welch & Farrar put out two albums , an eponymous one in 1971 , and Second Opinion ( in both quadraphonic and stereo formats ) in 1972 . In 1973 , a third album featured just Marvin and Farrar . The Shadows reformed soon after , and Farrar joined as second lead guitarist and vocalist . In 1975 , the group represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest with Let Me Be the One . In 1973 , Farrar had appeared at the same",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "contest as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Richards entry , Power to All Our Friends ; the following year he backed and produced Newton-John on her effort , Long Live Love .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "From 1971 to 1976 , various members of The Shadows were employed as session musicians for Newton-Johns early albums , recorded at Londons Abbey Road Studios . Aside from Farrar and Welch , they included Brian Bennett , Alan Hawkshaw , Alan Tarney , Dave Richmond , and Trevor Spencer ; some other session musicians were the fellow Australians Kevin Peek and Terry Britten – both also worked with Richard – and some other musicians . They worked under co-producers Farrar and Welch until midway through Newton-Johns second album , Olivia . Thereafter , Farrar was her main producer .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He produced her number-one albums , If You Love Me , Let Me Know ( 1974 ) , Have You Never Been Mellow ( 1975 ) , and Olivias Greatest Hits Vol . 2 ( 1982 ) . Farrar also produced Newton-Johns first American number-one hit single , I Honestly Love You , which was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1975 . His last production for Newton-John was her album , Warm and Tender in 1989 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1974 , Farrar used the vocoder SFX unit on an instrumental track , No , No , Nina , well before Peter Framptons 1975 single , Show Me the Way , which featured the same device for its talk box effect . However , Farrars track was held back from release by EMI until 1997 , when it appeared on the CD album , The Shadows at Abbey Road , containing mostly unreleased material . A vocal version of No , No , Nina appeared on the Specs Appeal album as a Eurovision contender track , but it was",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "voted sixth out of six initial entries . Aside from instrumentation and vocals , Farrar worked as an arranger on The Shadows albums : Rockin with Curly Leads , Specs Appeal , Tasty and Live at the Paris Olympia .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Farrars work with Newton-John embraced a wide range of styles , from Youre the One That I Want ( duet with John Travolta ) to Physical . Farrars biggest success with Newton-John as a writer-producer came with the film version of the musical , Grease . In 1977 , during filming , its producers were replacing some of Jim Jacobs and Warren Caseys pieces from the original score and wanted some more commercial songs , including a solo number for Newton-John , so Farrar wrote and submitted two originals , Hopelessly Devoted To You and Youre the One That I",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Want . Both were accepted ( despite strong reservations from director Randal Kleiser , who believed that the songs didnt fit the style ) , and became two of the soundtracks most successful singles , being international number-one hits during 1978 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In June 2004 , Farrar recalled writing the two songs : Youre the One That I Want : The weird thing was it was the fastest song I ever wrote . It came so fast , the actual melody and the feel of it . Hopelessly Devoted To You : I spent the longest period writing the lyrics of any song Ive ever written . Every thesaurus and every rhyming dictionary I had , just trying to really make it work properly . Other number-one hits for Newton-John that were written and produced by Farrar are Have You Never Been",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Mellow ( 1975 ) , Dont Stop Believin ( an easy-listening chart-topper from 1976 , not the Journey song of the same name ) , and Magic ( 1980 ) . Farrar produced one side of the Xanadu soundtrack for the 1980 film of the same name . The other side featured tracks by Electric Light Orchestra and was produced by their guitarist-vocalist , Jeff Lynne . In March 1981 , Farrar was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song for the song Suspended in Time from Xanadu .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " In 1995 , Farrar collaborated with Newton-John and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical score of Cliff Richards musical , Heathcliff based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights . Farrar also co-wrote songs for a musical based on the 1959 film , Gidget , which , , was indefinitely postponed . Farrar runs the Moonee Ponds Studio at Sweetwater Road in Malibu .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Farrar and Carroll are the parents of Sam Farrar ( born 29 June 1978 , Phantom Planet bass guitarist ) and Max Farrar ( Golden Ghost guitarist and keyboardist ) . , Farrar and Carroll reside in Malibu , California .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " According to AllMusic John Farrar has been credited with : vocals ( lead , backing ) , guitars ( lead , rhythm , bass guitar , acoustic , slide guitar , acoustic slide , electric slide ) , piano ( electric ) , keyboards , mellotron , synthesizer , vocoder , synclavier , mandolin , and horn .",
"title": "Instruments"
},
{
"text": " - As a performer - Solo - John Farrar – LP/CD – CBS/See4Miles ( November 1980 ) - With Rainine on My Mind - AUS #90 - John and Mary - Reckless – duet with Olivia Newton-John ( 2009 ) . - The Strangers - Marvin , Welch & Farrar - The Shadows - As a songwriter and/or producer - With Olivia Newton-John - 1971 If Not for You ( co-produced with Bruce Welch ) - 1972 Olivia ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1973 Maybe Then Ill Think Of You ( co-produced with Welch )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- 1973 Let Me Be There ( co-produced with Welch )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - 1974 Long Live Love ( co-produced with Welch ) - 1974 If You Love Me , Let Me Know - 1975 Have You Never Been Mellow - 1975 Clearly Love - 1976 Come on Over - 1976 Dont Stop Believin - 1977 Making a Good Thing Better - 1978 A Little More Love - 1978 Hopelessly Devoted To You - 1978 Youre The One That I Want - 1978 Look At Me , Im Sandra Dee ( Reprise ) - 1978 Totally Hot - 1980 Magic - 1980 Suddenly - 1980 Dancin - 1980 Suspended in Time",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- 1980 Whenever Youre Away from Me",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - 1981 Physical - 1981 Love Performance - 1982 Heart Attack - 1982 Tied Up - 1985 Soul Kiss - 1989 Warm and Tender - 1992 Not Gonna Be the One - 1995 Be With Me Always - 1998 Closer to Me - 1998 Under My Skin - 2008 Reckless - 2012 Weightless - 2012 I Think You Might Like It - Other production credits - Neil Sedaka – Workin on a Groovy Thing ( 1969 ) ( arranger ) - John Travolta – Sandy ( 1978 ) - The Moirs – State of Shock ( 1978 )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": "- Cher – I Paralyze ( 1982 ) ( co-produced with David Wolpert )",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - Irene Cara – Carasmatic ( 1987 ) - Jack Wagner – Dont Give Up Your Day Job ( 1987 ) Eurovision Song Contest appearances . - 1973 Power to all Our Friends ( backing Cliff Richard ) . - 1974 Long Live Love ( producer to Olivia Newton-John ) - 1975 Let Me Be the One ( member of The Shadows ) .",
"title": "Discography"
},
{
"text": " - General - Note : Archived [ on-line ] copy has limited functionality . - Specific",
"title": "References"
},
{
"text": " - John Farrar interview on 88.3 Southern FM - Photographs of The Strangers : - Farrar , second from right , 1965 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at right , 1966 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar at left , 1967 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015 - Farrar , second from left , 1969 State Library Victoria , accessed 23 March 2015",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#0
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold before Jul 2007?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#1
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold in Mar 2010?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#2
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold in Apr 2010?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#3
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold between Feb 2011 and Jul 2011?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#4
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold between Nov 2014 and Dec 2014?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Shadow Minister for Media"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#5
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold in Mar 2015?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#6
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold between Feb 2016 and May 2016?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Helen_Goodman#P39#7
|
Which position did Helen Goodman hold in Jul 2018?
|
Helen Goodman Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East . Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford . Career before Parliament . Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution . In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war . Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty . From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre . Parliamentary career . Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 . She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms . After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy . In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 . In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany . Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign . In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017 In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans . Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short . In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party . In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal . In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake . She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.” Ingleton speech controversy . In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years . During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake . Personal life . Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children . External links . - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman
|
[
"Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland"
] |
[
{
"text": "Helen Catherine Goodman ( born 2 January 1958 ) is a former British Labour Party politician , who was the Member of Parliament for Bishop Auckland between 2005 and 2019 . Since 2020 she has been an associate Fellow at Durham University and a member of the advisory board of Durham Energy Institute - working with them on geothermal research . During a Parliamentary career spanning 14 years , she held a number of ministerial and shadow ministerial roles , including Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Work and",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": "Pensions until 2010 with responsibility for child poverty and childcare and shadow Minister for the Americas and the Far East .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Early life and Education . Goodmans mother was a Danish immigrant and her father was an architect . Born in Nottingham , she grew up in Derbyshire and was educated at her village school and Lady Manners School , Bakewell , Derbyshire , which at the time was a Grammar School . She studied PPE at Somerville College , Oxford .",
"title": "Helen Goodman"
},
{
"text": " Upon graduating from the University of Oxford , she worked as a researcher for the Labour MP Phillip Whitehead . She worked in HM Treasury as a fast stream administrator holding many posts including on the Energy Desk , the Exchange Rate Desk , Central Budget Unit , Overseas Finance . In 1990–91 , she was seconded to the Office of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister to advise on their economic transition after the Velvet Revolution .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "In 1992 , she negotiated an agreement within the OECD to end government subsidies on arms exports to highly indebted countries . This was in the wake of the Scott inquiry into the first Iraq war .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman also oversaw the establishment of the Home Energy Efficiency Scheme in 1990 , the first major Government programme to tackle energy efficiency and fuel poverty .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "From 1997 , she was the director of the Commission on the Future for MultiEthnic Britain ( sponsored by the Runnymede Trust ) . She was appointed the Head of Strategy at The Childrens Society in 1998 , where she was involved in lobbying on policies to cut child poverty . From 2002 until her election to the House of Commons , she was Chief Executive of the National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries which supported 1,000 projects across Great Britain . She is a member of the GMB Union and the Christian Socialist Movement , Amnesty International and",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": "Friends of the Earth . She has published numerous articles including in the Political Quarterly and Foreign Policy Centre .",
"title": "Career before Parliament"
},
{
"text": " Goodman was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the County Durham seat of Bishop Auckland at the 2005 general election through an All-Women Shortlist , following the retirement of the veteran Labour MP Derek Foster . Goodman held the seat with a majority of 10,047 votes and made her maiden speech in the Commons on 25 May 2005 . She was re-elected in 2010 , 2015 and 2017 but with dwindling majorities of 5218 , 3508 and 502 respectively . In 2019 Goodman lost the seat to the Conservative candidate Dehenna Davison whose majority was 7962 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "She was a member of the Public Accounts Committee from May 2005 to April 2007 before becoming a Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Ministry of Justice . In June 2007 , she was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons , before being made a whip in October 2008 . She left this role in June 2009 to become a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions . In this role , she steered the Child Poverty Act onto the statute book , alongside Stephen Timms .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " After the 2010 general election , Goodman nominated Ed Miliband for the leadership of the Labour Party . After his election as party leader , she was appointed as opposition spokesman in Labours Justice team with special responsibility for Prisons and Sentencing policy . In October 2011 , she became Shadow Minister for Media . In this role she has campaigned for better child protection online . In October 2013 , she was also given responsibility for Labours Arts policy .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In 2010 , she ran a successful campaign in conjunction with The Northern Echo to save the Zurbarán paintings at Auckland Castle when the Commissioners of the Church of England threatened to sell them . In February 2013 , appalled at the impact of the bedroom tax on her constituents , she tried to live for a week on £18 .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2011 , Helen led Labours response to the Legal Aid , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill . On 3 December 2014 , she became Shadow Minister for Welfare Reform as part of a small Shadow Cabinet reshuffle by Ed Miliband . Since February 2016 , Goodman has also served as a member of the Advisory Board at Polar Research and Policy Initiative . From 9 June 2016 to 12 June 2016 she attended the 64th annual Bilderberg Conference in Dresden , Germany .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "Goodman supported Remain in the June 2016 EU referendum campaign , and during the December 2019 General Election was endorsed by the Peoples Vote Campaign .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2017 , she took part in a campaign to save the DWP office in Bishop Auckland from closure . She raised questions in Parliament regarding the proposed office closure and took part in a match and Rally opposing the closure on 18 March 2017",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In July 2017 , Goodman was appointed as a junior spokesperson for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs under Shadow Foreign Secretary , Emily Thornberry , with responsibility for the Americas and the Far East . In May 2018 , she successfully led Labours attempt to secure Magnitsky Clauses in the Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Bill during its Committee Stage and was instrumental in a cross-party initiative that secured an amendment to the Bill requiring public registers of beneficial ownership in the Overseas Territories . Other work included developing Labours policy on the crisis in Hong Kong in 2019 , visiting Colombia",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "in May 2019 to meet various stakeholders involved in the implementation of Colombias faltering peace process and frequently pressing the UK Government to act on a number of human rights issues including the treatment of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang , the Rohingya refugee crisis and the rights of West Papuans .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " Alongside veteran MP Ken Clarke , Goodman first developed the concept of holding indicative votes in Parliament to resolve the Brexit deadlock . In March 2019 , during the indicative votes held by MPs to decide which version of Brexit that they supported , Goodman again worked closely with Ken Clarke to secure support for the option to remain with the EU Customs Union . The Customs Union option came closest to securing an overall majority out of all the other options , falling three votes short .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In October 2019 , Goodman was again selected by her local party as Bishop Auckland constituencys Parliamentary Labour candidate . During the December 2019 General Election , Bishop Auckland was one of the 59 constituencies lost by the Labour Party .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In 2021 local elections , Goodman stood as a counciller for West Auckland ward where she was beaten in to fourth place by Conservative candidates Mark Roberts and Declan Gilroy and Labour candidate Rob Yorke . 2009 expenses scandal .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2009 , The Daily Telegraph revealed that Goodman had claimed £519.31 for use of a cottage in her own constituency on her expenses , and had submitted hotel bills dated two months prior to being elected to the House of Commons . Goodman argued that she was carrying out Parliamentary business when using the cottage and thus her claim was accepted , and the claim for the hotel stay – which was rejected – was a mistake .",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " She also claimed a £600 fee for advice from her management consultant husband . Goodman pointed out that the independent inquiry by Thomas Legg into MPs expenses had given her an entirely clean bill of health and concluded that none of my claims required further explanation or clarification.”",
"title": "Parliamentary career"
},
{
"text": " In June 2014 , Goodman was invited to give a speech at the opening of a village fayre at Ingleton , County Durham , in the parliamentary constituency which she had represented for nine years .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": "During her speech , she praised the village for the beauty of its waterfalls and caves and for its connection with the author , Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . None of these features applied to the County Durham village , but were , in fact , references to the village of Ingleton , situated seventy miles away in North Yorkshire . The speech reportedly baffled the audience and after five minutes she was called away from the microphone and informed of her mistake .",
"title": "Ingleton speech controversy"
},
{
"text": " Goodman is married to Charles Seaford , a Senior Fellow at Demos . The couple have two children .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Helen Goodman MP - BBC Politics page - Articles written for The Guardian by Helen Goodman",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Ernst_Strasser#P39#0
|
Ernst Strasser took which position before Aug 1998?
|
Ernst Strasser Ernst Strasser ( * 29 April 1956 in Grieskirchen , Upper Austria ) is a former Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior in Austria ( 2000–2004 ) , Member of the European Parliament ( 2009–2011 ) and bearer of the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash . Since 2014 , he works as an Entrepreneur in the Mergers and acquisitions sector and is also a hotel owner . Personal life . Ernst Strasser was born in 1956 as the son of farmers in Upper Austria . After the elementary school in Grieskirchen , he attended the Bundesgymnasium und Sportrealgymnasium HIB Saalfelden and later the upper school in BORG Grieskirchen , where he graduated in 1975 as a school spokesman . Between 1971 and 1975 , he was involved in Catholic youth organisations in Grieskirchen . Ernst Strasser studied Jurisprudence at the University of Salzburg between 1975 and 1980 and graduated there to the Doctor of Laws in 1981 . During his studies he was a member of the main committee of the students union at the University of Salzburg as well as social referent of the same organisation . From 1980 to 1981 he did community service as an alternative to military service . In 1998 , Ernst Strasser was elected President of Hilfswerk Österreich , the largest health care aid organisation in Lower Austria , that provides help for children and adolescents with more than 4000 employees and over 20000 clients . The focus of his term until 2011 was the relocation of the state office in the government district to St . Pölten , the establishment of home service , the establishment of the visit service for older citizens , the opening of the first company kindergarten in Lower Austria , the launch of the Lower Austrian womens telephone as well as the consolidation and securing of financing of the organisation . Ernst Strasser is married with Elisabeth Strasser , who brought two children into the marriage . The couple lives in Vienna and Bad Ischl . Professional career . After completing his military service , Ernst Strasser began his career as a secretary of the Austrian Farmers Association under the former director Josef Riegler . Then he moved to the legal department of the Upper Austrian Farmers Union , where he took over the position of a Federal Minister two years later . After the election of Josef Riegler to the leader of the Austrian Peoples Party , Ernst Strasser followed him and worked as an office manager of the chairman until 1990 . From 1990 to 1991 he was head of strategic planning of Umdasch AG in Amstetten and then from 1991 to 1992 managing director of Shop Concept-Mittelraum ( Umdasch AG ) in Heidelberg . After his retirement as a minister , Ernst Strasser was appointed to the advisory board of the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei . Between 2005 and 2008 Strasser was Managing Partner at VCP Energy Holdings , a subsidiary of Vienna Capital Partners . and from 2006 to 2014 he was Managing Partner at GP-Beteiligungs- und Verwaltung GesmbH . Until March 2011 , Ernst Strasser was also a member of the supervisory board of WESTbahn and G4S . In addition , he has been an authorized representative of SCCB Consulting & Coaching GesmbH since 2016 . In May 2019 , Ernst Strasser took over the hotel Hubertushof in Bad Ischl . Political functions & mandates . From 1983 to 1985 Ernst Strasser was member of the municipal council of Grieskirchen . Between 1993 and 2000 he was member of the Landtag of Lower Austria and also chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria . Between June 2003 and December 2004 , Strasser was member of the Österreich Konvent . From July 2009 to March 2011 Ernst Strasser was head of delegation of the Austrian Peoples Party in the European Parliament . In addition he was representative of Lower Austria on the ORF Board of Trustees . Strasser has also been the president of the Austro-Russian Friendship Society ( Österreichisch-Russische Freundschaftsgesellschaft ) since 2003 . From December 2002 to April 2003 Ernst Strasser was member of the National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party . He was Federal Minister of the Interior of Austria between 2000 and 2004 . He led his party in the 2009 European Parliament election . He was a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2011 . He was sentenced to 4 years jail as consequence of the 2011 cash for laws scandal . Lobbying . Der Standard newspapers investigations in Ernst Strasser found that Strasser has many business holdings and listed some of these activities . Strasser founded Consulting , Coaching & Educating-GesmbH ( CCE ) in 2005 . It is a one-man company 100% owned by Strasser . For the first two years , the CCE recorded a profit of around 380,000 euros . When the newspaper studied the holdings in May 2009 , more recent data was missing from the commercial register . The company owns stakes in various other companies . One company , Business Consulting & Development GmbH , is said to have imported olive oil from Syria . Another company had links to Hungarian bribery investigations . Strassers CCE owns stakes in Russland-Connection Anteile as well as Firmen Advisory Partners ( registered in Innsbruck ) , Konti Holding ( registered in Wien ) and Expert Management Beratung Russia ( registered in Vienna ) . On 20 March 2011 , Britains Sunday Times reported that three MEPs , including Austrias Ernst Strasser , had accepted offers of up to 100,000 euros ( $141,000 ) per year in exchange for proposing amendments in the EU parliament . Austrian vice-chancellor and ÖVP leader Josef Pröll had called for the deputys immediate resignation from all political posts , describing his behaviour as unacceptable . After initially fighting the claims , Strasser announced his resignation on Sunday , noting : I have decided to take this step because there has been a campaign against me in Austria and this was damaging the Peoples Party . On 14 January 2013 , Strasser was sentenced to 4 years jail . Honours and achievements . - 2002 Order of St . Gregory the Great - 2003 Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash
|
[
"member of the Landtag of Lower Austria",
"chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria"
] |
[
{
"text": " Ernst Strasser ( * 29 April 1956 in Grieskirchen , Upper Austria ) is a former Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior in Austria ( 2000–2004 ) , Member of the European Parliament ( 2009–2011 ) and bearer of the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash . Since 2014 , he works as an Entrepreneur in the Mergers and acquisitions sector and is also a hotel owner .",
"title": "Ernst Strasser"
},
{
"text": "Ernst Strasser was born in 1956 as the son of farmers in Upper Austria . After the elementary school in Grieskirchen , he attended the Bundesgymnasium und Sportrealgymnasium HIB Saalfelden and later the upper school in BORG Grieskirchen , where he graduated in 1975 as a school spokesman . Between 1971 and 1975 , he was involved in Catholic youth organisations in Grieskirchen . Ernst Strasser studied Jurisprudence at the University of Salzburg between 1975 and 1980 and graduated there to the Doctor of Laws in 1981 . During his studies he was a member of the main committee of",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "the students union at the University of Salzburg as well as social referent of the same organisation . From 1980 to 1981 he did community service as an alternative to military service .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Ernst Strasser was elected President of Hilfswerk Österreich , the largest health care aid organisation in Lower Austria , that provides help for children and adolescents with more than 4000 employees and over 20000 clients . The focus of his term until 2011 was the relocation of the state office in the government district to St . Pölten , the establishment of home service , the establishment of the visit service for older citizens , the opening of the first company kindergarten in Lower Austria , the launch of the Lower Austrian womens telephone as well as",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "the consolidation and securing of financing of the organisation .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Ernst Strasser is married with Elisabeth Strasser , who brought two children into the marriage . The couple lives in Vienna and Bad Ischl .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " After completing his military service , Ernst Strasser began his career as a secretary of the Austrian Farmers Association under the former director Josef Riegler . Then he moved to the legal department of the Upper Austrian Farmers Union , where he took over the position of a Federal Minister two years later . After the election of Josef Riegler to the leader of the Austrian Peoples Party , Ernst Strasser followed him and worked as an office manager of the chairman until 1990 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "From 1990 to 1991 he was head of strategic planning of Umdasch AG in Amstetten and then from 1991 to 1992 managing director of Shop Concept-Mittelraum ( Umdasch AG ) in Heidelberg .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " After his retirement as a minister , Ernst Strasser was appointed to the advisory board of the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei . Between 2005 and 2008 Strasser was Managing Partner at VCP Energy Holdings , a subsidiary of Vienna Capital Partners . and from 2006 to 2014 he was Managing Partner at GP-Beteiligungs- und Verwaltung GesmbH . Until March 2011 , Ernst Strasser was also a member of the supervisory board of WESTbahn and G4S . In addition , he has been an authorized representative of SCCB Consulting & Coaching GesmbH since 2016 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2019 , Ernst Strasser took over the hotel Hubertushof in Bad Ischl .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " Political functions & mandates . From 1983 to 1985 Ernst Strasser was member of the municipal council of Grieskirchen . Between 1993 and 2000 he was member of the Landtag of Lower Austria and also chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria . Between June 2003 and December 2004 , Strasser was member of the Österreich Konvent . From July 2009 to March 2011 Ernst Strasser was head of delegation of the Austrian Peoples Party in the European Parliament .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "In addition he was representative of Lower Austria on the ORF Board of Trustees . Strasser has also been the president of the Austro-Russian Friendship Society ( Österreichisch-Russische Freundschaftsgesellschaft ) since 2003 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " From December 2002 to April 2003 Ernst Strasser was member of the National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party . He was Federal Minister of the Interior of Austria between 2000 and 2004 . He led his party in the 2009 European Parliament election . He was a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2011 . He was sentenced to 4 years jail as consequence of the 2011 cash for laws scandal .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " Der Standard newspapers investigations in Ernst Strasser found that Strasser has many business holdings and listed some of these activities . Strasser founded Consulting , Coaching & Educating-GesmbH ( CCE ) in 2005 . It is a one-man company 100% owned by Strasser . For the first two years , the CCE recorded a profit of around 380,000 euros . When the newspaper studied the holdings in May 2009 , more recent data was missing from the commercial register . The company owns stakes in various other companies .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": "One company , Business Consulting & Development GmbH , is said to have imported olive oil from Syria . Another company had links to Hungarian bribery investigations .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": " Strassers CCE owns stakes in Russland-Connection Anteile as well as Firmen Advisory Partners ( registered in Innsbruck ) , Konti Holding ( registered in Wien ) and Expert Management Beratung Russia ( registered in Vienna ) . On 20 March 2011 , Britains Sunday Times reported that three MEPs , including Austrias Ernst Strasser , had accepted offers of up to 100,000 euros ( $141,000 ) per year in exchange for proposing amendments in the EU parliament .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": "Austrian vice-chancellor and ÖVP leader Josef Pröll had called for the deputys immediate resignation from all political posts , describing his behaviour as unacceptable . After initially fighting the claims , Strasser announced his resignation on Sunday , noting : I have decided to take this step because there has been a campaign against me in Austria and this was damaging the Peoples Party .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": " - 2002 Order of St . Gregory the Great - 2003 Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash",
"title": "Honours and achievements"
}
] |
/wiki/Ernst_Strasser#P39#1
|
Ernst Strasser took which position between Jan 2003 and Feb 2003?
|
Ernst Strasser Ernst Strasser ( * 29 April 1956 in Grieskirchen , Upper Austria ) is a former Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior in Austria ( 2000–2004 ) , Member of the European Parliament ( 2009–2011 ) and bearer of the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash . Since 2014 , he works as an Entrepreneur in the Mergers and acquisitions sector and is also a hotel owner . Personal life . Ernst Strasser was born in 1956 as the son of farmers in Upper Austria . After the elementary school in Grieskirchen , he attended the Bundesgymnasium und Sportrealgymnasium HIB Saalfelden and later the upper school in BORG Grieskirchen , where he graduated in 1975 as a school spokesman . Between 1971 and 1975 , he was involved in Catholic youth organisations in Grieskirchen . Ernst Strasser studied Jurisprudence at the University of Salzburg between 1975 and 1980 and graduated there to the Doctor of Laws in 1981 . During his studies he was a member of the main committee of the students union at the University of Salzburg as well as social referent of the same organisation . From 1980 to 1981 he did community service as an alternative to military service . In 1998 , Ernst Strasser was elected President of Hilfswerk Österreich , the largest health care aid organisation in Lower Austria , that provides help for children and adolescents with more than 4000 employees and over 20000 clients . The focus of his term until 2011 was the relocation of the state office in the government district to St . Pölten , the establishment of home service , the establishment of the visit service for older citizens , the opening of the first company kindergarten in Lower Austria , the launch of the Lower Austrian womens telephone as well as the consolidation and securing of financing of the organisation . Ernst Strasser is married with Elisabeth Strasser , who brought two children into the marriage . The couple lives in Vienna and Bad Ischl . Professional career . After completing his military service , Ernst Strasser began his career as a secretary of the Austrian Farmers Association under the former director Josef Riegler . Then he moved to the legal department of the Upper Austrian Farmers Union , where he took over the position of a Federal Minister two years later . After the election of Josef Riegler to the leader of the Austrian Peoples Party , Ernst Strasser followed him and worked as an office manager of the chairman until 1990 . From 1990 to 1991 he was head of strategic planning of Umdasch AG in Amstetten and then from 1991 to 1992 managing director of Shop Concept-Mittelraum ( Umdasch AG ) in Heidelberg . After his retirement as a minister , Ernst Strasser was appointed to the advisory board of the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei . Between 2005 and 2008 Strasser was Managing Partner at VCP Energy Holdings , a subsidiary of Vienna Capital Partners . and from 2006 to 2014 he was Managing Partner at GP-Beteiligungs- und Verwaltung GesmbH . Until March 2011 , Ernst Strasser was also a member of the supervisory board of WESTbahn and G4S . In addition , he has been an authorized representative of SCCB Consulting & Coaching GesmbH since 2016 . In May 2019 , Ernst Strasser took over the hotel Hubertushof in Bad Ischl . Political functions & mandates . From 1983 to 1985 Ernst Strasser was member of the municipal council of Grieskirchen . Between 1993 and 2000 he was member of the Landtag of Lower Austria and also chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria . Between June 2003 and December 2004 , Strasser was member of the Österreich Konvent . From July 2009 to March 2011 Ernst Strasser was head of delegation of the Austrian Peoples Party in the European Parliament . In addition he was representative of Lower Austria on the ORF Board of Trustees . Strasser has also been the president of the Austro-Russian Friendship Society ( Österreichisch-Russische Freundschaftsgesellschaft ) since 2003 . From December 2002 to April 2003 Ernst Strasser was member of the National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party . He was Federal Minister of the Interior of Austria between 2000 and 2004 . He led his party in the 2009 European Parliament election . He was a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2011 . He was sentenced to 4 years jail as consequence of the 2011 cash for laws scandal . Lobbying . Der Standard newspapers investigations in Ernst Strasser found that Strasser has many business holdings and listed some of these activities . Strasser founded Consulting , Coaching & Educating-GesmbH ( CCE ) in 2005 . It is a one-man company 100% owned by Strasser . For the first two years , the CCE recorded a profit of around 380,000 euros . When the newspaper studied the holdings in May 2009 , more recent data was missing from the commercial register . The company owns stakes in various other companies . One company , Business Consulting & Development GmbH , is said to have imported olive oil from Syria . Another company had links to Hungarian bribery investigations . Strassers CCE owns stakes in Russland-Connection Anteile as well as Firmen Advisory Partners ( registered in Innsbruck ) , Konti Holding ( registered in Wien ) and Expert Management Beratung Russia ( registered in Vienna ) . On 20 March 2011 , Britains Sunday Times reported that three MEPs , including Austrias Ernst Strasser , had accepted offers of up to 100,000 euros ( $141,000 ) per year in exchange for proposing amendments in the EU parliament . Austrian vice-chancellor and ÖVP leader Josef Pröll had called for the deputys immediate resignation from all political posts , describing his behaviour as unacceptable . After initially fighting the claims , Strasser announced his resignation on Sunday , noting : I have decided to take this step because there has been a campaign against me in Austria and this was damaging the Peoples Party . On 14 January 2013 , Strasser was sentenced to 4 years jail . Honours and achievements . - 2002 Order of St . Gregory the Great - 2003 Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash
|
[
"National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party"
] |
[
{
"text": " Ernst Strasser ( * 29 April 1956 in Grieskirchen , Upper Austria ) is a former Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior in Austria ( 2000–2004 ) , Member of the European Parliament ( 2009–2011 ) and bearer of the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash . Since 2014 , he works as an Entrepreneur in the Mergers and acquisitions sector and is also a hotel owner .",
"title": "Ernst Strasser"
},
{
"text": "Ernst Strasser was born in 1956 as the son of farmers in Upper Austria . After the elementary school in Grieskirchen , he attended the Bundesgymnasium und Sportrealgymnasium HIB Saalfelden and later the upper school in BORG Grieskirchen , where he graduated in 1975 as a school spokesman . Between 1971 and 1975 , he was involved in Catholic youth organisations in Grieskirchen . Ernst Strasser studied Jurisprudence at the University of Salzburg between 1975 and 1980 and graduated there to the Doctor of Laws in 1981 . During his studies he was a member of the main committee of",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "the students union at the University of Salzburg as well as social referent of the same organisation . From 1980 to 1981 he did community service as an alternative to military service .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Ernst Strasser was elected President of Hilfswerk Österreich , the largest health care aid organisation in Lower Austria , that provides help for children and adolescents with more than 4000 employees and over 20000 clients . The focus of his term until 2011 was the relocation of the state office in the government district to St . Pölten , the establishment of home service , the establishment of the visit service for older citizens , the opening of the first company kindergarten in Lower Austria , the launch of the Lower Austrian womens telephone as well as",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "the consolidation and securing of financing of the organisation .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Ernst Strasser is married with Elisabeth Strasser , who brought two children into the marriage . The couple lives in Vienna and Bad Ischl .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " After completing his military service , Ernst Strasser began his career as a secretary of the Austrian Farmers Association under the former director Josef Riegler . Then he moved to the legal department of the Upper Austrian Farmers Union , where he took over the position of a Federal Minister two years later . After the election of Josef Riegler to the leader of the Austrian Peoples Party , Ernst Strasser followed him and worked as an office manager of the chairman until 1990 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "From 1990 to 1991 he was head of strategic planning of Umdasch AG in Amstetten and then from 1991 to 1992 managing director of Shop Concept-Mittelraum ( Umdasch AG ) in Heidelberg .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " After his retirement as a minister , Ernst Strasser was appointed to the advisory board of the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei . Between 2005 and 2008 Strasser was Managing Partner at VCP Energy Holdings , a subsidiary of Vienna Capital Partners . and from 2006 to 2014 he was Managing Partner at GP-Beteiligungs- und Verwaltung GesmbH . Until March 2011 , Ernst Strasser was also a member of the supervisory board of WESTbahn and G4S . In addition , he has been an authorized representative of SCCB Consulting & Coaching GesmbH since 2016 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2019 , Ernst Strasser took over the hotel Hubertushof in Bad Ischl .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " Political functions & mandates . From 1983 to 1985 Ernst Strasser was member of the municipal council of Grieskirchen . Between 1993 and 2000 he was member of the Landtag of Lower Austria and also chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria . Between June 2003 and December 2004 , Strasser was member of the Österreich Konvent . From July 2009 to March 2011 Ernst Strasser was head of delegation of the Austrian Peoples Party in the European Parliament .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "In addition he was representative of Lower Austria on the ORF Board of Trustees . Strasser has also been the president of the Austro-Russian Friendship Society ( Österreichisch-Russische Freundschaftsgesellschaft ) since 2003 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " From December 2002 to April 2003 Ernst Strasser was member of the National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party . He was Federal Minister of the Interior of Austria between 2000 and 2004 . He led his party in the 2009 European Parliament election . He was a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2011 . He was sentenced to 4 years jail as consequence of the 2011 cash for laws scandal .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " Der Standard newspapers investigations in Ernst Strasser found that Strasser has many business holdings and listed some of these activities . Strasser founded Consulting , Coaching & Educating-GesmbH ( CCE ) in 2005 . It is a one-man company 100% owned by Strasser . For the first two years , the CCE recorded a profit of around 380,000 euros . When the newspaper studied the holdings in May 2009 , more recent data was missing from the commercial register . The company owns stakes in various other companies .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": "One company , Business Consulting & Development GmbH , is said to have imported olive oil from Syria . Another company had links to Hungarian bribery investigations .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": " Strassers CCE owns stakes in Russland-Connection Anteile as well as Firmen Advisory Partners ( registered in Innsbruck ) , Konti Holding ( registered in Wien ) and Expert Management Beratung Russia ( registered in Vienna ) . On 20 March 2011 , Britains Sunday Times reported that three MEPs , including Austrias Ernst Strasser , had accepted offers of up to 100,000 euros ( $141,000 ) per year in exchange for proposing amendments in the EU parliament .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": "Austrian vice-chancellor and ÖVP leader Josef Pröll had called for the deputys immediate resignation from all political posts , describing his behaviour as unacceptable . After initially fighting the claims , Strasser announced his resignation on Sunday , noting : I have decided to take this step because there has been a campaign against me in Austria and this was damaging the Peoples Party .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": " - 2002 Order of St . Gregory the Great - 2003 Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash",
"title": "Honours and achievements"
}
] |
/wiki/Ernst_Strasser#P39#2
|
Ernst Strasser took which position after May 2010?
|
Ernst Strasser Ernst Strasser ( * 29 April 1956 in Grieskirchen , Upper Austria ) is a former Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior in Austria ( 2000–2004 ) , Member of the European Parliament ( 2009–2011 ) and bearer of the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash . Since 2014 , he works as an Entrepreneur in the Mergers and acquisitions sector and is also a hotel owner . Personal life . Ernst Strasser was born in 1956 as the son of farmers in Upper Austria . After the elementary school in Grieskirchen , he attended the Bundesgymnasium und Sportrealgymnasium HIB Saalfelden and later the upper school in BORG Grieskirchen , where he graduated in 1975 as a school spokesman . Between 1971 and 1975 , he was involved in Catholic youth organisations in Grieskirchen . Ernst Strasser studied Jurisprudence at the University of Salzburg between 1975 and 1980 and graduated there to the Doctor of Laws in 1981 . During his studies he was a member of the main committee of the students union at the University of Salzburg as well as social referent of the same organisation . From 1980 to 1981 he did community service as an alternative to military service . In 1998 , Ernst Strasser was elected President of Hilfswerk Österreich , the largest health care aid organisation in Lower Austria , that provides help for children and adolescents with more than 4000 employees and over 20000 clients . The focus of his term until 2011 was the relocation of the state office in the government district to St . Pölten , the establishment of home service , the establishment of the visit service for older citizens , the opening of the first company kindergarten in Lower Austria , the launch of the Lower Austrian womens telephone as well as the consolidation and securing of financing of the organisation . Ernst Strasser is married with Elisabeth Strasser , who brought two children into the marriage . The couple lives in Vienna and Bad Ischl . Professional career . After completing his military service , Ernst Strasser began his career as a secretary of the Austrian Farmers Association under the former director Josef Riegler . Then he moved to the legal department of the Upper Austrian Farmers Union , where he took over the position of a Federal Minister two years later . After the election of Josef Riegler to the leader of the Austrian Peoples Party , Ernst Strasser followed him and worked as an office manager of the chairman until 1990 . From 1990 to 1991 he was head of strategic planning of Umdasch AG in Amstetten and then from 1991 to 1992 managing director of Shop Concept-Mittelraum ( Umdasch AG ) in Heidelberg . After his retirement as a minister , Ernst Strasser was appointed to the advisory board of the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei . Between 2005 and 2008 Strasser was Managing Partner at VCP Energy Holdings , a subsidiary of Vienna Capital Partners . and from 2006 to 2014 he was Managing Partner at GP-Beteiligungs- und Verwaltung GesmbH . Until March 2011 , Ernst Strasser was also a member of the supervisory board of WESTbahn and G4S . In addition , he has been an authorized representative of SCCB Consulting & Coaching GesmbH since 2016 . In May 2019 , Ernst Strasser took over the hotel Hubertushof in Bad Ischl . Political functions & mandates . From 1983 to 1985 Ernst Strasser was member of the municipal council of Grieskirchen . Between 1993 and 2000 he was member of the Landtag of Lower Austria and also chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria . Between June 2003 and December 2004 , Strasser was member of the Österreich Konvent . From July 2009 to March 2011 Ernst Strasser was head of delegation of the Austrian Peoples Party in the European Parliament . In addition he was representative of Lower Austria on the ORF Board of Trustees . Strasser has also been the president of the Austro-Russian Friendship Society ( Österreichisch-Russische Freundschaftsgesellschaft ) since 2003 . From December 2002 to April 2003 Ernst Strasser was member of the National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party . He was Federal Minister of the Interior of Austria between 2000 and 2004 . He led his party in the 2009 European Parliament election . He was a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2011 . He was sentenced to 4 years jail as consequence of the 2011 cash for laws scandal . Lobbying . Der Standard newspapers investigations in Ernst Strasser found that Strasser has many business holdings and listed some of these activities . Strasser founded Consulting , Coaching & Educating-GesmbH ( CCE ) in 2005 . It is a one-man company 100% owned by Strasser . For the first two years , the CCE recorded a profit of around 380,000 euros . When the newspaper studied the holdings in May 2009 , more recent data was missing from the commercial register . The company owns stakes in various other companies . One company , Business Consulting & Development GmbH , is said to have imported olive oil from Syria . Another company had links to Hungarian bribery investigations . Strassers CCE owns stakes in Russland-Connection Anteile as well as Firmen Advisory Partners ( registered in Innsbruck ) , Konti Holding ( registered in Wien ) and Expert Management Beratung Russia ( registered in Vienna ) . On 20 March 2011 , Britains Sunday Times reported that three MEPs , including Austrias Ernst Strasser , had accepted offers of up to 100,000 euros ( $141,000 ) per year in exchange for proposing amendments in the EU parliament . Austrian vice-chancellor and ÖVP leader Josef Pröll had called for the deputys immediate resignation from all political posts , describing his behaviour as unacceptable . After initially fighting the claims , Strasser announced his resignation on Sunday , noting : I have decided to take this step because there has been a campaign against me in Austria and this was damaging the Peoples Party . On 14 January 2013 , Strasser was sentenced to 4 years jail . Honours and achievements . - 2002 Order of St . Gregory the Great - 2003 Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash
|
[
"Member of the European Parliament"
] |
[
{
"text": " Ernst Strasser ( * 29 April 1956 in Grieskirchen , Upper Austria ) is a former Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior in Austria ( 2000–2004 ) , Member of the European Parliament ( 2009–2011 ) and bearer of the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash . Since 2014 , he works as an Entrepreneur in the Mergers and acquisitions sector and is also a hotel owner .",
"title": "Ernst Strasser"
},
{
"text": "Ernst Strasser was born in 1956 as the son of farmers in Upper Austria . After the elementary school in Grieskirchen , he attended the Bundesgymnasium und Sportrealgymnasium HIB Saalfelden and later the upper school in BORG Grieskirchen , where he graduated in 1975 as a school spokesman . Between 1971 and 1975 , he was involved in Catholic youth organisations in Grieskirchen . Ernst Strasser studied Jurisprudence at the University of Salzburg between 1975 and 1980 and graduated there to the Doctor of Laws in 1981 . During his studies he was a member of the main committee of",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "the students union at the University of Salzburg as well as social referent of the same organisation . From 1980 to 1981 he did community service as an alternative to military service .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Ernst Strasser was elected President of Hilfswerk Österreich , the largest health care aid organisation in Lower Austria , that provides help for children and adolescents with more than 4000 employees and over 20000 clients . The focus of his term until 2011 was the relocation of the state office in the government district to St . Pölten , the establishment of home service , the establishment of the visit service for older citizens , the opening of the first company kindergarten in Lower Austria , the launch of the Lower Austrian womens telephone as well as",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "the consolidation and securing of financing of the organisation .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Ernst Strasser is married with Elisabeth Strasser , who brought two children into the marriage . The couple lives in Vienna and Bad Ischl .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " After completing his military service , Ernst Strasser began his career as a secretary of the Austrian Farmers Association under the former director Josef Riegler . Then he moved to the legal department of the Upper Austrian Farmers Union , where he took over the position of a Federal Minister two years later . After the election of Josef Riegler to the leader of the Austrian Peoples Party , Ernst Strasser followed him and worked as an office manager of the chairman until 1990 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "From 1990 to 1991 he was head of strategic planning of Umdasch AG in Amstetten and then from 1991 to 1992 managing director of Shop Concept-Mittelraum ( Umdasch AG ) in Heidelberg .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " After his retirement as a minister , Ernst Strasser was appointed to the advisory board of the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei . Between 2005 and 2008 Strasser was Managing Partner at VCP Energy Holdings , a subsidiary of Vienna Capital Partners . and from 2006 to 2014 he was Managing Partner at GP-Beteiligungs- und Verwaltung GesmbH . Until March 2011 , Ernst Strasser was also a member of the supervisory board of WESTbahn and G4S . In addition , he has been an authorized representative of SCCB Consulting & Coaching GesmbH since 2016 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "In May 2019 , Ernst Strasser took over the hotel Hubertushof in Bad Ischl .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " Political functions & mandates . From 1983 to 1985 Ernst Strasser was member of the municipal council of Grieskirchen . Between 1993 and 2000 he was member of the Landtag of Lower Austria and also chairman ( 1998-2000 ) of the Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) in Lower Austria . Between June 2003 and December 2004 , Strasser was member of the Österreich Konvent . From July 2009 to March 2011 Ernst Strasser was head of delegation of the Austrian Peoples Party in the European Parliament .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": "In addition he was representative of Lower Austria on the ORF Board of Trustees . Strasser has also been the president of the Austro-Russian Friendship Society ( Österreichisch-Russische Freundschaftsgesellschaft ) since 2003 .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " From December 2002 to April 2003 Ernst Strasser was member of the National Council of the Austrian Peoples Party . He was Federal Minister of the Interior of Austria between 2000 and 2004 . He led his party in the 2009 European Parliament election . He was a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2011 . He was sentenced to 4 years jail as consequence of the 2011 cash for laws scandal .",
"title": "Professional career"
},
{
"text": " Der Standard newspapers investigations in Ernst Strasser found that Strasser has many business holdings and listed some of these activities . Strasser founded Consulting , Coaching & Educating-GesmbH ( CCE ) in 2005 . It is a one-man company 100% owned by Strasser . For the first two years , the CCE recorded a profit of around 380,000 euros . When the newspaper studied the holdings in May 2009 , more recent data was missing from the commercial register . The company owns stakes in various other companies .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": "One company , Business Consulting & Development GmbH , is said to have imported olive oil from Syria . Another company had links to Hungarian bribery investigations .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": " Strassers CCE owns stakes in Russland-Connection Anteile as well as Firmen Advisory Partners ( registered in Innsbruck ) , Konti Holding ( registered in Wien ) and Expert Management Beratung Russia ( registered in Vienna ) . On 20 March 2011 , Britains Sunday Times reported that three MEPs , including Austrias Ernst Strasser , had accepted offers of up to 100,000 euros ( $141,000 ) per year in exchange for proposing amendments in the EU parliament .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": "Austrian vice-chancellor and ÖVP leader Josef Pröll had called for the deputys immediate resignation from all political posts , describing his behaviour as unacceptable . After initially fighting the claims , Strasser announced his resignation on Sunday , noting : I have decided to take this step because there has been a campaign against me in Austria and this was damaging the Peoples Party .",
"title": "Lobbying"
},
{
"text": " - 2002 Order of St . Gregory the Great - 2003 Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash",
"title": "Honours and achievements"
}
] |
/wiki/Roger_Lhermitte#P108#0
|
Which employer did Roger Lhermitte work for in Nov 1963?
|
Roger Lhermitte Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education . Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity . After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.” The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents . Career . Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux . Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R . Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network . After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination . In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar . In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz doppler radar for the measurement of clouds . Retirement . Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology . From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute : Publications . Patents . - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 ) Selected publications . - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479
|
[
"Sperry Rand Research center"
] |
[
{
"text": " Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.”",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": ". Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "doppler radar for the measurement of clouds .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology .",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": "From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute :",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 )",
"title": "Patents"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479",
"title": "Selected publications"
}
] |
/wiki/Roger_Lhermitte#P108#1
|
Which employer did Roger Lhermitte work for in Sep 1964?
|
Roger Lhermitte Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education . Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity . After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.” The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents . Career . Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux . Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R . Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network . After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination . In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar . In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz doppler radar for the measurement of clouds . Retirement . Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology . From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute : Publications . Patents . - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 ) Selected publications . - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479
|
[
"National Severe Storms Laboratory"
] |
[
{
"text": " Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.”",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": ". Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "doppler radar for the measurement of clouds .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology .",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": "From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute :",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 )",
"title": "Patents"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479",
"title": "Selected publications"
}
] |
/wiki/Roger_Lhermitte#P108#2
|
Which employer did Roger Lhermitte work for in late 1960s?
|
Roger Lhermitte Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education . Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity . After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.” The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents . Career . Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux . Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R . Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network . After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination . In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar . In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz doppler radar for the measurement of clouds . Retirement . Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology . From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute : Publications . Patents . - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 ) Selected publications . - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479
|
[
"Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL )"
] |
[
{
"text": " Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.”",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": ". Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "doppler radar for the measurement of clouds .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology .",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": "From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute :",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 )",
"title": "Patents"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479",
"title": "Selected publications"
}
] |
/wiki/Roger_Lhermitte#P108#3
|
Which employer did Roger Lhermitte work for after Mar 1970?
|
Roger Lhermitte Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education . Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity . After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.” The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents . Career . Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux . Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R . Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network . After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination . In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar . In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz doppler radar for the measurement of clouds . Retirement . Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology . From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute : Publications . Patents . - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 ) Selected publications . - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479
|
[
"Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami"
] |
[
{
"text": " Roger M . Lhermitte was a French meteorologist who pioneered the development of meteorological Doppler radar . His career extended from the 1950s until his death where he made numerous contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology resulting in over 100 publications and numerous patents . Early life and education .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "Roger Lhermitte was born in Ergal , Yvelines , France , on 28 May 1920 . During the occupation of Germany in France in World War II , he was compulsorily enlisted by the Germans to work for Siemens in Berlin . While in Berlin , he made numerous trips to bomb shelters for safety , an experience he likened many times to Kurt Vonnegut’s descriptions of Dresden in Slaughterhouse Five . Kurt’s brother , Bernard Vonnegut , was later to become one of Roger’s closest colleagues in atmospheric electricity .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " After the end of the war , Lhermitte continued his education to pursue his doctoral thesis at the under the guidance of . The subject of his thesis work was titled “Contribution à LÉtude des Précipitations Par L’analyse des Échos de Pluies Obtenus à L’aide de Radars” which , roughly translated to english was “Contributions to the study of Precipitations via the Analysis of Radar Data.”",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": "The thesis begins with the sentence La presence des gouttes de pluie dune precipitation provoque la diffusion des ondes centrimetriques et par suite lapparition dechos sur les indicateurs des radars utilisant ces longueurs donde , which roughly translates to The presence of precipitation provokes the scattering of centimeter wavelength radiation , which is followed by the appearance of echos on radars using this same wavelength . This is the beginning of decades long research in atmospheric science that led to over 100 publications and numerous patents .",
"title": "Roger Lhermitte"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte began his career as a scientist at la Météorologie nationale , first in the city of Trappes , France , and later on Magny-les-Hameaux .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lhermitte first went to North America as a visitor to the Stormy Weather Group in Montreal , QC . He left Paris on January 2 , 1955 , arriving the next day . There he met Walter Hitcshfeld , J.S . Marshall , K . Gunn and T.East at McGill University . On that trip he met David Atlas whom he would work with in the future . The next year , he visited the Blue Hill Observatory in Boston , MA , making it his first visit to the United States . There he worked with Atlas , R",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": ". Donaldson , Edwin Kessler and others . The early work there led to the installation of the WSR-57 radar installation network .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " After these two visits , went back to France and stayed there a few years . After a few visits to North America , Lhermitte emigrated to the United States in January 1961 to work with Atlas at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories ( AFCRL ) . He left the AFCRL for the Sperry Rand Research center in New York , NY in 1963 . Some of his work included exploring the use of pulsed Doppler radars to extend the capabilities of conventional Doppler radars in allowing for range discrimination .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In 1964 Edwin Kessler had just become director of National Severe Storms Laboratory ( NSSL ) and was coordinating efforts to build a weather radar program . He had maintained contact with Roger , and reached out to him to join this new program . Lhermitte left the Sperry Rand Research center in early 1964 for this new venture to work with Kessler , K . Wilk , Dale Sirmans and others . By the end of 1964 , they had completed a pulsed 3 cm radar .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "In early 1967 , Lhermitte left the NSSL for the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) in Boulder , CO , at the request of G . Benton who was the director of ERL . He was to work with G . Little on the formation of the Wave Propagation Laboratory ( WPL ) . In 1970 , he took a position as Professor at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences in the University of Miami , Florida . It was during his time at the University of Miami that he was the first to develop the 94-GHz",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "doppler radar for the measurement of clouds .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lhermitte retired as Professor Emeritus in the early nineties . Near the end of his career , he decided to write a book on his experiences with centimeter and millimeter wavelength radars in meteorology . It was not written to be a comprehensive review of radars in meteorology , but rather his perspective on it . It contains many original ideas developed by him . Lhermitte died on November 21 , 2016 in Miami , FL . Contributions to the field of Radar Meteorology .",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": "From an article on the 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology , Roger Lhermittes contributions as listed",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology ( A Tribute to Roger Lhermitte ) . The 30th Conference on Radar Meteorology was held in tribute for Lhermitte , who was 82 at the time . An article in BAMS ( 2002 ) describes the tribute :",
"title": "Retirement"
},
{
"text": " - Atmospheric motion non-coherent pulse doppler system ( July 6 , 1965 ) - Method and means of determining variability of atmospheric motion with respect to altitude ( July 27 , 1965 ) - Atmospheric Motion Coherent Pulse Doppler Radar System ( October 12 , 1965 ) - Radar tornado alarm ( September 6 , 1966 ) - Waveform Averaging and Contouring Device For Weather Radars And The Like ( January 30 , 1968 )",
"title": "Patents"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1959 ) , La representation directe du spectre de fluctuation des echos radars donnes par des precipitations , 248 , 1554-1556 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1958 ) , Sur la fluctuation des echos de precipitations , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 246 , 1245-1248 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1957 ) , Sur une method dobservation dintensite des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 244 , 2955-2957",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1952 ) , Les bandes superieurs dans la structure verticale des echos de pluie , C . R . Acad . Sci. , 235 , 1414-1416",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1964 ) Doppler radars as severe storm sensors . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 45.9 ( 1964 ) : 587-596 - Lhermitte , R . ( 1970 ) Dual-Doppler radar observation of convective storm circulation . Preprints 14th Conf . Radar Meteor . Tucson , Amer . Meteor . Sco. , 139-144 - Lhermitte , R. , and R . Serafin ( 1984 ) “Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler sonar signal processing techniques,” J . Atmos . and Ocean . Technol. , vol . 1 , pp 293–308",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- Lhermitte , R . ( 1987 ) A 94 GHz Doppler Radar for Cloud Observations . J . Atmos . Ocean . Tech. , 4 ( 1 ) , 36‐48",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Lhermitte , R . ( 1990 ) Attenuation and Scattering of Millimeter Wavelength Radiation by Clouds and Precipitation . J . Atmos . Ocean Tech. , 7 , 464‐479",
"title": "Selected publications"
}
] |
/wiki/Kevin_Lefranc#P54#0
|
Which team did the player Kevin Lefranc belong to before Jan 2005?
|
Kevin Lefranc Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker . Career . Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances . Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals . He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once . Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message . Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United . Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 . He has French and Belgian citizenship .
|
[
"CD Constancia"
] |
[
{
"text": " Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker .",
"title": "Kevin Lefranc"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He has French and Belgian citizenship .",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
/wiki/Kevin_Lefranc#P54#1
|
Which team did the player Kevin Lefranc belong to in Aug 2007?
|
Kevin Lefranc Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker . Career . Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances . Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals . He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once . Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message . Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United . Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 . He has French and Belgian citizenship .
|
[
"US Boulogne"
] |
[
{
"text": " Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker .",
"title": "Kevin Lefranc"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He has French and Belgian citizenship .",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
/wiki/Kevin_Lefranc#P54#2
|
Which team did the player Kevin Lefranc belong to between Dec 2008 and 2009?
|
Kevin Lefranc Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker . Career . Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances . Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals . He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once . Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message . Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United . Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 . He has French and Belgian citizenship .
|
[
"FC Baulmes"
] |
[
{
"text": " Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker .",
"title": "Kevin Lefranc"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He has French and Belgian citizenship .",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
/wiki/Kevin_Lefranc#P54#3
|
Which team did the player Kevin Lefranc belong to in Jul 2009?
|
Kevin Lefranc Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker . Career . Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances . Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals . He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once . Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message . Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United . Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 . He has French and Belgian citizenship .
|
[
"R.E . Virton"
] |
[
{
"text": " Kevin Lefranc ( born 1 March 1986 ) is a French-born association footballer who is currently contracted to FC Jeunesse Canach in the Luxembourg National Division . A football journeyman , Lefranc has played for 12 different clubs in 7 separate countries . He plays as a Striker .",
"title": "Kevin Lefranc"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was signed by Troyes AC at the age of 14 , after showing promising signs whilst playing for his youth club at CO Saint-Dizier . in 2005 he moved to the island of Majorca , Spain , where he signed with 3ª - Group 11 club CD Constancia . However , his stay was short , leaving the club after it fell into financial problems , only scoring 3 times in 15 appearances .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc then travelled to Belgium , where he signed for K.S.K . Ronse , then in the Belgian Second Division . He made his debut for the club in a game against Meerhout Once more , his stay was short only lasting 13 games for the return of 2 goals .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He then signed for 2 clubs in the space of 12-months with Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz , making 8 appearances , and US Boulogne where his contract was terminated without playing a single game . In 2008 , Lefranc moved abroad once more , this time to Cyprus , where he signed with Cypriot Third Division club ASIL Lysi . However , this was once more an unsuccessful move , as he only made 7 appearances , scoring once .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Moving back to Europe , he signed a short-term contract with FC Baulmes in the 1.Liga . He was then signed by R.E . Virton in the Belgian Third Division B , on a 2-year contract . However , he was controversially dropped from the first XI to the reserve squad half way through his contract . Lefranc claims he was only notified by text message .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Lefranc was hoping to go out on loan , to FC Bleid , however due to financial reasons , R.E.Virton refused to let him go , and at the end of the season , Lefranc moved abroad for a third time , this time out to Singapore , with professional outfit Etoile FC in the S.League , where he signed a 1-year contract . Lefranc made his debut for the Clementi Stars in the opening round 2-0 victory over Geylang United .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Lefranc moved to French side Etoile FC in 2011 who played in the Singapore S.League where he scored 3 goals in 25 games for them . After one season he was released and then moved back to Belgium to sign for RE Bertrix in 2012 . After one season at RE Bertrix he was signed by Luxembourg side SR Delémont in 2013 . He was there until July 2015 when he was loaned out to FC Jeunesse Canach , then of the Luxembourg Ehrenpromotion where he scored 9 goals in 19 games and helped the team finish 3rd to earn",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "promotion back to the Luxembourg National Division at the end of the 2015/16 season . After his loan spell finished FC Jeunesse Canach signed Lefranc on a contract until 2019 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " He has French and Belgian citizenship .",
"title": "Career"
}
] |
/wiki/Larissa_Bonfante#P69#0
|
Which school did Larissa Bonfante go to before Oct 1953?
|
Larissa Bonfante Larissa Bonfante ( March 27 , 1931 , Naples , Italy – August 23 , 2019 , New York City , New York ) was an Italian-American classicist , Professor of Classics emerita at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture . Biography . Bonfante was born in Naples , the daughter of professor Giuliano Bonfante . She grew up in Princeton , NJ . Bonfante would go on to study fine arts and classics at Barnard College , earning her B.A . in 1954 ; she completed her M.A . in classics from the University of Cincinnati in 1957 and her Ph.D . in art history and archaeology at Columbia University in 1966 . She studied at Columbia with Otto Brendel . Bonfante received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2007 from the Archaeological Institute of America . She was a founding member of the American section of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici . She edited the periodical publication Etruscan News that reported on the activities of the American section . In 2009 Bonfante was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society . Endowed lectureship . The Archaeological Institute of America created an endowment fund to raise monies to support a lecture in Bonfantes honor as part of its lecture program . The inaugural named lecture was delivered by Dr . Jean MacIntosh Turfa on March 21 , 2021 , for the Staten Island ( NY ) society of the AIA . Selected publications . - 1970 . Roman Triumphs and Etruscan Kings : The Changing Face of the Triumph . Journal of Roman Studies 60:49-66 . - 1975 . Etruscan dress . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Reviews : American Journal of Archaeology 81.2:253-254 - 1979 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . translator , with Alexandra Bonfante-Warren . - 1981 . Out of Etruria : Etruscan influence north and south . Oxford : BAR . - ( with Giuliano Bonfante ) The Etruscan language : an introduction , 1983 - 1986 . ed . Etruscan life and afterlife : a handbook of Etruscan studies . Wayne State University Press . - 1989 . Nudity as a Costume in Classical Art . American Journal of Archaeology 93.4:543-70 . - 1990 . Reading The Past Etruscan . Berkeley : University of California Press . - 1997 Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum USA / 3 , New York , the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Ames , Iowa : Iowa State University Press . - 2001 . Italy and Cyprus in antiquity , 1500-450 BC : proceedings of an international symposium held at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University , November 16–18 , 2000 . Nicosia : Costakis and Leto Severis Foundation . - 2006 . ( with Judith Swaddling ) Etruscan myths . University of Texas Press . - 2006 . ( with Blair Fowlkes ) . Classical antiquities at New York University . Rome : LErma di Bretschneider . - 2011 . The barbarians of ancient Europe : realities and interactions . Cambridge University Press . - 2013 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . Bilingual Edition . - 2016 . The Collection of Antiquities of the American Academy in Rome . University of Michigan Press . Necrology . - Larissa Bonfante morta a New York : larcheologa era tra le maggiori specialiste di Etruschi Il Messaggero ( 31 August 2019 ) - Addio allarcheologa napoletana Larissa Bonfante : fu insigne etruscologa Il Mattino.it ( 31 August 2019 ) - In memoriam statement published by the Archaeological Institute of America , authored by Jean MacIntosh Turfa ( 6 September 2019 ) . - In Memoriam : Larissa Bonfante ( 1931–2019 ) in Etruscan and Italic Studies 22:1-2 ( 12 Nov 2019 ) authored by Nancy de Grummond . - Commemoration in Etruscan News v . 22 ( Winter 2020 ) published by New York University . External links . - Faculty page , New York University - Institute for Italic and Etruscan Studies - Academia.edu profile
|
[
"Barnard College"
] |
[
{
"text": " Larissa Bonfante ( March 27 , 1931 , Naples , Italy – August 23 , 2019 , New York City , New York ) was an Italian-American classicist , Professor of Classics emerita at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture .",
"title": "Larissa Bonfante"
},
{
"text": "Bonfante was born in Naples , the daughter of professor Giuliano Bonfante . She grew up in Princeton , NJ . Bonfante would go on to study fine arts and classics at Barnard College , earning her B.A . in 1954 ; she completed her M.A . in classics from the University of Cincinnati in 1957 and her Ph.D . in art history and archaeology at Columbia University in 1966 . She studied at Columbia with Otto Brendel . Bonfante received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2007 from the Archaeological Institute of America . She was",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "a founding member of the American section of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici . She edited the periodical publication Etruscan News that reported on the activities of the American section . In 2009 Bonfante was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " The Archaeological Institute of America created an endowment fund to raise monies to support a lecture in Bonfantes honor as part of its lecture program . The inaugural named lecture was delivered by Dr . Jean MacIntosh Turfa on March 21 , 2021 , for the Staten Island ( NY ) society of the AIA .",
"title": "Endowed lectureship"
},
{
"text": " - 1970 . Roman Triumphs and Etruscan Kings : The Changing Face of the Triumph . Journal of Roman Studies 60:49-66 . - 1975 . Etruscan dress . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Reviews : American Journal of Archaeology 81.2:253-254 - 1979 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . translator , with Alexandra Bonfante-Warren . - 1981 . Out of Etruria : Etruscan influence north and south . Oxford : BAR . - ( with Giuliano Bonfante ) The Etruscan language : an introduction , 1983",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- 1986 . ed . Etruscan life and afterlife : a handbook of Etruscan studies . Wayne State University Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - 1989 . Nudity as a Costume in Classical Art . American Journal of Archaeology 93.4:543-70 . - 1990 . Reading The Past Etruscan . Berkeley : University of California Press . - 1997 Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum USA / 3 , New York , the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Ames , Iowa : Iowa State University Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- 2001 . Italy and Cyprus in antiquity , 1500-450 BC : proceedings of an international symposium held at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University , November 16–18 , 2000 . Nicosia : Costakis and Leto Severis Foundation .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - 2006 . ( with Judith Swaddling ) Etruscan myths . University of Texas Press . - 2006 . ( with Blair Fowlkes ) . Classical antiquities at New York University . Rome : LErma di Bretschneider . - 2011 . The barbarians of ancient Europe : realities and interactions . Cambridge University Press . - 2013 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . Bilingual Edition . - 2016 . The Collection of Antiquities of the American Academy in Rome . University of Michigan Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Larissa Bonfante morta a New York : larcheologa era tra le maggiori specialiste di Etruschi Il Messaggero ( 31 August 2019 ) - Addio allarcheologa napoletana Larissa Bonfante : fu insigne etruscologa Il Mattino.it ( 31 August 2019 ) - In memoriam statement published by the Archaeological Institute of America , authored by Jean MacIntosh Turfa ( 6 September 2019 ) . - In Memoriam : Larissa Bonfante ( 1931–2019 ) in Etruscan and Italic Studies 22:1-2 ( 12 Nov 2019 ) authored by Nancy de Grummond .",
"title": "Necrology"
},
{
"text": "- Commemoration in Etruscan News v . 22 ( Winter 2020 ) published by New York University .",
"title": "Necrology"
},
{
"text": " - Faculty page , New York University - Institute for Italic and Etruscan Studies - Academia.edu profile",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Larissa_Bonfante#P69#1
|
Which school did Larissa Bonfante go to in Mar 1956?
|
Larissa Bonfante Larissa Bonfante ( March 27 , 1931 , Naples , Italy – August 23 , 2019 , New York City , New York ) was an Italian-American classicist , Professor of Classics emerita at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture . Biography . Bonfante was born in Naples , the daughter of professor Giuliano Bonfante . She grew up in Princeton , NJ . Bonfante would go on to study fine arts and classics at Barnard College , earning her B.A . in 1954 ; she completed her M.A . in classics from the University of Cincinnati in 1957 and her Ph.D . in art history and archaeology at Columbia University in 1966 . She studied at Columbia with Otto Brendel . Bonfante received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2007 from the Archaeological Institute of America . She was a founding member of the American section of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici . She edited the periodical publication Etruscan News that reported on the activities of the American section . In 2009 Bonfante was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society . Endowed lectureship . The Archaeological Institute of America created an endowment fund to raise monies to support a lecture in Bonfantes honor as part of its lecture program . The inaugural named lecture was delivered by Dr . Jean MacIntosh Turfa on March 21 , 2021 , for the Staten Island ( NY ) society of the AIA . Selected publications . - 1970 . Roman Triumphs and Etruscan Kings : The Changing Face of the Triumph . Journal of Roman Studies 60:49-66 . - 1975 . Etruscan dress . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Reviews : American Journal of Archaeology 81.2:253-254 - 1979 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . translator , with Alexandra Bonfante-Warren . - 1981 . Out of Etruria : Etruscan influence north and south . Oxford : BAR . - ( with Giuliano Bonfante ) The Etruscan language : an introduction , 1983 - 1986 . ed . Etruscan life and afterlife : a handbook of Etruscan studies . Wayne State University Press . - 1989 . Nudity as a Costume in Classical Art . American Journal of Archaeology 93.4:543-70 . - 1990 . Reading The Past Etruscan . Berkeley : University of California Press . - 1997 Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum USA / 3 , New York , the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Ames , Iowa : Iowa State University Press . - 2001 . Italy and Cyprus in antiquity , 1500-450 BC : proceedings of an international symposium held at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University , November 16–18 , 2000 . Nicosia : Costakis and Leto Severis Foundation . - 2006 . ( with Judith Swaddling ) Etruscan myths . University of Texas Press . - 2006 . ( with Blair Fowlkes ) . Classical antiquities at New York University . Rome : LErma di Bretschneider . - 2011 . The barbarians of ancient Europe : realities and interactions . Cambridge University Press . - 2013 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . Bilingual Edition . - 2016 . The Collection of Antiquities of the American Academy in Rome . University of Michigan Press . Necrology . - Larissa Bonfante morta a New York : larcheologa era tra le maggiori specialiste di Etruschi Il Messaggero ( 31 August 2019 ) - Addio allarcheologa napoletana Larissa Bonfante : fu insigne etruscologa Il Mattino.it ( 31 August 2019 ) - In memoriam statement published by the Archaeological Institute of America , authored by Jean MacIntosh Turfa ( 6 September 2019 ) . - In Memoriam : Larissa Bonfante ( 1931–2019 ) in Etruscan and Italic Studies 22:1-2 ( 12 Nov 2019 ) authored by Nancy de Grummond . - Commemoration in Etruscan News v . 22 ( Winter 2020 ) published by New York University . External links . - Faculty page , New York University - Institute for Italic and Etruscan Studies - Academia.edu profile
|
[
"University of Cincinnati"
] |
[
{
"text": " Larissa Bonfante ( March 27 , 1931 , Naples , Italy – August 23 , 2019 , New York City , New York ) was an Italian-American classicist , Professor of Classics emerita at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture .",
"title": "Larissa Bonfante"
},
{
"text": "Bonfante was born in Naples , the daughter of professor Giuliano Bonfante . She grew up in Princeton , NJ . Bonfante would go on to study fine arts and classics at Barnard College , earning her B.A . in 1954 ; she completed her M.A . in classics from the University of Cincinnati in 1957 and her Ph.D . in art history and archaeology at Columbia University in 1966 . She studied at Columbia with Otto Brendel . Bonfante received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2007 from the Archaeological Institute of America . She was",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "a founding member of the American section of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici . She edited the periodical publication Etruscan News that reported on the activities of the American section . In 2009 Bonfante was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " The Archaeological Institute of America created an endowment fund to raise monies to support a lecture in Bonfantes honor as part of its lecture program . The inaugural named lecture was delivered by Dr . Jean MacIntosh Turfa on March 21 , 2021 , for the Staten Island ( NY ) society of the AIA .",
"title": "Endowed lectureship"
},
{
"text": " - 1970 . Roman Triumphs and Etruscan Kings : The Changing Face of the Triumph . Journal of Roman Studies 60:49-66 . - 1975 . Etruscan dress . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Reviews : American Journal of Archaeology 81.2:253-254 - 1979 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . translator , with Alexandra Bonfante-Warren . - 1981 . Out of Etruria : Etruscan influence north and south . Oxford : BAR . - ( with Giuliano Bonfante ) The Etruscan language : an introduction , 1983",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- 1986 . ed . Etruscan life and afterlife : a handbook of Etruscan studies . Wayne State University Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - 1989 . Nudity as a Costume in Classical Art . American Journal of Archaeology 93.4:543-70 . - 1990 . Reading The Past Etruscan . Berkeley : University of California Press . - 1997 Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum USA / 3 , New York , the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Ames , Iowa : Iowa State University Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- 2001 . Italy and Cyprus in antiquity , 1500-450 BC : proceedings of an international symposium held at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University , November 16–18 , 2000 . Nicosia : Costakis and Leto Severis Foundation .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - 2006 . ( with Judith Swaddling ) Etruscan myths . University of Texas Press . - 2006 . ( with Blair Fowlkes ) . Classical antiquities at New York University . Rome : LErma di Bretschneider . - 2011 . The barbarians of ancient Europe : realities and interactions . Cambridge University Press . - 2013 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . Bilingual Edition . - 2016 . The Collection of Antiquities of the American Academy in Rome . University of Michigan Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Larissa Bonfante morta a New York : larcheologa era tra le maggiori specialiste di Etruschi Il Messaggero ( 31 August 2019 ) - Addio allarcheologa napoletana Larissa Bonfante : fu insigne etruscologa Il Mattino.it ( 31 August 2019 ) - In memoriam statement published by the Archaeological Institute of America , authored by Jean MacIntosh Turfa ( 6 September 2019 ) . - In Memoriam : Larissa Bonfante ( 1931–2019 ) in Etruscan and Italic Studies 22:1-2 ( 12 Nov 2019 ) authored by Nancy de Grummond .",
"title": "Necrology"
},
{
"text": "- Commemoration in Etruscan News v . 22 ( Winter 2020 ) published by New York University .",
"title": "Necrology"
},
{
"text": " - Faculty page , New York University - Institute for Italic and Etruscan Studies - Academia.edu profile",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Larissa_Bonfante#P69#2
|
Which school did Larissa Bonfante go to in Dec 1963?
|
Larissa Bonfante Larissa Bonfante ( March 27 , 1931 , Naples , Italy – August 23 , 2019 , New York City , New York ) was an Italian-American classicist , Professor of Classics emerita at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture . Biography . Bonfante was born in Naples , the daughter of professor Giuliano Bonfante . She grew up in Princeton , NJ . Bonfante would go on to study fine arts and classics at Barnard College , earning her B.A . in 1954 ; she completed her M.A . in classics from the University of Cincinnati in 1957 and her Ph.D . in art history and archaeology at Columbia University in 1966 . She studied at Columbia with Otto Brendel . Bonfante received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2007 from the Archaeological Institute of America . She was a founding member of the American section of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici . She edited the periodical publication Etruscan News that reported on the activities of the American section . In 2009 Bonfante was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society . Endowed lectureship . The Archaeological Institute of America created an endowment fund to raise monies to support a lecture in Bonfantes honor as part of its lecture program . The inaugural named lecture was delivered by Dr . Jean MacIntosh Turfa on March 21 , 2021 , for the Staten Island ( NY ) society of the AIA . Selected publications . - 1970 . Roman Triumphs and Etruscan Kings : The Changing Face of the Triumph . Journal of Roman Studies 60:49-66 . - 1975 . Etruscan dress . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Reviews : American Journal of Archaeology 81.2:253-254 - 1979 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . translator , with Alexandra Bonfante-Warren . - 1981 . Out of Etruria : Etruscan influence north and south . Oxford : BAR . - ( with Giuliano Bonfante ) The Etruscan language : an introduction , 1983 - 1986 . ed . Etruscan life and afterlife : a handbook of Etruscan studies . Wayne State University Press . - 1989 . Nudity as a Costume in Classical Art . American Journal of Archaeology 93.4:543-70 . - 1990 . Reading The Past Etruscan . Berkeley : University of California Press . - 1997 Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum USA / 3 , New York , the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Ames , Iowa : Iowa State University Press . - 2001 . Italy and Cyprus in antiquity , 1500-450 BC : proceedings of an international symposium held at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University , November 16–18 , 2000 . Nicosia : Costakis and Leto Severis Foundation . - 2006 . ( with Judith Swaddling ) Etruscan myths . University of Texas Press . - 2006 . ( with Blair Fowlkes ) . Classical antiquities at New York University . Rome : LErma di Bretschneider . - 2011 . The barbarians of ancient Europe : realities and interactions . Cambridge University Press . - 2013 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . Bilingual Edition . - 2016 . The Collection of Antiquities of the American Academy in Rome . University of Michigan Press . Necrology . - Larissa Bonfante morta a New York : larcheologa era tra le maggiori specialiste di Etruschi Il Messaggero ( 31 August 2019 ) - Addio allarcheologa napoletana Larissa Bonfante : fu insigne etruscologa Il Mattino.it ( 31 August 2019 ) - In memoriam statement published by the Archaeological Institute of America , authored by Jean MacIntosh Turfa ( 6 September 2019 ) . - In Memoriam : Larissa Bonfante ( 1931–2019 ) in Etruscan and Italic Studies 22:1-2 ( 12 Nov 2019 ) authored by Nancy de Grummond . - Commemoration in Etruscan News v . 22 ( Winter 2020 ) published by New York University . External links . - Faculty page , New York University - Institute for Italic and Etruscan Studies - Academia.edu profile
|
[
"Columbia University"
] |
[
{
"text": " Larissa Bonfante ( March 27 , 1931 , Naples , Italy – August 23 , 2019 , New York City , New York ) was an Italian-American classicist , Professor of Classics emerita at New York University and an authority on Etruscan language and culture .",
"title": "Larissa Bonfante"
},
{
"text": "Bonfante was born in Naples , the daughter of professor Giuliano Bonfante . She grew up in Princeton , NJ . Bonfante would go on to study fine arts and classics at Barnard College , earning her B.A . in 1954 ; she completed her M.A . in classics from the University of Cincinnati in 1957 and her Ph.D . in art history and archaeology at Columbia University in 1966 . She studied at Columbia with Otto Brendel . Bonfante received the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 2007 from the Archaeological Institute of America . She was",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "a founding member of the American section of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici . She edited the periodical publication Etruscan News that reported on the activities of the American section . In 2009 Bonfante was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " The Archaeological Institute of America created an endowment fund to raise monies to support a lecture in Bonfantes honor as part of its lecture program . The inaugural named lecture was delivered by Dr . Jean MacIntosh Turfa on March 21 , 2021 , for the Staten Island ( NY ) society of the AIA .",
"title": "Endowed lectureship"
},
{
"text": " - 1970 . Roman Triumphs and Etruscan Kings : The Changing Face of the Triumph . Journal of Roman Studies 60:49-66 . - 1975 . Etruscan dress . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Reviews : American Journal of Archaeology 81.2:253-254 - 1979 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . translator , with Alexandra Bonfante-Warren . - 1981 . Out of Etruria : Etruscan influence north and south . Oxford : BAR . - ( with Giuliano Bonfante ) The Etruscan language : an introduction , 1983",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- 1986 . ed . Etruscan life and afterlife : a handbook of Etruscan studies . Wayne State University Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - 1989 . Nudity as a Costume in Classical Art . American Journal of Archaeology 93.4:543-70 . - 1990 . Reading The Past Etruscan . Berkeley : University of California Press . - 1997 Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum USA / 3 , New York , the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Ames , Iowa : Iowa State University Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": "- 2001 . Italy and Cyprus in antiquity , 1500-450 BC : proceedings of an international symposium held at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University , November 16–18 , 2000 . Nicosia : Costakis and Leto Severis Foundation .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - 2006 . ( with Judith Swaddling ) Etruscan myths . University of Texas Press . - 2006 . ( with Blair Fowlkes ) . Classical antiquities at New York University . Rome : LErma di Bretschneider . - 2011 . The barbarians of ancient Europe : realities and interactions . Cambridge University Press . - 2013 . The Plays of Hrotswitha of Gandersheim . Bilingual Edition . - 2016 . The Collection of Antiquities of the American Academy in Rome . University of Michigan Press .",
"title": "Selected publications"
},
{
"text": " - Larissa Bonfante morta a New York : larcheologa era tra le maggiori specialiste di Etruschi Il Messaggero ( 31 August 2019 ) - Addio allarcheologa napoletana Larissa Bonfante : fu insigne etruscologa Il Mattino.it ( 31 August 2019 ) - In memoriam statement published by the Archaeological Institute of America , authored by Jean MacIntosh Turfa ( 6 September 2019 ) . - In Memoriam : Larissa Bonfante ( 1931–2019 ) in Etruscan and Italic Studies 22:1-2 ( 12 Nov 2019 ) authored by Nancy de Grummond .",
"title": "Necrology"
},
{
"text": "- Commemoration in Etruscan News v . 22 ( Winter 2020 ) published by New York University .",
"title": "Necrology"
},
{
"text": " - Faculty page , New York University - Institute for Italic and Etruscan Studies - Academia.edu profile",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Luther_Pierce#P69#0
|
William Luther Pierce went to which school between May 1950 and Jun 1950?
|
William Luther Pierce William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led for almost thirty years . Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance . Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Life and career . Early life and education . William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas . Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction . After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado , he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 . Early political activities . His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney . After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP . In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by 1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend . National Alliance . The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated . In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show . An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah . In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption . In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander : In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 . Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Novels . The Turner Diaries . Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) . The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them . The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart . On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government . Hunter . In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process . Religion . In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion . Personal life . Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia . In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena . Death . Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 . Works . As Andrew MacDonald - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father . References . Notes Bibliography Further reading External links . - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files
|
[
"military school"
] |
[
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "for almost thirty years .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": " At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": ", he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander :",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": " In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process .",
"title": "Hunter"
},
{
"text": " In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion .",
"title": "Religion"
},
{
"text": "Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father .",
"title": "As Andrew MacDonald"
},
{
"text": " - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Luther_Pierce#P69#1
|
William Luther Pierce went to which school in Feb 1953?
|
William Luther Pierce William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led for almost thirty years . Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance . Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Life and career . Early life and education . William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas . Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction . After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado , he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 . Early political activities . His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney . After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP . In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by 1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend . National Alliance . The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated . In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show . An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah . In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption . In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander : In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 . Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Novels . The Turner Diaries . Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) . The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them . The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart . On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government . Hunter . In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process . Religion . In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion . Personal life . Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia . In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena . Death . Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 . Works . As Andrew MacDonald - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father . References . Notes Bibliography Further reading External links . - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files
|
[
"Rice University"
] |
[
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "for almost thirty years .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": " At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": ", he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander :",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": " In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process .",
"title": "Hunter"
},
{
"text": " In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion .",
"title": "Religion"
},
{
"text": "Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father .",
"title": "As Andrew MacDonald"
},
{
"text": " - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Luther_Pierce#P69#2
|
William Luther Pierce went to which school in Mar 1955?
|
William Luther Pierce William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led for almost thirty years . Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance . Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Life and career . Early life and education . William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas . Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction . After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado , he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 . Early political activities . His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney . After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP . In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by 1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend . National Alliance . The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated . In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show . An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah . In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption . In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander : In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 . Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Novels . The Turner Diaries . Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) . The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them . The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart . On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government . Hunter . In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process . Religion . In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion . Personal life . Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia . In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena . Death . Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 . Works . As Andrew MacDonald - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father . References . Notes Bibliography Further reading External links . - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files
|
[
"Caltech"
] |
[
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "for almost thirty years .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": " At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": ", he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander :",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": " In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process .",
"title": "Hunter"
},
{
"text": " In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion .",
"title": "Religion"
},
{
"text": "Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father .",
"title": "As Andrew MacDonald"
},
{
"text": " - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Luther_Pierce#P69#3
|
William Luther Pierce went to which school in Oct 1957?
|
William Luther Pierce William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led for almost thirty years . Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance . Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Life and career . Early life and education . William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas . Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction . After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado , he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 . Early political activities . His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney . After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP . In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by 1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend . National Alliance . The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated . In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show . An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah . In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption . In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander : In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 . Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Novels . The Turner Diaries . Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) . The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them . The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart . On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government . Hunter . In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process . Religion . In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion . Personal life . Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia . In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena . Death . Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 . Works . As Andrew MacDonald - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father . References . Notes Bibliography Further reading External links . - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "for almost thirty years .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": " At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": ", he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander :",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": " In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process .",
"title": "Hunter"
},
{
"text": " In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion .",
"title": "Religion"
},
{
"text": "Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father .",
"title": "As Andrew MacDonald"
},
{
"text": " - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Luther_Pierce#P69#4
|
William Luther Pierce went to which school between Jul 1959 and Feb 1961?
|
William Luther Pierce William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led for almost thirty years . Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance . Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Life and career . Early life and education . William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas . Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction . After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado , he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 . Early political activities . His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney . After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP . In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by 1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend . National Alliance . The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated . In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show . An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah . In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption . In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander : In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 . Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline . Novels . The Turner Diaries . Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) . The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them . The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart . On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government . Hunter . In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process . Religion . In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion . Personal life . Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia . In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena . Death . Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 . Works . As Andrew MacDonald - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father . References . Notes Bibliography Further reading External links . - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files
|
[
"University of Colorado"
] |
[
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III ( September 11 , 1933 – July 23 , 2002 ) was an American neo-Nazi , white supremacist , antisemitic author , and political commentator . For more than 30 years , he was one of the highest profile individuals of the white nationalist movement . A physicist by profession , he was author of the novels The Turner Diaries and Hunter under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The former has inspired multiple hate crimes and the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing . Pierce founded the National Alliance , a white nationalist organization , which he led",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "for almost thirty years .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Born in Atlanta to a Presbyterian family of Scotch-Irish American and English descent , Pierce was a descendant of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . Pierce was academically successful , graduating from high school in 1952 . He received a bachelors degree in physics from Rice University in 1955 , earned a doctorate from University of Colorado at Boulder in 1962 , and became an assistant professor of physics at the Oregon State University in that year . In 1965 he left",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "his tenure at Oregon State University and became a senior researcher for the aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney in Connecticut . In 1966 , Pierce moved to the Washington , D.C . area and became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party , who was assassinated in 1967 . Pierce became co-leader of the National Youth Alliance , which split in 1974 , with Pierce founding the National Alliance .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "Pierces novel The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) depicts a violent revolution in the United States , followed by world war and the extermination of non-white races . Another novel by Pierce , Hunter ( 1989 ) portrays the actions of a lone-wolf white supremacist assassin . In 1985 , Pierce relocated the headquarters of the National Alliance to Hillsboro , West Virginia where he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church to receive tax exemption for his organization . Pierce spent the rest of his life in West Virginia hosting a weekly show , American Dissident Voices , publishing the internal",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and overseeing his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": " At the time of Pierces death in 2002 , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members and a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials . Subsequently , it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "William Luther Pierce"
},
{
"text": "William Luther Pierce III was born in Atlanta . The son of William Luther Pierce Jr . and Marguerite Farrell , his Presbyterian family was of English and Scotch-Irish descent . Pierces younger brother , Sanders , an engineer , was born in 1936 , and later assisted Pierce in his political activities . His father was born in Christiansburg , Virginia in 1892 . His mother was born in Richland , Georgia in 1910 , with her family being part of the aristocracy of the Old South , descendants of Thomas H . Watts , the Governor of Alabama",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "and Attorney General of the Confederate States of America . After the American Civil War , the family lived a working-class existence . Pierces father once served as a government representative on ocean-going cargo ships and sent reports back to Washington , D.C. ; he later became manager of an insurance agency but was killed in a car accident in 1943 . After the elder Pierces death , the family moved to Montgomery , Alabama , and after that to Dallas , Texas .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " Pierce performed well in school , skipping one grade . His last two years in high school were spent at the Allen Military Academy in Bryan , Texas . As a teenager his hobbies and interests were model rockets , chemistry , radios , electronics , and reading science fiction .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": "After finishing military school in 1951 , Pierce worked briefly in an oil field as a roustabout . He was injured when a four-inch ( 10 cm ) pipe fell on his hand , and he spent the rest of that summer working as a shoe salesman . Pierce earned a scholarship to attend Rice University in Houston . He graduated from Rice in 1955 with a bachelors degree in physics . He worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory before attending graduate school , initially at Caltech during 1955–56 . At the University of Colorado in Boulder , Colorado",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": ", he earned a masters degree and a doctorate in 1962 . He taught physics as an assistant professor at Oregon State University from 1962 to 1965 .",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"text": " His tenure as assistant professor at Oregon State University coincided with the rise of the Civil Rights Movement and later the counterculture . The former , along with the protests against the Vietnam War , he regarded as being led by Jews . In 1965 to finance his political ambitions , Pierce left his tenure at Oregon State University and relocated to North Haven , Connecticut , to work as a senior researcher at the Advanced Materials Research and Development Laboratory of aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "After a brief membership in the anti-communist John Birch Society in 1962 , he resigned because the Society was uninvolved in race issues . After he moved to Washington , D.C . he became an associate of George Lincoln Rockwell , founder of the American Nazi Party . During this time he was the editor of the partys quarterly ideological journal , National Socialist World . When Rockwell was murdered in 1967 , Pierce became one of the leading members of the National Socialist White Peoples Party , the successor to the ANP .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "In 1968 , Pierce left the NSWPP and joined Youth for Wallace , an organization supporting the bid for the presidency of George Wallace , the former Governor of Alabama . In 1970 , along with Willis Carto he reconfigured Youth for Wallace into the National Youth Alliance . However , a complex dispute between the two men had begun by the late 1960s . By 1971 , Pierce and Carto were openly feuding with the latter accusing the former of the theft of the Liberty Lobby mailing list . These issues caused the NYA to split , and by",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "1974 Pierces wing became known as the National Alliance . Among the founding members of the board of the National Alliance was a University of Illinois professor of classics , Revilo P . Oliver , who was to have major impact of Pierces life both as an adviser and friend .",
"title": "Early political activities"
},
{
"text": "The National Alliance was organized in 1974 . Pierce intended the organization to be a political vanguard that would ultimately bring about a white nationalist overthrow of the United States Federal Government . Pierce spent the rest of his life living in West Virginia . From this location , he hosted a weekly radio show , American Dissident Voices from 1991 , the internal newsletter National Alliance Bulletin ( formerly called Action ) , and oversaw his publications , National Vanguard magazine ( originally titled Attack! ) , Free Speech and Resistance , as well as books published by his",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "publishing firm National Vanguard Books , Inc . ( many of which promoted Holocaust denial ) and the white power record company , Resistance Records , which Pierce supported from its inception around 1993 and purchased outright in 1999 . On the topic of the Holocaust , he believed that the number of deaths has been exaggerated , and that many of the details had been fabricated .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1978 , claiming that the National Alliance was an educational organization , Pierce applied for and was denied , tax exemption by the Internal Revenue Service . Pierce appealed , but an appellate court upheld the IRS decision . Around the same time , he was interviewed by Herbert Poinsett on Race and Reason , a public-access television cable TV talk show .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "An anti-Zionist , he attempted during the Yom Kippur War to force McDonnell Douglas into canceling military contracts that sent armaments to Israel by buying shares of the companys stock and putting forward the motion at the national shareholders meeting . The company rejected the motion and continued supplying Israel with weapons . Some of Pierces later speeches on American Dissident Voices concerning the Arab–Israeli conflict were reprinted in Muslim publications and on websites , including that of the Lebanese Shia Islamist group Hezbollah .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1985 , Pierce moved his operations from Arlington , Virginia , to a location in Mill Point , West Virginia , that he paid for with $95,000 in cash . At this location , he founded the Cosmotheist Community Church . In 1986 , the church applied again , this time successfully , for federal , state , and local tax exemptions . It lost its state tax exemption for all but 60 acres , which had to be exclusively used for religious purposes . The other parcel was used for both the National Alliance headquarters and the National",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Vanguard Books business and warehouse , and was denied state tax exemption .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " In 1990 , the documentary series Different Drummer produced a portrait of Pierce , which was aired on PBS . He later participated twice on a public-access television cable TV live talk show hosted by Ron Doggett , Race and Reality and aired from Richmond , Virginia . Pierce was frequently described as a neo-Nazi , although he personally rejected this label . When confronted with the issue by Mike Wallace on 60 minutes , Pierce described the term as a slander :",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "In 1998 , Pierce was a contributor to a documentary produced by the Discovery Channel about white nationalism in the United States . As the leader of the National Alliance , Pierce established contacts with other nationalist groups in Europe , including the National Democratic Party of Germany and the Greek Golden Dawn party . Pierces other recruiting efforts included a 51-minute informational video titled America is a Changing Country , and forming an anti-globalization group – the Anti-Globalization Action Network – to protest at the G8 summit in Canada in June 2002 .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": " Pierces last public speech was made in Cleveland , Ohio on April 28 , 2002 . On July 23 , 2002 , he died of renal failure , three weeks after being diagnosed with cancer which had spread through his body . At the time , the National Alliance was bringing in more than $1 million a year , with more than 1,500 members , a paid national staff of 17 full-time officials , and was better known than at any time in its history , after which it entered a period of internal conflict and decline .",
"title": "National Alliance"
},
{
"text": "Pierce gained attention following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing , as the individual responsible Timothy McVeigh was influenced by The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) , the novel written by Pierce under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald . The book is a graphically violent depiction of a future race war in the United States , which includes a detailed description of the Day of the Rope mass hangings of many race traitors ( especially Jews , gay people , and those in interracial marriages or relationships ) in the public streets of Los Angeles , followed by the systematic ethnic cleansing",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "of the city , and eventually the entire world . This violence and killing is called terrible yet absolutely necessary . The story is told through the perspective of Earl Turner , an active member of the white revolutionary underground resistance , called The Organization , led by the secret inner circle known as The Order ( a reorganized SS ) .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The part most relevant to the McVeigh case is in an early chapter , when the books main character is placed in charge of bombing the FBI headquarters . Some have pointed out similarities between the bombing in the book and the actual bombing in Oklahoma City that damaged the Alfred P . Murrah Federal Building and killed 168 people on April 19 , 1995 . When McVeigh was arrested later that day , pages from the book were found in his car , with several phrases highlighted , including But the real value of all of our attacks today",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "lies in the psychological impact , not in the immediate casualties and We can still find them and kill them .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "The Turner Diaries also inspired a group of white revolutionary nationalists in the early 1980s who called themselves the Silent Brotherhood , or sometimes simply The Order . The Order was an offshoot of the Aryan Nations . They were tired of being merely armchair revolutionaries . The Order was connected to numerous crimes , including counterfeiting and bank robbery , and supposedly gave money to the Alliance . The Orders leader , Robert Jay Mathews , died in a stand-off with police and federal agents on Whidbey Island , Washington when police fired flares into his hideout , igniting",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "a fire . Other Order members including David Lane were captured and sent to federal prisons . In 1996 Pierce sold the rights to The Turner Diaries to the Jewish publisher Lyle Stuart .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "On May 19 , 1996 , Pierce was interviewed on 60 Minutes , during which Pierce was asked by Mike Wallace if he approved of the Oklahoma City bombing , and he replied No . No , I dont . Ive said that over and over again , that I do not approve of the Oklahoma City bombing because the United States is not yet in a revolutionary situation . A year earlier in a telephone interview with The Washington Post , he was quoted as saying : the Oklahoma City bombing didnt make sense politically . Terrorism only makes",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": "sense if it can be sustained over a period of time . One day there will be real , organized terrorism done according to plan , aimed at bringing down the government .",
"title": "The Turner Diaries"
},
{
"text": " In 1989 , again under the Andrew Macdonald pen name , Pierce published another novel , Hunter , which tells the story of a man named Oscar Yeager , a veteran of the Vietnam War who begins by killing multiple interracial couples . He then assassinates liberal journalists , politicians and bureaucrats in the D.C . area . In interviews , Pierce called Hunter more realistic , and described his rationale for writing it as taking the reader through an educational process .",
"title": "Hunter"
},
{
"text": " In the 1970s , Pierce created the religious philosophy of cosmotheism , based on a mixture of German romanticism , the Darwinian concept of natural selection , and Pierces interpretation of George Bernard Shaws play , Man and Superman . The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center assert that Pierce created cosmotheism in order to acquire tax-exempt status for the National Alliance after he had failed to do so earlier , and the SPLC refers to it as a bogus religion .",
"title": "Religion"
},
{
"text": "Pierce was married five times . His first marriage was to Patricia Jones , a mathematician whom he met while attending the California Institute of Technology . They were married in 1957 and had twin sons , Kelvin and Erik , born in 1960 . Kelvin was an aerospace engineer , while Erik is a computer scientist . The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 . The same year , Pierce married Elizabeth Prostel whom he met in the National Alliance office in Arlington . The marriage ended in 1985 and Pierce moved his headquarters to southern West Virginia .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In 1986 , Pierce married a Hungarian , Olga Skerlecz . She is a relative of Iván Skerlecz , Governor of Croatia-Slavonia ; the marriage lasted until 1990 . Olga moved to California after their divorce . Pierce then married another Hungarian woman named Zsuzsannah in early 1991 . They met through an advertisement that Pierce placed in a Hungarian womens magazine aimed at arranging international marriages . Leaving him in the summer of 1996 , Zsuzsannah moved to Florida . His last marriage in 1997 , which ended with his death was to another Hungarian woman , Irena .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Pierce died from kidney failure at his Hillsboro , West Virginia base on July 23 , 2002 .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - The Turner Diaries ( 1978 ) - Hunter ( 1984 ) In 1993 , Pierce wrote the script of the comic book New World Order Comix #1 : The Saga of White Will which was illustrated by Daniel Rip Roush and colored by William White Williams . In 2020 , Pierce’s son , Kelvin Pierce coauthored Sins of My Father : Growing Up with Americas Most Dangerous White Supremacist , which chronicled his experiences with his father .",
"title": "As Andrew MacDonald"
},
{
"text": " - National Vanguard , a publication of the National Alliance - Pierces entry at History Commons - William L . Pierces FBI files , obtained under the FOIA and hosted at the Internet Archive : - FBI headquarters file Part 1 - FBI headquarters file Part 2 - FBI headquarters file Part 3 - Washington field office files",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Erskine,_Lord_Erskine#P39#0
|
John Erskine, Lord Erskine took which position between Jan 1934 and Mar 1934?
|
John Erskine , Lord Erskine John Francis Ashley Erskine , Lord Erskine GCSI , GCIE ( 12 April 1895 – 3 May 1953 ) was a British soldier , Conservative Party politician and administrator who served as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Weston-super-Mare and Brighton . Erskine also served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was born to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar on 12 April 1895 and had his education at Eton and Oxford University . On graduation , Erskine served in the British army and rose to become a major before entering politics . Erskine was elected to the House of Commons as a candidate of the Conservative Party from Weston-super-Mare and served as MP from 1922 to 1923 and from 1924 to 1934 . He also served as Assistant Government Whip from 1930 to 1934 . In 1934 , Erskine was appointed Governor of Madras Presidency , British India . Erskine served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . He was a close friend of Indian politician Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari though he disagreed with some of his policies . On the conclusion of his term , Erskine returned to the United Kingdom and served as the Member of Parliament for Brighton from 1940 to 1941 . Erskine retired from politics in his later life . He died on 3 May 1953 at the age of 58 . Family and early life . John Erskine was born on 12 April 1895 to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar and his wife Lady Violet Ashley Cooper ( 1868–1938 ) . He was the eldest of their two sons and had his education at Eton and Christ Church , Oxford University . John Erskine married Lady Marjorie Hervey , the elder daughter of the 4th Marquess of Bristol , on 2 December 1919 and had four sons . Military career . On outbreak of the First World War , Erskine enlisted in the Scots Guards . By the end of the war he was a Major in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders . Politics . With an interest in politics and an allegiance to the Conservative Party , Erskine was appointed Assistant Private Secretary to Viscount Long in 1920 . At the 1922 general election , Erskine was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Weston-super-Mare . He lost his seat to a Liberal in the 1923 general election but easily regained it in 1924 and did not face a serious challenge there again . William Joynson-Hicks , then a rapidly rising Conservative Minister , appointed Erskine as his Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1922 , which gave him considerable interesting work to do . Joynson-Hicks was among the more controversial Ministers and had especial need to know that he had the support of Conservative backbenchers , and this Erskine was able to arrange . After the 1931 general election , Erskine was named as an unpaid Assistant Government whip on 12 November 1931 . This appointment effectively silenced Erskine in the Chamber of the House of Commons due to the tradition that Whips do not make speeches . Previously Erskine had been an effective and confident speaker who had taken a close interest in the affairs of India ( although he admitted never to having visited it ) . He followed the Round Table Conferences of the early 1930s closely . In his later years , Erskine served as a member of Parliament for the two-member Brighton constituency . However Erskines public support for native rule in India counted against him with Winston Churchill who had led the opposition to the Government of India Act 1935 . Although hopeful of appointment to government office , Erskine was given nothing . As Governor of Madras Presidency . On 22 May 1934 Erskine was appointed the new Governor of Madras . Although his appointment commenced in November , Erskine resigned his seat through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds at the beginning of June . In 1934 , Erskine succeeded George Frederick Stanley as the Governor of Madras Presidency and served from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was a supporter of the Justice Party and wanted the party to capture power in the Presidency during the 1937 elections . However , to his disappointment , the Indian National Congress won by a huge margin . Despite being the majority party in the Assembly and the Council , the Congress refused to form the government . Their objections stemmed from the special powers given to the Governor by the Government of India Act of 1935 . Erskine decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly . He first offered the Prime Minister post in the interim government to V . S . Srinivasa Sastri but Shastri refused to accept it . Then Erskine formed the interim Government with Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu of the Justice Party as premier on 1 April 1937 . He also used the Minister for Public Health R . M . Palat to try and entice Congress legislators into supporting the government . Wary of his tactics , Congress leaders like S . Satyamurti started a campaign to convince Congress High Command ( Gandhi and Nehru ) to accept power within the limitations set by the Government of India Act . They also appealed to the British Government to give assurances that the Governors special powers will not be misused . On 22 June , Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement expressing the British Governments desire to work with the Congress in implementing the 1935 Act . On 1 July , the Congress Working Committee ( CWC ) agreed to form Governments in the provinces they had won . On 14 July , Erskine had to swear in the Congress leader Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari as the Premier . Erskine had a cordial personal relationship with Rajagopalachari though they disagreed over some issues . When Rajagopalachari took a months leave , he requested Erskine to look after most of his duties . It is also alleged that Rajagopalachari suggested knighthoods for some his friends . However , there were disagreements over the constitution of the ministry . Erskine also opposed Rajagopalacharis usage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1932 during the 1938 Anti-Hindi agitations:.. [ Rajagopalachari ] was too much of a Tory for me , for though I may want to go back twenty years , he wishes to go back two thousand and to run India as it was run in the time of King Ashoka . Erskine was also a regular visitor to the Nilgiri Hills . On a public reception accorded to him by the Kotagiri Panchayat Board in 1935 , he gave Kotagiri town the sobriquet , Princess among Hill Stations . The first regular radio service in the Madras Presidency commenced in 1938 when the All India Radio established its station in Madras . The Congress ministry resigned on 9 October 1939 over the outbreak of Second World War . Erskine declared an emergency and took over the reins of the administration . Rajagopalachari and other ministers were arrested as per Defence of India Act rules . On 21 February 1940 , Erskine repealed the unpopular law imposing compulsory study of Hindi in the Madras Presidency . Later life . With no hope of continuing a political career , and finding that representing the seat was very expensive , Erskine resigned his seat and went to live in his house at Ickworth near Bury St Edmunds . He continued to comment on Indian affairs , bemoaning the influence of Gandhi . His second son was killed in action in 1945 . Active in voluntary work locally , Erskine was appointed President of the Navy League . A major operation in the early 1950s damaged his health , and he died in 1953 during the lifetime of his father . References . - M . Stenton and S . Lees , Whos Who of British MPs Vol . IV ( Harvester Press , 1981 ) - John Francis Ashley Erskine in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . - Obituary , The Times , 4 May 1953 .
|
[
"unpaid Assistant Government whip"
] |
[
{
"text": " John Francis Ashley Erskine , Lord Erskine GCSI , GCIE ( 12 April 1895 – 3 May 1953 ) was a British soldier , Conservative Party politician and administrator who served as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Weston-super-Mare and Brighton . Erskine also served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": "Erskine was born to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar on 12 April 1895 and had his education at Eton and Oxford University . On graduation , Erskine served in the British army and rose to become a major before entering politics . Erskine was elected to the House of Commons as a candidate of the Conservative Party from Weston-super-Mare and served as MP from 1922 to 1923 and from 1924 to 1934 . He also served as Assistant Government Whip from 1930 to 1934 . In 1934 , Erskine was appointed Governor of Madras Presidency , British India",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " Erskine served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . He was a close friend of Indian politician Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari though he disagreed with some of his policies . On the conclusion of his term , Erskine returned to the United Kingdom and served as the Member of Parliament for Brighton from 1940 to 1941 . Erskine retired from politics in his later life . He died on 3 May 1953 at the age of 58 . Family and early life .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": "John Erskine was born on 12 April 1895 to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar and his wife Lady Violet Ashley Cooper ( 1868–1938 ) . He was the eldest of their two sons and had his education at Eton and Christ Church , Oxford University .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " John Erskine married Lady Marjorie Hervey , the elder daughter of the 4th Marquess of Bristol , on 2 December 1919 and had four sons .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " On outbreak of the First World War , Erskine enlisted in the Scots Guards . By the end of the war he was a Major in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders .",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"text": " With an interest in politics and an allegiance to the Conservative Party , Erskine was appointed Assistant Private Secretary to Viscount Long in 1920 . At the 1922 general election , Erskine was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Weston-super-Mare . He lost his seat to a Liberal in the 1923 general election but easily regained it in 1924 and did not face a serious challenge there again .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "William Joynson-Hicks , then a rapidly rising Conservative Minister , appointed Erskine as his Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1922 , which gave him considerable interesting work to do . Joynson-Hicks was among the more controversial Ministers and had especial need to know that he had the support of Conservative backbenchers , and this Erskine was able to arrange .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " After the 1931 general election , Erskine was named as an unpaid Assistant Government whip on 12 November 1931 . This appointment effectively silenced Erskine in the Chamber of the House of Commons due to the tradition that Whips do not make speeches . Previously Erskine had been an effective and confident speaker who had taken a close interest in the affairs of India ( although he admitted never to having visited it ) . He followed the Round Table Conferences of the early 1930s closely .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In his later years , Erskine served as a member of Parliament for the two-member Brighton constituency . However Erskines public support for native rule in India counted against him with Winston Churchill who had led the opposition to the Government of India Act 1935 . Although hopeful of appointment to government office , Erskine was given nothing .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " As Governor of Madras Presidency . On 22 May 1934 Erskine was appointed the new Governor of Madras . Although his appointment commenced in November , Erskine resigned his seat through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds at the beginning of June .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1934 , Erskine succeeded George Frederick Stanley as the Governor of Madras Presidency and served from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was a supporter of the Justice Party and wanted the party to capture power in the Presidency during the 1937 elections . However , to his disappointment , the Indian National Congress won by a huge margin . Despite being the majority party in the Assembly and the Council , the Congress refused to form the government . Their objections stemmed from the special powers given to the Governor by the Government of India Act of 1935 .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Erskine decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly . He first offered the Prime Minister post in the interim government to V . S . Srinivasa Sastri but Shastri refused to accept it . Then Erskine formed the interim Government with Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu of the Justice Party as premier on 1 April 1937 . He also used the Minister for Public Health R . M . Palat to try and entice Congress legislators into supporting the government . Wary of his tactics , Congress leaders like S . Satyamurti",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "started a campaign to convince Congress High Command ( Gandhi and Nehru ) to accept power within the limitations set by the Government of India Act . They also appealed to the British Government to give assurances that the Governors special powers will not be misused . On 22 June , Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement expressing the British Governments desire to work with the Congress in implementing the 1935 Act . On 1 July , the Congress Working Committee ( CWC ) agreed to form Governments in the provinces they had won . On 14 July , Erskine had",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "to swear in the Congress leader Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari as the Premier .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Erskine had a cordial personal relationship with Rajagopalachari though they disagreed over some issues . When Rajagopalachari took a months leave , he requested Erskine to look after most of his duties . It is also alleged that Rajagopalachari suggested knighthoods for some his friends . However , there were disagreements over the constitution of the ministry . Erskine also opposed Rajagopalacharis usage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1932 during the 1938 Anti-Hindi agitations:.. [ Rajagopalachari ] was too much of a Tory for me , for though I may want to go back twenty years , he",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "wishes to go back two thousand and to run India as it was run in the time of King Ashoka .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Erskine was also a regular visitor to the Nilgiri Hills . On a public reception accorded to him by the Kotagiri Panchayat Board in 1935 , he gave Kotagiri town the sobriquet , Princess among Hill Stations . The first regular radio service in the Madras Presidency commenced in 1938 when the All India Radio established its station in Madras .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "The Congress ministry resigned on 9 October 1939 over the outbreak of Second World War . Erskine declared an emergency and took over the reins of the administration . Rajagopalachari and other ministers were arrested as per Defence of India Act rules . On 21 February 1940 , Erskine repealed the unpopular law imposing compulsory study of Hindi in the Madras Presidency .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " With no hope of continuing a political career , and finding that representing the seat was very expensive , Erskine resigned his seat and went to live in his house at Ickworth near Bury St Edmunds . He continued to comment on Indian affairs , bemoaning the influence of Gandhi . His second son was killed in action in 1945 . Active in voluntary work locally , Erskine was appointed President of the Navy League . A major operation in the early 1950s damaged his health , and he died in 1953 during the lifetime of his father .",
"title": "Later life"
},
{
"text": " - M . Stenton and S . Lees , Whos Who of British MPs Vol . IV ( Harvester Press , 1981 ) - John Francis Ashley Erskine in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . - Obituary , The Times , 4 May 1953 .",
"title": "References"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Erskine,_Lord_Erskine#P39#1
|
John Erskine, Lord Erskine took which position after Jun 1940?
|
John Erskine , Lord Erskine John Francis Ashley Erskine , Lord Erskine GCSI , GCIE ( 12 April 1895 – 3 May 1953 ) was a British soldier , Conservative Party politician and administrator who served as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Weston-super-Mare and Brighton . Erskine also served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was born to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar on 12 April 1895 and had his education at Eton and Oxford University . On graduation , Erskine served in the British army and rose to become a major before entering politics . Erskine was elected to the House of Commons as a candidate of the Conservative Party from Weston-super-Mare and served as MP from 1922 to 1923 and from 1924 to 1934 . He also served as Assistant Government Whip from 1930 to 1934 . In 1934 , Erskine was appointed Governor of Madras Presidency , British India . Erskine served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . He was a close friend of Indian politician Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari though he disagreed with some of his policies . On the conclusion of his term , Erskine returned to the United Kingdom and served as the Member of Parliament for Brighton from 1940 to 1941 . Erskine retired from politics in his later life . He died on 3 May 1953 at the age of 58 . Family and early life . John Erskine was born on 12 April 1895 to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar and his wife Lady Violet Ashley Cooper ( 1868–1938 ) . He was the eldest of their two sons and had his education at Eton and Christ Church , Oxford University . John Erskine married Lady Marjorie Hervey , the elder daughter of the 4th Marquess of Bristol , on 2 December 1919 and had four sons . Military career . On outbreak of the First World War , Erskine enlisted in the Scots Guards . By the end of the war he was a Major in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders . Politics . With an interest in politics and an allegiance to the Conservative Party , Erskine was appointed Assistant Private Secretary to Viscount Long in 1920 . At the 1922 general election , Erskine was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Weston-super-Mare . He lost his seat to a Liberal in the 1923 general election but easily regained it in 1924 and did not face a serious challenge there again . William Joynson-Hicks , then a rapidly rising Conservative Minister , appointed Erskine as his Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1922 , which gave him considerable interesting work to do . Joynson-Hicks was among the more controversial Ministers and had especial need to know that he had the support of Conservative backbenchers , and this Erskine was able to arrange . After the 1931 general election , Erskine was named as an unpaid Assistant Government whip on 12 November 1931 . This appointment effectively silenced Erskine in the Chamber of the House of Commons due to the tradition that Whips do not make speeches . Previously Erskine had been an effective and confident speaker who had taken a close interest in the affairs of India ( although he admitted never to having visited it ) . He followed the Round Table Conferences of the early 1930s closely . In his later years , Erskine served as a member of Parliament for the two-member Brighton constituency . However Erskines public support for native rule in India counted against him with Winston Churchill who had led the opposition to the Government of India Act 1935 . Although hopeful of appointment to government office , Erskine was given nothing . As Governor of Madras Presidency . On 22 May 1934 Erskine was appointed the new Governor of Madras . Although his appointment commenced in November , Erskine resigned his seat through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds at the beginning of June . In 1934 , Erskine succeeded George Frederick Stanley as the Governor of Madras Presidency and served from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was a supporter of the Justice Party and wanted the party to capture power in the Presidency during the 1937 elections . However , to his disappointment , the Indian National Congress won by a huge margin . Despite being the majority party in the Assembly and the Council , the Congress refused to form the government . Their objections stemmed from the special powers given to the Governor by the Government of India Act of 1935 . Erskine decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly . He first offered the Prime Minister post in the interim government to V . S . Srinivasa Sastri but Shastri refused to accept it . Then Erskine formed the interim Government with Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu of the Justice Party as premier on 1 April 1937 . He also used the Minister for Public Health R . M . Palat to try and entice Congress legislators into supporting the government . Wary of his tactics , Congress leaders like S . Satyamurti started a campaign to convince Congress High Command ( Gandhi and Nehru ) to accept power within the limitations set by the Government of India Act . They also appealed to the British Government to give assurances that the Governors special powers will not be misused . On 22 June , Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement expressing the British Governments desire to work with the Congress in implementing the 1935 Act . On 1 July , the Congress Working Committee ( CWC ) agreed to form Governments in the provinces they had won . On 14 July , Erskine had to swear in the Congress leader Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari as the Premier . Erskine had a cordial personal relationship with Rajagopalachari though they disagreed over some issues . When Rajagopalachari took a months leave , he requested Erskine to look after most of his duties . It is also alleged that Rajagopalachari suggested knighthoods for some his friends . However , there were disagreements over the constitution of the ministry . Erskine also opposed Rajagopalacharis usage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1932 during the 1938 Anti-Hindi agitations:.. [ Rajagopalachari ] was too much of a Tory for me , for though I may want to go back twenty years , he wishes to go back two thousand and to run India as it was run in the time of King Ashoka . Erskine was also a regular visitor to the Nilgiri Hills . On a public reception accorded to him by the Kotagiri Panchayat Board in 1935 , he gave Kotagiri town the sobriquet , Princess among Hill Stations . The first regular radio service in the Madras Presidency commenced in 1938 when the All India Radio established its station in Madras . The Congress ministry resigned on 9 October 1939 over the outbreak of Second World War . Erskine declared an emergency and took over the reins of the administration . Rajagopalachari and other ministers were arrested as per Defence of India Act rules . On 21 February 1940 , Erskine repealed the unpopular law imposing compulsory study of Hindi in the Madras Presidency . Later life . With no hope of continuing a political career , and finding that representing the seat was very expensive , Erskine resigned his seat and went to live in his house at Ickworth near Bury St Edmunds . He continued to comment on Indian affairs , bemoaning the influence of Gandhi . His second son was killed in action in 1945 . Active in voluntary work locally , Erskine was appointed President of the Navy League . A major operation in the early 1950s damaged his health , and he died in 1953 during the lifetime of his father . References . - M . Stenton and S . Lees , Whos Who of British MPs Vol . IV ( Harvester Press , 1981 ) - John Francis Ashley Erskine in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . - Obituary , The Times , 4 May 1953 .
|
[
"Member of Parliament for Brighton"
] |
[
{
"text": " John Francis Ashley Erskine , Lord Erskine GCSI , GCIE ( 12 April 1895 – 3 May 1953 ) was a British soldier , Conservative Party politician and administrator who served as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Weston-super-Mare and Brighton . Erskine also served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": "Erskine was born to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar on 12 April 1895 and had his education at Eton and Oxford University . On graduation , Erskine served in the British army and rose to become a major before entering politics . Erskine was elected to the House of Commons as a candidate of the Conservative Party from Weston-super-Mare and served as MP from 1922 to 1923 and from 1924 to 1934 . He also served as Assistant Government Whip from 1930 to 1934 . In 1934 , Erskine was appointed Governor of Madras Presidency , British India",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " Erskine served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . He was a close friend of Indian politician Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari though he disagreed with some of his policies . On the conclusion of his term , Erskine returned to the United Kingdom and served as the Member of Parliament for Brighton from 1940 to 1941 . Erskine retired from politics in his later life . He died on 3 May 1953 at the age of 58 . Family and early life .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": "John Erskine was born on 12 April 1895 to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar and his wife Lady Violet Ashley Cooper ( 1868–1938 ) . He was the eldest of their two sons and had his education at Eton and Christ Church , Oxford University .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " John Erskine married Lady Marjorie Hervey , the elder daughter of the 4th Marquess of Bristol , on 2 December 1919 and had four sons .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " On outbreak of the First World War , Erskine enlisted in the Scots Guards . By the end of the war he was a Major in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders .",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"text": " With an interest in politics and an allegiance to the Conservative Party , Erskine was appointed Assistant Private Secretary to Viscount Long in 1920 . At the 1922 general election , Erskine was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Weston-super-Mare . He lost his seat to a Liberal in the 1923 general election but easily regained it in 1924 and did not face a serious challenge there again .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "William Joynson-Hicks , then a rapidly rising Conservative Minister , appointed Erskine as his Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1922 , which gave him considerable interesting work to do . Joynson-Hicks was among the more controversial Ministers and had especial need to know that he had the support of Conservative backbenchers , and this Erskine was able to arrange .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " After the 1931 general election , Erskine was named as an unpaid Assistant Government whip on 12 November 1931 . This appointment effectively silenced Erskine in the Chamber of the House of Commons due to the tradition that Whips do not make speeches . Previously Erskine had been an effective and confident speaker who had taken a close interest in the affairs of India ( although he admitted never to having visited it ) . He followed the Round Table Conferences of the early 1930s closely .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In his later years , Erskine served as a member of Parliament for the two-member Brighton constituency . However Erskines public support for native rule in India counted against him with Winston Churchill who had led the opposition to the Government of India Act 1935 . Although hopeful of appointment to government office , Erskine was given nothing .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " As Governor of Madras Presidency . On 22 May 1934 Erskine was appointed the new Governor of Madras . Although his appointment commenced in November , Erskine resigned his seat through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds at the beginning of June .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1934 , Erskine succeeded George Frederick Stanley as the Governor of Madras Presidency and served from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was a supporter of the Justice Party and wanted the party to capture power in the Presidency during the 1937 elections . However , to his disappointment , the Indian National Congress won by a huge margin . Despite being the majority party in the Assembly and the Council , the Congress refused to form the government . Their objections stemmed from the special powers given to the Governor by the Government of India Act of 1935 .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Erskine decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly . He first offered the Prime Minister post in the interim government to V . S . Srinivasa Sastri but Shastri refused to accept it . Then Erskine formed the interim Government with Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu of the Justice Party as premier on 1 April 1937 . He also used the Minister for Public Health R . M . Palat to try and entice Congress legislators into supporting the government . Wary of his tactics , Congress leaders like S . Satyamurti",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "started a campaign to convince Congress High Command ( Gandhi and Nehru ) to accept power within the limitations set by the Government of India Act . They also appealed to the British Government to give assurances that the Governors special powers will not be misused . On 22 June , Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement expressing the British Governments desire to work with the Congress in implementing the 1935 Act . On 1 July , the Congress Working Committee ( CWC ) agreed to form Governments in the provinces they had won . On 14 July , Erskine had",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "to swear in the Congress leader Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari as the Premier .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Erskine had a cordial personal relationship with Rajagopalachari though they disagreed over some issues . When Rajagopalachari took a months leave , he requested Erskine to look after most of his duties . It is also alleged that Rajagopalachari suggested knighthoods for some his friends . However , there were disagreements over the constitution of the ministry . Erskine also opposed Rajagopalacharis usage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1932 during the 1938 Anti-Hindi agitations:.. [ Rajagopalachari ] was too much of a Tory for me , for though I may want to go back twenty years , he",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "wishes to go back two thousand and to run India as it was run in the time of King Ashoka .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Erskine was also a regular visitor to the Nilgiri Hills . On a public reception accorded to him by the Kotagiri Panchayat Board in 1935 , he gave Kotagiri town the sobriquet , Princess among Hill Stations . The first regular radio service in the Madras Presidency commenced in 1938 when the All India Radio established its station in Madras .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "The Congress ministry resigned on 9 October 1939 over the outbreak of Second World War . Erskine declared an emergency and took over the reins of the administration . Rajagopalachari and other ministers were arrested as per Defence of India Act rules . On 21 February 1940 , Erskine repealed the unpopular law imposing compulsory study of Hindi in the Madras Presidency .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " With no hope of continuing a political career , and finding that representing the seat was very expensive , Erskine resigned his seat and went to live in his house at Ickworth near Bury St Edmunds . He continued to comment on Indian affairs , bemoaning the influence of Gandhi . His second son was killed in action in 1945 . Active in voluntary work locally , Erskine was appointed President of the Navy League . A major operation in the early 1950s damaged his health , and he died in 1953 during the lifetime of his father .",
"title": "Later life"
},
{
"text": " - M . Stenton and S . Lees , Whos Who of British MPs Vol . IV ( Harvester Press , 1981 ) - John Francis Ashley Erskine in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . - Obituary , The Times , 4 May 1953 .",
"title": "References"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Erskine,_Lord_Erskine#P39#2
|
John Erskine, Lord Erskine took which position between Aug 1928 and Dec 1928?
|
John Erskine , Lord Erskine John Francis Ashley Erskine , Lord Erskine GCSI , GCIE ( 12 April 1895 – 3 May 1953 ) was a British soldier , Conservative Party politician and administrator who served as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Weston-super-Mare and Brighton . Erskine also served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was born to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar on 12 April 1895 and had his education at Eton and Oxford University . On graduation , Erskine served in the British army and rose to become a major before entering politics . Erskine was elected to the House of Commons as a candidate of the Conservative Party from Weston-super-Mare and served as MP from 1922 to 1923 and from 1924 to 1934 . He also served as Assistant Government Whip from 1930 to 1934 . In 1934 , Erskine was appointed Governor of Madras Presidency , British India . Erskine served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . He was a close friend of Indian politician Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari though he disagreed with some of his policies . On the conclusion of his term , Erskine returned to the United Kingdom and served as the Member of Parliament for Brighton from 1940 to 1941 . Erskine retired from politics in his later life . He died on 3 May 1953 at the age of 58 . Family and early life . John Erskine was born on 12 April 1895 to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar and his wife Lady Violet Ashley Cooper ( 1868–1938 ) . He was the eldest of their two sons and had his education at Eton and Christ Church , Oxford University . John Erskine married Lady Marjorie Hervey , the elder daughter of the 4th Marquess of Bristol , on 2 December 1919 and had four sons . Military career . On outbreak of the First World War , Erskine enlisted in the Scots Guards . By the end of the war he was a Major in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders . Politics . With an interest in politics and an allegiance to the Conservative Party , Erskine was appointed Assistant Private Secretary to Viscount Long in 1920 . At the 1922 general election , Erskine was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Weston-super-Mare . He lost his seat to a Liberal in the 1923 general election but easily regained it in 1924 and did not face a serious challenge there again . William Joynson-Hicks , then a rapidly rising Conservative Minister , appointed Erskine as his Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1922 , which gave him considerable interesting work to do . Joynson-Hicks was among the more controversial Ministers and had especial need to know that he had the support of Conservative backbenchers , and this Erskine was able to arrange . After the 1931 general election , Erskine was named as an unpaid Assistant Government whip on 12 November 1931 . This appointment effectively silenced Erskine in the Chamber of the House of Commons due to the tradition that Whips do not make speeches . Previously Erskine had been an effective and confident speaker who had taken a close interest in the affairs of India ( although he admitted never to having visited it ) . He followed the Round Table Conferences of the early 1930s closely . In his later years , Erskine served as a member of Parliament for the two-member Brighton constituency . However Erskines public support for native rule in India counted against him with Winston Churchill who had led the opposition to the Government of India Act 1935 . Although hopeful of appointment to government office , Erskine was given nothing . As Governor of Madras Presidency . On 22 May 1934 Erskine was appointed the new Governor of Madras . Although his appointment commenced in November , Erskine resigned his seat through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds at the beginning of June . In 1934 , Erskine succeeded George Frederick Stanley as the Governor of Madras Presidency and served from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was a supporter of the Justice Party and wanted the party to capture power in the Presidency during the 1937 elections . However , to his disappointment , the Indian National Congress won by a huge margin . Despite being the majority party in the Assembly and the Council , the Congress refused to form the government . Their objections stemmed from the special powers given to the Governor by the Government of India Act of 1935 . Erskine decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly . He first offered the Prime Minister post in the interim government to V . S . Srinivasa Sastri but Shastri refused to accept it . Then Erskine formed the interim Government with Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu of the Justice Party as premier on 1 April 1937 . He also used the Minister for Public Health R . M . Palat to try and entice Congress legislators into supporting the government . Wary of his tactics , Congress leaders like S . Satyamurti started a campaign to convince Congress High Command ( Gandhi and Nehru ) to accept power within the limitations set by the Government of India Act . They also appealed to the British Government to give assurances that the Governors special powers will not be misused . On 22 June , Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement expressing the British Governments desire to work with the Congress in implementing the 1935 Act . On 1 July , the Congress Working Committee ( CWC ) agreed to form Governments in the provinces they had won . On 14 July , Erskine had to swear in the Congress leader Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari as the Premier . Erskine had a cordial personal relationship with Rajagopalachari though they disagreed over some issues . When Rajagopalachari took a months leave , he requested Erskine to look after most of his duties . It is also alleged that Rajagopalachari suggested knighthoods for some his friends . However , there were disagreements over the constitution of the ministry . Erskine also opposed Rajagopalacharis usage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1932 during the 1938 Anti-Hindi agitations:.. [ Rajagopalachari ] was too much of a Tory for me , for though I may want to go back twenty years , he wishes to go back two thousand and to run India as it was run in the time of King Ashoka . Erskine was also a regular visitor to the Nilgiri Hills . On a public reception accorded to him by the Kotagiri Panchayat Board in 1935 , he gave Kotagiri town the sobriquet , Princess among Hill Stations . The first regular radio service in the Madras Presidency commenced in 1938 when the All India Radio established its station in Madras . The Congress ministry resigned on 9 October 1939 over the outbreak of Second World War . Erskine declared an emergency and took over the reins of the administration . Rajagopalachari and other ministers were arrested as per Defence of India Act rules . On 21 February 1940 , Erskine repealed the unpopular law imposing compulsory study of Hindi in the Madras Presidency . Later life . With no hope of continuing a political career , and finding that representing the seat was very expensive , Erskine resigned his seat and went to live in his house at Ickworth near Bury St Edmunds . He continued to comment on Indian affairs , bemoaning the influence of Gandhi . His second son was killed in action in 1945 . Active in voluntary work locally , Erskine was appointed President of the Navy League . A major operation in the early 1950s damaged his health , and he died in 1953 during the lifetime of his father . References . - M . Stenton and S . Lees , Whos Who of British MPs Vol . IV ( Harvester Press , 1981 ) - John Francis Ashley Erskine in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . - Obituary , The Times , 4 May 1953 .
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": " John Francis Ashley Erskine , Lord Erskine GCSI , GCIE ( 12 April 1895 – 3 May 1953 ) was a British soldier , Conservative Party politician and administrator who served as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Weston-super-Mare and Brighton . Erskine also served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": "Erskine was born to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar on 12 April 1895 and had his education at Eton and Oxford University . On graduation , Erskine served in the British army and rose to become a major before entering politics . Erskine was elected to the House of Commons as a candidate of the Conservative Party from Weston-super-Mare and served as MP from 1922 to 1923 and from 1924 to 1934 . He also served as Assistant Government Whip from 1930 to 1934 . In 1934 , Erskine was appointed Governor of Madras Presidency , British India",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " Erskine served as the Governor of Madras Presidency from 1934 to 1940 . He was a close friend of Indian politician Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari though he disagreed with some of his policies . On the conclusion of his term , Erskine returned to the United Kingdom and served as the Member of Parliament for Brighton from 1940 to 1941 . Erskine retired from politics in his later life . He died on 3 May 1953 at the age of 58 . Family and early life .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": "John Erskine was born on 12 April 1895 to Walter Erskine , 12th Earl of Mar and his wife Lady Violet Ashley Cooper ( 1868–1938 ) . He was the eldest of their two sons and had his education at Eton and Christ Church , Oxford University .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " John Erskine married Lady Marjorie Hervey , the elder daughter of the 4th Marquess of Bristol , on 2 December 1919 and had four sons .",
"title": "John Erskine , Lord Erskine"
},
{
"text": " On outbreak of the First World War , Erskine enlisted in the Scots Guards . By the end of the war he was a Major in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders .",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"text": " With an interest in politics and an allegiance to the Conservative Party , Erskine was appointed Assistant Private Secretary to Viscount Long in 1920 . At the 1922 general election , Erskine was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament for Weston-super-Mare . He lost his seat to a Liberal in the 1923 general election but easily regained it in 1924 and did not face a serious challenge there again .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "William Joynson-Hicks , then a rapidly rising Conservative Minister , appointed Erskine as his Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1922 , which gave him considerable interesting work to do . Joynson-Hicks was among the more controversial Ministers and had especial need to know that he had the support of Conservative backbenchers , and this Erskine was able to arrange .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " After the 1931 general election , Erskine was named as an unpaid Assistant Government whip on 12 November 1931 . This appointment effectively silenced Erskine in the Chamber of the House of Commons due to the tradition that Whips do not make speeches . Previously Erskine had been an effective and confident speaker who had taken a close interest in the affairs of India ( although he admitted never to having visited it ) . He followed the Round Table Conferences of the early 1930s closely .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In his later years , Erskine served as a member of Parliament for the two-member Brighton constituency . However Erskines public support for native rule in India counted against him with Winston Churchill who had led the opposition to the Government of India Act 1935 . Although hopeful of appointment to government office , Erskine was given nothing .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " As Governor of Madras Presidency . On 22 May 1934 Erskine was appointed the new Governor of Madras . Although his appointment commenced in November , Erskine resigned his seat through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds at the beginning of June .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1934 , Erskine succeeded George Frederick Stanley as the Governor of Madras Presidency and served from 1934 to 1940 . Erskine was a supporter of the Justice Party and wanted the party to capture power in the Presidency during the 1937 elections . However , to his disappointment , the Indian National Congress won by a huge margin . Despite being the majority party in the Assembly and the Council , the Congress refused to form the government . Their objections stemmed from the special powers given to the Governor by the Government of India Act of 1935 .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Erskine decided to form an interim provisional Government with non-members and opposition members of the Legislative Assembly . He first offered the Prime Minister post in the interim government to V . S . Srinivasa Sastri but Shastri refused to accept it . Then Erskine formed the interim Government with Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu of the Justice Party as premier on 1 April 1937 . He also used the Minister for Public Health R . M . Palat to try and entice Congress legislators into supporting the government . Wary of his tactics , Congress leaders like S . Satyamurti",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "started a campaign to convince Congress High Command ( Gandhi and Nehru ) to accept power within the limitations set by the Government of India Act . They also appealed to the British Government to give assurances that the Governors special powers will not be misused . On 22 June , Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement expressing the British Governments desire to work with the Congress in implementing the 1935 Act . On 1 July , the Congress Working Committee ( CWC ) agreed to form Governments in the provinces they had won . On 14 July , Erskine had",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "to swear in the Congress leader Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari as the Premier .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Erskine had a cordial personal relationship with Rajagopalachari though they disagreed over some issues . When Rajagopalachari took a months leave , he requested Erskine to look after most of his duties . It is also alleged that Rajagopalachari suggested knighthoods for some his friends . However , there were disagreements over the constitution of the ministry . Erskine also opposed Rajagopalacharis usage of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1932 during the 1938 Anti-Hindi agitations:.. [ Rajagopalachari ] was too much of a Tory for me , for though I may want to go back twenty years , he",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "wishes to go back two thousand and to run India as it was run in the time of King Ashoka .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Erskine was also a regular visitor to the Nilgiri Hills . On a public reception accorded to him by the Kotagiri Panchayat Board in 1935 , he gave Kotagiri town the sobriquet , Princess among Hill Stations . The first regular radio service in the Madras Presidency commenced in 1938 when the All India Radio established its station in Madras .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "The Congress ministry resigned on 9 October 1939 over the outbreak of Second World War . Erskine declared an emergency and took over the reins of the administration . Rajagopalachari and other ministers were arrested as per Defence of India Act rules . On 21 February 1940 , Erskine repealed the unpopular law imposing compulsory study of Hindi in the Madras Presidency .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " With no hope of continuing a political career , and finding that representing the seat was very expensive , Erskine resigned his seat and went to live in his house at Ickworth near Bury St Edmunds . He continued to comment on Indian affairs , bemoaning the influence of Gandhi . His second son was killed in action in 1945 . Active in voluntary work locally , Erskine was appointed President of the Navy League . A major operation in the early 1950s damaged his health , and he died in 1953 during the lifetime of his father .",
"title": "Later life"
},
{
"text": " - M . Stenton and S . Lees , Whos Who of British MPs Vol . IV ( Harvester Press , 1981 ) - John Francis Ashley Erskine in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . - Obituary , The Times , 4 May 1953 .",
"title": "References"
}
] |
/wiki/Gastón_Sauro#P54#0
|
Gastón Sauro played for which team before Nov 2009?
|
Gastón Sauro Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca . Career . Boca Juniors . Sauro made his professional debut with Boca Juniors during the 2008–09 season . FC Basel . On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September . At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate . At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) . On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 . Columbus Crew SC . On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers . Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 . Deportivo Toluca . On 7 August 2019 , Sauro transferred to Liga MX side Toluca . Personal . Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . Honours . Club . - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015 External links . - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website
|
[
"Boca Juniors"
] |
[
{
"text": " Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca .",
"title": "Gastón Sauro"
},
{
"text": " On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": "Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": " Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes .",
"title": "Personal"
},
{
"text": " - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015",
"title": "Club"
},
{
"text": " - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Gastón_Sauro#P54#1
|
Gastón Sauro played for which team in Aug 2013?
|
Gastón Sauro Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca . Career . Boca Juniors . Sauro made his professional debut with Boca Juniors during the 2008–09 season . FC Basel . On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September . At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate . At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) . On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 . Columbus Crew SC . On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers . Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 . Deportivo Toluca . On 7 August 2019 , Sauro transferred to Liga MX side Toluca . Personal . Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . Honours . Club . - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015 External links . - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website
|
[
"FC Basel"
] |
[
{
"text": " Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca .",
"title": "Gastón Sauro"
},
{
"text": " On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": "Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": " Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes .",
"title": "Personal"
},
{
"text": " - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015",
"title": "Club"
},
{
"text": " - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Gastón_Sauro#P54#2
|
Gastón Sauro played for which team between Feb 2014 and Dec 2014?
|
Gastón Sauro Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca . Career . Boca Juniors . Sauro made his professional debut with Boca Juniors during the 2008–09 season . FC Basel . On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September . At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate . At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) . On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 . Columbus Crew SC . On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers . Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 . Deportivo Toluca . On 7 August 2019 , Sauro transferred to Liga MX side Toluca . Personal . Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . Honours . Club . - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015 External links . - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website
|
[
"Catania"
] |
[
{
"text": " Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca .",
"title": "Gastón Sauro"
},
{
"text": " On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": "Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": " Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes .",
"title": "Personal"
},
{
"text": " - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015",
"title": "Club"
},
{
"text": " - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Gastón_Sauro#P54#3
|
Gastón Sauro played for which team between Jan 2015 and Jul 2015?
|
Gastón Sauro Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca . Career . Boca Juniors . Sauro made his professional debut with Boca Juniors during the 2008–09 season . FC Basel . On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September . At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate . At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) . On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 . Columbus Crew SC . On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers . Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 . Deportivo Toluca . On 7 August 2019 , Sauro transferred to Liga MX side Toluca . Personal . Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . Honours . Club . - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015 External links . - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website
|
[
"Columbus Crew SC"
] |
[
{
"text": " Gastón Sauro ( born 23 February 1990 ) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defender for Liga MX club Toluca .",
"title": "Gastón Sauro"
},
{
"text": " On 6 July 2012 it was announced that Sauro had signed a four-year contract with Swiss club FC Basel . He played his club debut on 17 July in the 2–0 away win against Flora Tallinn in the 1st Leg of the second qualifying round to the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League . He played his Swiss Super League debut on 28 July in the away 2–2 draw against the Grasshopper Club . He scored his first goal for the club in the 4–1 home win against FC Sion on 26 September .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "At the end of the Swiss Super League season 2012–13 Sauro won the Championship title and was Swiss Cup runner up with Basel . In the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League Basel advanced as far as the semi-finals , there being matched against the reigning UEFA Champions League holders Chelsea , but they were knocked out , losing both home and away ties , beaten 2–5 on aggregate .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " At the start of the 2013–14 Swiss Super League season Sauro was member of the Basel team that won the 2013 Uhrencup . At the end of the 2013–14 Super League season Sauro won his second league championship with Basel . In the final of the Swiss Cup on 21 April 2014 , Sauro and Giovanni Sio were sent off as Basel fell to rivals FC Zürich 2–0 in added extra time . Catania ( loan ) .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": "On 19 August 2014 , Sauro joined Serie B club Catania on an initial one-year loan deal with an option to buy . He was given the number 15 shirt . He made his Serie B debut on 30 August , coming on as a late substitute for Gino Peruzzi in Catanias 3−3 draw with Virtus Lanciano . In just his second game for the Italian side , Sauro picked up two yellow cards and was sent off in the 70th minute as Catania fell to a 3−2 defeat to Pro Vercelli on 7 September 2014 .",
"title": "FC Basel"
},
{
"text": " On 6 August 2015 , Sauro signed for Columbus Crew SC of Major League Soccer . He made his MLS debut on 6 September 2015 in a 3–0 loss to FC Dallas , starting but having to come off after seven minutes with a head injury . In the 2015 MLS Cup Playoffs , Sauro played in four of five matches , missing only the home victory over the New York Red Bulls He played the full 90 minutes of Columbus 2–1 loss in the 2015 MLS Cup to the Portland Timbers .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": "Sauro tore his PCL in a 0–0 draw with Toronto FC on 21 May 2016 , He would be sidelined until a 3 September defeat at the LA Galaxy . On 19 December 2016 , Columbus announced that Sauro would miss the entire 2017 season to recover from multiple knee surgeries . Sauro signed a new contract with Columbus on 11 January 2018 .",
"title": "Columbus Crew SC"
},
{
"text": " Sauro earned his U.S . green card prior to the 2017 MLS season . This status also qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes .",
"title": "Personal"
},
{
"text": " - Boca Juniors - Primera División : 2011 Apertura - Copa Argentina : 2011–12 - Copa Libertadores runner-up : 2012 - Basel - Swiss Super League : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Swiss Cup runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 - Uhrencup : 2013 - Columbus Crew SC - Eastern Conference ( Playoffs ) : 2015",
"title": "Club"
},
{
"text": " - Profile at FC Basel - Profile at Swiss Football League Website",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Henry_Perkin_Jr.#P108#0
|
Who did William Henry Perkin Jr. work for before Feb 1890?
|
William Henry Perkin Jr . William Henry Perkin Jr. , FRS HFRSE ( 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 ) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds . Early life . He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry , and was born at Sudbury , England , close to his fathers dyeworks at Greenford . His brother was Arthur George Perkin ( 1861–1937 ) , Professor of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing at the University of Leeds . Perkin was educated at the City of London School and then at the Royal College of Science , South Kensington , London , and then in Germany at the universities of Würzburg and Munich . At Munich , he was a doctoral student under Adolf von Baeyer . From 1883 to 1886 , he held the position of Privatdozent at the University of Munich . He never lost contact with his friend Baeyer , and delivered the memorial lecture following Baeyers death in 1917 . In 1887 he returned to Britain and became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College , Edinburgh , Scotland , for which the Chemistry wing of the main campus is currently named The William Perkin Building . Manchester . In 1892 he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Owens College , Manchester , England , succeeding Carl Schorlemmer , which he held until 1912 . During this period his stimulating teaching and brilliant researches attracted students from all parts , and he formed at Manchester a school of organic chemistry famous throughout Europe . This was possible because he was assigned new laboratory buildings , which he planned together with the famous architect Alfred Waterhouse , similar to those built by Baeyer in Munich . The speech at the opening ceremony was given by Ludwig Mond . An additional laboratory building together with a library and £20,300 , was a donation of the chemist and industrialist Edward Schunck in 1895 . His laboratory was removed brick by brick and recreated at Owens College . Frank Lee Pyman , Robert Robinson ( who later won a Nobel Prize in chemistry ) , Walter Haworth and Eduard Hope graduated at Owens College while Perkin was there . The conflict with Chaim Weizmann , who held a postdoctoral position and was a friend of Perkin , over the fermentation of starch to isoamyl alcohol which was the starting material for synthetic rubber and therefore industrially relevant , led to the dismissal of Weizmann . In 1912 , following a planned change in University politics involving industrial co-operations , which would have resulted in a significant loss of income for Perkin , he accepted a position in Oxford . Oxford . In 1912 he succeeded Professor William Odling as Waynflete Professor of Chemistry at Oxford University , England , a position he held until 1929 . When he started five colleges had their own laboratories . He first had to move into the Odling laboratory , a replica of the mediaeval Abbots Kitchen at Glastonbury . During Perkins time there , new and more extensive laboratories were built ( the Dyson Perrins Laboratory ) , and for the first time in England a period of research became a necessary part of the academic course in chemistry for an honours degree . But the constant rivalry with the physical chemistry department , for example Frederick Soddy , lead to the situation that most of the graduates chose physical or inorganic chemistry as their subject , and Perkin got most of his postdoctoral employees from other universities . Published work . Perkins work was published in a series of papers in Transactions of the Chemical Society . The earlier papers dealt with the properties and modes of synthesis of cloud chain hydrocarbons and their derivatives . This work led naturally to the synthesis of many terpenes and members of the camphor group ; and also to the investigation of various alkaloids and natural dyes . In addition to purely scientific work , Perkin kept in close touch with the chemical industry . Together with his brother-in-law Professor Frederick Kipping , Perkin wrote textbooks on practical chemistry , inorganic and organic chemistry ; their Organic Chemistry appeared in 1899 . Honours and awards . Perkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1890 and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1904 and their Royal Medal in 1925 . He was president of the Chemical Society from 1913 to 1916 and was awarded their Longstaff Medal in 1900 . In 1910 , he was made an honorary graduate of the University of Edinburgh , receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws ( LL.D. ) . Later life . In 1887 he married Mina Holland , one of three sisters . They had no children . Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves ( Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping ) . He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929 and is buried in Wolvercote Cemetery there .
|
[
"Heriot-Watt College"
] |
[
{
"text": " William Henry Perkin Jr. , FRS HFRSE ( 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 ) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds .",
"title": "William Henry Perkin Jr ."
},
{
"text": " He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry , and was born at Sudbury , England , close to his fathers dyeworks at Greenford . His brother was Arthur George Perkin ( 1861–1937 ) , Professor of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing at the University of Leeds .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": "Perkin was educated at the City of London School and then at the Royal College of Science , South Kensington , London , and then in Germany at the universities of Würzburg and Munich . At Munich , he was a doctoral student under Adolf von Baeyer . From 1883 to 1886 , he held the position of Privatdozent at the University of Munich . He never lost contact with his friend Baeyer , and delivered the memorial lecture following Baeyers death in 1917 .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " In 1887 he returned to Britain and became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College , Edinburgh , Scotland , for which the Chemistry wing of the main campus is currently named The William Perkin Building .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": "In 1892 he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Owens College , Manchester , England , succeeding Carl Schorlemmer , which he held until 1912 . During this period his stimulating teaching and brilliant researches attracted students from all parts , and he formed at Manchester a school of organic chemistry famous throughout Europe . This was possible because he was assigned new laboratory buildings , which he planned together with the famous architect Alfred Waterhouse , similar to those built by Baeyer in Munich . The speech at the opening ceremony was given by Ludwig Mond . An",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "additional laboratory building together with a library and £20,300 , was a donation of the chemist and industrialist Edward Schunck in 1895 . His laboratory was removed brick by brick and recreated at Owens College .",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "Frank Lee Pyman , Robert Robinson ( who later won a Nobel Prize in chemistry ) , Walter Haworth and Eduard Hope graduated at Owens College while Perkin was there . The conflict with Chaim Weizmann , who held a postdoctoral position and was a friend of Perkin , over the fermentation of starch to isoamyl alcohol which was the starting material for synthetic rubber and therefore industrially relevant , led to the dismissal of Weizmann . In 1912 , following a planned change in University politics involving industrial co-operations , which would have resulted in a significant loss of",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "income for Perkin , he accepted a position in Oxford .",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "In 1912 he succeeded Professor William Odling as Waynflete Professor of Chemistry at Oxford University , England , a position he held until 1929 . When he started five colleges had their own laboratories . He first had to move into the Odling laboratory , a replica of the mediaeval Abbots Kitchen at Glastonbury . During Perkins time there , new and more extensive laboratories were built ( the Dyson Perrins Laboratory ) , and for the first time in England a period of research became a necessary part of the academic course in chemistry for an honours degree .",
"title": "Oxford"
},
{
"text": "But the constant rivalry with the physical chemistry department , for example Frederick Soddy , lead to the situation that most of the graduates chose physical or inorganic chemistry as their subject , and Perkin got most of his postdoctoral employees from other universities .",
"title": "Oxford"
},
{
"text": "Perkins work was published in a series of papers in Transactions of the Chemical Society . The earlier papers dealt with the properties and modes of synthesis of cloud chain hydrocarbons and their derivatives . This work led naturally to the synthesis of many terpenes and members of the camphor group ; and also to the investigation of various alkaloids and natural dyes . In addition to purely scientific work , Perkin kept in close touch with the chemical industry . Together with his brother-in-law Professor Frederick Kipping , Perkin wrote textbooks on practical chemistry , inorganic and organic chemistry",
"title": "Published work"
},
{
"text": "; their Organic Chemistry appeared in 1899 .",
"title": "Published work"
},
{
"text": " Perkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1890 and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1904 and their Royal Medal in 1925 . He was president of the Chemical Society from 1913 to 1916 and was awarded their Longstaff Medal in 1900 . In 1910 , he was made an honorary graduate of the University of Edinburgh , receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws ( LL.D. ) .",
"title": "Honours and awards"
},
{
"text": " In 1887 he married Mina Holland , one of three sisters . They had no children . Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves ( Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping ) . He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929 and is buried in Wolvercote Cemetery there .",
"title": "Later life"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Henry_Perkin_Jr.#P108#1
|
Who did William Henry Perkin Jr. work for in late 1890s?
|
William Henry Perkin Jr . William Henry Perkin Jr. , FRS HFRSE ( 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 ) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds . Early life . He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry , and was born at Sudbury , England , close to his fathers dyeworks at Greenford . His brother was Arthur George Perkin ( 1861–1937 ) , Professor of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing at the University of Leeds . Perkin was educated at the City of London School and then at the Royal College of Science , South Kensington , London , and then in Germany at the universities of Würzburg and Munich . At Munich , he was a doctoral student under Adolf von Baeyer . From 1883 to 1886 , he held the position of Privatdozent at the University of Munich . He never lost contact with his friend Baeyer , and delivered the memorial lecture following Baeyers death in 1917 . In 1887 he returned to Britain and became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College , Edinburgh , Scotland , for which the Chemistry wing of the main campus is currently named The William Perkin Building . Manchester . In 1892 he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Owens College , Manchester , England , succeeding Carl Schorlemmer , which he held until 1912 . During this period his stimulating teaching and brilliant researches attracted students from all parts , and he formed at Manchester a school of organic chemistry famous throughout Europe . This was possible because he was assigned new laboratory buildings , which he planned together with the famous architect Alfred Waterhouse , similar to those built by Baeyer in Munich . The speech at the opening ceremony was given by Ludwig Mond . An additional laboratory building together with a library and £20,300 , was a donation of the chemist and industrialist Edward Schunck in 1895 . His laboratory was removed brick by brick and recreated at Owens College . Frank Lee Pyman , Robert Robinson ( who later won a Nobel Prize in chemistry ) , Walter Haworth and Eduard Hope graduated at Owens College while Perkin was there . The conflict with Chaim Weizmann , who held a postdoctoral position and was a friend of Perkin , over the fermentation of starch to isoamyl alcohol which was the starting material for synthetic rubber and therefore industrially relevant , led to the dismissal of Weizmann . In 1912 , following a planned change in University politics involving industrial co-operations , which would have resulted in a significant loss of income for Perkin , he accepted a position in Oxford . Oxford . In 1912 he succeeded Professor William Odling as Waynflete Professor of Chemistry at Oxford University , England , a position he held until 1929 . When he started five colleges had their own laboratories . He first had to move into the Odling laboratory , a replica of the mediaeval Abbots Kitchen at Glastonbury . During Perkins time there , new and more extensive laboratories were built ( the Dyson Perrins Laboratory ) , and for the first time in England a period of research became a necessary part of the academic course in chemistry for an honours degree . But the constant rivalry with the physical chemistry department , for example Frederick Soddy , lead to the situation that most of the graduates chose physical or inorganic chemistry as their subject , and Perkin got most of his postdoctoral employees from other universities . Published work . Perkins work was published in a series of papers in Transactions of the Chemical Society . The earlier papers dealt with the properties and modes of synthesis of cloud chain hydrocarbons and their derivatives . This work led naturally to the synthesis of many terpenes and members of the camphor group ; and also to the investigation of various alkaloids and natural dyes . In addition to purely scientific work , Perkin kept in close touch with the chemical industry . Together with his brother-in-law Professor Frederick Kipping , Perkin wrote textbooks on practical chemistry , inorganic and organic chemistry ; their Organic Chemistry appeared in 1899 . Honours and awards . Perkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1890 and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1904 and their Royal Medal in 1925 . He was president of the Chemical Society from 1913 to 1916 and was awarded their Longstaff Medal in 1900 . In 1910 , he was made an honorary graduate of the University of Edinburgh , receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws ( LL.D. ) . Later life . In 1887 he married Mina Holland , one of three sisters . They had no children . Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves ( Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping ) . He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929 and is buried in Wolvercote Cemetery there .
|
[
"Owens College"
] |
[
{
"text": " William Henry Perkin Jr. , FRS HFRSE ( 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 ) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds .",
"title": "William Henry Perkin Jr ."
},
{
"text": " He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry , and was born at Sudbury , England , close to his fathers dyeworks at Greenford . His brother was Arthur George Perkin ( 1861–1937 ) , Professor of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing at the University of Leeds .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": "Perkin was educated at the City of London School and then at the Royal College of Science , South Kensington , London , and then in Germany at the universities of Würzburg and Munich . At Munich , he was a doctoral student under Adolf von Baeyer . From 1883 to 1886 , he held the position of Privatdozent at the University of Munich . He never lost contact with his friend Baeyer , and delivered the memorial lecture following Baeyers death in 1917 .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " In 1887 he returned to Britain and became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College , Edinburgh , Scotland , for which the Chemistry wing of the main campus is currently named The William Perkin Building .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": "In 1892 he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Owens College , Manchester , England , succeeding Carl Schorlemmer , which he held until 1912 . During this period his stimulating teaching and brilliant researches attracted students from all parts , and he formed at Manchester a school of organic chemistry famous throughout Europe . This was possible because he was assigned new laboratory buildings , which he planned together with the famous architect Alfred Waterhouse , similar to those built by Baeyer in Munich . The speech at the opening ceremony was given by Ludwig Mond . An",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "additional laboratory building together with a library and £20,300 , was a donation of the chemist and industrialist Edward Schunck in 1895 . His laboratory was removed brick by brick and recreated at Owens College .",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "Frank Lee Pyman , Robert Robinson ( who later won a Nobel Prize in chemistry ) , Walter Haworth and Eduard Hope graduated at Owens College while Perkin was there . The conflict with Chaim Weizmann , who held a postdoctoral position and was a friend of Perkin , over the fermentation of starch to isoamyl alcohol which was the starting material for synthetic rubber and therefore industrially relevant , led to the dismissal of Weizmann . In 1912 , following a planned change in University politics involving industrial co-operations , which would have resulted in a significant loss of",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "income for Perkin , he accepted a position in Oxford .",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "In 1912 he succeeded Professor William Odling as Waynflete Professor of Chemistry at Oxford University , England , a position he held until 1929 . When he started five colleges had their own laboratories . He first had to move into the Odling laboratory , a replica of the mediaeval Abbots Kitchen at Glastonbury . During Perkins time there , new and more extensive laboratories were built ( the Dyson Perrins Laboratory ) , and for the first time in England a period of research became a necessary part of the academic course in chemistry for an honours degree .",
"title": "Oxford"
},
{
"text": "But the constant rivalry with the physical chemistry department , for example Frederick Soddy , lead to the situation that most of the graduates chose physical or inorganic chemistry as their subject , and Perkin got most of his postdoctoral employees from other universities .",
"title": "Oxford"
},
{
"text": "Perkins work was published in a series of papers in Transactions of the Chemical Society . The earlier papers dealt with the properties and modes of synthesis of cloud chain hydrocarbons and their derivatives . This work led naturally to the synthesis of many terpenes and members of the camphor group ; and also to the investigation of various alkaloids and natural dyes . In addition to purely scientific work , Perkin kept in close touch with the chemical industry . Together with his brother-in-law Professor Frederick Kipping , Perkin wrote textbooks on practical chemistry , inorganic and organic chemistry",
"title": "Published work"
},
{
"text": "; their Organic Chemistry appeared in 1899 .",
"title": "Published work"
},
{
"text": " Perkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1890 and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1904 and their Royal Medal in 1925 . He was president of the Chemical Society from 1913 to 1916 and was awarded their Longstaff Medal in 1900 . In 1910 , he was made an honorary graduate of the University of Edinburgh , receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws ( LL.D. ) .",
"title": "Honours and awards"
},
{
"text": " In 1887 he married Mina Holland , one of three sisters . They had no children . Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves ( Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping ) . He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929 and is buried in Wolvercote Cemetery there .",
"title": "Later life"
}
] |
/wiki/William_Henry_Perkin_Jr.#P108#2
|
Who did William Henry Perkin Jr. work for in early 1920s?
|
William Henry Perkin Jr . William Henry Perkin Jr. , FRS HFRSE ( 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 ) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds . Early life . He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry , and was born at Sudbury , England , close to his fathers dyeworks at Greenford . His brother was Arthur George Perkin ( 1861–1937 ) , Professor of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing at the University of Leeds . Perkin was educated at the City of London School and then at the Royal College of Science , South Kensington , London , and then in Germany at the universities of Würzburg and Munich . At Munich , he was a doctoral student under Adolf von Baeyer . From 1883 to 1886 , he held the position of Privatdozent at the University of Munich . He never lost contact with his friend Baeyer , and delivered the memorial lecture following Baeyers death in 1917 . In 1887 he returned to Britain and became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College , Edinburgh , Scotland , for which the Chemistry wing of the main campus is currently named The William Perkin Building . Manchester . In 1892 he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Owens College , Manchester , England , succeeding Carl Schorlemmer , which he held until 1912 . During this period his stimulating teaching and brilliant researches attracted students from all parts , and he formed at Manchester a school of organic chemistry famous throughout Europe . This was possible because he was assigned new laboratory buildings , which he planned together with the famous architect Alfred Waterhouse , similar to those built by Baeyer in Munich . The speech at the opening ceremony was given by Ludwig Mond . An additional laboratory building together with a library and £20,300 , was a donation of the chemist and industrialist Edward Schunck in 1895 . His laboratory was removed brick by brick and recreated at Owens College . Frank Lee Pyman , Robert Robinson ( who later won a Nobel Prize in chemistry ) , Walter Haworth and Eduard Hope graduated at Owens College while Perkin was there . The conflict with Chaim Weizmann , who held a postdoctoral position and was a friend of Perkin , over the fermentation of starch to isoamyl alcohol which was the starting material for synthetic rubber and therefore industrially relevant , led to the dismissal of Weizmann . In 1912 , following a planned change in University politics involving industrial co-operations , which would have resulted in a significant loss of income for Perkin , he accepted a position in Oxford . Oxford . In 1912 he succeeded Professor William Odling as Waynflete Professor of Chemistry at Oxford University , England , a position he held until 1929 . When he started five colleges had their own laboratories . He first had to move into the Odling laboratory , a replica of the mediaeval Abbots Kitchen at Glastonbury . During Perkins time there , new and more extensive laboratories were built ( the Dyson Perrins Laboratory ) , and for the first time in England a period of research became a necessary part of the academic course in chemistry for an honours degree . But the constant rivalry with the physical chemistry department , for example Frederick Soddy , lead to the situation that most of the graduates chose physical or inorganic chemistry as their subject , and Perkin got most of his postdoctoral employees from other universities . Published work . Perkins work was published in a series of papers in Transactions of the Chemical Society . The earlier papers dealt with the properties and modes of synthesis of cloud chain hydrocarbons and their derivatives . This work led naturally to the synthesis of many terpenes and members of the camphor group ; and also to the investigation of various alkaloids and natural dyes . In addition to purely scientific work , Perkin kept in close touch with the chemical industry . Together with his brother-in-law Professor Frederick Kipping , Perkin wrote textbooks on practical chemistry , inorganic and organic chemistry ; their Organic Chemistry appeared in 1899 . Honours and awards . Perkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1890 and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1904 and their Royal Medal in 1925 . He was president of the Chemical Society from 1913 to 1916 and was awarded their Longstaff Medal in 1900 . In 1910 , he was made an honorary graduate of the University of Edinburgh , receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws ( LL.D. ) . Later life . In 1887 he married Mina Holland , one of three sisters . They had no children . Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves ( Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping ) . He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929 and is buried in Wolvercote Cemetery there .
|
[
"Oxford University"
] |
[
{
"text": " William Henry Perkin Jr. , FRS HFRSE ( 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 ) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds .",
"title": "William Henry Perkin Jr ."
},
{
"text": " He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry , and was born at Sudbury , England , close to his fathers dyeworks at Greenford . His brother was Arthur George Perkin ( 1861–1937 ) , Professor of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing at the University of Leeds .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": "Perkin was educated at the City of London School and then at the Royal College of Science , South Kensington , London , and then in Germany at the universities of Würzburg and Munich . At Munich , he was a doctoral student under Adolf von Baeyer . From 1883 to 1886 , he held the position of Privatdozent at the University of Munich . He never lost contact with his friend Baeyer , and delivered the memorial lecture following Baeyers death in 1917 .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " In 1887 he returned to Britain and became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College , Edinburgh , Scotland , for which the Chemistry wing of the main campus is currently named The William Perkin Building .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": "In 1892 he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Owens College , Manchester , England , succeeding Carl Schorlemmer , which he held until 1912 . During this period his stimulating teaching and brilliant researches attracted students from all parts , and he formed at Manchester a school of organic chemistry famous throughout Europe . This was possible because he was assigned new laboratory buildings , which he planned together with the famous architect Alfred Waterhouse , similar to those built by Baeyer in Munich . The speech at the opening ceremony was given by Ludwig Mond . An",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "additional laboratory building together with a library and £20,300 , was a donation of the chemist and industrialist Edward Schunck in 1895 . His laboratory was removed brick by brick and recreated at Owens College .",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "Frank Lee Pyman , Robert Robinson ( who later won a Nobel Prize in chemistry ) , Walter Haworth and Eduard Hope graduated at Owens College while Perkin was there . The conflict with Chaim Weizmann , who held a postdoctoral position and was a friend of Perkin , over the fermentation of starch to isoamyl alcohol which was the starting material for synthetic rubber and therefore industrially relevant , led to the dismissal of Weizmann . In 1912 , following a planned change in University politics involving industrial co-operations , which would have resulted in a significant loss of",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "income for Perkin , he accepted a position in Oxford .",
"title": "Manchester"
},
{
"text": "In 1912 he succeeded Professor William Odling as Waynflete Professor of Chemistry at Oxford University , England , a position he held until 1929 . When he started five colleges had their own laboratories . He first had to move into the Odling laboratory , a replica of the mediaeval Abbots Kitchen at Glastonbury . During Perkins time there , new and more extensive laboratories were built ( the Dyson Perrins Laboratory ) , and for the first time in England a period of research became a necessary part of the academic course in chemistry for an honours degree .",
"title": "Oxford"
},
{
"text": "But the constant rivalry with the physical chemistry department , for example Frederick Soddy , lead to the situation that most of the graduates chose physical or inorganic chemistry as their subject , and Perkin got most of his postdoctoral employees from other universities .",
"title": "Oxford"
},
{
"text": "Perkins work was published in a series of papers in Transactions of the Chemical Society . The earlier papers dealt with the properties and modes of synthesis of cloud chain hydrocarbons and their derivatives . This work led naturally to the synthesis of many terpenes and members of the camphor group ; and also to the investigation of various alkaloids and natural dyes . In addition to purely scientific work , Perkin kept in close touch with the chemical industry . Together with his brother-in-law Professor Frederick Kipping , Perkin wrote textbooks on practical chemistry , inorganic and organic chemistry",
"title": "Published work"
},
{
"text": "; their Organic Chemistry appeared in 1899 .",
"title": "Published work"
},
{
"text": " Perkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1890 and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1904 and their Royal Medal in 1925 . He was president of the Chemical Society from 1913 to 1916 and was awarded their Longstaff Medal in 1900 . In 1910 , he was made an honorary graduate of the University of Edinburgh , receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws ( LL.D. ) .",
"title": "Honours and awards"
},
{
"text": " In 1887 he married Mina Holland , one of three sisters . They had no children . Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves ( Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping ) . He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929 and is buried in Wolvercote Cemetery there .",
"title": "Later life"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#0
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for before May 1981?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
"Dundee"
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#1
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for between Apr 1984 and Oct 1984?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
"Rangers"
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#2
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for between Oct 1988 and Oct 1989?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
"Hearts"
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#3
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for between Dec 1990 and Jul 1992?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#4
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for between May 1993 and Dec 1993?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
"Airdrieonians"
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#5
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for in May 1994?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Iain_Ferguson#P54#6
|
Which team did Iain Ferguson play for between Sep 1997 and Dec 1997?
|
Iain Ferguson Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk . Playing career . Dundee . Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did . He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee . In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box . He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games . Dundee United . Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 . He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice . In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead . In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United . Heart of Midlothian and loans at Bristol City and Charlton Athletic . In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench . He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 . Motherwell . He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time . Later career . During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell . He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna . After playing . Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales . Honours . - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91
|
[
"Dundalk"
] |
[
{
"text": " Iain John Ferguson ( born 4 August 1962 , in Newarthill , North Lanarkshire ) is a Scottish former professional football striker . He developed a reputation for scoring important and from his powerful right foot shot , sometimes spectacular goals . He scored in a domestic cup final winning team with both Rangers and Motherwell . His goals against high-profile opponents in Europe include for Dundee United in away games at F.C . Barcelona and Borussia Mönchengladbach en route to his appearance in the 1987 UEFA Cup Final .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "From the late 1970s to 1990s he also played for Dundee , Heart of Midlothian , Charlton Athletic , Bristol City , Airdrieonians , Portadown and Dundalk .",
"title": "Iain Ferguson"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson started his professional career with Dundee , who signed him from Fir Park Boys Club in 1978 . He flourished at Dens Park scoring his first senior goal at the age of 16 . Ferguson stayed behind after training with manager Tommy Gemmell and his assistant Willie Wallace , both Lisbon Lions , to hit shots at Scotland international squad goalkeeper Ally Donaldson . Ferguson later said , Willie pulled me aside . He said : son , I am going to give you a tip . Every time you get a chance , put your head down and",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "hit it as hard as you can , because the ball knows where it is going . So thats what I did .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was a first-team regular under Don Mackay as well as a three cap Under-21 internationalist . His right foot shot pulled a goal back for Dundee in the last game of the 1982-83 season derby fixture against Dundee United . United won 2-1 to clinch the Scottish Premier League at Dens Park that day . Among his goals in 1983-84 last season at Dundee he scored five goals against Rangers . Rangers and loan back at Dundee .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "In 1984 Jock Wallace signed him for Rangers for £200,000 . He scored the only goal with a low right foot shot from 12 yards in the 1984 Scottish League Cup Final ( October ) against Dundee United . A few days later he scored two goals in a 3-1 UEFA Cup win against Internazionale of Milan ( Rangers lost 4-3 on aggregate ) . The first was a right foot drive from just outside the penalty area into the top corner of the net . The second was a header from inside the six yard box .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": " He was already on the sidelines at Ibrox in 1986 and then among the first departures after Graeme Souness high-profile arrival although he had nutmegged Souness in one of the new player-managers first training sessions . He was loaned back to Dundee early in the 1986-87 season where he scored twice in three league games .",
"title": "Dundee"
},
{
"text": "Ferguson joined Jim McLeans Dundee United in 1986 paying £145,000 to secure his services after Dundee refused the fee asked by Rangers . In his first season he scored important goals in reaching the 1987 UEFA Cup Final . he was though ineligible for the first three rounds due to the date he signed for United . He headed the winner in the 2–1 defeat of Barcelona at the Camp Nou and the opening goal in the semi-final victory at Borussia Mönchengladbach . Ferguson due to suspension missed the first leg of the final that IFK Goteborg won 1-0 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "He played in the 1-1 draw return leg at Tannadice .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In his two seasons there Ferguson reached consecutive Scottish Cup finals . He scored his teams first two goals in the 3-2 Scottish Cup semi-final win over his ex Dundee side at neutral Tynecastle Park . The opener was a right foot shot high into the net from just inside the penalty box . Television commentator Archie MacPherson said in response , Somebody once said to me about Iain Ferguson , he doesnt score ordinary goals , they are all smashers . In the 1987 Scottish Cup Final Ferguson had an extra time goal disallowed much disputed by him and",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "his teammates . Terry Butcher in the television punditry after initially sitting on the fence regarding the offside decision then said he felt the goal should have stood . Minutes later Fergusons name sake Ian Ferguson scored the only goal of the game for St Mirren . A year later United lost the final 2-1 to Celtic after Kevin Gallacher had United ahead .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In the 1986–87 Dundee United F.C . season of their UEFA Cup Final appearance they played 67 competitive matches . Ferguson played in 51 of these top scoring for the club with 28 goals . One of these was on 20 December 1986 from 44 yards in a 3-1 win against Hearts . He dispossessed Sandy Jardine before hitting the ball over goalkeeper Henry Smith . He also top scored for United the season after with 16 goals . In the league they finished in third and fifth places respectively in these two seasons . Despite featuring in one of",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the Tangerines most celebrated sides , Ferguson did not earn silverware in his two seasons with United .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "In 1988–89 Ferguson equalled Hearts record transfer fee of £350,000 . Alex MacDonald signed him to replace Newcastle United-bound John Robertson . He scored another important goal notching the only strike when Hearts defeated Bayern Munich in the first leg of 1988–89 UEFA Cup quarter finals . He latched on to a free-kick tapped to him by Tosh McKinlay to hit a 25-yard drive past Raimond Aumann into the net described by television commentator Jock Brown as a shot of stunning power from Iain Ferguson . Ferguson for his part said this goal was his career favourite . Bayern won",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": "the return leg 2-0 to go through on aggregate . Robertson returned to Tynecastle only 8 months after his departure meaning Ferguson was largely demoted to the substitutes bench .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He spent time on loan with Bristol City and Charlton Athletic before leaving in December 1990 .",
"title": "Dundee United"
},
{
"text": " He helped the Fir Park side win the 1991 Scottish Cup Final . He headed the opening goal as Motherwell defeated his old side Dundee United 4–3 after extra time .",
"title": "Motherwell"
},
{
"text": " During 1993-94 he moved to Lanarkshire rivals Airdrieonians scoring 9 times from his 31 league games . He next moved mid-season joining Portadown in the Irish League . In a brief return to Dundee he scored a penalty in a League Cup shoot-out win over ex-club Dundee United at Tannadice in 1996 . Ferguson spent the second half of the 97–98 season in Ireland with Dundalk , where he made four league appearances and one FAI Cup appearance in an injury hit spell .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "He then returned to the UK , and played in English non-league football with Gretna .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " Ferguson operated a sports equipment stall at The Forge Shopping Centre in Glasgow . As of February 2017 he was working in car sales .",
"title": "After playing"
},
{
"text": " - Rangers - Scottish League Cup : winner 1984–85 - Dundee United - UEFA Cup : 1986-87 runner up - Scottish Cup : runner up 1986–87 , 1987–88 - Motherwell - Scottish Cup : winner 1990–91",
"title": "Honours"
}
] |
/wiki/Surjit_Singh_Barnala#P39#0
|
Surjit Singh Barnala took which position in Jun 1987?
|
Surjit Singh Barnala Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios . Early life . Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes . Politics . Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar . In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh . In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership . Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed . In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister . In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet . At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement . Governnoship . Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 . He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu State of 300 years . Author and painter . In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers . Personal life . Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from 37 years to 17 years old . Death . Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day . External links . - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday
|
[
"chief minister of Punjab"
] |
[
{
"text": " Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios .",
"title": "Surjit Singh Barnala"
},
{
"text": " Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "State of 300 years .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": " In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers .",
"title": "Author and painter"
},
{
"text": "Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "37 years to 17 years old .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Surjit_Singh_Barnala#P39#1
|
Surjit Singh Barnala took which position between Dec 1990 and Feb 1991?
|
Surjit Singh Barnala Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios . Early life . Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes . Politics . Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar . In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh . In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership . Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed . In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister . In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet . At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement . Governnoship . Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 . He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu State of 300 years . Author and painter . In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers . Personal life . Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from 37 years to 17 years old . Death . Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day . External links . - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday
|
[
"lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands"
] |
[
{
"text": " Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios .",
"title": "Surjit Singh Barnala"
},
{
"text": " Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "State of 300 years .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": " In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers .",
"title": "Author and painter"
},
{
"text": "Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "37 years to 17 years old .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Surjit_Singh_Barnala#P39#2
|
Surjit Singh Barnala took which position between Nov 2004 and Nov 2004?
|
Surjit Singh Barnala Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios . Early life . Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes . Politics . Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar . In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh . In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership . Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed . In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister . In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet . At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement . Governnoship . Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 . He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu State of 300 years . Author and painter . In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers . Personal life . Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from 37 years to 17 years old . Death . Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day . External links . - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday
|
[
"governor of Andhra Pradesh"
] |
[
{
"text": " Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios .",
"title": "Surjit Singh Barnala"
},
{
"text": " Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "State of 300 years .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": " In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers .",
"title": "Author and painter"
},
{
"text": "Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "37 years to 17 years old .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Surjit_Singh_Barnala#P39#3
|
Surjit Singh Barnala took which position in Nov 2004?
|
Surjit Singh Barnala Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios . Early life . Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes . Politics . Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar . In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh . In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership . Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed . In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister . In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet . At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement . Governnoship . Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 . He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu State of 300 years . Author and painter . In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers . Personal life . Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from 37 years to 17 years old . Death . Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day . External links . - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday
|
[
"governor of Tamil Nadu"
] |
[
{
"text": " Surjit Singh Barnala ( 21 October 1925 – 14 January 2017 ) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Punjab state from 1985 to 1987 . Following that he served as the governor of Tamil Nadu , Uttarakhand , Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a Union Minister on handling various portfolios .",
"title": "Surjit Singh Barnala"
},
{
"text": " Barnala was born in Begpur Village in Ateli Tehsil , Haryana . Born of a well-to-do family ( his father was a magistrate ) , Barnala passed law from Lucknow University in 1945 . In Lucknow , he was involved in the Quit India Movement of 1942 . Subsequently , he practised law for some years , and became politically active in the late 1960s , rising through the ranks of Akali Dal . Though , he first stood for election in 1952 but lost by a meagre 4 votes .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Barnalas first ministerial assignment was in 1969 when he has sworn in as education minister in the Justice Gurnam Singh Government and was instrumental in setting up the Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1977 he was elected to the Indian Parliament and was inducted in the Morarji Desai Cabinet as the agriculture minister at the time when the ministry included Irrigation Water Resources , Food , Environment and Forests , Consumer Affairs , Power and Chemical And Fertilizers and Rural Development . In 1978 , Barnala signed the historic Ganga Waters Agreement ( Farakka Agreement ) with Bangladesh .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1979 , during the turmoil in the national government when PM Morarji Desai resigned , the then-president Neelam Sanjiva Reddy toyed with the idea of appointing an interim government with Barnala as prime minister but had to drop the idea at the last moment , fearing horse-trading by a top member of the Cabinet , and Deputy Prime Minister Chaudhary Charan Singh assumed prime ministership .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Barnala served as chief minister of Punjab from 29 September 1985 until 11 May 1987 . Barnala , a member of the Sikh political party Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) , served as chief minister during a period of Sikh militant movement in Punjab . The state had under in Barnalas chief ministership from 1985 to 1987 , and after nearly two years in office , Presidents Rule was imposed .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "In 1996 , Barnala once again came close to becoming prime minister as in the 1996 Indian general election , with no political party getting a mandate , it was a good time for a regional party to have its prime minister . Regional parties accounted for about 80 MPs in the Lok Sabha . The Asom Gana Parishad of Prafulla Kumar Mahanta and Telugu Desam Party of Chandra Babu Naidu , including The Left parties , zeroed on Barnala , but at the last minute Barnalas parent party Shiromani Akali Dal led by Barnalas supposedly close friend Parkash Singh",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "Badal without informing Barnala joined hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party hence Barnala yet again missed being Prime Minister .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " In 1997 , Barnala was a candidate of the BJP and its allies in the election of the vice-president of India . In 1998 , Barnala was again elected to Parliament and became the minister for Chemical & Fertilizers and Food & Consumer Affairs in the Vajpayee Cabinet .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": "At the time of his death , he was the patron of a four-party alliance Sanja Morcha in Punjab . Like few other anti-Congress leaders of his time , he has spent about three and a half years in jail as a political prisoner , including 11 months in solitary confinement .",
"title": "Politics"
},
{
"text": " Since then , Barnala has served as a governor of several states . He first served as governor of Tamil Nadu from 1990 to 1991 for about nine months . Barnala refused to recommend the dismissal of the Tamil Nadu government , and when he was later transferred as governor of Bihar he chose to resign . He served as the lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands from December 1990 to 18 March 1993 .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "He was the first governor of Uttarakhand from its creation in 2000 until 2003 , and governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2003 to 2004 . During this time he also held additional charge of Orissa as governor for some time and was governor of Tamil Nadu till 31 August 2011 during his Tamil Nadu years . He also held additional charge of Puduchery for a few months . He is the second longest-serving governor in Indian history after Dr . A . R . Kidwai and the only governor to have served three terms in the history of Tamil Nadu",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": "State of 300 years .",
"title": "Governnoship"
},
{
"text": " In 1996 , Barnala authored a book , Story of an Escape , about his experiences of living a disguised life in various locations of India . His other book released in December 2007 is titled My Other Two Daughters and has been transliterated in braille by Kunwar Singh Negi . Barnala painted landscapes and political portraits , many of which are on display in the official residences he occupied in his various tenures . His paintings have also been sold in various fund raisers .",
"title": "Author and painter"
},
{
"text": "Surjit Singh Barnala was married to Surjit Kaur Barnala , who is also an active politician . In August 2009 , Surjit Kaur become the President of the Shiromani Akali Dal ( Longowal ) . The couple had three sons and a daughter . The eldest son , Jasjit Barnala , is not actively involved in politics and is a businessman . Their second son , Gaganjit is a politician . His youngest son , NeilInder , died in a road accident in 1996 and daughter , Amrit , in 2012 of cancer . He has 8 grandchildren varying from",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "37 years to 17 years old .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Barnala died at PGIMER hospital , Chandigarh , following a prolonged illness , on 14 January 2017 , aged 91 . He was admitted to the hospital on 12 January . He was cremated with full state honours at his native village on the next day .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": " - Biography on the Government of Tamil Nadu website - From Politics to Painting - CV of Barnala - Prime Minister , Chief Minister and other Minister great Mr . Barnala On his 86 bday",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Ally_Love#P54#0
|
Which team did Ally Love play for before May 2010?
|
Ally Love Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan . Career . Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire . After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 . Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde . Personal life . His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers . External links . - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )
|
[
"St Mirren"
] |
[
{
"text": " Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan .",
"title": "Ally Love"
},
{
"text": " Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Ally_Love#P54#1
|
Which team did Ally Love play for between Apr 2011 and Sep 2011?
|
Ally Love Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan . Career . Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire . After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 . Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde . Personal life . His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers . External links . - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )
|
[
"East Stirlingshire"
] |
[
{
"text": " Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan .",
"title": "Ally Love"
},
{
"text": " Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Ally_Love#P54#2
|
Which team did Ally Love play for in Jan 2013?
|
Ally Love Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan . Career . Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire . After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 . Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde . Personal life . His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers . External links . - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )
|
[
"Annan Athletic"
] |
[
{
"text": " Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan .",
"title": "Ally Love"
},
{
"text": " Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Ally_Love#P54#3
|
Which team did Ally Love play for after Sep 2014?
|
Ally Love Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan . Career . Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire . After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 . Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde . Personal life . His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers . External links . - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )
|
[
"Albion Rovers"
] |
[
{
"text": " Alistair Love ( born 22 August 1991 ) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender and winger for Clyde . Love has previously played for St Mirren , East Stirlingshire , Annan Athletic , Albion Rovers and Brechin City , as well as Stenhousemuir on loan .",
"title": "Ally Love"
},
{
"text": " Love began his career with St Mirren , where he also spent a loan spell at Stenhousemuir . On 13 May 2011 it was announced that Love would be one of 10 players leaving St . Mirren at the end of the 2010–11 season . In July 2011 he signed a one-month contract with East Stirlingshire .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "After a spell with Annan Athletic , Love signed for Albion Rovers in May 2014 . He scored on his debut for the club on 26 July 2014 , as Albion Rovers defeated local rivals Airdrieonians 4–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw in the Scottish Challenge Cup . After two seasons with the Wee Rovers , Love signed for fellow Scottish League One side Brechin City in May 2016 .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Love signed with Scottish League Two club Clyde on 1 January 2018 , until summer 2019 . Love was given a five-game ban for excessive misconduct by the Scottish Football Association after being found guilty of racially abusing Annan Athletic player Rabin Omar during Loves first appearance for Clyde .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His brother Robert was also a footballer , playing for Stenhousemuir and Albion Rovers .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - ( East Stirlingshire , Albion Rovers and Brechin City ) - ( St Mirren , Stenhousemuir and Annan Athletic )",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Jill_St._John#P26#0
|
Who was Jill St. John 's spouse in Nov 1960?
|
Jill St . John Jill St . John ( born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim ; August 19 , 1940 ) is an American actress . She is best known for playing Tiffany Case , the first American Bond girl of the 007 franchise , in Diamonds Are Forever . Additional performances in film include The Lost World , Tender Is the Night , Come Blow Your Horn , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination , Whos Minding the Store? , The Oscar , Tony Rome , Sitting Target and The Concrete Jungle . On television , St . John has appeared in such top rated shows as Batman , The Big Valley , Rowan & Martins Laugh-In , Hart to Hart , Vega$ , The Love Boat , Fantasy Island , Magnum , P.I . and Seinfeld . During her Hollywood heyday she was almost equally famous for her high-profile social life and frequent romantic associations with prominent public figures . St . John is married to actor Robert Wagner and has known him since she was 18 years old . They share credits on nearly a dozen screen and stage productions , notably the miniseries remake of Around the World in 80 Days . Early life . St . John was born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim in Los Angeles , California , the daughter of Edward Oppenheim , a prosperous restaurant owner , and his wife Betty ( née Goldberg ) , who became her stage mother . She has no siblings . As a young girl , St . John was a member of the Childrens Ballet Company with Natalie Wood and Stefanie Powers . All three would later marry or co-star with actor Robert Wagner . Her mother Betty changed Jills last name to St . John during her adolescence . Career . Child actress . St . John began acting on radio at age six , and made her screen debut in December 1949 , at age nine , in The Christmas Carol , the first full-length TV movie . She was in the TV show Sandy Dreams that same year . At age 11 , she appeared in two episodes of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show . She had a small role in the film Thunder in the East ( 1951 ) and was in episodes of Sky King , Fireside Theatre , and Cavalcade of America . She attended Powers Professional School and received her high school diploma from Hollywood Professional School in the spring of 1955 at age 14 . At age 15 , St . John enrolled at UCLAs Extension School . During this time , she appeared on a large number of radio shows , notably One Mans Family . Universal . In May 1957 , St . John was 16 when Universal Pictures signed her to a contract for seven years starting at $200 a week . Her major studio film debut was in Summer Love ( 1958 ) starring John Saxon . She also appeared on TV in episodes of The Christophers , Schlitz Playhouse , and The DuPont Show of the Month ( an adaptation of Junior Miss ) . She said her idol was Kay Kendall . 20th Century Fox . St John then signed a contract with 20th Century Fox who tried to build her into a star . She played the daughter of Clifton Webb in The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) and Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) , then was put in an adventure movie , The Lost World ( 1960 ) . Nothing but starlet parts , she later said . You know , the daughter , the niece , the girlfriend . Fox picked up their option on her . Warner Bros borrowed her for The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) , then she had a supporting role in Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) . Comedy . St . John had a key role in Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) , where she starred opposite Frank Sinatra . She received a Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance in the film . Im a comedienne , she said in 1963 . Ive never pretended to be a dramatic actress . But Im very funny . She followed this with a series of comedies : Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) with Jerry Lewis , Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) with Dean Martin and Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) with Robert Morse and Nancy Kwan . Now I play the sexy comedienne , which is my forte she said in 1964 . Comedy is what Ive always wanted to do . She guest-starred on television shows like Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Burkes Law , The Rogues , and Theatre of Stars . In 1964 , she guest-starred in the episode Take a Walk Through the Cemetery of the drama series Mr . Broadway . She also appeared in some variety specials with Bob Hope . MGM gave her the female lead in a spy spoof The Liquidator ( 1965 ) with Rod Taylor , and she was in The Oscar ( 1966 ) with Stephen Boyd . St . John appeared in the first and second episodes of the television series Batman ( 1966 ) as the Riddlers moll Molly . She was also in The Big Valley . Universal . St . John signed a contract at Universal . She was in a TV movie Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 ) , and had a supporting role in How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 ) with Robert Wagner . She did the Bob Hope comedy Eight on the Run ( 1967 ) , then made Banning ( 1967 ) with Wagner and The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) with Doug McClure . In 1966 , she said her goal was to be at a point where I have so proved myself as an actress that I can be more discriminating in the roles I choose . I want to be able to choose the parts I know I can do next . She was reunited with Sinatra in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) and did a TV movie The Spy Killer ( 1968 ) , which was popular enough for the sequel Foreign Exchange ( 1970 ) . She guested on The Name of the Game . Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 ) was a TV movie St . John did with Bob Newhart and Jean Simmons . James Bond . St . Johns most famous role was as diamond smuggler Tiffany Case , the love interest of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) , where she starred opposite Sean Connery . She was the first American to play a Bond girl . The character of Tiffany is argumentative , abrasive , loud , and brash when compared to previous Bond girls who were more demure ; she is meant to be a stereotypical commentary on American women , apparently . In 1972 , St . John appeared alongside Oliver Reed in the crime drama Sitting Target . Television . She did the TV movies Saga of Sonora ( 1973 ) and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) ( playing the title role ) , and guest-starred on The Love Boat , Magnum , P.I. , Fantasy Island and Matt Houston . St . John did the TV movies Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 ) and Rooster ( 1982 ) and was top-billed in the feature The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) , a woman in prison film . She had a small role in The Act ( 1983 ) . During 1983–1984 , she starred with Dennis Weaver on the short-lived soap opera Emerald Point N.A.S. , in which she played Deanna Kinkaid , Thomas Mallorys conniving former sister-in-law . Later career . St . John and Robert Wagner were in Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) ; Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) ; and The Calling ( 2002 ) . They made brief cameo appearances as themselves in Robert Altmans Hollywood satire The Player ( 1992 ) . In 1996 , they started appearing together on stage in Love Letters . In 1997 , the couple appeared together at the end of The Yada Yada episode of the television sitcom Seinfeld . St . John appeared without Wagner in Out There ( 1995 ) and The Trip ( 2002 ) . In 2014 , St . John played Mrs . Claus in the TV movie Northpole alongside Wagner , who played the part of Santa Claus . The film marked her first acting role after a 12-year absence from the screen . Other activities . In 1972 , St . John largely left Hollywood behind and moved to Aspen , Colorado , where she focused on personal interests and cooking . She eventually developed her interest in cooking into becoming a culinary personality , appearing in monthly cooking segments on ABC-TVs Good Morning America and with a column in USA Weekend magazine through the 1980s . This culminated in authoring The Jill St . John Cookbook ( 1987 ) , a healthy , but not health food , collection of recipes and some anecdotes . St . John also developed a handmade Angora sweater business , and became interested in orchid growing , skiing , hiking , river rafting , camping , and gardening . In 1987 , she said Im a mountain gal now . I love the outdoors and I love harvesting and using fresh vegetables and herbs . St . John is founder of the Aunts Club , a Rancho Mirage-based group of women who contribute at least $1,000 per year to provide financial support for a child . Personal life . St . John has been married four times : - Neil Dubin ( May 12 , 1957 – July 3 , 1958 ; divorced ) St . John was 16 years old when they eloped to Yuma , Arizona . Dubin was heir to a linen fortune . St . John complained that he harassed and ridiculed her . - Lance Reventlow ( March 24 , 1960 – October 30 , 1963 ; divorced ) Reventlow was the son of Barbara Hutton , heir to the F . W . Woolworth fortune . St . John received a settlement of $86,000 . Despite their divorce and subsequent remarriages , she refers to Reventlow as my late husband in interviews . - Jack Jones ( October 14 , 1967 – February 28 , 1969 ; divorced ) Jones said demands on his singing career and the traveling involved contributed to the breakup . - Robert Wagner ( May 26 , 1990 – present ) The couple first met in 1959 when they were contract players at 20th Century Fox , and have been together since Valentines Day 1982 . In between marriages , St . John dated entertainment , sports , and political personalities including Ben Barnes , Gianni Bulgari , Sammy Cahn , Michael Caine , Oleg Cassini , Barry Coe , Sean Connery , Ahmet Ertegun , Robert Evans , Glenn Ford , David Frost , Bill Hudson , Henry Kissinger , Sidney Korshak , Sandy Koufax , Peter Lawford , George Lazenby , Trini López , Tom Mankiewicz , George Montgomery , Jack Nicholson , Ogden Mills Phipps , Roman Polanski , Alejandro Rey , Tom Selleck , Frank Sinatra , U Thant , Robert Vaughn , Giovanni Volpi and Adam West . St . John was also romantically linked with criminal court judge Jerome M . Becker , ski instructor Ricky Head , Olympic ski champion Brownie Barnes , plastic surgeon Steven Zax , investment broker Lenny Ross , Chicago businessman Delbert W . Coleman and Brazilian entrepreneur Francisco Baby Pignatari . She was engaged to Miami real estate developer Robert Blum in 1974 , but called off the engagement . She has three stepdaughters : - Katie Wagner , born 1964 to Wagner and Marion Marshall - Natasha Gregson , born 1970 to Richard Gregson and Natalie Wood , but raised in the Wagner/St . John household after Wood died - Courtney Wagner , born 1974 to Wagner and Wood In July 2007 , Wagner and St . John sold the Brentwood ranchette they had lived on since 1983 , for a reported $14 million and relocated to their vacation home in Aspen . They retain a condo in L.A . Mutual animosity between St . John and her husbands former sister-in-law , actress Lana Wood , dates back to 1971 , when Sean Connery was simultaneously involved with both women during the filming of Diamonds Are Forever . The pairs half-century feud has been highlighted by two well-documented public altercations : one in September 1999 , when St . John refused to be photographed with Wood at a Bond girl reunion for Vanity Fair magazine , and another in February 2016 , when Wood crashed an event honoring St . John in Palm Springs and confronted Wagner over the reopened death case of her sister Natalie , who mysteriously drowned in 1981 while yachting with Wagner off the coast of Santa Catalina Island . Filmography . Film . - Thunder in the East ( 1952 ) as English Girl ( uncredited ) - Summer Love ( 1957 ) as Erica Landis - The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) as Kate Pennypacker - Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) as Meg Dean - The Lost World ( 1960 ) as Jennifer Holmes - The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) as Barbara Bingham - Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) as Rosemary Hoyt - Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) as Peggy John - Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) as Barbara Tuttle - Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) as Toby Tobler - Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) as Sherry Nugent - The Liquidator ( 1965 ) as Iris MacIntosh - The Oscar ( 1966 ) as Laurel Scott - Eight on the Lam ( 1967 ) as Monica - Banning ( 1967 ) as Angela Barr - The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) as Mistress Jessica Stephens - Tony Rome ( 1967 ) as Ann Archer - Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) as Tiffany Case - Sitting Target ( 1972 ) as Pat Lomart - The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) as Warden Fletcher - The Act ( 1984 ) as Elise - The Player ( 1992 ) as Jill St . John - Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) as Dr . Joanne Anderson - The Trip ( 2002 ) as Mary Oakley - The Calling ( 2002 ) as Elegant Lady Television . - Sandy Dreams ( 1949 ) - The Christmas Carol ( 1949 , TV Movie ) as Missie Cratchit - The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show ( 1951–1952 ) as Sherry Kelly / Jill Kelly - Sky King ( 1952 ) as Gretchen Gluckman - Fireside Theatre ( 1953 ) - Cavalcade of America ( 1954 ) - The Christophers ( 1957 ) - Schlitz Playhouse ( 1957 ) as Eloise - The DuPont Show of the Month ( 1957 ) as Lois Graves - Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre ( 1963–1965 ) as Janie Douglas / Faith / Bunky - Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1964 ) as Carol ( uncredited ) - Mr . Broadway ( 1964 ) as Herself - Burkes Law ( 1964 ) as Pinky Likewise - The Rogues ( 1965 ) as Jena Tate - Batman ( 1966 ) as Molly - The Big Valley ( 1966 ) as Barbary Red - Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 , TV Movie ) as Leona Purdy - How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 , TV Movie ) as Nikki Pine - Rowan & Martins Laugh-In ( 1968–1971 ) - The Spy Killer ( 1969 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Name of the Game ( 1969 ) as Michelle Howell - Foreign Exchange ( 1970 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Red Skelton Hour ( 1971 ) as Freida - Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 , TV Movie ) as Andrea Winters - Old Faithful ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Miss Roberts - Saga of Sonora ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Molly - Brenda Starr ( 1976 , TV Movie ) as Brenda Starr - Telethon ( 1977 , TV Movie ) as Fran Sullivan - Hart to Hart ( 1979 ) as Sylvia Maxwell - The Love Boat ( 1979–1982 ) as Laura / Sandy Wilson / Claire Dalrymple / Mitzi De Risi - Vega$ ( 1980 ) as Mavis Graham - Fantasy Island ( 1981–1982 ) as Ellen Layton / Jane Doe / Helen of Troy - Magnum , P.I . ( 1982 ) as Jan Kona - Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Miss Demandt - Rooster ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Joanna Van Eegan - Matt Houston ( 1982 ) as Karen Ann Douglas - Emerald Point N.A.S . ( 1983–1984 ) as Deanna Kincaid - Dempsey and Makepeace ( 1986 ) as Mara Giardino - J.J . Starbuck ( 1988 ) as Rachel Capstone - Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) as Woman mistaken for Princess Aouda - Out There ( 1995 , TV Movie ) as Bunny Wells - Seinfeld ( 1997 ) as Mrs . Abbott - Northpole ( 2014 , TV Movie ) as Mrs . Claus External links . - Jill St . John at Yahoo ! Movies - Jill St . John at the British Film Institute
|
[
"Lance Reventlow"
] |
[
{
"text": " Jill St . John ( born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim ; August 19 , 1940 ) is an American actress . She is best known for playing Tiffany Case , the first American Bond girl of the 007 franchise , in Diamonds Are Forever . Additional performances in film include The Lost World , Tender Is the Night , Come Blow Your Horn , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination , Whos Minding the Store? , The Oscar , Tony Rome , Sitting Target and The Concrete Jungle .",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": "On television , St . John has appeared in such top rated shows as Batman , The Big Valley , Rowan & Martins Laugh-In , Hart to Hart , Vega$ , The Love Boat , Fantasy Island , Magnum , P.I . and Seinfeld . During her Hollywood heyday she was almost equally famous for her high-profile social life and frequent romantic associations with prominent public figures . St . John is married to actor Robert Wagner and has known him since she was 18 years old . They share credits on nearly a dozen screen and stage productions ,",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": "notably the miniseries remake of Around the World in 80 Days .",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": " St . John was born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim in Los Angeles , California , the daughter of Edward Oppenheim , a prosperous restaurant owner , and his wife Betty ( née Goldberg ) , who became her stage mother . She has no siblings . As a young girl , St . John was a member of the Childrens Ballet Company with Natalie Wood and Stefanie Powers . All three would later marry or co-star with actor Robert Wagner . Her mother Betty changed Jills last name to St . John during her adolescence .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " St . John began acting on radio at age six , and made her screen debut in December 1949 , at age nine , in The Christmas Carol , the first full-length TV movie . She was in the TV show Sandy Dreams that same year . At age 11 , she appeared in two episodes of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show . She had a small role in the film Thunder in the East ( 1951 ) and was in episodes of Sky King , Fireside Theatre , and Cavalcade of America .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": "She attended Powers Professional School and received her high school diploma from Hollywood Professional School in the spring of 1955 at age 14 . At age 15 , St . John enrolled at UCLAs Extension School .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": " During this time , she appeared on a large number of radio shows , notably One Mans Family .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": " In May 1957 , St . John was 16 when Universal Pictures signed her to a contract for seven years starting at $200 a week . Her major studio film debut was in Summer Love ( 1958 ) starring John Saxon . She also appeared on TV in episodes of The Christophers , Schlitz Playhouse , and The DuPont Show of the Month ( an adaptation of Junior Miss ) . She said her idol was Kay Kendall . 20th Century Fox .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": "St John then signed a contract with 20th Century Fox who tried to build her into a star . She played the daughter of Clifton Webb in The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) and Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) , then was put in an adventure movie , The Lost World ( 1960 ) .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " Nothing but starlet parts , she later said . You know , the daughter , the niece , the girlfriend . Fox picked up their option on her . Warner Bros borrowed her for The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) , then she had a supporting role in Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " St . John had a key role in Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) , where she starred opposite Frank Sinatra . She received a Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance in the film . Im a comedienne , she said in 1963 . Ive never pretended to be a dramatic actress . But Im very funny .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": "She followed this with a series of comedies : Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) with Jerry Lewis , Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) with Dean Martin and Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) with Robert Morse and Nancy Kwan .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " Now I play the sexy comedienne , which is my forte she said in 1964 . Comedy is what Ive always wanted to do . She guest-starred on television shows like Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Burkes Law , The Rogues , and Theatre of Stars . In 1964 , she guest-starred in the episode Take a Walk Through the Cemetery of the drama series Mr . Broadway . She also appeared in some variety specials with Bob Hope .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": "MGM gave her the female lead in a spy spoof The Liquidator ( 1965 ) with Rod Taylor , and she was in The Oscar ( 1966 ) with Stephen Boyd .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " St . John appeared in the first and second episodes of the television series Batman ( 1966 ) as the Riddlers moll Molly . She was also in The Big Valley .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " St . John signed a contract at Universal . She was in a TV movie Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 ) , and had a supporting role in How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 ) with Robert Wagner . She did the Bob Hope comedy Eight on the Run ( 1967 ) , then made Banning ( 1967 ) with Wagner and The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) with Doug McClure .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": "In 1966 , she said her goal was to be at a point where I have so proved myself as an actress that I can be more discriminating in the roles I choose . I want to be able to choose the parts I know I can do next .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " She was reunited with Sinatra in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) and did a TV movie The Spy Killer ( 1968 ) , which was popular enough for the sequel Foreign Exchange ( 1970 ) . She guested on The Name of the Game . Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 ) was a TV movie St . John did with Bob Newhart and Jean Simmons .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " St . Johns most famous role was as diamond smuggler Tiffany Case , the love interest of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) , where she starred opposite Sean Connery . She was the first American to play a Bond girl . The character of Tiffany is argumentative , abrasive , loud , and brash when compared to previous Bond girls who were more demure ; she is meant to be a stereotypical commentary on American women , apparently .",
"title": "James Bond"
},
{
"text": "In 1972 , St . John appeared alongside Oliver Reed in the crime drama Sitting Target .",
"title": "James Bond"
},
{
"text": " She did the TV movies Saga of Sonora ( 1973 ) and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) ( playing the title role ) , and guest-starred on The Love Boat , Magnum , P.I. , Fantasy Island and Matt Houston . St . John did the TV movies Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 ) and Rooster ( 1982 ) and was top-billed in the feature The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) , a woman in prison film . She had a small role in The Act ( 1983 ) .",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "During 1983–1984 , she starred with Dennis Weaver on the short-lived soap opera Emerald Point N.A.S. , in which she played Deanna Kinkaid , Thomas Mallorys conniving former sister-in-law .",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " St . John and Robert Wagner were in Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) ; Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) ; and The Calling ( 2002 ) . They made brief cameo appearances as themselves in Robert Altmans Hollywood satire The Player ( 1992 ) . In 1996 , they started appearing together on stage in Love Letters . In 1997 , the couple appeared together at the end of The Yada Yada episode of the television sitcom Seinfeld .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "St . John appeared without Wagner in Out There ( 1995 ) and The Trip ( 2002 ) .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In 2014 , St . John played Mrs . Claus in the TV movie Northpole alongside Wagner , who played the part of Santa Claus . The film marked her first acting role after a 12-year absence from the screen .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In 1972 , St . John largely left Hollywood behind and moved to Aspen , Colorado , where she focused on personal interests and cooking . She eventually developed her interest in cooking into becoming a culinary personality , appearing in monthly cooking segments on ABC-TVs Good Morning America and with a column in USA Weekend magazine through the 1980s . This culminated in authoring The Jill St . John Cookbook ( 1987 ) , a healthy , but not health food , collection of recipes and some anecdotes .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": "St . John also developed a handmade Angora sweater business , and became interested in orchid growing , skiing , hiking , river rafting , camping , and gardening . In 1987 , she said Im a mountain gal now . I love the outdoors and I love harvesting and using fresh vegetables and herbs .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": " St . John is founder of the Aunts Club , a Rancho Mirage-based group of women who contribute at least $1,000 per year to provide financial support for a child .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": " St . John has been married four times : - Neil Dubin ( May 12 , 1957 – July 3 , 1958 ; divorced ) St . John was 16 years old when they eloped to Yuma , Arizona . Dubin was heir to a linen fortune . St . John complained that he harassed and ridiculed her .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "- Lance Reventlow ( March 24 , 1960 – October 30 , 1963 ; divorced ) Reventlow was the son of Barbara Hutton , heir to the F . W . Woolworth fortune . St . John received a settlement of $86,000 . Despite their divorce and subsequent remarriages , she refers to Reventlow as my late husband in interviews .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Jack Jones ( October 14 , 1967 – February 28 , 1969 ; divorced ) Jones said demands on his singing career and the traveling involved contributed to the breakup . - Robert Wagner ( May 26 , 1990 – present ) The couple first met in 1959 when they were contract players at 20th Century Fox , and have been together since Valentines Day 1982 .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In between marriages , St . John dated entertainment , sports , and political personalities including Ben Barnes , Gianni Bulgari , Sammy Cahn , Michael Caine , Oleg Cassini , Barry Coe , Sean Connery , Ahmet Ertegun , Robert Evans , Glenn Ford , David Frost , Bill Hudson , Henry Kissinger , Sidney Korshak , Sandy Koufax , Peter Lawford , George Lazenby , Trini López , Tom Mankiewicz , George Montgomery , Jack Nicholson , Ogden Mills Phipps , Roman Polanski , Alejandro Rey , Tom Selleck , Frank Sinatra , U Thant , Robert Vaughn",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": ", Giovanni Volpi and Adam West . St . John was also romantically linked with criminal court judge Jerome M . Becker , ski instructor Ricky Head , Olympic ski champion Brownie Barnes , plastic surgeon Steven Zax , investment broker Lenny Ross , Chicago businessman Delbert W . Coleman and Brazilian entrepreneur Francisco Baby Pignatari . She was engaged to Miami real estate developer Robert Blum in 1974 , but called off the engagement .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " She has three stepdaughters : - Katie Wagner , born 1964 to Wagner and Marion Marshall - Natasha Gregson , born 1970 to Richard Gregson and Natalie Wood , but raised in the Wagner/St . John household after Wood died - Courtney Wagner , born 1974 to Wagner and Wood In July 2007 , Wagner and St . John sold the Brentwood ranchette they had lived on since 1983 , for a reported $14 million and relocated to their vacation home in Aspen . They retain a condo in L.A .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Mutual animosity between St . John and her husbands former sister-in-law , actress Lana Wood , dates back to 1971 , when Sean Connery was simultaneously involved with both women during the filming of Diamonds Are Forever . The pairs half-century feud has been highlighted by two well-documented public altercations : one in September 1999 , when St . John refused to be photographed with Wood at a Bond girl reunion for Vanity Fair magazine , and another in February 2016 , when Wood crashed an event honoring St . John in Palm Springs and confronted Wagner over the reopened",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "death case of her sister Natalie , who mysteriously drowned in 1981 while yachting with Wagner off the coast of Santa Catalina Island .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Thunder in the East ( 1952 ) as English Girl ( uncredited ) - Summer Love ( 1957 ) as Erica Landis - The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) as Kate Pennypacker - Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) as Meg Dean - The Lost World ( 1960 ) as Jennifer Holmes - The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) as Barbara Bingham - Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) as Rosemary Hoyt - Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) as Peggy John",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": "- Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) as Barbara Tuttle",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) as Toby Tobler - Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) as Sherry Nugent - The Liquidator ( 1965 ) as Iris MacIntosh - The Oscar ( 1966 ) as Laurel Scott - Eight on the Lam ( 1967 ) as Monica - Banning ( 1967 ) as Angela Barr - The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) as Mistress Jessica Stephens - Tony Rome ( 1967 ) as Ann Archer - Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) as Tiffany Case - Sitting Target ( 1972 ) as Pat Lomart",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": "- The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) as Warden Fletcher",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - The Act ( 1984 ) as Elise - The Player ( 1992 ) as Jill St . John - Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) as Dr . Joanne Anderson - The Trip ( 2002 ) as Mary Oakley - The Calling ( 2002 ) as Elegant Lady",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Sandy Dreams ( 1949 ) - The Christmas Carol ( 1949 , TV Movie ) as Missie Cratchit - The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show ( 1951–1952 ) as Sherry Kelly / Jill Kelly - Sky King ( 1952 ) as Gretchen Gluckman - Fireside Theatre ( 1953 ) - Cavalcade of America ( 1954 ) - The Christophers ( 1957 ) - Schlitz Playhouse ( 1957 ) as Eloise - The DuPont Show of the Month ( 1957 ) as Lois Graves",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre ( 1963–1965 ) as Janie Douglas / Faith / Bunky",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1964 ) as Carol ( uncredited ) - Mr . Broadway ( 1964 ) as Herself - Burkes Law ( 1964 ) as Pinky Likewise - The Rogues ( 1965 ) as Jena Tate - Batman ( 1966 ) as Molly - The Big Valley ( 1966 ) as Barbary Red - Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 , TV Movie ) as Leona Purdy - How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 , TV Movie ) as Nikki Pine",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Rowan & Martins Laugh-In ( 1968–1971 )",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - The Spy Killer ( 1969 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Name of the Game ( 1969 ) as Michelle Howell - Foreign Exchange ( 1970 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Red Skelton Hour ( 1971 ) as Freida - Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 , TV Movie ) as Andrea Winters - Old Faithful ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Miss Roberts - Saga of Sonora ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Molly - Brenda Starr ( 1976 , TV Movie ) as Brenda Starr",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Telethon ( 1977 , TV Movie ) as Fran Sullivan",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Hart to Hart ( 1979 ) as Sylvia Maxwell - The Love Boat ( 1979–1982 ) as Laura / Sandy Wilson / Claire Dalrymple / Mitzi De Risi - Vega$ ( 1980 ) as Mavis Graham - Fantasy Island ( 1981–1982 ) as Ellen Layton / Jane Doe / Helen of Troy - Magnum , P.I . ( 1982 ) as Jan Kona - Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Miss Demandt - Rooster ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Joanna Van Eegan",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Matt Houston ( 1982 ) as Karen Ann Douglas",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Emerald Point N.A.S . ( 1983–1984 ) as Deanna Kincaid - Dempsey and Makepeace ( 1986 ) as Mara Giardino - J.J . Starbuck ( 1988 ) as Rachel Capstone - Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) as Woman mistaken for Princess Aouda - Out There ( 1995 , TV Movie ) as Bunny Wells - Seinfeld ( 1997 ) as Mrs . Abbott - Northpole ( 2014 , TV Movie ) as Mrs . Claus",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Jill St . John at Yahoo ! Movies - Jill St . John at the British Film Institute",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Jill_St._John#P26#1
|
Who was Jill St. John 's spouse between Sep 1967 and Feb 1968?
|
Jill St . John Jill St . John ( born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim ; August 19 , 1940 ) is an American actress . She is best known for playing Tiffany Case , the first American Bond girl of the 007 franchise , in Diamonds Are Forever . Additional performances in film include The Lost World , Tender Is the Night , Come Blow Your Horn , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination , Whos Minding the Store? , The Oscar , Tony Rome , Sitting Target and The Concrete Jungle . On television , St . John has appeared in such top rated shows as Batman , The Big Valley , Rowan & Martins Laugh-In , Hart to Hart , Vega$ , The Love Boat , Fantasy Island , Magnum , P.I . and Seinfeld . During her Hollywood heyday she was almost equally famous for her high-profile social life and frequent romantic associations with prominent public figures . St . John is married to actor Robert Wagner and has known him since she was 18 years old . They share credits on nearly a dozen screen and stage productions , notably the miniseries remake of Around the World in 80 Days . Early life . St . John was born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim in Los Angeles , California , the daughter of Edward Oppenheim , a prosperous restaurant owner , and his wife Betty ( née Goldberg ) , who became her stage mother . She has no siblings . As a young girl , St . John was a member of the Childrens Ballet Company with Natalie Wood and Stefanie Powers . All three would later marry or co-star with actor Robert Wagner . Her mother Betty changed Jills last name to St . John during her adolescence . Career . Child actress . St . John began acting on radio at age six , and made her screen debut in December 1949 , at age nine , in The Christmas Carol , the first full-length TV movie . She was in the TV show Sandy Dreams that same year . At age 11 , she appeared in two episodes of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show . She had a small role in the film Thunder in the East ( 1951 ) and was in episodes of Sky King , Fireside Theatre , and Cavalcade of America . She attended Powers Professional School and received her high school diploma from Hollywood Professional School in the spring of 1955 at age 14 . At age 15 , St . John enrolled at UCLAs Extension School . During this time , she appeared on a large number of radio shows , notably One Mans Family . Universal . In May 1957 , St . John was 16 when Universal Pictures signed her to a contract for seven years starting at $200 a week . Her major studio film debut was in Summer Love ( 1958 ) starring John Saxon . She also appeared on TV in episodes of The Christophers , Schlitz Playhouse , and The DuPont Show of the Month ( an adaptation of Junior Miss ) . She said her idol was Kay Kendall . 20th Century Fox . St John then signed a contract with 20th Century Fox who tried to build her into a star . She played the daughter of Clifton Webb in The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) and Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) , then was put in an adventure movie , The Lost World ( 1960 ) . Nothing but starlet parts , she later said . You know , the daughter , the niece , the girlfriend . Fox picked up their option on her . Warner Bros borrowed her for The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) , then she had a supporting role in Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) . Comedy . St . John had a key role in Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) , where she starred opposite Frank Sinatra . She received a Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance in the film . Im a comedienne , she said in 1963 . Ive never pretended to be a dramatic actress . But Im very funny . She followed this with a series of comedies : Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) with Jerry Lewis , Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) with Dean Martin and Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) with Robert Morse and Nancy Kwan . Now I play the sexy comedienne , which is my forte she said in 1964 . Comedy is what Ive always wanted to do . She guest-starred on television shows like Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Burkes Law , The Rogues , and Theatre of Stars . In 1964 , she guest-starred in the episode Take a Walk Through the Cemetery of the drama series Mr . Broadway . She also appeared in some variety specials with Bob Hope . MGM gave her the female lead in a spy spoof The Liquidator ( 1965 ) with Rod Taylor , and she was in The Oscar ( 1966 ) with Stephen Boyd . St . John appeared in the first and second episodes of the television series Batman ( 1966 ) as the Riddlers moll Molly . She was also in The Big Valley . Universal . St . John signed a contract at Universal . She was in a TV movie Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 ) , and had a supporting role in How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 ) with Robert Wagner . She did the Bob Hope comedy Eight on the Run ( 1967 ) , then made Banning ( 1967 ) with Wagner and The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) with Doug McClure . In 1966 , she said her goal was to be at a point where I have so proved myself as an actress that I can be more discriminating in the roles I choose . I want to be able to choose the parts I know I can do next . She was reunited with Sinatra in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) and did a TV movie The Spy Killer ( 1968 ) , which was popular enough for the sequel Foreign Exchange ( 1970 ) . She guested on The Name of the Game . Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 ) was a TV movie St . John did with Bob Newhart and Jean Simmons . James Bond . St . Johns most famous role was as diamond smuggler Tiffany Case , the love interest of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) , where she starred opposite Sean Connery . She was the first American to play a Bond girl . The character of Tiffany is argumentative , abrasive , loud , and brash when compared to previous Bond girls who were more demure ; she is meant to be a stereotypical commentary on American women , apparently . In 1972 , St . John appeared alongside Oliver Reed in the crime drama Sitting Target . Television . She did the TV movies Saga of Sonora ( 1973 ) and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) ( playing the title role ) , and guest-starred on The Love Boat , Magnum , P.I. , Fantasy Island and Matt Houston . St . John did the TV movies Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 ) and Rooster ( 1982 ) and was top-billed in the feature The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) , a woman in prison film . She had a small role in The Act ( 1983 ) . During 1983–1984 , she starred with Dennis Weaver on the short-lived soap opera Emerald Point N.A.S. , in which she played Deanna Kinkaid , Thomas Mallorys conniving former sister-in-law . Later career . St . John and Robert Wagner were in Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) ; Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) ; and The Calling ( 2002 ) . They made brief cameo appearances as themselves in Robert Altmans Hollywood satire The Player ( 1992 ) . In 1996 , they started appearing together on stage in Love Letters . In 1997 , the couple appeared together at the end of The Yada Yada episode of the television sitcom Seinfeld . St . John appeared without Wagner in Out There ( 1995 ) and The Trip ( 2002 ) . In 2014 , St . John played Mrs . Claus in the TV movie Northpole alongside Wagner , who played the part of Santa Claus . The film marked her first acting role after a 12-year absence from the screen . Other activities . In 1972 , St . John largely left Hollywood behind and moved to Aspen , Colorado , where she focused on personal interests and cooking . She eventually developed her interest in cooking into becoming a culinary personality , appearing in monthly cooking segments on ABC-TVs Good Morning America and with a column in USA Weekend magazine through the 1980s . This culminated in authoring The Jill St . John Cookbook ( 1987 ) , a healthy , but not health food , collection of recipes and some anecdotes . St . John also developed a handmade Angora sweater business , and became interested in orchid growing , skiing , hiking , river rafting , camping , and gardening . In 1987 , she said Im a mountain gal now . I love the outdoors and I love harvesting and using fresh vegetables and herbs . St . John is founder of the Aunts Club , a Rancho Mirage-based group of women who contribute at least $1,000 per year to provide financial support for a child . Personal life . St . John has been married four times : - Neil Dubin ( May 12 , 1957 – July 3 , 1958 ; divorced ) St . John was 16 years old when they eloped to Yuma , Arizona . Dubin was heir to a linen fortune . St . John complained that he harassed and ridiculed her . - Lance Reventlow ( March 24 , 1960 – October 30 , 1963 ; divorced ) Reventlow was the son of Barbara Hutton , heir to the F . W . Woolworth fortune . St . John received a settlement of $86,000 . Despite their divorce and subsequent remarriages , she refers to Reventlow as my late husband in interviews . - Jack Jones ( October 14 , 1967 – February 28 , 1969 ; divorced ) Jones said demands on his singing career and the traveling involved contributed to the breakup . - Robert Wagner ( May 26 , 1990 – present ) The couple first met in 1959 when they were contract players at 20th Century Fox , and have been together since Valentines Day 1982 . In between marriages , St . John dated entertainment , sports , and political personalities including Ben Barnes , Gianni Bulgari , Sammy Cahn , Michael Caine , Oleg Cassini , Barry Coe , Sean Connery , Ahmet Ertegun , Robert Evans , Glenn Ford , David Frost , Bill Hudson , Henry Kissinger , Sidney Korshak , Sandy Koufax , Peter Lawford , George Lazenby , Trini López , Tom Mankiewicz , George Montgomery , Jack Nicholson , Ogden Mills Phipps , Roman Polanski , Alejandro Rey , Tom Selleck , Frank Sinatra , U Thant , Robert Vaughn , Giovanni Volpi and Adam West . St . John was also romantically linked with criminal court judge Jerome M . Becker , ski instructor Ricky Head , Olympic ski champion Brownie Barnes , plastic surgeon Steven Zax , investment broker Lenny Ross , Chicago businessman Delbert W . Coleman and Brazilian entrepreneur Francisco Baby Pignatari . She was engaged to Miami real estate developer Robert Blum in 1974 , but called off the engagement . She has three stepdaughters : - Katie Wagner , born 1964 to Wagner and Marion Marshall - Natasha Gregson , born 1970 to Richard Gregson and Natalie Wood , but raised in the Wagner/St . John household after Wood died - Courtney Wagner , born 1974 to Wagner and Wood In July 2007 , Wagner and St . John sold the Brentwood ranchette they had lived on since 1983 , for a reported $14 million and relocated to their vacation home in Aspen . They retain a condo in L.A . Mutual animosity between St . John and her husbands former sister-in-law , actress Lana Wood , dates back to 1971 , when Sean Connery was simultaneously involved with both women during the filming of Diamonds Are Forever . The pairs half-century feud has been highlighted by two well-documented public altercations : one in September 1999 , when St . John refused to be photographed with Wood at a Bond girl reunion for Vanity Fair magazine , and another in February 2016 , when Wood crashed an event honoring St . John in Palm Springs and confronted Wagner over the reopened death case of her sister Natalie , who mysteriously drowned in 1981 while yachting with Wagner off the coast of Santa Catalina Island . Filmography . Film . - Thunder in the East ( 1952 ) as English Girl ( uncredited ) - Summer Love ( 1957 ) as Erica Landis - The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) as Kate Pennypacker - Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) as Meg Dean - The Lost World ( 1960 ) as Jennifer Holmes - The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) as Barbara Bingham - Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) as Rosemary Hoyt - Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) as Peggy John - Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) as Barbara Tuttle - Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) as Toby Tobler - Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) as Sherry Nugent - The Liquidator ( 1965 ) as Iris MacIntosh - The Oscar ( 1966 ) as Laurel Scott - Eight on the Lam ( 1967 ) as Monica - Banning ( 1967 ) as Angela Barr - The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) as Mistress Jessica Stephens - Tony Rome ( 1967 ) as Ann Archer - Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) as Tiffany Case - Sitting Target ( 1972 ) as Pat Lomart - The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) as Warden Fletcher - The Act ( 1984 ) as Elise - The Player ( 1992 ) as Jill St . John - Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) as Dr . Joanne Anderson - The Trip ( 2002 ) as Mary Oakley - The Calling ( 2002 ) as Elegant Lady Television . - Sandy Dreams ( 1949 ) - The Christmas Carol ( 1949 , TV Movie ) as Missie Cratchit - The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show ( 1951–1952 ) as Sherry Kelly / Jill Kelly - Sky King ( 1952 ) as Gretchen Gluckman - Fireside Theatre ( 1953 ) - Cavalcade of America ( 1954 ) - The Christophers ( 1957 ) - Schlitz Playhouse ( 1957 ) as Eloise - The DuPont Show of the Month ( 1957 ) as Lois Graves - Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre ( 1963–1965 ) as Janie Douglas / Faith / Bunky - Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1964 ) as Carol ( uncredited ) - Mr . Broadway ( 1964 ) as Herself - Burkes Law ( 1964 ) as Pinky Likewise - The Rogues ( 1965 ) as Jena Tate - Batman ( 1966 ) as Molly - The Big Valley ( 1966 ) as Barbary Red - Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 , TV Movie ) as Leona Purdy - How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 , TV Movie ) as Nikki Pine - Rowan & Martins Laugh-In ( 1968–1971 ) - The Spy Killer ( 1969 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Name of the Game ( 1969 ) as Michelle Howell - Foreign Exchange ( 1970 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Red Skelton Hour ( 1971 ) as Freida - Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 , TV Movie ) as Andrea Winters - Old Faithful ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Miss Roberts - Saga of Sonora ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Molly - Brenda Starr ( 1976 , TV Movie ) as Brenda Starr - Telethon ( 1977 , TV Movie ) as Fran Sullivan - Hart to Hart ( 1979 ) as Sylvia Maxwell - The Love Boat ( 1979–1982 ) as Laura / Sandy Wilson / Claire Dalrymple / Mitzi De Risi - Vega$ ( 1980 ) as Mavis Graham - Fantasy Island ( 1981–1982 ) as Ellen Layton / Jane Doe / Helen of Troy - Magnum , P.I . ( 1982 ) as Jan Kona - Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Miss Demandt - Rooster ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Joanna Van Eegan - Matt Houston ( 1982 ) as Karen Ann Douglas - Emerald Point N.A.S . ( 1983–1984 ) as Deanna Kincaid - Dempsey and Makepeace ( 1986 ) as Mara Giardino - J.J . Starbuck ( 1988 ) as Rachel Capstone - Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) as Woman mistaken for Princess Aouda - Out There ( 1995 , TV Movie ) as Bunny Wells - Seinfeld ( 1997 ) as Mrs . Abbott - Northpole ( 2014 , TV Movie ) as Mrs . Claus External links . - Jill St . John at Yahoo ! Movies - Jill St . John at the British Film Institute
|
[
"Jack Jones"
] |
[
{
"text": " Jill St . John ( born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim ; August 19 , 1940 ) is an American actress . She is best known for playing Tiffany Case , the first American Bond girl of the 007 franchise , in Diamonds Are Forever . Additional performances in film include The Lost World , Tender Is the Night , Come Blow Your Horn , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination , Whos Minding the Store? , The Oscar , Tony Rome , Sitting Target and The Concrete Jungle .",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": "On television , St . John has appeared in such top rated shows as Batman , The Big Valley , Rowan & Martins Laugh-In , Hart to Hart , Vega$ , The Love Boat , Fantasy Island , Magnum , P.I . and Seinfeld . During her Hollywood heyday she was almost equally famous for her high-profile social life and frequent romantic associations with prominent public figures . St . John is married to actor Robert Wagner and has known him since she was 18 years old . They share credits on nearly a dozen screen and stage productions ,",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": "notably the miniseries remake of Around the World in 80 Days .",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": " St . John was born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim in Los Angeles , California , the daughter of Edward Oppenheim , a prosperous restaurant owner , and his wife Betty ( née Goldberg ) , who became her stage mother . She has no siblings . As a young girl , St . John was a member of the Childrens Ballet Company with Natalie Wood and Stefanie Powers . All three would later marry or co-star with actor Robert Wagner . Her mother Betty changed Jills last name to St . John during her adolescence .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " St . John began acting on radio at age six , and made her screen debut in December 1949 , at age nine , in The Christmas Carol , the first full-length TV movie . She was in the TV show Sandy Dreams that same year . At age 11 , she appeared in two episodes of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show . She had a small role in the film Thunder in the East ( 1951 ) and was in episodes of Sky King , Fireside Theatre , and Cavalcade of America .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": "She attended Powers Professional School and received her high school diploma from Hollywood Professional School in the spring of 1955 at age 14 . At age 15 , St . John enrolled at UCLAs Extension School .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": " During this time , she appeared on a large number of radio shows , notably One Mans Family .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": " In May 1957 , St . John was 16 when Universal Pictures signed her to a contract for seven years starting at $200 a week . Her major studio film debut was in Summer Love ( 1958 ) starring John Saxon . She also appeared on TV in episodes of The Christophers , Schlitz Playhouse , and The DuPont Show of the Month ( an adaptation of Junior Miss ) . She said her idol was Kay Kendall . 20th Century Fox .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": "St John then signed a contract with 20th Century Fox who tried to build her into a star . She played the daughter of Clifton Webb in The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) and Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) , then was put in an adventure movie , The Lost World ( 1960 ) .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " Nothing but starlet parts , she later said . You know , the daughter , the niece , the girlfriend . Fox picked up their option on her . Warner Bros borrowed her for The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) , then she had a supporting role in Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " St . John had a key role in Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) , where she starred opposite Frank Sinatra . She received a Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance in the film . Im a comedienne , she said in 1963 . Ive never pretended to be a dramatic actress . But Im very funny .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": "She followed this with a series of comedies : Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) with Jerry Lewis , Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) with Dean Martin and Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) with Robert Morse and Nancy Kwan .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " Now I play the sexy comedienne , which is my forte she said in 1964 . Comedy is what Ive always wanted to do . She guest-starred on television shows like Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Burkes Law , The Rogues , and Theatre of Stars . In 1964 , she guest-starred in the episode Take a Walk Through the Cemetery of the drama series Mr . Broadway . She also appeared in some variety specials with Bob Hope .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": "MGM gave her the female lead in a spy spoof The Liquidator ( 1965 ) with Rod Taylor , and she was in The Oscar ( 1966 ) with Stephen Boyd .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " St . John appeared in the first and second episodes of the television series Batman ( 1966 ) as the Riddlers moll Molly . She was also in The Big Valley .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " St . John signed a contract at Universal . She was in a TV movie Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 ) , and had a supporting role in How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 ) with Robert Wagner . She did the Bob Hope comedy Eight on the Run ( 1967 ) , then made Banning ( 1967 ) with Wagner and The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) with Doug McClure .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": "In 1966 , she said her goal was to be at a point where I have so proved myself as an actress that I can be more discriminating in the roles I choose . I want to be able to choose the parts I know I can do next .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " She was reunited with Sinatra in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) and did a TV movie The Spy Killer ( 1968 ) , which was popular enough for the sequel Foreign Exchange ( 1970 ) . She guested on The Name of the Game . Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 ) was a TV movie St . John did with Bob Newhart and Jean Simmons .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " St . Johns most famous role was as diamond smuggler Tiffany Case , the love interest of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) , where she starred opposite Sean Connery . She was the first American to play a Bond girl . The character of Tiffany is argumentative , abrasive , loud , and brash when compared to previous Bond girls who were more demure ; she is meant to be a stereotypical commentary on American women , apparently .",
"title": "James Bond"
},
{
"text": "In 1972 , St . John appeared alongside Oliver Reed in the crime drama Sitting Target .",
"title": "James Bond"
},
{
"text": " She did the TV movies Saga of Sonora ( 1973 ) and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) ( playing the title role ) , and guest-starred on The Love Boat , Magnum , P.I. , Fantasy Island and Matt Houston . St . John did the TV movies Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 ) and Rooster ( 1982 ) and was top-billed in the feature The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) , a woman in prison film . She had a small role in The Act ( 1983 ) .",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "During 1983–1984 , she starred with Dennis Weaver on the short-lived soap opera Emerald Point N.A.S. , in which she played Deanna Kinkaid , Thomas Mallorys conniving former sister-in-law .",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " St . John and Robert Wagner were in Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) ; Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) ; and The Calling ( 2002 ) . They made brief cameo appearances as themselves in Robert Altmans Hollywood satire The Player ( 1992 ) . In 1996 , they started appearing together on stage in Love Letters . In 1997 , the couple appeared together at the end of The Yada Yada episode of the television sitcom Seinfeld .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "St . John appeared without Wagner in Out There ( 1995 ) and The Trip ( 2002 ) .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In 2014 , St . John played Mrs . Claus in the TV movie Northpole alongside Wagner , who played the part of Santa Claus . The film marked her first acting role after a 12-year absence from the screen .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In 1972 , St . John largely left Hollywood behind and moved to Aspen , Colorado , where she focused on personal interests and cooking . She eventually developed her interest in cooking into becoming a culinary personality , appearing in monthly cooking segments on ABC-TVs Good Morning America and with a column in USA Weekend magazine through the 1980s . This culminated in authoring The Jill St . John Cookbook ( 1987 ) , a healthy , but not health food , collection of recipes and some anecdotes .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": "St . John also developed a handmade Angora sweater business , and became interested in orchid growing , skiing , hiking , river rafting , camping , and gardening . In 1987 , she said Im a mountain gal now . I love the outdoors and I love harvesting and using fresh vegetables and herbs .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": " St . John is founder of the Aunts Club , a Rancho Mirage-based group of women who contribute at least $1,000 per year to provide financial support for a child .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": " St . John has been married four times : - Neil Dubin ( May 12 , 1957 – July 3 , 1958 ; divorced ) St . John was 16 years old when they eloped to Yuma , Arizona . Dubin was heir to a linen fortune . St . John complained that he harassed and ridiculed her .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "- Lance Reventlow ( March 24 , 1960 – October 30 , 1963 ; divorced ) Reventlow was the son of Barbara Hutton , heir to the F . W . Woolworth fortune . St . John received a settlement of $86,000 . Despite their divorce and subsequent remarriages , she refers to Reventlow as my late husband in interviews .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Jack Jones ( October 14 , 1967 – February 28 , 1969 ; divorced ) Jones said demands on his singing career and the traveling involved contributed to the breakup . - Robert Wagner ( May 26 , 1990 – present ) The couple first met in 1959 when they were contract players at 20th Century Fox , and have been together since Valentines Day 1982 .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In between marriages , St . John dated entertainment , sports , and political personalities including Ben Barnes , Gianni Bulgari , Sammy Cahn , Michael Caine , Oleg Cassini , Barry Coe , Sean Connery , Ahmet Ertegun , Robert Evans , Glenn Ford , David Frost , Bill Hudson , Henry Kissinger , Sidney Korshak , Sandy Koufax , Peter Lawford , George Lazenby , Trini López , Tom Mankiewicz , George Montgomery , Jack Nicholson , Ogden Mills Phipps , Roman Polanski , Alejandro Rey , Tom Selleck , Frank Sinatra , U Thant , Robert Vaughn",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": ", Giovanni Volpi and Adam West . St . John was also romantically linked with criminal court judge Jerome M . Becker , ski instructor Ricky Head , Olympic ski champion Brownie Barnes , plastic surgeon Steven Zax , investment broker Lenny Ross , Chicago businessman Delbert W . Coleman and Brazilian entrepreneur Francisco Baby Pignatari . She was engaged to Miami real estate developer Robert Blum in 1974 , but called off the engagement .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " She has three stepdaughters : - Katie Wagner , born 1964 to Wagner and Marion Marshall - Natasha Gregson , born 1970 to Richard Gregson and Natalie Wood , but raised in the Wagner/St . John household after Wood died - Courtney Wagner , born 1974 to Wagner and Wood In July 2007 , Wagner and St . John sold the Brentwood ranchette they had lived on since 1983 , for a reported $14 million and relocated to their vacation home in Aspen . They retain a condo in L.A .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Mutual animosity between St . John and her husbands former sister-in-law , actress Lana Wood , dates back to 1971 , when Sean Connery was simultaneously involved with both women during the filming of Diamonds Are Forever . The pairs half-century feud has been highlighted by two well-documented public altercations : one in September 1999 , when St . John refused to be photographed with Wood at a Bond girl reunion for Vanity Fair magazine , and another in February 2016 , when Wood crashed an event honoring St . John in Palm Springs and confronted Wagner over the reopened",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "death case of her sister Natalie , who mysteriously drowned in 1981 while yachting with Wagner off the coast of Santa Catalina Island .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Thunder in the East ( 1952 ) as English Girl ( uncredited ) - Summer Love ( 1957 ) as Erica Landis - The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) as Kate Pennypacker - Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) as Meg Dean - The Lost World ( 1960 ) as Jennifer Holmes - The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) as Barbara Bingham - Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) as Rosemary Hoyt - Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) as Peggy John",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": "- Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) as Barbara Tuttle",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) as Toby Tobler - Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) as Sherry Nugent - The Liquidator ( 1965 ) as Iris MacIntosh - The Oscar ( 1966 ) as Laurel Scott - Eight on the Lam ( 1967 ) as Monica - Banning ( 1967 ) as Angela Barr - The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) as Mistress Jessica Stephens - Tony Rome ( 1967 ) as Ann Archer - Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) as Tiffany Case - Sitting Target ( 1972 ) as Pat Lomart",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": "- The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) as Warden Fletcher",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - The Act ( 1984 ) as Elise - The Player ( 1992 ) as Jill St . John - Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) as Dr . Joanne Anderson - The Trip ( 2002 ) as Mary Oakley - The Calling ( 2002 ) as Elegant Lady",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Sandy Dreams ( 1949 ) - The Christmas Carol ( 1949 , TV Movie ) as Missie Cratchit - The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show ( 1951–1952 ) as Sherry Kelly / Jill Kelly - Sky King ( 1952 ) as Gretchen Gluckman - Fireside Theatre ( 1953 ) - Cavalcade of America ( 1954 ) - The Christophers ( 1957 ) - Schlitz Playhouse ( 1957 ) as Eloise - The DuPont Show of the Month ( 1957 ) as Lois Graves",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre ( 1963–1965 ) as Janie Douglas / Faith / Bunky",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1964 ) as Carol ( uncredited ) - Mr . Broadway ( 1964 ) as Herself - Burkes Law ( 1964 ) as Pinky Likewise - The Rogues ( 1965 ) as Jena Tate - Batman ( 1966 ) as Molly - The Big Valley ( 1966 ) as Barbary Red - Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 , TV Movie ) as Leona Purdy - How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 , TV Movie ) as Nikki Pine",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Rowan & Martins Laugh-In ( 1968–1971 )",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - The Spy Killer ( 1969 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Name of the Game ( 1969 ) as Michelle Howell - Foreign Exchange ( 1970 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Red Skelton Hour ( 1971 ) as Freida - Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 , TV Movie ) as Andrea Winters - Old Faithful ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Miss Roberts - Saga of Sonora ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Molly - Brenda Starr ( 1976 , TV Movie ) as Brenda Starr",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Telethon ( 1977 , TV Movie ) as Fran Sullivan",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Hart to Hart ( 1979 ) as Sylvia Maxwell - The Love Boat ( 1979–1982 ) as Laura / Sandy Wilson / Claire Dalrymple / Mitzi De Risi - Vega$ ( 1980 ) as Mavis Graham - Fantasy Island ( 1981–1982 ) as Ellen Layton / Jane Doe / Helen of Troy - Magnum , P.I . ( 1982 ) as Jan Kona - Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Miss Demandt - Rooster ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Joanna Van Eegan",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Matt Houston ( 1982 ) as Karen Ann Douglas",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Emerald Point N.A.S . ( 1983–1984 ) as Deanna Kincaid - Dempsey and Makepeace ( 1986 ) as Mara Giardino - J.J . Starbuck ( 1988 ) as Rachel Capstone - Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) as Woman mistaken for Princess Aouda - Out There ( 1995 , TV Movie ) as Bunny Wells - Seinfeld ( 1997 ) as Mrs . Abbott - Northpole ( 2014 , TV Movie ) as Mrs . Claus",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Jill St . John at Yahoo ! Movies - Jill St . John at the British Film Institute",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Jill_St._John#P26#2
|
Who was Jill St. John 's spouse between Dec 1990 and 1991?
|
Jill St . John Jill St . John ( born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim ; August 19 , 1940 ) is an American actress . She is best known for playing Tiffany Case , the first American Bond girl of the 007 franchise , in Diamonds Are Forever . Additional performances in film include The Lost World , Tender Is the Night , Come Blow Your Horn , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination , Whos Minding the Store? , The Oscar , Tony Rome , Sitting Target and The Concrete Jungle . On television , St . John has appeared in such top rated shows as Batman , The Big Valley , Rowan & Martins Laugh-In , Hart to Hart , Vega$ , The Love Boat , Fantasy Island , Magnum , P.I . and Seinfeld . During her Hollywood heyday she was almost equally famous for her high-profile social life and frequent romantic associations with prominent public figures . St . John is married to actor Robert Wagner and has known him since she was 18 years old . They share credits on nearly a dozen screen and stage productions , notably the miniseries remake of Around the World in 80 Days . Early life . St . John was born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim in Los Angeles , California , the daughter of Edward Oppenheim , a prosperous restaurant owner , and his wife Betty ( née Goldberg ) , who became her stage mother . She has no siblings . As a young girl , St . John was a member of the Childrens Ballet Company with Natalie Wood and Stefanie Powers . All three would later marry or co-star with actor Robert Wagner . Her mother Betty changed Jills last name to St . John during her adolescence . Career . Child actress . St . John began acting on radio at age six , and made her screen debut in December 1949 , at age nine , in The Christmas Carol , the first full-length TV movie . She was in the TV show Sandy Dreams that same year . At age 11 , she appeared in two episodes of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show . She had a small role in the film Thunder in the East ( 1951 ) and was in episodes of Sky King , Fireside Theatre , and Cavalcade of America . She attended Powers Professional School and received her high school diploma from Hollywood Professional School in the spring of 1955 at age 14 . At age 15 , St . John enrolled at UCLAs Extension School . During this time , she appeared on a large number of radio shows , notably One Mans Family . Universal . In May 1957 , St . John was 16 when Universal Pictures signed her to a contract for seven years starting at $200 a week . Her major studio film debut was in Summer Love ( 1958 ) starring John Saxon . She also appeared on TV in episodes of The Christophers , Schlitz Playhouse , and The DuPont Show of the Month ( an adaptation of Junior Miss ) . She said her idol was Kay Kendall . 20th Century Fox . St John then signed a contract with 20th Century Fox who tried to build her into a star . She played the daughter of Clifton Webb in The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) and Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) , then was put in an adventure movie , The Lost World ( 1960 ) . Nothing but starlet parts , she later said . You know , the daughter , the niece , the girlfriend . Fox picked up their option on her . Warner Bros borrowed her for The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) , then she had a supporting role in Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) . Comedy . St . John had a key role in Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) , where she starred opposite Frank Sinatra . She received a Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance in the film . Im a comedienne , she said in 1963 . Ive never pretended to be a dramatic actress . But Im very funny . She followed this with a series of comedies : Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) with Jerry Lewis , Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) with Dean Martin and Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) with Robert Morse and Nancy Kwan . Now I play the sexy comedienne , which is my forte she said in 1964 . Comedy is what Ive always wanted to do . She guest-starred on television shows like Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Burkes Law , The Rogues , and Theatre of Stars . In 1964 , she guest-starred in the episode Take a Walk Through the Cemetery of the drama series Mr . Broadway . She also appeared in some variety specials with Bob Hope . MGM gave her the female lead in a spy spoof The Liquidator ( 1965 ) with Rod Taylor , and she was in The Oscar ( 1966 ) with Stephen Boyd . St . John appeared in the first and second episodes of the television series Batman ( 1966 ) as the Riddlers moll Molly . She was also in The Big Valley . Universal . St . John signed a contract at Universal . She was in a TV movie Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 ) , and had a supporting role in How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 ) with Robert Wagner . She did the Bob Hope comedy Eight on the Run ( 1967 ) , then made Banning ( 1967 ) with Wagner and The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) with Doug McClure . In 1966 , she said her goal was to be at a point where I have so proved myself as an actress that I can be more discriminating in the roles I choose . I want to be able to choose the parts I know I can do next . She was reunited with Sinatra in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) and did a TV movie The Spy Killer ( 1968 ) , which was popular enough for the sequel Foreign Exchange ( 1970 ) . She guested on The Name of the Game . Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 ) was a TV movie St . John did with Bob Newhart and Jean Simmons . James Bond . St . Johns most famous role was as diamond smuggler Tiffany Case , the love interest of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) , where she starred opposite Sean Connery . She was the first American to play a Bond girl . The character of Tiffany is argumentative , abrasive , loud , and brash when compared to previous Bond girls who were more demure ; she is meant to be a stereotypical commentary on American women , apparently . In 1972 , St . John appeared alongside Oliver Reed in the crime drama Sitting Target . Television . She did the TV movies Saga of Sonora ( 1973 ) and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) ( playing the title role ) , and guest-starred on The Love Boat , Magnum , P.I. , Fantasy Island and Matt Houston . St . John did the TV movies Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 ) and Rooster ( 1982 ) and was top-billed in the feature The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) , a woman in prison film . She had a small role in The Act ( 1983 ) . During 1983–1984 , she starred with Dennis Weaver on the short-lived soap opera Emerald Point N.A.S. , in which she played Deanna Kinkaid , Thomas Mallorys conniving former sister-in-law . Later career . St . John and Robert Wagner were in Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) ; Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) ; and The Calling ( 2002 ) . They made brief cameo appearances as themselves in Robert Altmans Hollywood satire The Player ( 1992 ) . In 1996 , they started appearing together on stage in Love Letters . In 1997 , the couple appeared together at the end of The Yada Yada episode of the television sitcom Seinfeld . St . John appeared without Wagner in Out There ( 1995 ) and The Trip ( 2002 ) . In 2014 , St . John played Mrs . Claus in the TV movie Northpole alongside Wagner , who played the part of Santa Claus . The film marked her first acting role after a 12-year absence from the screen . Other activities . In 1972 , St . John largely left Hollywood behind and moved to Aspen , Colorado , where she focused on personal interests and cooking . She eventually developed her interest in cooking into becoming a culinary personality , appearing in monthly cooking segments on ABC-TVs Good Morning America and with a column in USA Weekend magazine through the 1980s . This culminated in authoring The Jill St . John Cookbook ( 1987 ) , a healthy , but not health food , collection of recipes and some anecdotes . St . John also developed a handmade Angora sweater business , and became interested in orchid growing , skiing , hiking , river rafting , camping , and gardening . In 1987 , she said Im a mountain gal now . I love the outdoors and I love harvesting and using fresh vegetables and herbs . St . John is founder of the Aunts Club , a Rancho Mirage-based group of women who contribute at least $1,000 per year to provide financial support for a child . Personal life . St . John has been married four times : - Neil Dubin ( May 12 , 1957 – July 3 , 1958 ; divorced ) St . John was 16 years old when they eloped to Yuma , Arizona . Dubin was heir to a linen fortune . St . John complained that he harassed and ridiculed her . - Lance Reventlow ( March 24 , 1960 – October 30 , 1963 ; divorced ) Reventlow was the son of Barbara Hutton , heir to the F . W . Woolworth fortune . St . John received a settlement of $86,000 . Despite their divorce and subsequent remarriages , she refers to Reventlow as my late husband in interviews . - Jack Jones ( October 14 , 1967 – February 28 , 1969 ; divorced ) Jones said demands on his singing career and the traveling involved contributed to the breakup . - Robert Wagner ( May 26 , 1990 – present ) The couple first met in 1959 when they were contract players at 20th Century Fox , and have been together since Valentines Day 1982 . In between marriages , St . John dated entertainment , sports , and political personalities including Ben Barnes , Gianni Bulgari , Sammy Cahn , Michael Caine , Oleg Cassini , Barry Coe , Sean Connery , Ahmet Ertegun , Robert Evans , Glenn Ford , David Frost , Bill Hudson , Henry Kissinger , Sidney Korshak , Sandy Koufax , Peter Lawford , George Lazenby , Trini López , Tom Mankiewicz , George Montgomery , Jack Nicholson , Ogden Mills Phipps , Roman Polanski , Alejandro Rey , Tom Selleck , Frank Sinatra , U Thant , Robert Vaughn , Giovanni Volpi and Adam West . St . John was also romantically linked with criminal court judge Jerome M . Becker , ski instructor Ricky Head , Olympic ski champion Brownie Barnes , plastic surgeon Steven Zax , investment broker Lenny Ross , Chicago businessman Delbert W . Coleman and Brazilian entrepreneur Francisco Baby Pignatari . She was engaged to Miami real estate developer Robert Blum in 1974 , but called off the engagement . She has three stepdaughters : - Katie Wagner , born 1964 to Wagner and Marion Marshall - Natasha Gregson , born 1970 to Richard Gregson and Natalie Wood , but raised in the Wagner/St . John household after Wood died - Courtney Wagner , born 1974 to Wagner and Wood In July 2007 , Wagner and St . John sold the Brentwood ranchette they had lived on since 1983 , for a reported $14 million and relocated to their vacation home in Aspen . They retain a condo in L.A . Mutual animosity between St . John and her husbands former sister-in-law , actress Lana Wood , dates back to 1971 , when Sean Connery was simultaneously involved with both women during the filming of Diamonds Are Forever . The pairs half-century feud has been highlighted by two well-documented public altercations : one in September 1999 , when St . John refused to be photographed with Wood at a Bond girl reunion for Vanity Fair magazine , and another in February 2016 , when Wood crashed an event honoring St . John in Palm Springs and confronted Wagner over the reopened death case of her sister Natalie , who mysteriously drowned in 1981 while yachting with Wagner off the coast of Santa Catalina Island . Filmography . Film . - Thunder in the East ( 1952 ) as English Girl ( uncredited ) - Summer Love ( 1957 ) as Erica Landis - The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) as Kate Pennypacker - Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) as Meg Dean - The Lost World ( 1960 ) as Jennifer Holmes - The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) as Barbara Bingham - Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) as Rosemary Hoyt - Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) as Peggy John - Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) as Barbara Tuttle - Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) as Toby Tobler - Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) as Sherry Nugent - The Liquidator ( 1965 ) as Iris MacIntosh - The Oscar ( 1966 ) as Laurel Scott - Eight on the Lam ( 1967 ) as Monica - Banning ( 1967 ) as Angela Barr - The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) as Mistress Jessica Stephens - Tony Rome ( 1967 ) as Ann Archer - Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) as Tiffany Case - Sitting Target ( 1972 ) as Pat Lomart - The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) as Warden Fletcher - The Act ( 1984 ) as Elise - The Player ( 1992 ) as Jill St . John - Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) as Dr . Joanne Anderson - The Trip ( 2002 ) as Mary Oakley - The Calling ( 2002 ) as Elegant Lady Television . - Sandy Dreams ( 1949 ) - The Christmas Carol ( 1949 , TV Movie ) as Missie Cratchit - The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show ( 1951–1952 ) as Sherry Kelly / Jill Kelly - Sky King ( 1952 ) as Gretchen Gluckman - Fireside Theatre ( 1953 ) - Cavalcade of America ( 1954 ) - The Christophers ( 1957 ) - Schlitz Playhouse ( 1957 ) as Eloise - The DuPont Show of the Month ( 1957 ) as Lois Graves - Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre ( 1963–1965 ) as Janie Douglas / Faith / Bunky - Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1964 ) as Carol ( uncredited ) - Mr . Broadway ( 1964 ) as Herself - Burkes Law ( 1964 ) as Pinky Likewise - The Rogues ( 1965 ) as Jena Tate - Batman ( 1966 ) as Molly - The Big Valley ( 1966 ) as Barbary Red - Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 , TV Movie ) as Leona Purdy - How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 , TV Movie ) as Nikki Pine - Rowan & Martins Laugh-In ( 1968–1971 ) - The Spy Killer ( 1969 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Name of the Game ( 1969 ) as Michelle Howell - Foreign Exchange ( 1970 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Red Skelton Hour ( 1971 ) as Freida - Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 , TV Movie ) as Andrea Winters - Old Faithful ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Miss Roberts - Saga of Sonora ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Molly - Brenda Starr ( 1976 , TV Movie ) as Brenda Starr - Telethon ( 1977 , TV Movie ) as Fran Sullivan - Hart to Hart ( 1979 ) as Sylvia Maxwell - The Love Boat ( 1979–1982 ) as Laura / Sandy Wilson / Claire Dalrymple / Mitzi De Risi - Vega$ ( 1980 ) as Mavis Graham - Fantasy Island ( 1981–1982 ) as Ellen Layton / Jane Doe / Helen of Troy - Magnum , P.I . ( 1982 ) as Jan Kona - Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Miss Demandt - Rooster ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Joanna Van Eegan - Matt Houston ( 1982 ) as Karen Ann Douglas - Emerald Point N.A.S . ( 1983–1984 ) as Deanna Kincaid - Dempsey and Makepeace ( 1986 ) as Mara Giardino - J.J . Starbuck ( 1988 ) as Rachel Capstone - Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) as Woman mistaken for Princess Aouda - Out There ( 1995 , TV Movie ) as Bunny Wells - Seinfeld ( 1997 ) as Mrs . Abbott - Northpole ( 2014 , TV Movie ) as Mrs . Claus External links . - Jill St . John at Yahoo ! Movies - Jill St . John at the British Film Institute
|
[
"Robert Wagner"
] |
[
{
"text": " Jill St . John ( born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim ; August 19 , 1940 ) is an American actress . She is best known for playing Tiffany Case , the first American Bond girl of the 007 franchise , in Diamonds Are Forever . Additional performances in film include The Lost World , Tender Is the Night , Come Blow Your Horn , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination , Whos Minding the Store? , The Oscar , Tony Rome , Sitting Target and The Concrete Jungle .",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": "On television , St . John has appeared in such top rated shows as Batman , The Big Valley , Rowan & Martins Laugh-In , Hart to Hart , Vega$ , The Love Boat , Fantasy Island , Magnum , P.I . and Seinfeld . During her Hollywood heyday she was almost equally famous for her high-profile social life and frequent romantic associations with prominent public figures . St . John is married to actor Robert Wagner and has known him since she was 18 years old . They share credits on nearly a dozen screen and stage productions ,",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": "notably the miniseries remake of Around the World in 80 Days .",
"title": "Jill St . John"
},
{
"text": " St . John was born Jill Arlyn Oppenheim in Los Angeles , California , the daughter of Edward Oppenheim , a prosperous restaurant owner , and his wife Betty ( née Goldberg ) , who became her stage mother . She has no siblings . As a young girl , St . John was a member of the Childrens Ballet Company with Natalie Wood and Stefanie Powers . All three would later marry or co-star with actor Robert Wagner . Her mother Betty changed Jills last name to St . John during her adolescence .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " St . John began acting on radio at age six , and made her screen debut in December 1949 , at age nine , in The Christmas Carol , the first full-length TV movie . She was in the TV show Sandy Dreams that same year . At age 11 , she appeared in two episodes of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show . She had a small role in the film Thunder in the East ( 1951 ) and was in episodes of Sky King , Fireside Theatre , and Cavalcade of America .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": "She attended Powers Professional School and received her high school diploma from Hollywood Professional School in the spring of 1955 at age 14 . At age 15 , St . John enrolled at UCLAs Extension School .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": " During this time , she appeared on a large number of radio shows , notably One Mans Family .",
"title": "Child actress"
},
{
"text": " In May 1957 , St . John was 16 when Universal Pictures signed her to a contract for seven years starting at $200 a week . Her major studio film debut was in Summer Love ( 1958 ) starring John Saxon . She also appeared on TV in episodes of The Christophers , Schlitz Playhouse , and The DuPont Show of the Month ( an adaptation of Junior Miss ) . She said her idol was Kay Kendall . 20th Century Fox .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": "St John then signed a contract with 20th Century Fox who tried to build her into a star . She played the daughter of Clifton Webb in The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) and Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) , then was put in an adventure movie , The Lost World ( 1960 ) .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " Nothing but starlet parts , she later said . You know , the daughter , the niece , the girlfriend . Fox picked up their option on her . Warner Bros borrowed her for The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) , then she had a supporting role in Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " St . John had a key role in Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) , where she starred opposite Frank Sinatra . She received a Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance in the film . Im a comedienne , she said in 1963 . Ive never pretended to be a dramatic actress . But Im very funny .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": "She followed this with a series of comedies : Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) with Jerry Lewis , Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) with Dean Martin and Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) with Robert Morse and Nancy Kwan .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " Now I play the sexy comedienne , which is my forte she said in 1964 . Comedy is what Ive always wanted to do . She guest-starred on television shows like Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Burkes Law , The Rogues , and Theatre of Stars . In 1964 , she guest-starred in the episode Take a Walk Through the Cemetery of the drama series Mr . Broadway . She also appeared in some variety specials with Bob Hope .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": "MGM gave her the female lead in a spy spoof The Liquidator ( 1965 ) with Rod Taylor , and she was in The Oscar ( 1966 ) with Stephen Boyd .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " St . John appeared in the first and second episodes of the television series Batman ( 1966 ) as the Riddlers moll Molly . She was also in The Big Valley .",
"title": "Comedy"
},
{
"text": " St . John signed a contract at Universal . She was in a TV movie Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 ) , and had a supporting role in How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 ) with Robert Wagner . She did the Bob Hope comedy Eight on the Run ( 1967 ) , then made Banning ( 1967 ) with Wagner and The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) with Doug McClure .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": "In 1966 , she said her goal was to be at a point where I have so proved myself as an actress that I can be more discriminating in the roles I choose . I want to be able to choose the parts I know I can do next .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " She was reunited with Sinatra in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) and did a TV movie The Spy Killer ( 1968 ) , which was popular enough for the sequel Foreign Exchange ( 1970 ) . She guested on The Name of the Game . Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 ) was a TV movie St . John did with Bob Newhart and Jean Simmons .",
"title": "Universal"
},
{
"text": " St . Johns most famous role was as diamond smuggler Tiffany Case , the love interest of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) , where she starred opposite Sean Connery . She was the first American to play a Bond girl . The character of Tiffany is argumentative , abrasive , loud , and brash when compared to previous Bond girls who were more demure ; she is meant to be a stereotypical commentary on American women , apparently .",
"title": "James Bond"
},
{
"text": "In 1972 , St . John appeared alongside Oliver Reed in the crime drama Sitting Target .",
"title": "James Bond"
},
{
"text": " She did the TV movies Saga of Sonora ( 1973 ) and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) ( playing the title role ) , and guest-starred on The Love Boat , Magnum , P.I. , Fantasy Island and Matt Houston . St . John did the TV movies Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 ) and Rooster ( 1982 ) and was top-billed in the feature The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) , a woman in prison film . She had a small role in The Act ( 1983 ) .",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "During 1983–1984 , she starred with Dennis Weaver on the short-lived soap opera Emerald Point N.A.S. , in which she played Deanna Kinkaid , Thomas Mallorys conniving former sister-in-law .",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " St . John and Robert Wagner were in Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) ; Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) ; and The Calling ( 2002 ) . They made brief cameo appearances as themselves in Robert Altmans Hollywood satire The Player ( 1992 ) . In 1996 , they started appearing together on stage in Love Letters . In 1997 , the couple appeared together at the end of The Yada Yada episode of the television sitcom Seinfeld .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "St . John appeared without Wagner in Out There ( 1995 ) and The Trip ( 2002 ) .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In 2014 , St . John played Mrs . Claus in the TV movie Northpole alongside Wagner , who played the part of Santa Claus . The film marked her first acting role after a 12-year absence from the screen .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In 1972 , St . John largely left Hollywood behind and moved to Aspen , Colorado , where she focused on personal interests and cooking . She eventually developed her interest in cooking into becoming a culinary personality , appearing in monthly cooking segments on ABC-TVs Good Morning America and with a column in USA Weekend magazine through the 1980s . This culminated in authoring The Jill St . John Cookbook ( 1987 ) , a healthy , but not health food , collection of recipes and some anecdotes .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": "St . John also developed a handmade Angora sweater business , and became interested in orchid growing , skiing , hiking , river rafting , camping , and gardening . In 1987 , she said Im a mountain gal now . I love the outdoors and I love harvesting and using fresh vegetables and herbs .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": " St . John is founder of the Aunts Club , a Rancho Mirage-based group of women who contribute at least $1,000 per year to provide financial support for a child .",
"title": "Other activities"
},
{
"text": " St . John has been married four times : - Neil Dubin ( May 12 , 1957 – July 3 , 1958 ; divorced ) St . John was 16 years old when they eloped to Yuma , Arizona . Dubin was heir to a linen fortune . St . John complained that he harassed and ridiculed her .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "- Lance Reventlow ( March 24 , 1960 – October 30 , 1963 ; divorced ) Reventlow was the son of Barbara Hutton , heir to the F . W . Woolworth fortune . St . John received a settlement of $86,000 . Despite their divorce and subsequent remarriages , she refers to Reventlow as my late husband in interviews .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Jack Jones ( October 14 , 1967 – February 28 , 1969 ; divorced ) Jones said demands on his singing career and the traveling involved contributed to the breakup . - Robert Wagner ( May 26 , 1990 – present ) The couple first met in 1959 when they were contract players at 20th Century Fox , and have been together since Valentines Day 1982 .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In between marriages , St . John dated entertainment , sports , and political personalities including Ben Barnes , Gianni Bulgari , Sammy Cahn , Michael Caine , Oleg Cassini , Barry Coe , Sean Connery , Ahmet Ertegun , Robert Evans , Glenn Ford , David Frost , Bill Hudson , Henry Kissinger , Sidney Korshak , Sandy Koufax , Peter Lawford , George Lazenby , Trini López , Tom Mankiewicz , George Montgomery , Jack Nicholson , Ogden Mills Phipps , Roman Polanski , Alejandro Rey , Tom Selleck , Frank Sinatra , U Thant , Robert Vaughn",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": ", Giovanni Volpi and Adam West . St . John was also romantically linked with criminal court judge Jerome M . Becker , ski instructor Ricky Head , Olympic ski champion Brownie Barnes , plastic surgeon Steven Zax , investment broker Lenny Ross , Chicago businessman Delbert W . Coleman and Brazilian entrepreneur Francisco Baby Pignatari . She was engaged to Miami real estate developer Robert Blum in 1974 , but called off the engagement .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " She has three stepdaughters : - Katie Wagner , born 1964 to Wagner and Marion Marshall - Natasha Gregson , born 1970 to Richard Gregson and Natalie Wood , but raised in the Wagner/St . John household after Wood died - Courtney Wagner , born 1974 to Wagner and Wood In July 2007 , Wagner and St . John sold the Brentwood ranchette they had lived on since 1983 , for a reported $14 million and relocated to their vacation home in Aspen . They retain a condo in L.A .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Mutual animosity between St . John and her husbands former sister-in-law , actress Lana Wood , dates back to 1971 , when Sean Connery was simultaneously involved with both women during the filming of Diamonds Are Forever . The pairs half-century feud has been highlighted by two well-documented public altercations : one in September 1999 , when St . John refused to be photographed with Wood at a Bond girl reunion for Vanity Fair magazine , and another in February 2016 , when Wood crashed an event honoring St . John in Palm Springs and confronted Wagner over the reopened",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "death case of her sister Natalie , who mysteriously drowned in 1981 while yachting with Wagner off the coast of Santa Catalina Island .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " - Thunder in the East ( 1952 ) as English Girl ( uncredited ) - Summer Love ( 1957 ) as Erica Landis - The Remarkable Mr . Pennypacker ( 1959 ) as Kate Pennypacker - Holiday for Lovers ( 1959 ) as Meg Dean - The Lost World ( 1960 ) as Jennifer Holmes - The Roman Spring of Mrs . Stone ( 1961 ) as Barbara Bingham - Tender Is the Night ( 1962 ) as Rosemary Hoyt - Come Blow Your Horn ( 1963 ) as Peggy John",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": "- Whos Minding the Store ? ( 1963 ) as Barbara Tuttle",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Whos Been Sleeping in My Bed ? ( 1963 ) as Toby Tobler - Honeymoon Hotel ( 1964 ) as Sherry Nugent - The Liquidator ( 1965 ) as Iris MacIntosh - The Oscar ( 1966 ) as Laurel Scott - Eight on the Lam ( 1967 ) as Monica - Banning ( 1967 ) as Angela Barr - The Kings Pirate ( 1967 ) as Mistress Jessica Stephens - Tony Rome ( 1967 ) as Ann Archer - Diamonds Are Forever ( 1971 ) as Tiffany Case - Sitting Target ( 1972 ) as Pat Lomart",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": "- The Concrete Jungle ( 1982 ) as Warden Fletcher",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - The Act ( 1984 ) as Elise - The Player ( 1992 ) as Jill St . John - Something to Believe In ( 1998 ) as Dr . Joanne Anderson - The Trip ( 2002 ) as Mary Oakley - The Calling ( 2002 ) as Elegant Lady",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Sandy Dreams ( 1949 ) - The Christmas Carol ( 1949 , TV Movie ) as Missie Cratchit - The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show ( 1951–1952 ) as Sherry Kelly / Jill Kelly - Sky King ( 1952 ) as Gretchen Gluckman - Fireside Theatre ( 1953 ) - Cavalcade of America ( 1954 ) - The Christophers ( 1957 ) - Schlitz Playhouse ( 1957 ) as Eloise - The DuPont Show of the Month ( 1957 ) as Lois Graves",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre ( 1963–1965 ) as Janie Douglas / Faith / Bunky",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1964 ) as Carol ( uncredited ) - Mr . Broadway ( 1964 ) as Herself - Burkes Law ( 1964 ) as Pinky Likewise - The Rogues ( 1965 ) as Jena Tate - Batman ( 1966 ) as Molly - The Big Valley ( 1966 ) as Barbary Red - Fame Is the Name of the Game ( 1966 , TV Movie ) as Leona Purdy - How I Spent My Summer Vacation ( 1967 , TV Movie ) as Nikki Pine",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Rowan & Martins Laugh-In ( 1968–1971 )",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - The Spy Killer ( 1969 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Name of the Game ( 1969 ) as Michelle Howell - Foreign Exchange ( 1970 , TV Movie ) as Mary Harper - The Red Skelton Hour ( 1971 ) as Freida - Decisions ! Decisions ! ( 1971 , TV Movie ) as Andrea Winters - Old Faithful ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Miss Roberts - Saga of Sonora ( 1973 , TV Movie ) as Molly - Brenda Starr ( 1976 , TV Movie ) as Brenda Starr",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Telethon ( 1977 , TV Movie ) as Fran Sullivan",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Hart to Hart ( 1979 ) as Sylvia Maxwell - The Love Boat ( 1979–1982 ) as Laura / Sandy Wilson / Claire Dalrymple / Mitzi De Risi - Vega$ ( 1980 ) as Mavis Graham - Fantasy Island ( 1981–1982 ) as Ellen Layton / Jane Doe / Helen of Troy - Magnum , P.I . ( 1982 ) as Jan Kona - Two Guys from Muck ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Miss Demandt - Rooster ( 1982 , TV Movie ) as Joanna Van Eegan",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": "- Matt Houston ( 1982 ) as Karen Ann Douglas",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Emerald Point N.A.S . ( 1983–1984 ) as Deanna Kincaid - Dempsey and Makepeace ( 1986 ) as Mara Giardino - J.J . Starbuck ( 1988 ) as Rachel Capstone - Around the World in 80 Days ( 1989 ) as Woman mistaken for Princess Aouda - Out There ( 1995 , TV Movie ) as Bunny Wells - Seinfeld ( 1997 ) as Mrs . Abbott - Northpole ( 2014 , TV Movie ) as Mrs . Claus",
"title": "Television"
},
{
"text": " - Jill St . John at Yahoo ! Movies - Jill St . John at the British Film Institute",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Ostwald#P108#0
|
Which employer did Martin Ostwald work for before Oct 1950?
|
Martin Ostwald Martin Ostwald ( January 15 , 1922 – April 10 , 2010 ) was a German-American classical scholar , who taught until 1992 at Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania . His main field of study was the political structures of Ancient Greece . Life . Born the elder son of a German-Jewish lawyer , Ostwald was raised in Dortmund , where he attended the Municipal Gymnasium ( Städtliches Gymnasium ) . He had always intended to become a classical scholar , but when this possibility was removed by the passage of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 , which closed the German universities to Jews , he decided instead to pursue his interests in teaching and scholarship by becoming a rabbi . But during the Reichskristallnacht on November 9 , 1938 , Ostwald was arrested together with his father and his younger brother , Ernst . Forced to leave his parents behind in Germany , Ostwald and his brother were able to emigrate to England via the Netherlands on a Kindertransport . In England , however , Ostwald and other German refugees were , in the wake of the British defeat at Dunkirk , transferred to a concentration camp in Canada . Following his release , Ostwald enrolled at the University of Toronto , where he was able to resume his original interest in classical studies . After graduation in 1946 he continued his studies in the ( at that time still quite new ) Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago , where he wrote an M.A . thesis on the treatment of the Orestes myth by Aeschylus , Sophocles , and Euripides . In 1949 he became a doctoral student under fellow German immigrant Kurt von Fritz at Columbia University in New York City . In 1951 he published his first scholarly article on the Prytaneion Decree ( IG 1 131 ) . The following year Ostwald received his Ph.D . after completing his dissertation on the Athenian constitution . After receiving his Ph.D . Ostwald taught for one year at Wesleyan University . He then returned to Columbia and taught there until 1958 , when he joined the Classics Department at Swarthmore College . A few years later he transferred one-third of his teaching to the graduate programs in Classical Studies and Ancient History at the University of Pennsylvania , an arrangement made possible by a special agreement between the two institutions . Ostwald continued to teach undergraduates at Swarthmore and graduate students at Penn until his retirement in 1992 . In addition to these primary appointments , Ostwald taught as visiting professor at Princeton University , the University of California at Berkeley , Balliol College , Oxford , at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris and , for many years , at Tel Aviv University . Among Ostwalds many publications , some of the most notable include a translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics ; a handbook on the meters of Greek and Roman poetry , on which he collaborated with Thomas G . Rosenmeyer and James Halporn. ) and several books on ancient Greek constitutional history : Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy ; Autonomia : Its Genesis and Early History ; and his magnum opus , From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of the Law , for which Ostwald received the Goodwin Award of Merit from the American Philological Association in 1990 . A selection of Ostwalds more important papers was published under the title Language and History in Ancient Greek Culture ( Philadelphia 2009 ) . Ostwald was elected President of the American Philological Association in 1987 . In 1991 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and in 1993 he was inducted into the American Philosophical Society . Ostwald was awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Fribourg ( Switzerland ) in 1995 , and by the University of Dortmund , Germany , in 2001 . Ostwald died of heart failure on April 10 , 2010 .
|
[
"taught for one year at Wesleyan University"
] |
[
{
"text": " Martin Ostwald ( January 15 , 1922 – April 10 , 2010 ) was a German-American classical scholar , who taught until 1992 at Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania . His main field of study was the political structures of Ancient Greece .",
"title": "Martin Ostwald"
},
{
"text": "Born the elder son of a German-Jewish lawyer , Ostwald was raised in Dortmund , where he attended the Municipal Gymnasium ( Städtliches Gymnasium ) . He had always intended to become a classical scholar , but when this possibility was removed by the passage of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 , which closed the German universities to Jews , he decided instead to pursue his interests in teaching and scholarship by becoming a rabbi . But during the Reichskristallnacht on November 9 , 1938 , Ostwald was arrested together with his father and his younger brother , Ernst .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Forced to leave his parents behind in Germany , Ostwald and his brother were able to emigrate to England via the Netherlands on a Kindertransport . In England , however , Ostwald and other German refugees were , in the wake of the British defeat at Dunkirk , transferred to a concentration camp in Canada .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Following his release , Ostwald enrolled at the University of Toronto , where he was able to resume his original interest in classical studies . After graduation in 1946 he continued his studies in the ( at that time still quite new ) Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago , where he wrote an M.A . thesis on the treatment of the Orestes myth by Aeschylus , Sophocles , and Euripides . In 1949 he became a doctoral student under fellow German immigrant Kurt von Fritz at Columbia University in New York City . In 1951 he",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "published his first scholarly article on the Prytaneion Decree ( IG 1 131 ) . The following year Ostwald received his Ph.D . after completing his dissertation on the Athenian constitution .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "After receiving his Ph.D . Ostwald taught for one year at Wesleyan University . He then returned to Columbia and taught there until 1958 , when he joined the Classics Department at Swarthmore College . A few years later he transferred one-third of his teaching to the graduate programs in Classical Studies and Ancient History at the University of Pennsylvania , an arrangement made possible by a special agreement between the two institutions . Ostwald continued to teach undergraduates at Swarthmore and graduate students at Penn until his retirement in 1992 . In addition to these primary appointments , Ostwald",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "taught as visiting professor at Princeton University , the University of California at Berkeley , Balliol College , Oxford , at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris and , for many years , at Tel Aviv University .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Among Ostwalds many publications , some of the most notable include a translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics ; a handbook on the meters of Greek and Roman poetry , on which he collaborated with Thomas G . Rosenmeyer and James Halporn. ) and several books on ancient Greek constitutional history : Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy ; Autonomia : Its Genesis and Early History ; and his magnum opus , From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of the Law , for which Ostwald received the Goodwin Award of Merit from the American Philological Association in 1990 .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "A selection of Ostwalds more important papers was published under the title Language and History in Ancient Greek Culture ( Philadelphia 2009 ) .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": " Ostwald was elected President of the American Philological Association in 1987 . In 1991 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and in 1993 he was inducted into the American Philosophical Society . Ostwald was awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Fribourg ( Switzerland ) in 1995 , and by the University of Dortmund , Germany , in 2001 . Ostwald died of heart failure on April 10 , 2010 .",
"title": "Life"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Ostwald#P108#1
|
Which employer did Martin Ostwald work for between Jun 1959 and Apr 1971?
|
Martin Ostwald Martin Ostwald ( January 15 , 1922 – April 10 , 2010 ) was a German-American classical scholar , who taught until 1992 at Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania . His main field of study was the political structures of Ancient Greece . Life . Born the elder son of a German-Jewish lawyer , Ostwald was raised in Dortmund , where he attended the Municipal Gymnasium ( Städtliches Gymnasium ) . He had always intended to become a classical scholar , but when this possibility was removed by the passage of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 , which closed the German universities to Jews , he decided instead to pursue his interests in teaching and scholarship by becoming a rabbi . But during the Reichskristallnacht on November 9 , 1938 , Ostwald was arrested together with his father and his younger brother , Ernst . Forced to leave his parents behind in Germany , Ostwald and his brother were able to emigrate to England via the Netherlands on a Kindertransport . In England , however , Ostwald and other German refugees were , in the wake of the British defeat at Dunkirk , transferred to a concentration camp in Canada . Following his release , Ostwald enrolled at the University of Toronto , where he was able to resume his original interest in classical studies . After graduation in 1946 he continued his studies in the ( at that time still quite new ) Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago , where he wrote an M.A . thesis on the treatment of the Orestes myth by Aeschylus , Sophocles , and Euripides . In 1949 he became a doctoral student under fellow German immigrant Kurt von Fritz at Columbia University in New York City . In 1951 he published his first scholarly article on the Prytaneion Decree ( IG 1 131 ) . The following year Ostwald received his Ph.D . after completing his dissertation on the Athenian constitution . After receiving his Ph.D . Ostwald taught for one year at Wesleyan University . He then returned to Columbia and taught there until 1958 , when he joined the Classics Department at Swarthmore College . A few years later he transferred one-third of his teaching to the graduate programs in Classical Studies and Ancient History at the University of Pennsylvania , an arrangement made possible by a special agreement between the two institutions . Ostwald continued to teach undergraduates at Swarthmore and graduate students at Penn until his retirement in 1992 . In addition to these primary appointments , Ostwald taught as visiting professor at Princeton University , the University of California at Berkeley , Balliol College , Oxford , at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris and , for many years , at Tel Aviv University . Among Ostwalds many publications , some of the most notable include a translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics ; a handbook on the meters of Greek and Roman poetry , on which he collaborated with Thomas G . Rosenmeyer and James Halporn. ) and several books on ancient Greek constitutional history : Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy ; Autonomia : Its Genesis and Early History ; and his magnum opus , From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of the Law , for which Ostwald received the Goodwin Award of Merit from the American Philological Association in 1990 . A selection of Ostwalds more important papers was published under the title Language and History in Ancient Greek Culture ( Philadelphia 2009 ) . Ostwald was elected President of the American Philological Association in 1987 . In 1991 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and in 1993 he was inducted into the American Philosophical Society . Ostwald was awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Fribourg ( Switzerland ) in 1995 , and by the University of Dortmund , Germany , in 2001 . Ostwald died of heart failure on April 10 , 2010 .
|
[
"Swarthmore College"
] |
[
{
"text": " Martin Ostwald ( January 15 , 1922 – April 10 , 2010 ) was a German-American classical scholar , who taught until 1992 at Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania . His main field of study was the political structures of Ancient Greece .",
"title": "Martin Ostwald"
},
{
"text": "Born the elder son of a German-Jewish lawyer , Ostwald was raised in Dortmund , where he attended the Municipal Gymnasium ( Städtliches Gymnasium ) . He had always intended to become a classical scholar , but when this possibility was removed by the passage of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 , which closed the German universities to Jews , he decided instead to pursue his interests in teaching and scholarship by becoming a rabbi . But during the Reichskristallnacht on November 9 , 1938 , Ostwald was arrested together with his father and his younger brother , Ernst .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Forced to leave his parents behind in Germany , Ostwald and his brother were able to emigrate to England via the Netherlands on a Kindertransport . In England , however , Ostwald and other German refugees were , in the wake of the British defeat at Dunkirk , transferred to a concentration camp in Canada .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Following his release , Ostwald enrolled at the University of Toronto , where he was able to resume his original interest in classical studies . After graduation in 1946 he continued his studies in the ( at that time still quite new ) Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago , where he wrote an M.A . thesis on the treatment of the Orestes myth by Aeschylus , Sophocles , and Euripides . In 1949 he became a doctoral student under fellow German immigrant Kurt von Fritz at Columbia University in New York City . In 1951 he",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "published his first scholarly article on the Prytaneion Decree ( IG 1 131 ) . The following year Ostwald received his Ph.D . after completing his dissertation on the Athenian constitution .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "After receiving his Ph.D . Ostwald taught for one year at Wesleyan University . He then returned to Columbia and taught there until 1958 , when he joined the Classics Department at Swarthmore College . A few years later he transferred one-third of his teaching to the graduate programs in Classical Studies and Ancient History at the University of Pennsylvania , an arrangement made possible by a special agreement between the two institutions . Ostwald continued to teach undergraduates at Swarthmore and graduate students at Penn until his retirement in 1992 . In addition to these primary appointments , Ostwald",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "taught as visiting professor at Princeton University , the University of California at Berkeley , Balliol College , Oxford , at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris and , for many years , at Tel Aviv University .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Among Ostwalds many publications , some of the most notable include a translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics ; a handbook on the meters of Greek and Roman poetry , on which he collaborated with Thomas G . Rosenmeyer and James Halporn. ) and several books on ancient Greek constitutional history : Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy ; Autonomia : Its Genesis and Early History ; and his magnum opus , From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of the Law , for which Ostwald received the Goodwin Award of Merit from the American Philological Association in 1990 .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "A selection of Ostwalds more important papers was published under the title Language and History in Ancient Greek Culture ( Philadelphia 2009 ) .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": " Ostwald was elected President of the American Philological Association in 1987 . In 1991 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and in 1993 he was inducted into the American Philosophical Society . Ostwald was awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Fribourg ( Switzerland ) in 1995 , and by the University of Dortmund , Germany , in 2001 . Ostwald died of heart failure on April 10 , 2010 .",
"title": "Life"
}
] |
/wiki/Martin_Ostwald#P108#2
|
Which employer did Martin Ostwald work for between Oct 1940 and Oct 1948?
|
Martin Ostwald Martin Ostwald ( January 15 , 1922 – April 10 , 2010 ) was a German-American classical scholar , who taught until 1992 at Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania . His main field of study was the political structures of Ancient Greece . Life . Born the elder son of a German-Jewish lawyer , Ostwald was raised in Dortmund , where he attended the Municipal Gymnasium ( Städtliches Gymnasium ) . He had always intended to become a classical scholar , but when this possibility was removed by the passage of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 , which closed the German universities to Jews , he decided instead to pursue his interests in teaching and scholarship by becoming a rabbi . But during the Reichskristallnacht on November 9 , 1938 , Ostwald was arrested together with his father and his younger brother , Ernst . Forced to leave his parents behind in Germany , Ostwald and his brother were able to emigrate to England via the Netherlands on a Kindertransport . In England , however , Ostwald and other German refugees were , in the wake of the British defeat at Dunkirk , transferred to a concentration camp in Canada . Following his release , Ostwald enrolled at the University of Toronto , where he was able to resume his original interest in classical studies . After graduation in 1946 he continued his studies in the ( at that time still quite new ) Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago , where he wrote an M.A . thesis on the treatment of the Orestes myth by Aeschylus , Sophocles , and Euripides . In 1949 he became a doctoral student under fellow German immigrant Kurt von Fritz at Columbia University in New York City . In 1951 he published his first scholarly article on the Prytaneion Decree ( IG 1 131 ) . The following year Ostwald received his Ph.D . after completing his dissertation on the Athenian constitution . After receiving his Ph.D . Ostwald taught for one year at Wesleyan University . He then returned to Columbia and taught there until 1958 , when he joined the Classics Department at Swarthmore College . A few years later he transferred one-third of his teaching to the graduate programs in Classical Studies and Ancient History at the University of Pennsylvania , an arrangement made possible by a special agreement between the two institutions . Ostwald continued to teach undergraduates at Swarthmore and graduate students at Penn until his retirement in 1992 . In addition to these primary appointments , Ostwald taught as visiting professor at Princeton University , the University of California at Berkeley , Balliol College , Oxford , at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris and , for many years , at Tel Aviv University . Among Ostwalds many publications , some of the most notable include a translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics ; a handbook on the meters of Greek and Roman poetry , on which he collaborated with Thomas G . Rosenmeyer and James Halporn. ) and several books on ancient Greek constitutional history : Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy ; Autonomia : Its Genesis and Early History ; and his magnum opus , From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of the Law , for which Ostwald received the Goodwin Award of Merit from the American Philological Association in 1990 . A selection of Ostwalds more important papers was published under the title Language and History in Ancient Greek Culture ( Philadelphia 2009 ) . Ostwald was elected President of the American Philological Association in 1987 . In 1991 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and in 1993 he was inducted into the American Philosophical Society . Ostwald was awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Fribourg ( Switzerland ) in 1995 , and by the University of Dortmund , Germany , in 2001 . Ostwald died of heart failure on April 10 , 2010 .
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": " Martin Ostwald ( January 15 , 1922 – April 10 , 2010 ) was a German-American classical scholar , who taught until 1992 at Swarthmore College and the University of Pennsylvania . His main field of study was the political structures of Ancient Greece .",
"title": "Martin Ostwald"
},
{
"text": "Born the elder son of a German-Jewish lawyer , Ostwald was raised in Dortmund , where he attended the Municipal Gymnasium ( Städtliches Gymnasium ) . He had always intended to become a classical scholar , but when this possibility was removed by the passage of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 , which closed the German universities to Jews , he decided instead to pursue his interests in teaching and scholarship by becoming a rabbi . But during the Reichskristallnacht on November 9 , 1938 , Ostwald was arrested together with his father and his younger brother , Ernst .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Forced to leave his parents behind in Germany , Ostwald and his brother were able to emigrate to England via the Netherlands on a Kindertransport . In England , however , Ostwald and other German refugees were , in the wake of the British defeat at Dunkirk , transferred to a concentration camp in Canada .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Following his release , Ostwald enrolled at the University of Toronto , where he was able to resume his original interest in classical studies . After graduation in 1946 he continued his studies in the ( at that time still quite new ) Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago , where he wrote an M.A . thesis on the treatment of the Orestes myth by Aeschylus , Sophocles , and Euripides . In 1949 he became a doctoral student under fellow German immigrant Kurt von Fritz at Columbia University in New York City . In 1951 he",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "published his first scholarly article on the Prytaneion Decree ( IG 1 131 ) . The following year Ostwald received his Ph.D . after completing his dissertation on the Athenian constitution .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "After receiving his Ph.D . Ostwald taught for one year at Wesleyan University . He then returned to Columbia and taught there until 1958 , when he joined the Classics Department at Swarthmore College . A few years later he transferred one-third of his teaching to the graduate programs in Classical Studies and Ancient History at the University of Pennsylvania , an arrangement made possible by a special agreement between the two institutions . Ostwald continued to teach undergraduates at Swarthmore and graduate students at Penn until his retirement in 1992 . In addition to these primary appointments , Ostwald",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "taught as visiting professor at Princeton University , the University of California at Berkeley , Balliol College , Oxford , at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris and , for many years , at Tel Aviv University .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "Among Ostwalds many publications , some of the most notable include a translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics ; a handbook on the meters of Greek and Roman poetry , on which he collaborated with Thomas G . Rosenmeyer and James Halporn. ) and several books on ancient Greek constitutional history : Nomos and the Beginnings of the Athenian Democracy ; Autonomia : Its Genesis and Early History ; and his magnum opus , From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of the Law , for which Ostwald received the Goodwin Award of Merit from the American Philological Association in 1990 .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": "A selection of Ostwalds more important papers was published under the title Language and History in Ancient Greek Culture ( Philadelphia 2009 ) .",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"text": " Ostwald was elected President of the American Philological Association in 1987 . In 1991 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and in 1993 he was inducted into the American Philosophical Society . Ostwald was awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Fribourg ( Switzerland ) in 1995 , and by the University of Dortmund , Germany , in 2001 . Ostwald died of heart failure on April 10 , 2010 .",
"title": "Life"
}
] |
/wiki/Barry_Devolin#P39#0
|
Barry Devolin took which position in Jun 2008?
|
Barry Devolin Barry Devolin , ( born March 10 , 1963 ) is a former Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada and an academic . Early life and education . Devolin was born in Peterborough and grew up in Haliburton . Devolin studied political science at Carleton University , where he graduated with a bachelors degree in 1985 . Two years later he received a masters degree in political science from the Stony Brook University on Long Island , New York . In 1993 , Devolin married Ursula Beachli . They have 2 children , George ( 2002 ) and Molly ( 2004 ) . The Devolins live in Haliburton , Ontario . Academic career . In February 2017 , Devolin was named chair of the Asian Studies Graduate Program at Sejong University . His research fovuses on the socialization challenges facing North Korean defectors , and the ongoing Korean conflict . Devolin began his teaching career in 1986 while a graduate student at Stony Brook University . He was awarded the 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award by Stony Brook Universitys Political Science department . Political career . In 2013 , Barry Devolin announced he would not seek re-election in the 2015 federal election . His former executive assistant , Jamie Schmale , became the Conservative candidate for Haliburton-Kawartha Lakes-Brock , and was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament in October 2015 . Thus ended Devolins 11-year career in the House of Commons , which included his service as Assistant Deputy Speaker , his last 7 years . Prior to 2008 , Devolin served on several Parliamentary Standing Committees , including as chair of the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ( 2006–08 ) . Devolin was also active in various parliamentary associations , and chaired Canada-Korea , Canada-Azerbaijan and Canada-Belgium . In 2013 , South Korean President Lee Myung-buk awarded the prestigious Order of Diplomatic Service Medal ( Heung-in ) to Devolin , the only Canadian to ever receive it . In 2004 Devolin was nominated as the candidate for the new Conservative Party of Canada , and was elected in the 2004 election to represent the newly redistributed riding of Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock . He received 44% of the popular vote , defeating OReilly . In the 2006 election Devolin was re-elected with 49% of the vote . He was subsequently reelected in 2008 with 56% of the vote , and in 2011 with 60% of the vote . Many years earlier , Devolin ran in the 1993 federal election as a member of the Reform Party in the riding of Victoria—Haliburton . Devolin placed second in the election , losing to John OReilly of the Liberals . Following the 1993 election , Devolin served as the director of research for the parliamentary caucus of the Reform Party . He spent time working in British Columbia and Korea , and in 1994 returned to Canada to assist Chris Hodgson to seek election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Haliburton—Victoria—Brock . After this , he served as Hodgsons chief of staff . Devolin did not seek the nomination in Haliburton—Victoria—Brock in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections . Over the years , Devolin held several senior political staff positions in the Canadian and Ontario governments , including chief of staff to Ontario Ministers Tim Hudak ( 1999–2000 ) and Chris Hodgson ( 1995–96 ) , special assistant for education to Ontario Premier Mike Harris ( 1998–99 ) , and director of research and question period strategist for the Reform Party of Canada under Preston Manning ( 1993–94 ) . From 2000 to 2004 , Devolin ran Shuter Street Associates , a strategic communications and planning consulting firm in Toronto . Devolin served twice as campaign manager for Ontario Progressive Conservative candidates : in 1999 for former cabinet minister Brenda Elliott in the riding of Gueph-Wellington ; and , In 1987 for Arthur Ward in the riding of Victoria-Halliburton . External links . - Barry Devolin - Howd They Vote? : Barry Devolins voting history and quotes
|
[
"Parliamentary Standing Committees"
] |
[
{
"text": " Barry Devolin , ( born March 10 , 1963 ) is a former Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada and an academic . Early life and education . Devolin was born in Peterborough and grew up in Haliburton . Devolin studied political science at Carleton University , where he graduated with a bachelors degree in 1985 . Two years later he received a masters degree in political science from the Stony Brook University on Long Island , New York .",
"title": "Barry Devolin"
},
{
"text": "In 1993 , Devolin married Ursula Beachli . They have 2 children , George ( 2002 ) and Molly ( 2004 ) . The Devolins live in Haliburton , Ontario .",
"title": "Barry Devolin"
},
{
"text": " In February 2017 , Devolin was named chair of the Asian Studies Graduate Program at Sejong University . His research fovuses on the socialization challenges facing North Korean defectors , and the ongoing Korean conflict . Devolin began his teaching career in 1986 while a graduate student at Stony Brook University . He was awarded the 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award by Stony Brook Universitys Political Science department .",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"text": " In 2013 , Barry Devolin announced he would not seek re-election in the 2015 federal election . His former executive assistant , Jamie Schmale , became the Conservative candidate for Haliburton-Kawartha Lakes-Brock , and was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament in October 2015 . Thus ended Devolins 11-year career in the House of Commons , which included his service as Assistant Deputy Speaker , his last 7 years .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Prior to 2008 , Devolin served on several Parliamentary Standing Committees , including as chair of the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ( 2006–08 ) . Devolin was also active in various parliamentary associations , and chaired Canada-Korea , Canada-Azerbaijan and Canada-Belgium . In 2013 , South Korean President Lee Myung-buk awarded the prestigious Order of Diplomatic Service Medal ( Heung-in ) to Devolin , the only Canadian to ever receive it .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 Devolin was nominated as the candidate for the new Conservative Party of Canada , and was elected in the 2004 election to represent the newly redistributed riding of Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock . He received 44% of the popular vote , defeating OReilly . In the 2006 election Devolin was re-elected with 49% of the vote . He was subsequently reelected in 2008 with 56% of the vote , and in 2011 with 60% of the vote .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Many years earlier , Devolin ran in the 1993 federal election as a member of the Reform Party in the riding of Victoria—Haliburton . Devolin placed second in the election , losing to John OReilly of the Liberals . Following the 1993 election , Devolin served as the director of research for the parliamentary caucus of the Reform Party . He spent time working in British Columbia and Korea , and in 1994 returned to Canada to assist Chris Hodgson to seek election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Haliburton—Victoria—Brock . After this , he served as Hodgsons chief",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "of staff . Devolin did not seek the nomination in Haliburton—Victoria—Brock in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " Over the years , Devolin held several senior political staff positions in the Canadian and Ontario governments , including chief of staff to Ontario Ministers Tim Hudak ( 1999–2000 ) and Chris Hodgson ( 1995–96 ) , special assistant for education to Ontario Premier Mike Harris ( 1998–99 ) , and director of research and question period strategist for the Reform Party of Canada under Preston Manning ( 1993–94 ) . From 2000 to 2004 , Devolin ran Shuter Street Associates , a strategic communications and planning consulting firm in Toronto .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Devolin served twice as campaign manager for Ontario Progressive Conservative candidates : in 1999 for former cabinet minister Brenda Elliott in the riding of Gueph-Wellington ; and , In 1987 for Arthur Ward in the riding of Victoria-Halliburton .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " - Barry Devolin - Howd They Vote? : Barry Devolins voting history and quotes",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Barry_Devolin#P39#1
|
Barry Devolin took which position between Aug 2009 and Jan 2010?
|
Barry Devolin Barry Devolin , ( born March 10 , 1963 ) is a former Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada and an academic . Early life and education . Devolin was born in Peterborough and grew up in Haliburton . Devolin studied political science at Carleton University , where he graduated with a bachelors degree in 1985 . Two years later he received a masters degree in political science from the Stony Brook University on Long Island , New York . In 1993 , Devolin married Ursula Beachli . They have 2 children , George ( 2002 ) and Molly ( 2004 ) . The Devolins live in Haliburton , Ontario . Academic career . In February 2017 , Devolin was named chair of the Asian Studies Graduate Program at Sejong University . His research fovuses on the socialization challenges facing North Korean defectors , and the ongoing Korean conflict . Devolin began his teaching career in 1986 while a graduate student at Stony Brook University . He was awarded the 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award by Stony Brook Universitys Political Science department . Political career . In 2013 , Barry Devolin announced he would not seek re-election in the 2015 federal election . His former executive assistant , Jamie Schmale , became the Conservative candidate for Haliburton-Kawartha Lakes-Brock , and was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament in October 2015 . Thus ended Devolins 11-year career in the House of Commons , which included his service as Assistant Deputy Speaker , his last 7 years . Prior to 2008 , Devolin served on several Parliamentary Standing Committees , including as chair of the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ( 2006–08 ) . Devolin was also active in various parliamentary associations , and chaired Canada-Korea , Canada-Azerbaijan and Canada-Belgium . In 2013 , South Korean President Lee Myung-buk awarded the prestigious Order of Diplomatic Service Medal ( Heung-in ) to Devolin , the only Canadian to ever receive it . In 2004 Devolin was nominated as the candidate for the new Conservative Party of Canada , and was elected in the 2004 election to represent the newly redistributed riding of Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock . He received 44% of the popular vote , defeating OReilly . In the 2006 election Devolin was re-elected with 49% of the vote . He was subsequently reelected in 2008 with 56% of the vote , and in 2011 with 60% of the vote . Many years earlier , Devolin ran in the 1993 federal election as a member of the Reform Party in the riding of Victoria—Haliburton . Devolin placed second in the election , losing to John OReilly of the Liberals . Following the 1993 election , Devolin served as the director of research for the parliamentary caucus of the Reform Party . He spent time working in British Columbia and Korea , and in 1994 returned to Canada to assist Chris Hodgson to seek election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Haliburton—Victoria—Brock . After this , he served as Hodgsons chief of staff . Devolin did not seek the nomination in Haliburton—Victoria—Brock in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections . Over the years , Devolin held several senior political staff positions in the Canadian and Ontario governments , including chief of staff to Ontario Ministers Tim Hudak ( 1999–2000 ) and Chris Hodgson ( 1995–96 ) , special assistant for education to Ontario Premier Mike Harris ( 1998–99 ) , and director of research and question period strategist for the Reform Party of Canada under Preston Manning ( 1993–94 ) . From 2000 to 2004 , Devolin ran Shuter Street Associates , a strategic communications and planning consulting firm in Toronto . Devolin served twice as campaign manager for Ontario Progressive Conservative candidates : in 1999 for former cabinet minister Brenda Elliott in the riding of Gueph-Wellington ; and , In 1987 for Arthur Ward in the riding of Victoria-Halliburton . External links . - Barry Devolin - Howd They Vote? : Barry Devolins voting history and quotes
|
[
"subsequently reelected"
] |
[
{
"text": " Barry Devolin , ( born March 10 , 1963 ) is a former Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada and an academic . Early life and education . Devolin was born in Peterborough and grew up in Haliburton . Devolin studied political science at Carleton University , where he graduated with a bachelors degree in 1985 . Two years later he received a masters degree in political science from the Stony Brook University on Long Island , New York .",
"title": "Barry Devolin"
},
{
"text": "In 1993 , Devolin married Ursula Beachli . They have 2 children , George ( 2002 ) and Molly ( 2004 ) . The Devolins live in Haliburton , Ontario .",
"title": "Barry Devolin"
},
{
"text": " In February 2017 , Devolin was named chair of the Asian Studies Graduate Program at Sejong University . His research fovuses on the socialization challenges facing North Korean defectors , and the ongoing Korean conflict . Devolin began his teaching career in 1986 while a graduate student at Stony Brook University . He was awarded the 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award by Stony Brook Universitys Political Science department .",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"text": " In 2013 , Barry Devolin announced he would not seek re-election in the 2015 federal election . His former executive assistant , Jamie Schmale , became the Conservative candidate for Haliburton-Kawartha Lakes-Brock , and was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament in October 2015 . Thus ended Devolins 11-year career in the House of Commons , which included his service as Assistant Deputy Speaker , his last 7 years .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Prior to 2008 , Devolin served on several Parliamentary Standing Committees , including as chair of the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ( 2006–08 ) . Devolin was also active in various parliamentary associations , and chaired Canada-Korea , Canada-Azerbaijan and Canada-Belgium . In 2013 , South Korean President Lee Myung-buk awarded the prestigious Order of Diplomatic Service Medal ( Heung-in ) to Devolin , the only Canadian to ever receive it .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 Devolin was nominated as the candidate for the new Conservative Party of Canada , and was elected in the 2004 election to represent the newly redistributed riding of Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock . He received 44% of the popular vote , defeating OReilly . In the 2006 election Devolin was re-elected with 49% of the vote . He was subsequently reelected in 2008 with 56% of the vote , and in 2011 with 60% of the vote .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Many years earlier , Devolin ran in the 1993 federal election as a member of the Reform Party in the riding of Victoria—Haliburton . Devolin placed second in the election , losing to John OReilly of the Liberals . Following the 1993 election , Devolin served as the director of research for the parliamentary caucus of the Reform Party . He spent time working in British Columbia and Korea , and in 1994 returned to Canada to assist Chris Hodgson to seek election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Haliburton—Victoria—Brock . After this , he served as Hodgsons chief",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "of staff . Devolin did not seek the nomination in Haliburton—Victoria—Brock in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " Over the years , Devolin held several senior political staff positions in the Canadian and Ontario governments , including chief of staff to Ontario Ministers Tim Hudak ( 1999–2000 ) and Chris Hodgson ( 1995–96 ) , special assistant for education to Ontario Premier Mike Harris ( 1998–99 ) , and director of research and question period strategist for the Reform Party of Canada under Preston Manning ( 1993–94 ) . From 2000 to 2004 , Devolin ran Shuter Street Associates , a strategic communications and planning consulting firm in Toronto .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Devolin served twice as campaign manager for Ontario Progressive Conservative candidates : in 1999 for former cabinet minister Brenda Elliott in the riding of Gueph-Wellington ; and , In 1987 for Arthur Ward in the riding of Victoria-Halliburton .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " - Barry Devolin - Howd They Vote? : Barry Devolins voting history and quotes",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Barry_Devolin#P39#2
|
Barry Devolin took which position in Apr 2014?
|
Barry Devolin Barry Devolin , ( born March 10 , 1963 ) is a former Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada and an academic . Early life and education . Devolin was born in Peterborough and grew up in Haliburton . Devolin studied political science at Carleton University , where he graduated with a bachelors degree in 1985 . Two years later he received a masters degree in political science from the Stony Brook University on Long Island , New York . In 1993 , Devolin married Ursula Beachli . They have 2 children , George ( 2002 ) and Molly ( 2004 ) . The Devolins live in Haliburton , Ontario . Academic career . In February 2017 , Devolin was named chair of the Asian Studies Graduate Program at Sejong University . His research fovuses on the socialization challenges facing North Korean defectors , and the ongoing Korean conflict . Devolin began his teaching career in 1986 while a graduate student at Stony Brook University . He was awarded the 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award by Stony Brook Universitys Political Science department . Political career . In 2013 , Barry Devolin announced he would not seek re-election in the 2015 federal election . His former executive assistant , Jamie Schmale , became the Conservative candidate for Haliburton-Kawartha Lakes-Brock , and was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament in October 2015 . Thus ended Devolins 11-year career in the House of Commons , which included his service as Assistant Deputy Speaker , his last 7 years . Prior to 2008 , Devolin served on several Parliamentary Standing Committees , including as chair of the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ( 2006–08 ) . Devolin was also active in various parliamentary associations , and chaired Canada-Korea , Canada-Azerbaijan and Canada-Belgium . In 2013 , South Korean President Lee Myung-buk awarded the prestigious Order of Diplomatic Service Medal ( Heung-in ) to Devolin , the only Canadian to ever receive it . In 2004 Devolin was nominated as the candidate for the new Conservative Party of Canada , and was elected in the 2004 election to represent the newly redistributed riding of Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock . He received 44% of the popular vote , defeating OReilly . In the 2006 election Devolin was re-elected with 49% of the vote . He was subsequently reelected in 2008 with 56% of the vote , and in 2011 with 60% of the vote . Many years earlier , Devolin ran in the 1993 federal election as a member of the Reform Party in the riding of Victoria—Haliburton . Devolin placed second in the election , losing to John OReilly of the Liberals . Following the 1993 election , Devolin served as the director of research for the parliamentary caucus of the Reform Party . He spent time working in British Columbia and Korea , and in 1994 returned to Canada to assist Chris Hodgson to seek election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Haliburton—Victoria—Brock . After this , he served as Hodgsons chief of staff . Devolin did not seek the nomination in Haliburton—Victoria—Brock in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections . Over the years , Devolin held several senior political staff positions in the Canadian and Ontario governments , including chief of staff to Ontario Ministers Tim Hudak ( 1999–2000 ) and Chris Hodgson ( 1995–96 ) , special assistant for education to Ontario Premier Mike Harris ( 1998–99 ) , and director of research and question period strategist for the Reform Party of Canada under Preston Manning ( 1993–94 ) . From 2000 to 2004 , Devolin ran Shuter Street Associates , a strategic communications and planning consulting firm in Toronto . Devolin served twice as campaign manager for Ontario Progressive Conservative candidates : in 1999 for former cabinet minister Brenda Elliott in the riding of Gueph-Wellington ; and , In 1987 for Arthur Ward in the riding of Victoria-Halliburton . External links . - Barry Devolin - Howd They Vote? : Barry Devolins voting history and quotes
|
[
"Member of Parliament"
] |
[
{
"text": " Barry Devolin , ( born March 10 , 1963 ) is a former Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada and an academic . Early life and education . Devolin was born in Peterborough and grew up in Haliburton . Devolin studied political science at Carleton University , where he graduated with a bachelors degree in 1985 . Two years later he received a masters degree in political science from the Stony Brook University on Long Island , New York .",
"title": "Barry Devolin"
},
{
"text": "In 1993 , Devolin married Ursula Beachli . They have 2 children , George ( 2002 ) and Molly ( 2004 ) . The Devolins live in Haliburton , Ontario .",
"title": "Barry Devolin"
},
{
"text": " In February 2017 , Devolin was named chair of the Asian Studies Graduate Program at Sejong University . His research fovuses on the socialization challenges facing North Korean defectors , and the ongoing Korean conflict . Devolin began his teaching career in 1986 while a graduate student at Stony Brook University . He was awarded the 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award by Stony Brook Universitys Political Science department .",
"title": "Academic career"
},
{
"text": " In 2013 , Barry Devolin announced he would not seek re-election in the 2015 federal election . His former executive assistant , Jamie Schmale , became the Conservative candidate for Haliburton-Kawartha Lakes-Brock , and was subsequently elected as a Member of Parliament in October 2015 . Thus ended Devolins 11-year career in the House of Commons , which included his service as Assistant Deputy Speaker , his last 7 years .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Prior to 2008 , Devolin served on several Parliamentary Standing Committees , including as chair of the Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ( 2006–08 ) . Devolin was also active in various parliamentary associations , and chaired Canada-Korea , Canada-Azerbaijan and Canada-Belgium . In 2013 , South Korean President Lee Myung-buk awarded the prestigious Order of Diplomatic Service Medal ( Heung-in ) to Devolin , the only Canadian to ever receive it .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " In 2004 Devolin was nominated as the candidate for the new Conservative Party of Canada , and was elected in the 2004 election to represent the newly redistributed riding of Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—Brock . He received 44% of the popular vote , defeating OReilly . In the 2006 election Devolin was re-elected with 49% of the vote . He was subsequently reelected in 2008 with 56% of the vote , and in 2011 with 60% of the vote .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Many years earlier , Devolin ran in the 1993 federal election as a member of the Reform Party in the riding of Victoria—Haliburton . Devolin placed second in the election , losing to John OReilly of the Liberals . Following the 1993 election , Devolin served as the director of research for the parliamentary caucus of the Reform Party . He spent time working in British Columbia and Korea , and in 1994 returned to Canada to assist Chris Hodgson to seek election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Haliburton—Victoria—Brock . After this , he served as Hodgsons chief",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "of staff . Devolin did not seek the nomination in Haliburton—Victoria—Brock in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " Over the years , Devolin held several senior political staff positions in the Canadian and Ontario governments , including chief of staff to Ontario Ministers Tim Hudak ( 1999–2000 ) and Chris Hodgson ( 1995–96 ) , special assistant for education to Ontario Premier Mike Harris ( 1998–99 ) , and director of research and question period strategist for the Reform Party of Canada under Preston Manning ( 1993–94 ) . From 2000 to 2004 , Devolin ran Shuter Street Associates , a strategic communications and planning consulting firm in Toronto .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": "Devolin served twice as campaign manager for Ontario Progressive Conservative candidates : in 1999 for former cabinet minister Brenda Elliott in the riding of Gueph-Wellington ; and , In 1987 for Arthur Ward in the riding of Victoria-Halliburton .",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"text": " - Barry Devolin - Howd They Vote? : Barry Devolins voting history and quotes",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Laurence_Harvey#P26#0
|
Who was Laurence Harvey 's spouse between Apr 1960 and Jul 1960?
|
Laurence Harvey Laurence Harvey ( born Zvi Mosheh Skikne ; 1 October 192825 November 1973 ) was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director . He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age , before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II . In a career that spanned a quarter of a century , Harvey appeared in stage , film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States . Known for his clipped , refined accent and cool , debonair screen persona ; his performance in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) resulted in an Academy Award nomination . That success was followed by the roles of William Barret Travis in The Alamo and Weston Liggett in Butterfield 8 , both films released in the autumn of 1960 . He also appeared as the brainwashed Sergeant Raymond Shaw in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) . He continued acting into the 1970s , until his sudden death in 1973 of cancer . Early life and career . South Africa . Harvey was born in Joniškis , Lithuania , the youngest of three sons of Ella ( née Zotnickaita ) and Ber Skikne , Lithuanian Jewish parents . His civil birth name was Laruschka Mischa Skikne . His Hebrew name was Zvi Mosheh . When he was five years old , his family traveled with the family of Riva Segal and her two sons , Louis and Charles Segal on the to South Africa , where he was known as Harry Skikne . Harvey grew up in Johannesburg . He was only fifteen when he auditioned to join the Entertainment Unit of the South African Army during the Second World War . Sid James managed the Unit and approved his audition . They become long-time friends . As the Mystery Guest on USA TV show Whats My Line ? screened 1 May 1960 , he states he arrived in South Africa in 1934 and moved to the UK in 1946 . Move to Britain . After moving to London , he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , but left RADA after three months . Billed as Larry Skikne , he appeared in the play Uprooted at the Comedy Theatre in 1947 . He also appeared on stage at the Library Theatre in Manchester . His performances in Manchester led to him being cast in his first film . Film debut and new name . Harvey made his cinema debut in the British film House of Darkness ( 1948 ) , but its distributor British Lion thought someone named Larry Skikne was not commercially viable . Accounts vary as to how the actor acquired his stage name of Laurence Harvey . One version has it that it was the idea of talent agent Gordon Harbord who decided Laurence would be an appropriate first name . In choosing a British-sounding last name , Harbord thought of two British retail institutions , Harvey Nichols and Harrods . Another is that Skikne was travelling on a London bus with Sid James who exclaimed during their journey : Its either Laurence Nichols or Laurence Harvey . Harveys own account differed over time . Associated British Picture Corporation and leading man . Associated British Picture Corporation quickly offered him a two-year contract , which Harvey accepted . He appeared in supporting roles in several of their lower-budget films such as Man on the Run ( 1949 ) , Landfall ( 1949 ) ( directed by Ken Annakin ) and The Dancing Years ( 1950 ) . For International Motion Pictures he was in The Man from Yesterday ( 1949 ) . Mayflower Productions , which released through Associated British , gave Harvey his first lead , appearing alongside Eric Portman in the Egypt-set police film Cairo Road ( 1950 ) . It was a minor success . He had a small role in the Hollywood financed The Black Rose ( 1950 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles , directed by Henry Hathaway . It was Harveys first experience in a Hollywood film . He played Cassio in a version of Othello for BBC TV starring Andre Morell . Harvey starred in leading roles for two B-pictures for director Lewis Gilbert at Nettleford Films : Scarlet Thread ( 1951 ) and There Is Another Sun ( 1951 ) . For Ealing , he made I Believe in You ( 1952 ) , directed by Basil Dearden . According to Sight and Sound this performance gave an indication of Harveys true metier . While Basil Deardens direction focused on honest Harry Fowler , it was Harveys Jordie who supplied an authentic glimpse of pin-table thuggery , his clothes and hairstyle on the cusp between cosh-boy and ted and his manner redolent of a languorous sexuality no amount of National Service could quell . He starred in the low-budget thriller A Killer Walks ( 1952 ) . In 1951 he appeared on stage in Hassan at the Cambridge Theatre . Romulus Films . Harveys career gained a boost when he appeared in Women of Twilight ( 1952 ) ; this was made by Romulus Films run by brothers John and James Woolf , who signed Harvey to a long-term contract . James Woolf in particular was a big admirer of Harvey and played an important role in turning the actor into a star . In 1953 he played Orlando on a BBC TV version of As You Like It , opposite Margaret Leighton , whom he would later marry . Romulus put him in two ensemble films : a comedy , Innocents in Paris ( 1953 ) and a crime thriller , The Good Die Young ( 1954 ) . He had an especially strong role in the latter , which was directed by Lewis Gilbert , and featured Hollywood actors such as John Ireland , Richard Basehart and Gloria Grahame , along with Leighton . This has been called his first performance of note . Harvey received an offer to play the juvenile male lead in the Hollywood spectacular King Richard and the Crusaders ( 1954 ) , a medieval swashbuckler for Warner Bros starring Rex Harrison , Virginia Mayo and George Sanders . It was a box-office disappointment , although Harveys performance was well received . Harvey played Romeo in Renato Castellanis adaptation of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet ( 1954 ) , narrated by John Gielgud . His performance was generally not well received . According to a contemporary interview , he turned down an offer to appear in Helen of Troy ( 1955 ) to act at Stratford-upon-Avon , where he again performed in Romeo and Juliet , this time on stage . Romulus gave Harvey another excellent chance when he was cast as the writer Christopher Isherwood in I Am A Camera ( 1955 ) , with Julie Harris as Sally Bowles . He and Leighton starred in an adaptation of A Month in the Country for ITV Play of the Week ( 1955 ) . He made his Broadway debut in 1955 in the play Island of Goats , a flop that closed after one week , though his performance won him a 1956 Theatre World Award . While in the US he appeared on TV in an episode of The Alcoa Hour called The Small Servant , co starring Diane Cilento . Zoltan Korda used him as one of the soldiers in Storm Over the Nile ( 1955 ) , a remake of The Four Feathers ( 1939 ) , playing the part taken by Ralph Richardson in the 1939 version . It was popular in Britain as was the comedy Three Men in a Boat ( 1956 ) , made for Romulus under the direction of Ken Annakin . Harvey appeared in The Bet for ITV Television Playhouse ( 1956 ) then did another for Romulus , After the Ball ( 1957 ) , a biopic of Vesta Tilley , in which Harvey played Walter de Frece . He followed it with The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) , a comedy directed by Muriel Box for Beaconsfield Productions . Harvey returned to Broadway in 1957 to appear alongside Julie Harris , Pamela Brown and Colleen Dewhurst in William Wycherleys The Country Wife ( a production he had originally starred in at Londons Royal Court Theatre ) . For Romulus , Harvey starred in The Silent Enemy ( 1958 ) , with his old friend Sid James , a biopic of war hero Lionel Crabb . International stardom . Room at the Top . Harveys breakthrough to international stardom came after he was cast by director Jack Clayton as the social climber Joe Lampton in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) , produced by Romulus . For his performance , Harvey received a BAFTA Award nomination and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Simone Signoret and Heather Sears co-starred as Lamptons married lover and eventual wife respectively . It was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1959 and a hit in the U.S . Harvey went to Broadway in 1958 , as Shakespeares Henry V , as part of the Old Vic company , which featured a young Judi Dench as Katherine , the daughter of the king of France . Harvey followed it with the musical Expresso Bongo ( 1959 ) , a film best remembered for introducing Cliff Richard . He did The Violent Years for the ITV Play of the Week ( 1959 ) . While in the US he appeared in Arthur , an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Hitchcock himself . Hollywood . The success of Room at the Top led to Hollywood offers and Harvey decided to spend the next three years focusing on films . He was in John Waynes epic The Alamo ( 1960 ) , being John Waynes personal choice to play Alamo commandant William Barret Travis . He had been impressed by Harveys talent and ability to project the aristocratic demeanor Wayne believed Travis possessed . Harvey and Wayne later expressed their mutual admiration and satisfaction at having worked together . The Alamo was a hit ( although the enormous cost meant the film lost money ) . Even more successful was Harveys next Hollywood film , MGMs BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) , which won Elizabeth Taylor her first Oscar . He was named for The Eddie Chapman Story but it was not made until years later , as Triple Cross with Christopher Plummer . Back in Britain , Harvey was cast in the film version of The Long and the Short and the Tall ( 1961 ) in a role originally performed by Peter OToole during the plays West End run . He clashed with Richard Todd and Richard Harris during filming but the movie was a hit in Britain . He was announced for some films that were not made ( The Disenchanted from the novel by Budd Schulberg , No Bail for the Judge , from Alfred Hitchcock The Lion , The Long Walk ) and films made with other actors The Greengage Summer ) . In the U.S. , he supported Shirley MacLaine in MGMs Two Loves ( 1961 ) and co-starred with Geraldine Page in the film adaptation of Tennessee Williamss Summer and Smoke ( 1961 ) , directed by Peter Glenville . He signed to appear in the film of Five Finger Exercise but was not in the eventual film . His fee around this time was $300,000 a film . Harvey played the male lead in Walk on the Wild Side ( 1962 ) , produced by Charles Feldman ; he was cast alongside Barbara Stanwyck , Jane Fonda and Capucine . Fonda was not positive about the experience of working with him : There are actors and actors – and then there are the Laurence Harveys . With them , its like acting by yourself . The same year , he recorded an album of spoken excerpts from the book This Is My Beloved by Walter Benton , accompanied by original music by Herbie Mann . It was released on the Atlantic label . He narrated a TV musical , The Flood ( 1962 ) . MGM cast Harvey as Wilhelm Grimm in the MGM film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm ( 1962 ) , produced by George Pal . Harveys performance earned him a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . The fantasy movie filmed in 3-strip Cinerama was a box office disappointment . Harvey appeared as the brainwashed US Army Captain Raymond Shaw in the Cold War thriller The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) , directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Frank Sinatra and Angela Lansbury . Film critic David Shipman wrote unkindly : Harveys role required him to act like a zombie and several critics cited it as his first convincing performance . The movie was a hit and has since become critically highly regarded , and is one of Harveys better-remembered films . Harvey went to Japan to make A Girl Named Tamiko ( 1962 ) with France Nuyen for director John Sturges and producer Hal Wallis . I have suddenly found the gates of Hollywood opened to me , he said at the time . He followed this with The Running Man ( 1963 ) , directed by Carol Reed , with Lee Remick and Alan Bates . Director . Harvey made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) , in which he also starred . It was shot in Spain for United Artists . Harvey played King Arthur in the 1964 London production of the Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe musical Camelot at Drury Lane . He was the male lead in an adaptation of W . Somerset Maughams Of Human Bondage ( 1964 ) , co starring Kim Novak . Harvey had been connected to the project for several years . It was a troubled shoot , with Harvey and Novak clashing , and original director Henry Hathaway leaving during the shoot and being replaced by Ken Hughes . During filming , kidnap threats were made against both Harvey and Novak by student organisations . The Outrage ( 1964 ) was director Martin Ritts remake of Akira Kurosawas Japanese film Rashomon ( 1950 ) . Besides Harvey , the film starred Paul Newman and Claire Bloom , but was unsuccessful critically and commercially . Harvey reprised his role as Joe Lampton in Life at the Top ( 1965 ) , directed by Ted Kotcheff . This is considered one of his best later performances . Harvey had his first commercially successful film in a number of years with Darling ( 1965 ) , starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde . While Harveys role in the film is short , his involvement enabled director John Schlesinger to raise financial backing for the project . Harvey starred in a version of The Doctor and the Devils directed by Nicholas Ray from a script by Dylan Thomas but the film was not completed . Harvey co-starred with Israeli actress Daliah Lavi in the comedy The Spy with a Cold Nose ( 1966 ) , a parody of the James Bond films . Harvey did The Winters Tale ( 1967 ) and then Dial M for Murder ( 1967 ) for American TV . Charge of the Light Brigade . Harvey owned the rights to the book on which John Osbornes early script for the film The Charge of the Light Brigade ( 1968 ) was partially based , Cecil Woodham-Smiths book The Reason Why ( 1953 ) . He intended to make his own version . A lawsuit was filed against director Tony Richardsons company Woodfall Film Productions on behalf of the books author . There was a monetary settlement , and Harvey insisted on being cast in a cameo role ( being cast as Prince Radziwill ) as part of the agreement for which he was paid £60,000 . Charles Wood was brought in to re-write the script . Harveys scenes were cut from the movie at Richardsons insistence except for a brief glimpse as an anonymous member of a theatre audience which , technically , still met the requirements of the legal settlement . John Osborne asserted in his autobiography that Richardson shot the scenes with Harvey French , which is film jargon for a director going-through-the-motions because of some obligation , but with no film in the camera . Harvey completed direction of the spy thriller A Dandy in Aspic ( 1968 ) after director Anthony Mann died during production . The film co-stars Mia Farrow . This has been called his last effective cinema role.. . The critics greeted it with disdain but the plot was tailor-made for Harvey , who plays a Russian spy who has adopted an English identity so he can go undercover within British Intelligence . Harvey provided the narration for the Soviet film Tchaikovsky ( 1969 ) , directed by Igor Talankin . Later career . Harvey co-starred with Ann-Margret in Rebus ( 1969 ) then appeared in Kampf um Rom ( 1970 ) , a film set in Ancient Rome . The latter starred Orson Welles , who directed Harvey in The Deep , a thriller that was abandoned . Harvey starred in She and He ( 1969 ) which he helped produce . Harvey had a cameo role as himself in The Magic Christian ( 1969 ) , a film based on the Terry Southern novel of the same name . He gives a rendition of Hamlets soliloquy that develops unexpectedly into a campy striptease routine . He had a small role in WUSA ( 1970 ) and was guest murderer on Columbo : The Most Dangerous Match in 1973 , portraying a chess champion who kills his opponent . For British TV he appeared in a version of Arms and the Man for ITV Sunday Night Theatre ( 1971 ) . Joanna Pettet appeared with Harvey in an episode of Rod Serlings Night Gallery ( The Caterpillar , 1972 ) , in which Harveys character attempts to assassinate a romantic rival by having a burrowing insect dropped in the mans ear . Harvey starred in Escape to the Sun ( 1972 ) , directed by Menahem Golan and was reunited with Elizabeth Taylor in Night Watch ( 1973 ) . Night Watch was financed by Brut Productions who also financed Welcome to Arrow Beach ( 1974 ) which Harvey directed and starred in ; the cast also included his friend Pettet , John Ireland and Stuart Whitman . The film deals with a type of war-related post-traumatic stress disorder that turns a military veteran to cannibalism . Final plans . In August 1973,it was reported Harvey had been ill , but he assured people he was busier than ever . Just before he died , he was planning to star in and direct two films : one on Kitty Genovese , the other a Wolf Mankowitz comedy titled Cockatrice . His death put an end to any hope that Orson Welless The Deep would be completed . With Harvey and Jeanne Moreau in the leading roles , Welles worked on the film between his other projects , although the production was hampered by financial problems . Personal life . He met Hermione Baddeley , an established actress , when they were cast in the film “There is another sun” in 1950 . She became his “live-in” partner and a lucky charm for his career . She introduced him to Basil Dean and his first part on the London stage in “Hassan” , followed by a season at Stratford in 1952 with Glen Byam Shaw . Most significantly , she introduced him to James Woolf , of Romulus Films . He became his mentor , manager and lover , over the next 14 years . He made Laurence Harvey a star . Harvey left Baddeley in 1952 for actress Margaret Leighton , who was then married to publisher Max Reinhardt . Leighton and Reinhardt divorced in 1955 , and she married Harvey in 1957 off the Rock of Gibraltar . The couple divorced in 1961 . In 1968 he married Joan Perry , the widow of film mogul Harry Cohn . Her marriage to Harvey lasted until 1972 . His third marriage was to British fashion model Paulene Stone . She gave birth to their daughter Domino in 1969 while he was still married to Perry . Harvey and Stone married in 1972 and soon after , he adopted her child from her previous marriage , Sophie Norris ( now Sophie Harvey ) . The wedding took place at the home of Harold Robbins . In his account of being Frank Sinatras valet , Mr . S : My Life with Frank Sinatra ( 2003 ) , George Jacobs writes that Harvey often made passes at him while visiting Sinatra . According to Jacobs , Sinatra was aware of Harveys sexuality . In his autobiography Close Up ( 2004 ) , British actor John Fraser claimed Harvey was gay and that his long-term lover was Harveys manager James Woolf , who had cast Harvey in several of the films he produced in the 1950s . After working in two films with her , Harvey remained friends with Elizabeth Taylor for the rest of his life . She visited him three weeks before he died . Upon his death , Taylor issued the statement : He was one of the people I really loved in this world . He was part of the sun . For everyone who loved him , the sun is a bit dimmer . She and Peter Lawford held a memorial service for Harvey in California . Harvey once responded to an assertion about himself : Someone once asked me , Why is it so many people hate you ? and I said , Do they ? How super ! Im really quite pleased about it . Death . A heavy smoker and drinker , Harvey died at the age of 45 from stomach cancer in Hampstead , north London , on 25 November 1973 . His daughter Domino , who later became a bounty hunter , was only four years old at the time . She died at the age of 35 , in 2005 , after overdosing on painkillers . They are buried together in Santa Barbara Cemetery in Santa Barbara , California . Appraisal . According to his obituary in The New York Times : With his clipped speech , cool smile and a cigarette dangling impudently from his lips , Laurence Harvey established himself as the screens perfect pin-striped cad . He could project such utter boredom that willowy debutantes would shrivel in his presence . He could also exude such charm that the same young ladies would gladly lend him their hearts , which were usually returned utterly broken.. . The image Mr Harvey carefully fostered for himself off screen was not far removed from some of the roles he played . Im a flamboyant character , an extrovert who doesnt want to reveal his feelings , he once said . To bare your soul to the world , I find unutterably boring . I think part of our profession is to have a quixotic personality . According to Sight and Sound Any young actor who delighted in pink bathroom suites and liked to compare himself favourably to Olivier , Gielgud and Richardson – preferably in the same sentence – was clearly going to find it hard to fit the mould of New Elizabethan chappism promoted by Rank and ABPC.. . Harvey flaunted a cigarette holder almost as parodie as Terry Thomas and boasted that his drainpipe trousers pre-dated the teddy boys . His hairstyle always tended towards the baroque and quickly became a trademark Awards and nominations . - 1956 Theatre World Award . - 1959 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1960 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1959 Nomination Academy Award for Best Actor - 1960 Nominated Laurel Award Top Male New Personality - 1963 Nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . Acting credits . Film . Note : Where British Film Institute ( BFI ) and American Film Institute ( AFI ) differed on release year , or if the Wikipedia article title had a different release year , whichever source is the country of production is the year used . Further reading . - Hickey , Des and Smith , Gus . The Prince : The Public and Private Life of Laurence Harvey . Leslie Frewin . 1975 . - Stone , Paulene . One Tear is Enough : My Life with Laurence Harvey . 1975 . - Sinai , Anne . Reach for the Top : The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey . Scarecrow Press . 2003 . External links . - Laurence Harvey Britmovie
|
[
"Margaret Leighton"
] |
[
{
"text": " Laurence Harvey ( born Zvi Mosheh Skikne ; 1 October 192825 November 1973 ) was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director . He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age , before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II . In a career that spanned a quarter of a century , Harvey appeared in stage , film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States .",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "Known for his clipped , refined accent and cool , debonair screen persona ; his performance in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) resulted in an Academy Award nomination . That success was followed by the roles of William Barret Travis in The Alamo and Weston Liggett in Butterfield 8 , both films released in the autumn of 1960 . He also appeared as the brainwashed Sergeant Raymond Shaw in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) . He continued acting into the 1970s , until his sudden",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "death in 1973 of cancer .",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "Harvey was born in Joniškis , Lithuania , the youngest of three sons of Ella ( née Zotnickaita ) and Ber Skikne , Lithuanian Jewish parents . His civil birth name was Laruschka Mischa Skikne . His Hebrew name was Zvi Mosheh . When he was five years old , his family traveled with the family of Riva Segal and her two sons , Louis and Charles Segal on the to South Africa , where he was known as Harry Skikne . Harvey grew up in Johannesburg . He was only fifteen when he auditioned to join the Entertainment Unit",
"title": "South Africa"
},
{
"text": "of the South African Army during the Second World War . Sid James managed the Unit and approved his audition . They become long-time friends . As the Mystery Guest on USA TV show Whats My Line ? screened 1 May 1960 , he states he arrived in South Africa in 1934 and moved to the UK in 1946 .",
"title": "South Africa"
},
{
"text": " After moving to London , he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , but left RADA after three months . Billed as Larry Skikne , he appeared in the play Uprooted at the Comedy Theatre in 1947 . He also appeared on stage at the Library Theatre in Manchester . His performances in Manchester led to him being cast in his first film . Film debut and new name .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Harvey made his cinema debut in the British film House of Darkness ( 1948 ) , but its distributor British Lion thought someone named Larry Skikne was not commercially viable . Accounts vary as to how the actor acquired his stage name of Laurence Harvey . One version has it that it was the idea of talent agent Gordon Harbord who decided Laurence would be an appropriate first name . In choosing a British-sounding last name , Harbord thought of two British retail institutions , Harvey Nichols and Harrods . Another is that Skikne was travelling on a London bus",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "with Sid James who exclaimed during their journey : Its either Laurence Nichols or Laurence Harvey . Harveys own account differed over time .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " Associated British Picture Corporation and leading man . Associated British Picture Corporation quickly offered him a two-year contract , which Harvey accepted . He appeared in supporting roles in several of their lower-budget films such as Man on the Run ( 1949 ) , Landfall ( 1949 ) ( directed by Ken Annakin ) and The Dancing Years ( 1950 ) . For International Motion Pictures he was in The Man from Yesterday ( 1949 ) .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Mayflower Productions , which released through Associated British , gave Harvey his first lead , appearing alongside Eric Portman in the Egypt-set police film Cairo Road ( 1950 ) . It was a minor success .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " He had a small role in the Hollywood financed The Black Rose ( 1950 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles , directed by Henry Hathaway . It was Harveys first experience in a Hollywood film . He played Cassio in a version of Othello for BBC TV starring Andre Morell .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Harvey starred in leading roles for two B-pictures for director Lewis Gilbert at Nettleford Films : Scarlet Thread ( 1951 ) and There Is Another Sun ( 1951 ) . For Ealing , he made I Believe in You ( 1952 ) , directed by Basil Dearden . According to Sight and Sound this performance gave an indication of Harveys true metier . While Basil Deardens direction focused on honest Harry Fowler , it was Harveys Jordie who supplied an authentic glimpse of pin-table thuggery , his clothes and hairstyle on the cusp between cosh-boy and ted and his manner",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "redolent of a languorous sexuality no amount of National Service could quell .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " He starred in the low-budget thriller A Killer Walks ( 1952 ) . In 1951 he appeared on stage in Hassan at the Cambridge Theatre .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " Harveys career gained a boost when he appeared in Women of Twilight ( 1952 ) ; this was made by Romulus Films run by brothers John and James Woolf , who signed Harvey to a long-term contract . James Woolf in particular was a big admirer of Harvey and played an important role in turning the actor into a star . In 1953 he played Orlando on a BBC TV version of As You Like It , opposite Margaret Leighton , whom he would later marry .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Romulus put him in two ensemble films : a comedy , Innocents in Paris ( 1953 ) and a crime thriller , The Good Die Young ( 1954 ) . He had an especially strong role in the latter , which was directed by Lewis Gilbert , and featured Hollywood actors such as John Ireland , Richard Basehart and Gloria Grahame , along with Leighton . This has been called his first performance of note .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Harvey received an offer to play the juvenile male lead in the Hollywood spectacular King Richard and the Crusaders ( 1954 ) , a medieval swashbuckler for Warner Bros starring Rex Harrison , Virginia Mayo and George Sanders . It was a box-office disappointment , although Harveys performance was well received .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Harvey played Romeo in Renato Castellanis adaptation of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet ( 1954 ) , narrated by John Gielgud . His performance was generally not well received . According to a contemporary interview , he turned down an offer to appear in Helen of Troy ( 1955 ) to act at Stratford-upon-Avon , where he again performed in Romeo and Juliet , this time on stage .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Romulus gave Harvey another excellent chance when he was cast as the writer Christopher Isherwood in I Am A Camera ( 1955 ) , with Julie Harris as Sally Bowles . He and Leighton starred in an adaptation of A Month in the Country for ITV Play of the Week ( 1955 ) . He made his Broadway debut in 1955 in the play Island of Goats , a flop that closed after one week , though his performance won him a 1956 Theatre World Award . While in the US he appeared on TV in an episode of The",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Alcoa Hour called The Small Servant , co starring Diane Cilento .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Zoltan Korda used him as one of the soldiers in Storm Over the Nile ( 1955 ) , a remake of The Four Feathers ( 1939 ) , playing the part taken by Ralph Richardson in the 1939 version . It was popular in Britain as was the comedy Three Men in a Boat ( 1956 ) , made for Romulus under the direction of Ken Annakin .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Harvey appeared in The Bet for ITV Television Playhouse ( 1956 ) then did another for Romulus , After the Ball ( 1957 ) , a biopic of Vesta Tilley , in which Harvey played Walter de Frece . He followed it with The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) , a comedy directed by Muriel Box for Beaconsfield Productions .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Harvey returned to Broadway in 1957 to appear alongside Julie Harris , Pamela Brown and Colleen Dewhurst in William Wycherleys The Country Wife ( a production he had originally starred in at Londons Royal Court Theatre ) . For Romulus , Harvey starred in The Silent Enemy ( 1958 ) , with his old friend Sid James , a biopic of war hero Lionel Crabb .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Room at the Top . Harveys breakthrough to international stardom came after he was cast by director Jack Clayton as the social climber Joe Lampton in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) , produced by Romulus . For his performance , Harvey received a BAFTA Award nomination and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Simone Signoret and Heather Sears co-starred as Lamptons married lover and eventual wife respectively . It was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1959 and a hit in the U.S .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": "Harvey went to Broadway in 1958 , as Shakespeares Henry V , as part of the Old Vic company , which featured a young Judi Dench as Katherine , the daughter of the king of France .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": " Harvey followed it with the musical Expresso Bongo ( 1959 ) , a film best remembered for introducing Cliff Richard . He did The Violent Years for the ITV Play of the Week ( 1959 ) . While in the US he appeared in Arthur , an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Hitchcock himself .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": "The success of Room at the Top led to Hollywood offers and Harvey decided to spend the next three years focusing on films . He was in John Waynes epic The Alamo ( 1960 ) , being John Waynes personal choice to play Alamo commandant William Barret Travis . He had been impressed by Harveys talent and ability to project the aristocratic demeanor Wayne believed Travis possessed . Harvey and Wayne later expressed their mutual admiration and satisfaction at having worked together . The Alamo was a hit ( although the enormous cost meant the film lost money ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Even more successful was Harveys next Hollywood film , MGMs BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) , which won Elizabeth Taylor her first Oscar . He was named for The Eddie Chapman Story but it was not made until years later , as Triple Cross with Christopher Plummer .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Back in Britain , Harvey was cast in the film version of The Long and the Short and the Tall ( 1961 ) in a role originally performed by Peter OToole during the plays West End run . He clashed with Richard Todd and Richard Harris during filming but the movie was a hit in Britain . He was announced for some films that were not made ( The Disenchanted from the novel by Budd Schulberg , No Bail for the Judge , from Alfred Hitchcock The Lion , The Long Walk ) and films made with other actors The",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Greengage Summer ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " In the U.S. , he supported Shirley MacLaine in MGMs Two Loves ( 1961 ) and co-starred with Geraldine Page in the film adaptation of Tennessee Williamss Summer and Smoke ( 1961 ) , directed by Peter Glenville . He signed to appear in the film of Five Finger Exercise but was not in the eventual film . His fee around this time was $300,000 a film .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Harvey played the male lead in Walk on the Wild Side ( 1962 ) , produced by Charles Feldman ; he was cast alongside Barbara Stanwyck , Jane Fonda and Capucine . Fonda was not positive about the experience of working with him : There are actors and actors – and then there are the Laurence Harveys . With them , its like acting by yourself . The same year , he recorded an album of spoken excerpts from the book This Is My Beloved by Walter Benton , accompanied by original music by Herbie Mann . It was released",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "on the Atlantic label . He narrated a TV musical , The Flood ( 1962 ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " MGM cast Harvey as Wilhelm Grimm in the MGM film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm ( 1962 ) , produced by George Pal . Harveys performance earned him a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . The fantasy movie filmed in 3-strip Cinerama was a box office disappointment .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Harvey appeared as the brainwashed US Army Captain Raymond Shaw in the Cold War thriller The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) , directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Frank Sinatra and Angela Lansbury . Film critic David Shipman wrote unkindly : Harveys role required him to act like a zombie and several critics cited it as his first convincing performance . The movie was a hit and has since become critically highly regarded , and is one of Harveys better-remembered films .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Harvey went to Japan to make A Girl Named Tamiko ( 1962 ) with France Nuyen for director John Sturges and producer Hal Wallis . I have suddenly found the gates of Hollywood opened to me , he said at the time . He followed this with The Running Man ( 1963 ) , directed by Carol Reed , with Lee Remick and Alan Bates .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Harvey made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) , in which he also starred . It was shot in Spain for United Artists . Harvey played King Arthur in the 1964 London production of the Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe musical Camelot at Drury Lane .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "He was the male lead in an adaptation of W . Somerset Maughams Of Human Bondage ( 1964 ) , co starring Kim Novak . Harvey had been connected to the project for several years . It was a troubled shoot , with Harvey and Novak clashing , and original director Henry Hathaway leaving during the shoot and being replaced by Ken Hughes . During filming , kidnap threats were made against both Harvey and Novak by student organisations .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " The Outrage ( 1964 ) was director Martin Ritts remake of Akira Kurosawas Japanese film Rashomon ( 1950 ) . Besides Harvey , the film starred Paul Newman and Claire Bloom , but was unsuccessful critically and commercially . Harvey reprised his role as Joe Lampton in Life at the Top ( 1965 ) , directed by Ted Kotcheff . This is considered one of his best later performances .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "Harvey had his first commercially successful film in a number of years with Darling ( 1965 ) , starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde . While Harveys role in the film is short , his involvement enabled director John Schlesinger to raise financial backing for the project . Harvey starred in a version of The Doctor and the Devils directed by Nicholas Ray from a script by Dylan Thomas but the film was not completed .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey co-starred with Israeli actress Daliah Lavi in the comedy The Spy with a Cold Nose ( 1966 ) , a parody of the James Bond films . Harvey did The Winters Tale ( 1967 ) and then Dial M for Murder ( 1967 ) for American TV . Charge of the Light Brigade .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "Harvey owned the rights to the book on which John Osbornes early script for the film The Charge of the Light Brigade ( 1968 ) was partially based , Cecil Woodham-Smiths book The Reason Why ( 1953 ) . He intended to make his own version . A lawsuit was filed against director Tony Richardsons company Woodfall Film Productions on behalf of the books author . There was a monetary settlement , and Harvey insisted on being cast in a cameo role ( being cast as Prince Radziwill ) as part of the agreement for which he was paid £60,000",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": ". Charles Wood was brought in to re-write the script . Harveys scenes were cut from the movie at Richardsons insistence except for a brief glimpse as an anonymous member of a theatre audience which , technically , still met the requirements of the legal settlement . John Osborne asserted in his autobiography that Richardson shot the scenes with Harvey French , which is film jargon for a director going-through-the-motions because of some obligation , but with no film in the camera .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey completed direction of the spy thriller A Dandy in Aspic ( 1968 ) after director Anthony Mann died during production . The film co-stars Mia Farrow . This has been called his last effective cinema role.. . The critics greeted it with disdain but the plot was tailor-made for Harvey , who plays a Russian spy who has adopted an English identity so he can go undercover within British Intelligence . Harvey provided the narration for the Soviet film Tchaikovsky ( 1969 ) , directed by Igor Talankin .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey co-starred with Ann-Margret in Rebus ( 1969 ) then appeared in Kampf um Rom ( 1970 ) , a film set in Ancient Rome . The latter starred Orson Welles , who directed Harvey in The Deep , a thriller that was abandoned . Harvey starred in She and He ( 1969 ) which he helped produce .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "Harvey had a cameo role as himself in The Magic Christian ( 1969 ) , a film based on the Terry Southern novel of the same name . He gives a rendition of Hamlets soliloquy that develops unexpectedly into a campy striptease routine .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " He had a small role in WUSA ( 1970 ) and was guest murderer on Columbo : The Most Dangerous Match in 1973 , portraying a chess champion who kills his opponent . For British TV he appeared in a version of Arms and the Man for ITV Sunday Night Theatre ( 1971 ) . Joanna Pettet appeared with Harvey in an episode of Rod Serlings Night Gallery ( The Caterpillar , 1972 ) , in which Harveys character attempts to assassinate a romantic rival by having a burrowing insect dropped in the mans ear .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "Harvey starred in Escape to the Sun ( 1972 ) , directed by Menahem Golan and was reunited with Elizabeth Taylor in Night Watch ( 1973 ) . Night Watch was financed by Brut Productions who also financed Welcome to Arrow Beach ( 1974 ) which Harvey directed and starred in ; the cast also included his friend Pettet , John Ireland and Stuart Whitman . The film deals with a type of war-related post-traumatic stress disorder that turns a military veteran to cannibalism .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In August 1973,it was reported Harvey had been ill , but he assured people he was busier than ever . Just before he died , he was planning to star in and direct two films : one on Kitty Genovese , the other a Wolf Mankowitz comedy titled Cockatrice . His death put an end to any hope that Orson Welless The Deep would be completed . With Harvey and Jeanne Moreau in the leading roles , Welles worked on the film between his other projects , although the production was hampered by financial problems .",
"title": "Final plans"
},
{
"text": "He met Hermione Baddeley , an established actress , when they were cast in the film “There is another sun” in 1950 . She became his “live-in” partner and a lucky charm for his career . She introduced him to Basil Dean and his first part on the London stage in “Hassan” , followed by a season at Stratford in 1952 with Glen Byam Shaw . Most significantly , she introduced him to James Woolf , of Romulus Films . He became his mentor , manager and lover , over the next 14 years . He made Laurence Harvey a",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "star . Harvey left Baddeley in 1952 for actress Margaret Leighton , who was then married to publisher Max Reinhardt . Leighton and Reinhardt divorced in 1955 , and she married Harvey in 1957 off the Rock of Gibraltar . The couple divorced in 1961 .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " In 1968 he married Joan Perry , the widow of film mogul Harry Cohn . Her marriage to Harvey lasted until 1972 . His third marriage was to British fashion model Paulene Stone . She gave birth to their daughter Domino in 1969 while he was still married to Perry . Harvey and Stone married in 1972 and soon after , he adopted her child from her previous marriage , Sophie Norris ( now Sophie Harvey ) . The wedding took place at the home of Harold Robbins .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In his account of being Frank Sinatras valet , Mr . S : My Life with Frank Sinatra ( 2003 ) , George Jacobs writes that Harvey often made passes at him while visiting Sinatra . According to Jacobs , Sinatra was aware of Harveys sexuality . In his autobiography Close Up ( 2004 ) , British actor John Fraser claimed Harvey was gay and that his long-term lover was Harveys manager James Woolf , who had cast Harvey in several of the films he produced in the 1950s .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " After working in two films with her , Harvey remained friends with Elizabeth Taylor for the rest of his life . She visited him three weeks before he died . Upon his death , Taylor issued the statement : He was one of the people I really loved in this world . He was part of the sun . For everyone who loved him , the sun is a bit dimmer . She and Peter Lawford held a memorial service for Harvey in California .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Harvey once responded to an assertion about himself : Someone once asked me , Why is it so many people hate you ? and I said , Do they ? How super ! Im really quite pleased about it .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " A heavy smoker and drinker , Harvey died at the age of 45 from stomach cancer in Hampstead , north London , on 25 November 1973 . His daughter Domino , who later became a bounty hunter , was only four years old at the time . She died at the age of 35 , in 2005 , after overdosing on painkillers . They are buried together in Santa Barbara Cemetery in Santa Barbara , California .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": "With his clipped speech , cool smile and a cigarette dangling impudently from his lips , Laurence Harvey established himself as the screens perfect pin-striped cad . He could project such utter boredom that willowy debutantes would shrivel in his presence . He could also exude such charm that the same young ladies would gladly lend him their hearts , which were usually returned utterly broken.. . The image Mr Harvey carefully fostered for himself off screen was not far removed from some of the roles he played . Im a flamboyant character , an extrovert who doesnt want to",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": "reveal his feelings , he once said . To bare your soul to the world , I find unutterably boring . I think part of our profession is to have a quixotic personality .",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": " According to Sight and Sound Any young actor who delighted in pink bathroom suites and liked to compare himself favourably to Olivier , Gielgud and Richardson – preferably in the same sentence – was clearly going to find it hard to fit the mould of New Elizabethan chappism promoted by Rank and ABPC.. . Harvey flaunted a cigarette holder almost as parodie as Terry Thomas and boasted that his drainpipe trousers pre-dated the teddy boys . His hairstyle always tended towards the baroque and quickly became a trademark",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": " - 1956 Theatre World Award . - 1959 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1960 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1959 Nomination Academy Award for Best Actor - 1960 Nominated Laurel Award Top Male New Personality - 1963 Nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama .",
"title": "Awards and nominations"
},
{
"text": " Note : Where British Film Institute ( BFI ) and American Film Institute ( AFI ) differed on release year , or if the Wikipedia article title had a different release year , whichever source is the country of production is the year used .",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Hickey , Des and Smith , Gus . The Prince : The Public and Private Life of Laurence Harvey . Leslie Frewin . 1975 . - Stone , Paulene . One Tear is Enough : My Life with Laurence Harvey . 1975 . - Sinai , Anne . Reach for the Top : The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey . Scarecrow Press . 2003 .",
"title": "Further reading"
},
{
"text": " - Laurence Harvey Britmovie",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Laurence_Harvey#P26#1
|
Who was Laurence Harvey 's spouse between Mar 1971 and Dec 1971?
|
Laurence Harvey Laurence Harvey ( born Zvi Mosheh Skikne ; 1 October 192825 November 1973 ) was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director . He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age , before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II . In a career that spanned a quarter of a century , Harvey appeared in stage , film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States . Known for his clipped , refined accent and cool , debonair screen persona ; his performance in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) resulted in an Academy Award nomination . That success was followed by the roles of William Barret Travis in The Alamo and Weston Liggett in Butterfield 8 , both films released in the autumn of 1960 . He also appeared as the brainwashed Sergeant Raymond Shaw in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) . He continued acting into the 1970s , until his sudden death in 1973 of cancer . Early life and career . South Africa . Harvey was born in Joniškis , Lithuania , the youngest of three sons of Ella ( née Zotnickaita ) and Ber Skikne , Lithuanian Jewish parents . His civil birth name was Laruschka Mischa Skikne . His Hebrew name was Zvi Mosheh . When he was five years old , his family traveled with the family of Riva Segal and her two sons , Louis and Charles Segal on the to South Africa , where he was known as Harry Skikne . Harvey grew up in Johannesburg . He was only fifteen when he auditioned to join the Entertainment Unit of the South African Army during the Second World War . Sid James managed the Unit and approved his audition . They become long-time friends . As the Mystery Guest on USA TV show Whats My Line ? screened 1 May 1960 , he states he arrived in South Africa in 1934 and moved to the UK in 1946 . Move to Britain . After moving to London , he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , but left RADA after three months . Billed as Larry Skikne , he appeared in the play Uprooted at the Comedy Theatre in 1947 . He also appeared on stage at the Library Theatre in Manchester . His performances in Manchester led to him being cast in his first film . Film debut and new name . Harvey made his cinema debut in the British film House of Darkness ( 1948 ) , but its distributor British Lion thought someone named Larry Skikne was not commercially viable . Accounts vary as to how the actor acquired his stage name of Laurence Harvey . One version has it that it was the idea of talent agent Gordon Harbord who decided Laurence would be an appropriate first name . In choosing a British-sounding last name , Harbord thought of two British retail institutions , Harvey Nichols and Harrods . Another is that Skikne was travelling on a London bus with Sid James who exclaimed during their journey : Its either Laurence Nichols or Laurence Harvey . Harveys own account differed over time . Associated British Picture Corporation and leading man . Associated British Picture Corporation quickly offered him a two-year contract , which Harvey accepted . He appeared in supporting roles in several of their lower-budget films such as Man on the Run ( 1949 ) , Landfall ( 1949 ) ( directed by Ken Annakin ) and The Dancing Years ( 1950 ) . For International Motion Pictures he was in The Man from Yesterday ( 1949 ) . Mayflower Productions , which released through Associated British , gave Harvey his first lead , appearing alongside Eric Portman in the Egypt-set police film Cairo Road ( 1950 ) . It was a minor success . He had a small role in the Hollywood financed The Black Rose ( 1950 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles , directed by Henry Hathaway . It was Harveys first experience in a Hollywood film . He played Cassio in a version of Othello for BBC TV starring Andre Morell . Harvey starred in leading roles for two B-pictures for director Lewis Gilbert at Nettleford Films : Scarlet Thread ( 1951 ) and There Is Another Sun ( 1951 ) . For Ealing , he made I Believe in You ( 1952 ) , directed by Basil Dearden . According to Sight and Sound this performance gave an indication of Harveys true metier . While Basil Deardens direction focused on honest Harry Fowler , it was Harveys Jordie who supplied an authentic glimpse of pin-table thuggery , his clothes and hairstyle on the cusp between cosh-boy and ted and his manner redolent of a languorous sexuality no amount of National Service could quell . He starred in the low-budget thriller A Killer Walks ( 1952 ) . In 1951 he appeared on stage in Hassan at the Cambridge Theatre . Romulus Films . Harveys career gained a boost when he appeared in Women of Twilight ( 1952 ) ; this was made by Romulus Films run by brothers John and James Woolf , who signed Harvey to a long-term contract . James Woolf in particular was a big admirer of Harvey and played an important role in turning the actor into a star . In 1953 he played Orlando on a BBC TV version of As You Like It , opposite Margaret Leighton , whom he would later marry . Romulus put him in two ensemble films : a comedy , Innocents in Paris ( 1953 ) and a crime thriller , The Good Die Young ( 1954 ) . He had an especially strong role in the latter , which was directed by Lewis Gilbert , and featured Hollywood actors such as John Ireland , Richard Basehart and Gloria Grahame , along with Leighton . This has been called his first performance of note . Harvey received an offer to play the juvenile male lead in the Hollywood spectacular King Richard and the Crusaders ( 1954 ) , a medieval swashbuckler for Warner Bros starring Rex Harrison , Virginia Mayo and George Sanders . It was a box-office disappointment , although Harveys performance was well received . Harvey played Romeo in Renato Castellanis adaptation of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet ( 1954 ) , narrated by John Gielgud . His performance was generally not well received . According to a contemporary interview , he turned down an offer to appear in Helen of Troy ( 1955 ) to act at Stratford-upon-Avon , where he again performed in Romeo and Juliet , this time on stage . Romulus gave Harvey another excellent chance when he was cast as the writer Christopher Isherwood in I Am A Camera ( 1955 ) , with Julie Harris as Sally Bowles . He and Leighton starred in an adaptation of A Month in the Country for ITV Play of the Week ( 1955 ) . He made his Broadway debut in 1955 in the play Island of Goats , a flop that closed after one week , though his performance won him a 1956 Theatre World Award . While in the US he appeared on TV in an episode of The Alcoa Hour called The Small Servant , co starring Diane Cilento . Zoltan Korda used him as one of the soldiers in Storm Over the Nile ( 1955 ) , a remake of The Four Feathers ( 1939 ) , playing the part taken by Ralph Richardson in the 1939 version . It was popular in Britain as was the comedy Three Men in a Boat ( 1956 ) , made for Romulus under the direction of Ken Annakin . Harvey appeared in The Bet for ITV Television Playhouse ( 1956 ) then did another for Romulus , After the Ball ( 1957 ) , a biopic of Vesta Tilley , in which Harvey played Walter de Frece . He followed it with The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) , a comedy directed by Muriel Box for Beaconsfield Productions . Harvey returned to Broadway in 1957 to appear alongside Julie Harris , Pamela Brown and Colleen Dewhurst in William Wycherleys The Country Wife ( a production he had originally starred in at Londons Royal Court Theatre ) . For Romulus , Harvey starred in The Silent Enemy ( 1958 ) , with his old friend Sid James , a biopic of war hero Lionel Crabb . International stardom . Room at the Top . Harveys breakthrough to international stardom came after he was cast by director Jack Clayton as the social climber Joe Lampton in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) , produced by Romulus . For his performance , Harvey received a BAFTA Award nomination and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Simone Signoret and Heather Sears co-starred as Lamptons married lover and eventual wife respectively . It was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1959 and a hit in the U.S . Harvey went to Broadway in 1958 , as Shakespeares Henry V , as part of the Old Vic company , which featured a young Judi Dench as Katherine , the daughter of the king of France . Harvey followed it with the musical Expresso Bongo ( 1959 ) , a film best remembered for introducing Cliff Richard . He did The Violent Years for the ITV Play of the Week ( 1959 ) . While in the US he appeared in Arthur , an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Hitchcock himself . Hollywood . The success of Room at the Top led to Hollywood offers and Harvey decided to spend the next three years focusing on films . He was in John Waynes epic The Alamo ( 1960 ) , being John Waynes personal choice to play Alamo commandant William Barret Travis . He had been impressed by Harveys talent and ability to project the aristocratic demeanor Wayne believed Travis possessed . Harvey and Wayne later expressed their mutual admiration and satisfaction at having worked together . The Alamo was a hit ( although the enormous cost meant the film lost money ) . Even more successful was Harveys next Hollywood film , MGMs BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) , which won Elizabeth Taylor her first Oscar . He was named for The Eddie Chapman Story but it was not made until years later , as Triple Cross with Christopher Plummer . Back in Britain , Harvey was cast in the film version of The Long and the Short and the Tall ( 1961 ) in a role originally performed by Peter OToole during the plays West End run . He clashed with Richard Todd and Richard Harris during filming but the movie was a hit in Britain . He was announced for some films that were not made ( The Disenchanted from the novel by Budd Schulberg , No Bail for the Judge , from Alfred Hitchcock The Lion , The Long Walk ) and films made with other actors The Greengage Summer ) . In the U.S. , he supported Shirley MacLaine in MGMs Two Loves ( 1961 ) and co-starred with Geraldine Page in the film adaptation of Tennessee Williamss Summer and Smoke ( 1961 ) , directed by Peter Glenville . He signed to appear in the film of Five Finger Exercise but was not in the eventual film . His fee around this time was $300,000 a film . Harvey played the male lead in Walk on the Wild Side ( 1962 ) , produced by Charles Feldman ; he was cast alongside Barbara Stanwyck , Jane Fonda and Capucine . Fonda was not positive about the experience of working with him : There are actors and actors – and then there are the Laurence Harveys . With them , its like acting by yourself . The same year , he recorded an album of spoken excerpts from the book This Is My Beloved by Walter Benton , accompanied by original music by Herbie Mann . It was released on the Atlantic label . He narrated a TV musical , The Flood ( 1962 ) . MGM cast Harvey as Wilhelm Grimm in the MGM film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm ( 1962 ) , produced by George Pal . Harveys performance earned him a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . The fantasy movie filmed in 3-strip Cinerama was a box office disappointment . Harvey appeared as the brainwashed US Army Captain Raymond Shaw in the Cold War thriller The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) , directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Frank Sinatra and Angela Lansbury . Film critic David Shipman wrote unkindly : Harveys role required him to act like a zombie and several critics cited it as his first convincing performance . The movie was a hit and has since become critically highly regarded , and is one of Harveys better-remembered films . Harvey went to Japan to make A Girl Named Tamiko ( 1962 ) with France Nuyen for director John Sturges and producer Hal Wallis . I have suddenly found the gates of Hollywood opened to me , he said at the time . He followed this with The Running Man ( 1963 ) , directed by Carol Reed , with Lee Remick and Alan Bates . Director . Harvey made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) , in which he also starred . It was shot in Spain for United Artists . Harvey played King Arthur in the 1964 London production of the Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe musical Camelot at Drury Lane . He was the male lead in an adaptation of W . Somerset Maughams Of Human Bondage ( 1964 ) , co starring Kim Novak . Harvey had been connected to the project for several years . It was a troubled shoot , with Harvey and Novak clashing , and original director Henry Hathaway leaving during the shoot and being replaced by Ken Hughes . During filming , kidnap threats were made against both Harvey and Novak by student organisations . The Outrage ( 1964 ) was director Martin Ritts remake of Akira Kurosawas Japanese film Rashomon ( 1950 ) . Besides Harvey , the film starred Paul Newman and Claire Bloom , but was unsuccessful critically and commercially . Harvey reprised his role as Joe Lampton in Life at the Top ( 1965 ) , directed by Ted Kotcheff . This is considered one of his best later performances . Harvey had his first commercially successful film in a number of years with Darling ( 1965 ) , starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde . While Harveys role in the film is short , his involvement enabled director John Schlesinger to raise financial backing for the project . Harvey starred in a version of The Doctor and the Devils directed by Nicholas Ray from a script by Dylan Thomas but the film was not completed . Harvey co-starred with Israeli actress Daliah Lavi in the comedy The Spy with a Cold Nose ( 1966 ) , a parody of the James Bond films . Harvey did The Winters Tale ( 1967 ) and then Dial M for Murder ( 1967 ) for American TV . Charge of the Light Brigade . Harvey owned the rights to the book on which John Osbornes early script for the film The Charge of the Light Brigade ( 1968 ) was partially based , Cecil Woodham-Smiths book The Reason Why ( 1953 ) . He intended to make his own version . A lawsuit was filed against director Tony Richardsons company Woodfall Film Productions on behalf of the books author . There was a monetary settlement , and Harvey insisted on being cast in a cameo role ( being cast as Prince Radziwill ) as part of the agreement for which he was paid £60,000 . Charles Wood was brought in to re-write the script . Harveys scenes were cut from the movie at Richardsons insistence except for a brief glimpse as an anonymous member of a theatre audience which , technically , still met the requirements of the legal settlement . John Osborne asserted in his autobiography that Richardson shot the scenes with Harvey French , which is film jargon for a director going-through-the-motions because of some obligation , but with no film in the camera . Harvey completed direction of the spy thriller A Dandy in Aspic ( 1968 ) after director Anthony Mann died during production . The film co-stars Mia Farrow . This has been called his last effective cinema role.. . The critics greeted it with disdain but the plot was tailor-made for Harvey , who plays a Russian spy who has adopted an English identity so he can go undercover within British Intelligence . Harvey provided the narration for the Soviet film Tchaikovsky ( 1969 ) , directed by Igor Talankin . Later career . Harvey co-starred with Ann-Margret in Rebus ( 1969 ) then appeared in Kampf um Rom ( 1970 ) , a film set in Ancient Rome . The latter starred Orson Welles , who directed Harvey in The Deep , a thriller that was abandoned . Harvey starred in She and He ( 1969 ) which he helped produce . Harvey had a cameo role as himself in The Magic Christian ( 1969 ) , a film based on the Terry Southern novel of the same name . He gives a rendition of Hamlets soliloquy that develops unexpectedly into a campy striptease routine . He had a small role in WUSA ( 1970 ) and was guest murderer on Columbo : The Most Dangerous Match in 1973 , portraying a chess champion who kills his opponent . For British TV he appeared in a version of Arms and the Man for ITV Sunday Night Theatre ( 1971 ) . Joanna Pettet appeared with Harvey in an episode of Rod Serlings Night Gallery ( The Caterpillar , 1972 ) , in which Harveys character attempts to assassinate a romantic rival by having a burrowing insect dropped in the mans ear . Harvey starred in Escape to the Sun ( 1972 ) , directed by Menahem Golan and was reunited with Elizabeth Taylor in Night Watch ( 1973 ) . Night Watch was financed by Brut Productions who also financed Welcome to Arrow Beach ( 1974 ) which Harvey directed and starred in ; the cast also included his friend Pettet , John Ireland and Stuart Whitman . The film deals with a type of war-related post-traumatic stress disorder that turns a military veteran to cannibalism . Final plans . In August 1973,it was reported Harvey had been ill , but he assured people he was busier than ever . Just before he died , he was planning to star in and direct two films : one on Kitty Genovese , the other a Wolf Mankowitz comedy titled Cockatrice . His death put an end to any hope that Orson Welless The Deep would be completed . With Harvey and Jeanne Moreau in the leading roles , Welles worked on the film between his other projects , although the production was hampered by financial problems . Personal life . He met Hermione Baddeley , an established actress , when they were cast in the film “There is another sun” in 1950 . She became his “live-in” partner and a lucky charm for his career . She introduced him to Basil Dean and his first part on the London stage in “Hassan” , followed by a season at Stratford in 1952 with Glen Byam Shaw . Most significantly , she introduced him to James Woolf , of Romulus Films . He became his mentor , manager and lover , over the next 14 years . He made Laurence Harvey a star . Harvey left Baddeley in 1952 for actress Margaret Leighton , who was then married to publisher Max Reinhardt . Leighton and Reinhardt divorced in 1955 , and she married Harvey in 1957 off the Rock of Gibraltar . The couple divorced in 1961 . In 1968 he married Joan Perry , the widow of film mogul Harry Cohn . Her marriage to Harvey lasted until 1972 . His third marriage was to British fashion model Paulene Stone . She gave birth to their daughter Domino in 1969 while he was still married to Perry . Harvey and Stone married in 1972 and soon after , he adopted her child from her previous marriage , Sophie Norris ( now Sophie Harvey ) . The wedding took place at the home of Harold Robbins . In his account of being Frank Sinatras valet , Mr . S : My Life with Frank Sinatra ( 2003 ) , George Jacobs writes that Harvey often made passes at him while visiting Sinatra . According to Jacobs , Sinatra was aware of Harveys sexuality . In his autobiography Close Up ( 2004 ) , British actor John Fraser claimed Harvey was gay and that his long-term lover was Harveys manager James Woolf , who had cast Harvey in several of the films he produced in the 1950s . After working in two films with her , Harvey remained friends with Elizabeth Taylor for the rest of his life . She visited him three weeks before he died . Upon his death , Taylor issued the statement : He was one of the people I really loved in this world . He was part of the sun . For everyone who loved him , the sun is a bit dimmer . She and Peter Lawford held a memorial service for Harvey in California . Harvey once responded to an assertion about himself : Someone once asked me , Why is it so many people hate you ? and I said , Do they ? How super ! Im really quite pleased about it . Death . A heavy smoker and drinker , Harvey died at the age of 45 from stomach cancer in Hampstead , north London , on 25 November 1973 . His daughter Domino , who later became a bounty hunter , was only four years old at the time . She died at the age of 35 , in 2005 , after overdosing on painkillers . They are buried together in Santa Barbara Cemetery in Santa Barbara , California . Appraisal . According to his obituary in The New York Times : With his clipped speech , cool smile and a cigarette dangling impudently from his lips , Laurence Harvey established himself as the screens perfect pin-striped cad . He could project such utter boredom that willowy debutantes would shrivel in his presence . He could also exude such charm that the same young ladies would gladly lend him their hearts , which were usually returned utterly broken.. . The image Mr Harvey carefully fostered for himself off screen was not far removed from some of the roles he played . Im a flamboyant character , an extrovert who doesnt want to reveal his feelings , he once said . To bare your soul to the world , I find unutterably boring . I think part of our profession is to have a quixotic personality . According to Sight and Sound Any young actor who delighted in pink bathroom suites and liked to compare himself favourably to Olivier , Gielgud and Richardson – preferably in the same sentence – was clearly going to find it hard to fit the mould of New Elizabethan chappism promoted by Rank and ABPC.. . Harvey flaunted a cigarette holder almost as parodie as Terry Thomas and boasted that his drainpipe trousers pre-dated the teddy boys . His hairstyle always tended towards the baroque and quickly became a trademark Awards and nominations . - 1956 Theatre World Award . - 1959 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1960 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1959 Nomination Academy Award for Best Actor - 1960 Nominated Laurel Award Top Male New Personality - 1963 Nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . Acting credits . Film . Note : Where British Film Institute ( BFI ) and American Film Institute ( AFI ) differed on release year , or if the Wikipedia article title had a different release year , whichever source is the country of production is the year used . Further reading . - Hickey , Des and Smith , Gus . The Prince : The Public and Private Life of Laurence Harvey . Leslie Frewin . 1975 . - Stone , Paulene . One Tear is Enough : My Life with Laurence Harvey . 1975 . - Sinai , Anne . Reach for the Top : The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey . Scarecrow Press . 2003 . External links . - Laurence Harvey Britmovie
|
[
"Joan Perry"
] |
[
{
"text": " Laurence Harvey ( born Zvi Mosheh Skikne ; 1 October 192825 November 1973 ) was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director . He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age , before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II . In a career that spanned a quarter of a century , Harvey appeared in stage , film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States .",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "Known for his clipped , refined accent and cool , debonair screen persona ; his performance in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) resulted in an Academy Award nomination . That success was followed by the roles of William Barret Travis in The Alamo and Weston Liggett in Butterfield 8 , both films released in the autumn of 1960 . He also appeared as the brainwashed Sergeant Raymond Shaw in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) . He continued acting into the 1970s , until his sudden",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "death in 1973 of cancer .",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "Harvey was born in Joniškis , Lithuania , the youngest of three sons of Ella ( née Zotnickaita ) and Ber Skikne , Lithuanian Jewish parents . His civil birth name was Laruschka Mischa Skikne . His Hebrew name was Zvi Mosheh . When he was five years old , his family traveled with the family of Riva Segal and her two sons , Louis and Charles Segal on the to South Africa , where he was known as Harry Skikne . Harvey grew up in Johannesburg . He was only fifteen when he auditioned to join the Entertainment Unit",
"title": "South Africa"
},
{
"text": "of the South African Army during the Second World War . Sid James managed the Unit and approved his audition . They become long-time friends . As the Mystery Guest on USA TV show Whats My Line ? screened 1 May 1960 , he states he arrived in South Africa in 1934 and moved to the UK in 1946 .",
"title": "South Africa"
},
{
"text": " After moving to London , he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , but left RADA after three months . Billed as Larry Skikne , he appeared in the play Uprooted at the Comedy Theatre in 1947 . He also appeared on stage at the Library Theatre in Manchester . His performances in Manchester led to him being cast in his first film . Film debut and new name .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Harvey made his cinema debut in the British film House of Darkness ( 1948 ) , but its distributor British Lion thought someone named Larry Skikne was not commercially viable . Accounts vary as to how the actor acquired his stage name of Laurence Harvey . One version has it that it was the idea of talent agent Gordon Harbord who decided Laurence would be an appropriate first name . In choosing a British-sounding last name , Harbord thought of two British retail institutions , Harvey Nichols and Harrods . Another is that Skikne was travelling on a London bus",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "with Sid James who exclaimed during their journey : Its either Laurence Nichols or Laurence Harvey . Harveys own account differed over time .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " Associated British Picture Corporation and leading man . Associated British Picture Corporation quickly offered him a two-year contract , which Harvey accepted . He appeared in supporting roles in several of their lower-budget films such as Man on the Run ( 1949 ) , Landfall ( 1949 ) ( directed by Ken Annakin ) and The Dancing Years ( 1950 ) . For International Motion Pictures he was in The Man from Yesterday ( 1949 ) .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Mayflower Productions , which released through Associated British , gave Harvey his first lead , appearing alongside Eric Portman in the Egypt-set police film Cairo Road ( 1950 ) . It was a minor success .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " He had a small role in the Hollywood financed The Black Rose ( 1950 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles , directed by Henry Hathaway . It was Harveys first experience in a Hollywood film . He played Cassio in a version of Othello for BBC TV starring Andre Morell .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Harvey starred in leading roles for two B-pictures for director Lewis Gilbert at Nettleford Films : Scarlet Thread ( 1951 ) and There Is Another Sun ( 1951 ) . For Ealing , he made I Believe in You ( 1952 ) , directed by Basil Dearden . According to Sight and Sound this performance gave an indication of Harveys true metier . While Basil Deardens direction focused on honest Harry Fowler , it was Harveys Jordie who supplied an authentic glimpse of pin-table thuggery , his clothes and hairstyle on the cusp between cosh-boy and ted and his manner",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "redolent of a languorous sexuality no amount of National Service could quell .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " He starred in the low-budget thriller A Killer Walks ( 1952 ) . In 1951 he appeared on stage in Hassan at the Cambridge Theatre .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " Harveys career gained a boost when he appeared in Women of Twilight ( 1952 ) ; this was made by Romulus Films run by brothers John and James Woolf , who signed Harvey to a long-term contract . James Woolf in particular was a big admirer of Harvey and played an important role in turning the actor into a star . In 1953 he played Orlando on a BBC TV version of As You Like It , opposite Margaret Leighton , whom he would later marry .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Romulus put him in two ensemble films : a comedy , Innocents in Paris ( 1953 ) and a crime thriller , The Good Die Young ( 1954 ) . He had an especially strong role in the latter , which was directed by Lewis Gilbert , and featured Hollywood actors such as John Ireland , Richard Basehart and Gloria Grahame , along with Leighton . This has been called his first performance of note .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Harvey received an offer to play the juvenile male lead in the Hollywood spectacular King Richard and the Crusaders ( 1954 ) , a medieval swashbuckler for Warner Bros starring Rex Harrison , Virginia Mayo and George Sanders . It was a box-office disappointment , although Harveys performance was well received .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Harvey played Romeo in Renato Castellanis adaptation of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet ( 1954 ) , narrated by John Gielgud . His performance was generally not well received . According to a contemporary interview , he turned down an offer to appear in Helen of Troy ( 1955 ) to act at Stratford-upon-Avon , where he again performed in Romeo and Juliet , this time on stage .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Romulus gave Harvey another excellent chance when he was cast as the writer Christopher Isherwood in I Am A Camera ( 1955 ) , with Julie Harris as Sally Bowles . He and Leighton starred in an adaptation of A Month in the Country for ITV Play of the Week ( 1955 ) . He made his Broadway debut in 1955 in the play Island of Goats , a flop that closed after one week , though his performance won him a 1956 Theatre World Award . While in the US he appeared on TV in an episode of The",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Alcoa Hour called The Small Servant , co starring Diane Cilento .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Zoltan Korda used him as one of the soldiers in Storm Over the Nile ( 1955 ) , a remake of The Four Feathers ( 1939 ) , playing the part taken by Ralph Richardson in the 1939 version . It was popular in Britain as was the comedy Three Men in a Boat ( 1956 ) , made for Romulus under the direction of Ken Annakin .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Harvey appeared in The Bet for ITV Television Playhouse ( 1956 ) then did another for Romulus , After the Ball ( 1957 ) , a biopic of Vesta Tilley , in which Harvey played Walter de Frece . He followed it with The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) , a comedy directed by Muriel Box for Beaconsfield Productions .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Harvey returned to Broadway in 1957 to appear alongside Julie Harris , Pamela Brown and Colleen Dewhurst in William Wycherleys The Country Wife ( a production he had originally starred in at Londons Royal Court Theatre ) . For Romulus , Harvey starred in The Silent Enemy ( 1958 ) , with his old friend Sid James , a biopic of war hero Lionel Crabb .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Room at the Top . Harveys breakthrough to international stardom came after he was cast by director Jack Clayton as the social climber Joe Lampton in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) , produced by Romulus . For his performance , Harvey received a BAFTA Award nomination and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Simone Signoret and Heather Sears co-starred as Lamptons married lover and eventual wife respectively . It was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1959 and a hit in the U.S .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": "Harvey went to Broadway in 1958 , as Shakespeares Henry V , as part of the Old Vic company , which featured a young Judi Dench as Katherine , the daughter of the king of France .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": " Harvey followed it with the musical Expresso Bongo ( 1959 ) , a film best remembered for introducing Cliff Richard . He did The Violent Years for the ITV Play of the Week ( 1959 ) . While in the US he appeared in Arthur , an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Hitchcock himself .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": "The success of Room at the Top led to Hollywood offers and Harvey decided to spend the next three years focusing on films . He was in John Waynes epic The Alamo ( 1960 ) , being John Waynes personal choice to play Alamo commandant William Barret Travis . He had been impressed by Harveys talent and ability to project the aristocratic demeanor Wayne believed Travis possessed . Harvey and Wayne later expressed their mutual admiration and satisfaction at having worked together . The Alamo was a hit ( although the enormous cost meant the film lost money ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Even more successful was Harveys next Hollywood film , MGMs BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) , which won Elizabeth Taylor her first Oscar . He was named for The Eddie Chapman Story but it was not made until years later , as Triple Cross with Christopher Plummer .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Back in Britain , Harvey was cast in the film version of The Long and the Short and the Tall ( 1961 ) in a role originally performed by Peter OToole during the plays West End run . He clashed with Richard Todd and Richard Harris during filming but the movie was a hit in Britain . He was announced for some films that were not made ( The Disenchanted from the novel by Budd Schulberg , No Bail for the Judge , from Alfred Hitchcock The Lion , The Long Walk ) and films made with other actors The",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Greengage Summer ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " In the U.S. , he supported Shirley MacLaine in MGMs Two Loves ( 1961 ) and co-starred with Geraldine Page in the film adaptation of Tennessee Williamss Summer and Smoke ( 1961 ) , directed by Peter Glenville . He signed to appear in the film of Five Finger Exercise but was not in the eventual film . His fee around this time was $300,000 a film .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Harvey played the male lead in Walk on the Wild Side ( 1962 ) , produced by Charles Feldman ; he was cast alongside Barbara Stanwyck , Jane Fonda and Capucine . Fonda was not positive about the experience of working with him : There are actors and actors – and then there are the Laurence Harveys . With them , its like acting by yourself . The same year , he recorded an album of spoken excerpts from the book This Is My Beloved by Walter Benton , accompanied by original music by Herbie Mann . It was released",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "on the Atlantic label . He narrated a TV musical , The Flood ( 1962 ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " MGM cast Harvey as Wilhelm Grimm in the MGM film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm ( 1962 ) , produced by George Pal . Harveys performance earned him a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . The fantasy movie filmed in 3-strip Cinerama was a box office disappointment .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Harvey appeared as the brainwashed US Army Captain Raymond Shaw in the Cold War thriller The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) , directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Frank Sinatra and Angela Lansbury . Film critic David Shipman wrote unkindly : Harveys role required him to act like a zombie and several critics cited it as his first convincing performance . The movie was a hit and has since become critically highly regarded , and is one of Harveys better-remembered films .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Harvey went to Japan to make A Girl Named Tamiko ( 1962 ) with France Nuyen for director John Sturges and producer Hal Wallis . I have suddenly found the gates of Hollywood opened to me , he said at the time . He followed this with The Running Man ( 1963 ) , directed by Carol Reed , with Lee Remick and Alan Bates .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Harvey made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) , in which he also starred . It was shot in Spain for United Artists . Harvey played King Arthur in the 1964 London production of the Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe musical Camelot at Drury Lane .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "He was the male lead in an adaptation of W . Somerset Maughams Of Human Bondage ( 1964 ) , co starring Kim Novak . Harvey had been connected to the project for several years . It was a troubled shoot , with Harvey and Novak clashing , and original director Henry Hathaway leaving during the shoot and being replaced by Ken Hughes . During filming , kidnap threats were made against both Harvey and Novak by student organisations .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " The Outrage ( 1964 ) was director Martin Ritts remake of Akira Kurosawas Japanese film Rashomon ( 1950 ) . Besides Harvey , the film starred Paul Newman and Claire Bloom , but was unsuccessful critically and commercially . Harvey reprised his role as Joe Lampton in Life at the Top ( 1965 ) , directed by Ted Kotcheff . This is considered one of his best later performances .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "Harvey had his first commercially successful film in a number of years with Darling ( 1965 ) , starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde . While Harveys role in the film is short , his involvement enabled director John Schlesinger to raise financial backing for the project . Harvey starred in a version of The Doctor and the Devils directed by Nicholas Ray from a script by Dylan Thomas but the film was not completed .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey co-starred with Israeli actress Daliah Lavi in the comedy The Spy with a Cold Nose ( 1966 ) , a parody of the James Bond films . Harvey did The Winters Tale ( 1967 ) and then Dial M for Murder ( 1967 ) for American TV . Charge of the Light Brigade .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "Harvey owned the rights to the book on which John Osbornes early script for the film The Charge of the Light Brigade ( 1968 ) was partially based , Cecil Woodham-Smiths book The Reason Why ( 1953 ) . He intended to make his own version . A lawsuit was filed against director Tony Richardsons company Woodfall Film Productions on behalf of the books author . There was a monetary settlement , and Harvey insisted on being cast in a cameo role ( being cast as Prince Radziwill ) as part of the agreement for which he was paid £60,000",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": ". Charles Wood was brought in to re-write the script . Harveys scenes were cut from the movie at Richardsons insistence except for a brief glimpse as an anonymous member of a theatre audience which , technically , still met the requirements of the legal settlement . John Osborne asserted in his autobiography that Richardson shot the scenes with Harvey French , which is film jargon for a director going-through-the-motions because of some obligation , but with no film in the camera .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey completed direction of the spy thriller A Dandy in Aspic ( 1968 ) after director Anthony Mann died during production . The film co-stars Mia Farrow . This has been called his last effective cinema role.. . The critics greeted it with disdain but the plot was tailor-made for Harvey , who plays a Russian spy who has adopted an English identity so he can go undercover within British Intelligence . Harvey provided the narration for the Soviet film Tchaikovsky ( 1969 ) , directed by Igor Talankin .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey co-starred with Ann-Margret in Rebus ( 1969 ) then appeared in Kampf um Rom ( 1970 ) , a film set in Ancient Rome . The latter starred Orson Welles , who directed Harvey in The Deep , a thriller that was abandoned . Harvey starred in She and He ( 1969 ) which he helped produce .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "Harvey had a cameo role as himself in The Magic Christian ( 1969 ) , a film based on the Terry Southern novel of the same name . He gives a rendition of Hamlets soliloquy that develops unexpectedly into a campy striptease routine .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " He had a small role in WUSA ( 1970 ) and was guest murderer on Columbo : The Most Dangerous Match in 1973 , portraying a chess champion who kills his opponent . For British TV he appeared in a version of Arms and the Man for ITV Sunday Night Theatre ( 1971 ) . Joanna Pettet appeared with Harvey in an episode of Rod Serlings Night Gallery ( The Caterpillar , 1972 ) , in which Harveys character attempts to assassinate a romantic rival by having a burrowing insect dropped in the mans ear .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "Harvey starred in Escape to the Sun ( 1972 ) , directed by Menahem Golan and was reunited with Elizabeth Taylor in Night Watch ( 1973 ) . Night Watch was financed by Brut Productions who also financed Welcome to Arrow Beach ( 1974 ) which Harvey directed and starred in ; the cast also included his friend Pettet , John Ireland and Stuart Whitman . The film deals with a type of war-related post-traumatic stress disorder that turns a military veteran to cannibalism .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In August 1973,it was reported Harvey had been ill , but he assured people he was busier than ever . Just before he died , he was planning to star in and direct two films : one on Kitty Genovese , the other a Wolf Mankowitz comedy titled Cockatrice . His death put an end to any hope that Orson Welless The Deep would be completed . With Harvey and Jeanne Moreau in the leading roles , Welles worked on the film between his other projects , although the production was hampered by financial problems .",
"title": "Final plans"
},
{
"text": "He met Hermione Baddeley , an established actress , when they were cast in the film “There is another sun” in 1950 . She became his “live-in” partner and a lucky charm for his career . She introduced him to Basil Dean and his first part on the London stage in “Hassan” , followed by a season at Stratford in 1952 with Glen Byam Shaw . Most significantly , she introduced him to James Woolf , of Romulus Films . He became his mentor , manager and lover , over the next 14 years . He made Laurence Harvey a",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "star . Harvey left Baddeley in 1952 for actress Margaret Leighton , who was then married to publisher Max Reinhardt . Leighton and Reinhardt divorced in 1955 , and she married Harvey in 1957 off the Rock of Gibraltar . The couple divorced in 1961 .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " In 1968 he married Joan Perry , the widow of film mogul Harry Cohn . Her marriage to Harvey lasted until 1972 . His third marriage was to British fashion model Paulene Stone . She gave birth to their daughter Domino in 1969 while he was still married to Perry . Harvey and Stone married in 1972 and soon after , he adopted her child from her previous marriage , Sophie Norris ( now Sophie Harvey ) . The wedding took place at the home of Harold Robbins .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In his account of being Frank Sinatras valet , Mr . S : My Life with Frank Sinatra ( 2003 ) , George Jacobs writes that Harvey often made passes at him while visiting Sinatra . According to Jacobs , Sinatra was aware of Harveys sexuality . In his autobiography Close Up ( 2004 ) , British actor John Fraser claimed Harvey was gay and that his long-term lover was Harveys manager James Woolf , who had cast Harvey in several of the films he produced in the 1950s .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " After working in two films with her , Harvey remained friends with Elizabeth Taylor for the rest of his life . She visited him three weeks before he died . Upon his death , Taylor issued the statement : He was one of the people I really loved in this world . He was part of the sun . For everyone who loved him , the sun is a bit dimmer . She and Peter Lawford held a memorial service for Harvey in California .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Harvey once responded to an assertion about himself : Someone once asked me , Why is it so many people hate you ? and I said , Do they ? How super ! Im really quite pleased about it .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " A heavy smoker and drinker , Harvey died at the age of 45 from stomach cancer in Hampstead , north London , on 25 November 1973 . His daughter Domino , who later became a bounty hunter , was only four years old at the time . She died at the age of 35 , in 2005 , after overdosing on painkillers . They are buried together in Santa Barbara Cemetery in Santa Barbara , California .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": "With his clipped speech , cool smile and a cigarette dangling impudently from his lips , Laurence Harvey established himself as the screens perfect pin-striped cad . He could project such utter boredom that willowy debutantes would shrivel in his presence . He could also exude such charm that the same young ladies would gladly lend him their hearts , which were usually returned utterly broken.. . The image Mr Harvey carefully fostered for himself off screen was not far removed from some of the roles he played . Im a flamboyant character , an extrovert who doesnt want to",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": "reveal his feelings , he once said . To bare your soul to the world , I find unutterably boring . I think part of our profession is to have a quixotic personality .",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": " According to Sight and Sound Any young actor who delighted in pink bathroom suites and liked to compare himself favourably to Olivier , Gielgud and Richardson – preferably in the same sentence – was clearly going to find it hard to fit the mould of New Elizabethan chappism promoted by Rank and ABPC.. . Harvey flaunted a cigarette holder almost as parodie as Terry Thomas and boasted that his drainpipe trousers pre-dated the teddy boys . His hairstyle always tended towards the baroque and quickly became a trademark",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": " - 1956 Theatre World Award . - 1959 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1960 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1959 Nomination Academy Award for Best Actor - 1960 Nominated Laurel Award Top Male New Personality - 1963 Nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama .",
"title": "Awards and nominations"
},
{
"text": " Note : Where British Film Institute ( BFI ) and American Film Institute ( AFI ) differed on release year , or if the Wikipedia article title had a different release year , whichever source is the country of production is the year used .",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Hickey , Des and Smith , Gus . The Prince : The Public and Private Life of Laurence Harvey . Leslie Frewin . 1975 . - Stone , Paulene . One Tear is Enough : My Life with Laurence Harvey . 1975 . - Sinai , Anne . Reach for the Top : The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey . Scarecrow Press . 2003 .",
"title": "Further reading"
},
{
"text": " - Laurence Harvey Britmovie",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/Laurence_Harvey#P26#2
|
Who was Laurence Harvey 's spouse between Jan 1972 and Apr 1972?
|
Laurence Harvey Laurence Harvey ( born Zvi Mosheh Skikne ; 1 October 192825 November 1973 ) was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director . He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age , before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II . In a career that spanned a quarter of a century , Harvey appeared in stage , film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States . Known for his clipped , refined accent and cool , debonair screen persona ; his performance in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) resulted in an Academy Award nomination . That success was followed by the roles of William Barret Travis in The Alamo and Weston Liggett in Butterfield 8 , both films released in the autumn of 1960 . He also appeared as the brainwashed Sergeant Raymond Shaw in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) . He continued acting into the 1970s , until his sudden death in 1973 of cancer . Early life and career . South Africa . Harvey was born in Joniškis , Lithuania , the youngest of three sons of Ella ( née Zotnickaita ) and Ber Skikne , Lithuanian Jewish parents . His civil birth name was Laruschka Mischa Skikne . His Hebrew name was Zvi Mosheh . When he was five years old , his family traveled with the family of Riva Segal and her two sons , Louis and Charles Segal on the to South Africa , where he was known as Harry Skikne . Harvey grew up in Johannesburg . He was only fifteen when he auditioned to join the Entertainment Unit of the South African Army during the Second World War . Sid James managed the Unit and approved his audition . They become long-time friends . As the Mystery Guest on USA TV show Whats My Line ? screened 1 May 1960 , he states he arrived in South Africa in 1934 and moved to the UK in 1946 . Move to Britain . After moving to London , he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , but left RADA after three months . Billed as Larry Skikne , he appeared in the play Uprooted at the Comedy Theatre in 1947 . He also appeared on stage at the Library Theatre in Manchester . His performances in Manchester led to him being cast in his first film . Film debut and new name . Harvey made his cinema debut in the British film House of Darkness ( 1948 ) , but its distributor British Lion thought someone named Larry Skikne was not commercially viable . Accounts vary as to how the actor acquired his stage name of Laurence Harvey . One version has it that it was the idea of talent agent Gordon Harbord who decided Laurence would be an appropriate first name . In choosing a British-sounding last name , Harbord thought of two British retail institutions , Harvey Nichols and Harrods . Another is that Skikne was travelling on a London bus with Sid James who exclaimed during their journey : Its either Laurence Nichols or Laurence Harvey . Harveys own account differed over time . Associated British Picture Corporation and leading man . Associated British Picture Corporation quickly offered him a two-year contract , which Harvey accepted . He appeared in supporting roles in several of their lower-budget films such as Man on the Run ( 1949 ) , Landfall ( 1949 ) ( directed by Ken Annakin ) and The Dancing Years ( 1950 ) . For International Motion Pictures he was in The Man from Yesterday ( 1949 ) . Mayflower Productions , which released through Associated British , gave Harvey his first lead , appearing alongside Eric Portman in the Egypt-set police film Cairo Road ( 1950 ) . It was a minor success . He had a small role in the Hollywood financed The Black Rose ( 1950 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles , directed by Henry Hathaway . It was Harveys first experience in a Hollywood film . He played Cassio in a version of Othello for BBC TV starring Andre Morell . Harvey starred in leading roles for two B-pictures for director Lewis Gilbert at Nettleford Films : Scarlet Thread ( 1951 ) and There Is Another Sun ( 1951 ) . For Ealing , he made I Believe in You ( 1952 ) , directed by Basil Dearden . According to Sight and Sound this performance gave an indication of Harveys true metier . While Basil Deardens direction focused on honest Harry Fowler , it was Harveys Jordie who supplied an authentic glimpse of pin-table thuggery , his clothes and hairstyle on the cusp between cosh-boy and ted and his manner redolent of a languorous sexuality no amount of National Service could quell . He starred in the low-budget thriller A Killer Walks ( 1952 ) . In 1951 he appeared on stage in Hassan at the Cambridge Theatre . Romulus Films . Harveys career gained a boost when he appeared in Women of Twilight ( 1952 ) ; this was made by Romulus Films run by brothers John and James Woolf , who signed Harvey to a long-term contract . James Woolf in particular was a big admirer of Harvey and played an important role in turning the actor into a star . In 1953 he played Orlando on a BBC TV version of As You Like It , opposite Margaret Leighton , whom he would later marry . Romulus put him in two ensemble films : a comedy , Innocents in Paris ( 1953 ) and a crime thriller , The Good Die Young ( 1954 ) . He had an especially strong role in the latter , which was directed by Lewis Gilbert , and featured Hollywood actors such as John Ireland , Richard Basehart and Gloria Grahame , along with Leighton . This has been called his first performance of note . Harvey received an offer to play the juvenile male lead in the Hollywood spectacular King Richard and the Crusaders ( 1954 ) , a medieval swashbuckler for Warner Bros starring Rex Harrison , Virginia Mayo and George Sanders . It was a box-office disappointment , although Harveys performance was well received . Harvey played Romeo in Renato Castellanis adaptation of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet ( 1954 ) , narrated by John Gielgud . His performance was generally not well received . According to a contemporary interview , he turned down an offer to appear in Helen of Troy ( 1955 ) to act at Stratford-upon-Avon , where he again performed in Romeo and Juliet , this time on stage . Romulus gave Harvey another excellent chance when he was cast as the writer Christopher Isherwood in I Am A Camera ( 1955 ) , with Julie Harris as Sally Bowles . He and Leighton starred in an adaptation of A Month in the Country for ITV Play of the Week ( 1955 ) . He made his Broadway debut in 1955 in the play Island of Goats , a flop that closed after one week , though his performance won him a 1956 Theatre World Award . While in the US he appeared on TV in an episode of The Alcoa Hour called The Small Servant , co starring Diane Cilento . Zoltan Korda used him as one of the soldiers in Storm Over the Nile ( 1955 ) , a remake of The Four Feathers ( 1939 ) , playing the part taken by Ralph Richardson in the 1939 version . It was popular in Britain as was the comedy Three Men in a Boat ( 1956 ) , made for Romulus under the direction of Ken Annakin . Harvey appeared in The Bet for ITV Television Playhouse ( 1956 ) then did another for Romulus , After the Ball ( 1957 ) , a biopic of Vesta Tilley , in which Harvey played Walter de Frece . He followed it with The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) , a comedy directed by Muriel Box for Beaconsfield Productions . Harvey returned to Broadway in 1957 to appear alongside Julie Harris , Pamela Brown and Colleen Dewhurst in William Wycherleys The Country Wife ( a production he had originally starred in at Londons Royal Court Theatre ) . For Romulus , Harvey starred in The Silent Enemy ( 1958 ) , with his old friend Sid James , a biopic of war hero Lionel Crabb . International stardom . Room at the Top . Harveys breakthrough to international stardom came after he was cast by director Jack Clayton as the social climber Joe Lampton in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) , produced by Romulus . For his performance , Harvey received a BAFTA Award nomination and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Simone Signoret and Heather Sears co-starred as Lamptons married lover and eventual wife respectively . It was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1959 and a hit in the U.S . Harvey went to Broadway in 1958 , as Shakespeares Henry V , as part of the Old Vic company , which featured a young Judi Dench as Katherine , the daughter of the king of France . Harvey followed it with the musical Expresso Bongo ( 1959 ) , a film best remembered for introducing Cliff Richard . He did The Violent Years for the ITV Play of the Week ( 1959 ) . While in the US he appeared in Arthur , an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Hitchcock himself . Hollywood . The success of Room at the Top led to Hollywood offers and Harvey decided to spend the next three years focusing on films . He was in John Waynes epic The Alamo ( 1960 ) , being John Waynes personal choice to play Alamo commandant William Barret Travis . He had been impressed by Harveys talent and ability to project the aristocratic demeanor Wayne believed Travis possessed . Harvey and Wayne later expressed their mutual admiration and satisfaction at having worked together . The Alamo was a hit ( although the enormous cost meant the film lost money ) . Even more successful was Harveys next Hollywood film , MGMs BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) , which won Elizabeth Taylor her first Oscar . He was named for The Eddie Chapman Story but it was not made until years later , as Triple Cross with Christopher Plummer . Back in Britain , Harvey was cast in the film version of The Long and the Short and the Tall ( 1961 ) in a role originally performed by Peter OToole during the plays West End run . He clashed with Richard Todd and Richard Harris during filming but the movie was a hit in Britain . He was announced for some films that were not made ( The Disenchanted from the novel by Budd Schulberg , No Bail for the Judge , from Alfred Hitchcock The Lion , The Long Walk ) and films made with other actors The Greengage Summer ) . In the U.S. , he supported Shirley MacLaine in MGMs Two Loves ( 1961 ) and co-starred with Geraldine Page in the film adaptation of Tennessee Williamss Summer and Smoke ( 1961 ) , directed by Peter Glenville . He signed to appear in the film of Five Finger Exercise but was not in the eventual film . His fee around this time was $300,000 a film . Harvey played the male lead in Walk on the Wild Side ( 1962 ) , produced by Charles Feldman ; he was cast alongside Barbara Stanwyck , Jane Fonda and Capucine . Fonda was not positive about the experience of working with him : There are actors and actors – and then there are the Laurence Harveys . With them , its like acting by yourself . The same year , he recorded an album of spoken excerpts from the book This Is My Beloved by Walter Benton , accompanied by original music by Herbie Mann . It was released on the Atlantic label . He narrated a TV musical , The Flood ( 1962 ) . MGM cast Harvey as Wilhelm Grimm in the MGM film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm ( 1962 ) , produced by George Pal . Harveys performance earned him a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . The fantasy movie filmed in 3-strip Cinerama was a box office disappointment . Harvey appeared as the brainwashed US Army Captain Raymond Shaw in the Cold War thriller The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) , directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Frank Sinatra and Angela Lansbury . Film critic David Shipman wrote unkindly : Harveys role required him to act like a zombie and several critics cited it as his first convincing performance . The movie was a hit and has since become critically highly regarded , and is one of Harveys better-remembered films . Harvey went to Japan to make A Girl Named Tamiko ( 1962 ) with France Nuyen for director John Sturges and producer Hal Wallis . I have suddenly found the gates of Hollywood opened to me , he said at the time . He followed this with The Running Man ( 1963 ) , directed by Carol Reed , with Lee Remick and Alan Bates . Director . Harvey made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) , in which he also starred . It was shot in Spain for United Artists . Harvey played King Arthur in the 1964 London production of the Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe musical Camelot at Drury Lane . He was the male lead in an adaptation of W . Somerset Maughams Of Human Bondage ( 1964 ) , co starring Kim Novak . Harvey had been connected to the project for several years . It was a troubled shoot , with Harvey and Novak clashing , and original director Henry Hathaway leaving during the shoot and being replaced by Ken Hughes . During filming , kidnap threats were made against both Harvey and Novak by student organisations . The Outrage ( 1964 ) was director Martin Ritts remake of Akira Kurosawas Japanese film Rashomon ( 1950 ) . Besides Harvey , the film starred Paul Newman and Claire Bloom , but was unsuccessful critically and commercially . Harvey reprised his role as Joe Lampton in Life at the Top ( 1965 ) , directed by Ted Kotcheff . This is considered one of his best later performances . Harvey had his first commercially successful film in a number of years with Darling ( 1965 ) , starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde . While Harveys role in the film is short , his involvement enabled director John Schlesinger to raise financial backing for the project . Harvey starred in a version of The Doctor and the Devils directed by Nicholas Ray from a script by Dylan Thomas but the film was not completed . Harvey co-starred with Israeli actress Daliah Lavi in the comedy The Spy with a Cold Nose ( 1966 ) , a parody of the James Bond films . Harvey did The Winters Tale ( 1967 ) and then Dial M for Murder ( 1967 ) for American TV . Charge of the Light Brigade . Harvey owned the rights to the book on which John Osbornes early script for the film The Charge of the Light Brigade ( 1968 ) was partially based , Cecil Woodham-Smiths book The Reason Why ( 1953 ) . He intended to make his own version . A lawsuit was filed against director Tony Richardsons company Woodfall Film Productions on behalf of the books author . There was a monetary settlement , and Harvey insisted on being cast in a cameo role ( being cast as Prince Radziwill ) as part of the agreement for which he was paid £60,000 . Charles Wood was brought in to re-write the script . Harveys scenes were cut from the movie at Richardsons insistence except for a brief glimpse as an anonymous member of a theatre audience which , technically , still met the requirements of the legal settlement . John Osborne asserted in his autobiography that Richardson shot the scenes with Harvey French , which is film jargon for a director going-through-the-motions because of some obligation , but with no film in the camera . Harvey completed direction of the spy thriller A Dandy in Aspic ( 1968 ) after director Anthony Mann died during production . The film co-stars Mia Farrow . This has been called his last effective cinema role.. . The critics greeted it with disdain but the plot was tailor-made for Harvey , who plays a Russian spy who has adopted an English identity so he can go undercover within British Intelligence . Harvey provided the narration for the Soviet film Tchaikovsky ( 1969 ) , directed by Igor Talankin . Later career . Harvey co-starred with Ann-Margret in Rebus ( 1969 ) then appeared in Kampf um Rom ( 1970 ) , a film set in Ancient Rome . The latter starred Orson Welles , who directed Harvey in The Deep , a thriller that was abandoned . Harvey starred in She and He ( 1969 ) which he helped produce . Harvey had a cameo role as himself in The Magic Christian ( 1969 ) , a film based on the Terry Southern novel of the same name . He gives a rendition of Hamlets soliloquy that develops unexpectedly into a campy striptease routine . He had a small role in WUSA ( 1970 ) and was guest murderer on Columbo : The Most Dangerous Match in 1973 , portraying a chess champion who kills his opponent . For British TV he appeared in a version of Arms and the Man for ITV Sunday Night Theatre ( 1971 ) . Joanna Pettet appeared with Harvey in an episode of Rod Serlings Night Gallery ( The Caterpillar , 1972 ) , in which Harveys character attempts to assassinate a romantic rival by having a burrowing insect dropped in the mans ear . Harvey starred in Escape to the Sun ( 1972 ) , directed by Menahem Golan and was reunited with Elizabeth Taylor in Night Watch ( 1973 ) . Night Watch was financed by Brut Productions who also financed Welcome to Arrow Beach ( 1974 ) which Harvey directed and starred in ; the cast also included his friend Pettet , John Ireland and Stuart Whitman . The film deals with a type of war-related post-traumatic stress disorder that turns a military veteran to cannibalism . Final plans . In August 1973,it was reported Harvey had been ill , but he assured people he was busier than ever . Just before he died , he was planning to star in and direct two films : one on Kitty Genovese , the other a Wolf Mankowitz comedy titled Cockatrice . His death put an end to any hope that Orson Welless The Deep would be completed . With Harvey and Jeanne Moreau in the leading roles , Welles worked on the film between his other projects , although the production was hampered by financial problems . Personal life . He met Hermione Baddeley , an established actress , when they were cast in the film “There is another sun” in 1950 . She became his “live-in” partner and a lucky charm for his career . She introduced him to Basil Dean and his first part on the London stage in “Hassan” , followed by a season at Stratford in 1952 with Glen Byam Shaw . Most significantly , she introduced him to James Woolf , of Romulus Films . He became his mentor , manager and lover , over the next 14 years . He made Laurence Harvey a star . Harvey left Baddeley in 1952 for actress Margaret Leighton , who was then married to publisher Max Reinhardt . Leighton and Reinhardt divorced in 1955 , and she married Harvey in 1957 off the Rock of Gibraltar . The couple divorced in 1961 . In 1968 he married Joan Perry , the widow of film mogul Harry Cohn . Her marriage to Harvey lasted until 1972 . His third marriage was to British fashion model Paulene Stone . She gave birth to their daughter Domino in 1969 while he was still married to Perry . Harvey and Stone married in 1972 and soon after , he adopted her child from her previous marriage , Sophie Norris ( now Sophie Harvey ) . The wedding took place at the home of Harold Robbins . In his account of being Frank Sinatras valet , Mr . S : My Life with Frank Sinatra ( 2003 ) , George Jacobs writes that Harvey often made passes at him while visiting Sinatra . According to Jacobs , Sinatra was aware of Harveys sexuality . In his autobiography Close Up ( 2004 ) , British actor John Fraser claimed Harvey was gay and that his long-term lover was Harveys manager James Woolf , who had cast Harvey in several of the films he produced in the 1950s . After working in two films with her , Harvey remained friends with Elizabeth Taylor for the rest of his life . She visited him three weeks before he died . Upon his death , Taylor issued the statement : He was one of the people I really loved in this world . He was part of the sun . For everyone who loved him , the sun is a bit dimmer . She and Peter Lawford held a memorial service for Harvey in California . Harvey once responded to an assertion about himself : Someone once asked me , Why is it so many people hate you ? and I said , Do they ? How super ! Im really quite pleased about it . Death . A heavy smoker and drinker , Harvey died at the age of 45 from stomach cancer in Hampstead , north London , on 25 November 1973 . His daughter Domino , who later became a bounty hunter , was only four years old at the time . She died at the age of 35 , in 2005 , after overdosing on painkillers . They are buried together in Santa Barbara Cemetery in Santa Barbara , California . Appraisal . According to his obituary in The New York Times : With his clipped speech , cool smile and a cigarette dangling impudently from his lips , Laurence Harvey established himself as the screens perfect pin-striped cad . He could project such utter boredom that willowy debutantes would shrivel in his presence . He could also exude such charm that the same young ladies would gladly lend him their hearts , which were usually returned utterly broken.. . The image Mr Harvey carefully fostered for himself off screen was not far removed from some of the roles he played . Im a flamboyant character , an extrovert who doesnt want to reveal his feelings , he once said . To bare your soul to the world , I find unutterably boring . I think part of our profession is to have a quixotic personality . According to Sight and Sound Any young actor who delighted in pink bathroom suites and liked to compare himself favourably to Olivier , Gielgud and Richardson – preferably in the same sentence – was clearly going to find it hard to fit the mould of New Elizabethan chappism promoted by Rank and ABPC.. . Harvey flaunted a cigarette holder almost as parodie as Terry Thomas and boasted that his drainpipe trousers pre-dated the teddy boys . His hairstyle always tended towards the baroque and quickly became a trademark Awards and nominations . - 1956 Theatre World Award . - 1959 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1960 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1959 Nomination Academy Award for Best Actor - 1960 Nominated Laurel Award Top Male New Personality - 1963 Nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . Acting credits . Film . Note : Where British Film Institute ( BFI ) and American Film Institute ( AFI ) differed on release year , or if the Wikipedia article title had a different release year , whichever source is the country of production is the year used . Further reading . - Hickey , Des and Smith , Gus . The Prince : The Public and Private Life of Laurence Harvey . Leslie Frewin . 1975 . - Stone , Paulene . One Tear is Enough : My Life with Laurence Harvey . 1975 . - Sinai , Anne . Reach for the Top : The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey . Scarecrow Press . 2003 . External links . - Laurence Harvey Britmovie
|
[
"Paulene Stone"
] |
[
{
"text": " Laurence Harvey ( born Zvi Mosheh Skikne ; 1 October 192825 November 1973 ) was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director . He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age , before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II . In a career that spanned a quarter of a century , Harvey appeared in stage , film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States .",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "Known for his clipped , refined accent and cool , debonair screen persona ; his performance in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) resulted in an Academy Award nomination . That success was followed by the roles of William Barret Travis in The Alamo and Weston Liggett in Butterfield 8 , both films released in the autumn of 1960 . He also appeared as the brainwashed Sergeant Raymond Shaw in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) . He continued acting into the 1970s , until his sudden",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "death in 1973 of cancer .",
"title": "Laurence Harvey"
},
{
"text": "Harvey was born in Joniškis , Lithuania , the youngest of three sons of Ella ( née Zotnickaita ) and Ber Skikne , Lithuanian Jewish parents . His civil birth name was Laruschka Mischa Skikne . His Hebrew name was Zvi Mosheh . When he was five years old , his family traveled with the family of Riva Segal and her two sons , Louis and Charles Segal on the to South Africa , where he was known as Harry Skikne . Harvey grew up in Johannesburg . He was only fifteen when he auditioned to join the Entertainment Unit",
"title": "South Africa"
},
{
"text": "of the South African Army during the Second World War . Sid James managed the Unit and approved his audition . They become long-time friends . As the Mystery Guest on USA TV show Whats My Line ? screened 1 May 1960 , he states he arrived in South Africa in 1934 and moved to the UK in 1946 .",
"title": "South Africa"
},
{
"text": " After moving to London , he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , but left RADA after three months . Billed as Larry Skikne , he appeared in the play Uprooted at the Comedy Theatre in 1947 . He also appeared on stage at the Library Theatre in Manchester . His performances in Manchester led to him being cast in his first film . Film debut and new name .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Harvey made his cinema debut in the British film House of Darkness ( 1948 ) , but its distributor British Lion thought someone named Larry Skikne was not commercially viable . Accounts vary as to how the actor acquired his stage name of Laurence Harvey . One version has it that it was the idea of talent agent Gordon Harbord who decided Laurence would be an appropriate first name . In choosing a British-sounding last name , Harbord thought of two British retail institutions , Harvey Nichols and Harrods . Another is that Skikne was travelling on a London bus",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "with Sid James who exclaimed during their journey : Its either Laurence Nichols or Laurence Harvey . Harveys own account differed over time .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " Associated British Picture Corporation and leading man . Associated British Picture Corporation quickly offered him a two-year contract , which Harvey accepted . He appeared in supporting roles in several of their lower-budget films such as Man on the Run ( 1949 ) , Landfall ( 1949 ) ( directed by Ken Annakin ) and The Dancing Years ( 1950 ) . For International Motion Pictures he was in The Man from Yesterday ( 1949 ) .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Mayflower Productions , which released through Associated British , gave Harvey his first lead , appearing alongside Eric Portman in the Egypt-set police film Cairo Road ( 1950 ) . It was a minor success .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " He had a small role in the Hollywood financed The Black Rose ( 1950 ) , starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles , directed by Henry Hathaway . It was Harveys first experience in a Hollywood film . He played Cassio in a version of Othello for BBC TV starring Andre Morell .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "Harvey starred in leading roles for two B-pictures for director Lewis Gilbert at Nettleford Films : Scarlet Thread ( 1951 ) and There Is Another Sun ( 1951 ) . For Ealing , he made I Believe in You ( 1952 ) , directed by Basil Dearden . According to Sight and Sound this performance gave an indication of Harveys true metier . While Basil Deardens direction focused on honest Harry Fowler , it was Harveys Jordie who supplied an authentic glimpse of pin-table thuggery , his clothes and hairstyle on the cusp between cosh-boy and ted and his manner",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": "redolent of a languorous sexuality no amount of National Service could quell .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " He starred in the low-budget thriller A Killer Walks ( 1952 ) . In 1951 he appeared on stage in Hassan at the Cambridge Theatre .",
"title": "Move to Britain"
},
{
"text": " Harveys career gained a boost when he appeared in Women of Twilight ( 1952 ) ; this was made by Romulus Films run by brothers John and James Woolf , who signed Harvey to a long-term contract . James Woolf in particular was a big admirer of Harvey and played an important role in turning the actor into a star . In 1953 he played Orlando on a BBC TV version of As You Like It , opposite Margaret Leighton , whom he would later marry .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Romulus put him in two ensemble films : a comedy , Innocents in Paris ( 1953 ) and a crime thriller , The Good Die Young ( 1954 ) . He had an especially strong role in the latter , which was directed by Lewis Gilbert , and featured Hollywood actors such as John Ireland , Richard Basehart and Gloria Grahame , along with Leighton . This has been called his first performance of note .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Harvey received an offer to play the juvenile male lead in the Hollywood spectacular King Richard and the Crusaders ( 1954 ) , a medieval swashbuckler for Warner Bros starring Rex Harrison , Virginia Mayo and George Sanders . It was a box-office disappointment , although Harveys performance was well received .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Harvey played Romeo in Renato Castellanis adaptation of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet ( 1954 ) , narrated by John Gielgud . His performance was generally not well received . According to a contemporary interview , he turned down an offer to appear in Helen of Troy ( 1955 ) to act at Stratford-upon-Avon , where he again performed in Romeo and Juliet , this time on stage .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Romulus gave Harvey another excellent chance when he was cast as the writer Christopher Isherwood in I Am A Camera ( 1955 ) , with Julie Harris as Sally Bowles . He and Leighton starred in an adaptation of A Month in the Country for ITV Play of the Week ( 1955 ) . He made his Broadway debut in 1955 in the play Island of Goats , a flop that closed after one week , though his performance won him a 1956 Theatre World Award . While in the US he appeared on TV in an episode of The",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Alcoa Hour called The Small Servant , co starring Diane Cilento .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Zoltan Korda used him as one of the soldiers in Storm Over the Nile ( 1955 ) , a remake of The Four Feathers ( 1939 ) , playing the part taken by Ralph Richardson in the 1939 version . It was popular in Britain as was the comedy Three Men in a Boat ( 1956 ) , made for Romulus under the direction of Ken Annakin .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": "Harvey appeared in The Bet for ITV Television Playhouse ( 1956 ) then did another for Romulus , After the Ball ( 1957 ) , a biopic of Vesta Tilley , in which Harvey played Walter de Frece . He followed it with The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) , a comedy directed by Muriel Box for Beaconsfield Productions .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Harvey returned to Broadway in 1957 to appear alongside Julie Harris , Pamela Brown and Colleen Dewhurst in William Wycherleys The Country Wife ( a production he had originally starred in at Londons Royal Court Theatre ) . For Romulus , Harvey starred in The Silent Enemy ( 1958 ) , with his old friend Sid James , a biopic of war hero Lionel Crabb .",
"title": "Romulus Films"
},
{
"text": " Room at the Top . Harveys breakthrough to international stardom came after he was cast by director Jack Clayton as the social climber Joe Lampton in Room at the Top ( 1959 ) , produced by Romulus . For his performance , Harvey received a BAFTA Award nomination and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Simone Signoret and Heather Sears co-starred as Lamptons married lover and eventual wife respectively . It was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1959 and a hit in the U.S .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": "Harvey went to Broadway in 1958 , as Shakespeares Henry V , as part of the Old Vic company , which featured a young Judi Dench as Katherine , the daughter of the king of France .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": " Harvey followed it with the musical Expresso Bongo ( 1959 ) , a film best remembered for introducing Cliff Richard . He did The Violent Years for the ITV Play of the Week ( 1959 ) . While in the US he appeared in Arthur , an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents directed by Hitchcock himself .",
"title": "International stardom"
},
{
"text": "The success of Room at the Top led to Hollywood offers and Harvey decided to spend the next three years focusing on films . He was in John Waynes epic The Alamo ( 1960 ) , being John Waynes personal choice to play Alamo commandant William Barret Travis . He had been impressed by Harveys talent and ability to project the aristocratic demeanor Wayne believed Travis possessed . Harvey and Wayne later expressed their mutual admiration and satisfaction at having worked together . The Alamo was a hit ( although the enormous cost meant the film lost money ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Even more successful was Harveys next Hollywood film , MGMs BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) , which won Elizabeth Taylor her first Oscar . He was named for The Eddie Chapman Story but it was not made until years later , as Triple Cross with Christopher Plummer .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Back in Britain , Harvey was cast in the film version of The Long and the Short and the Tall ( 1961 ) in a role originally performed by Peter OToole during the plays West End run . He clashed with Richard Todd and Richard Harris during filming but the movie was a hit in Britain . He was announced for some films that were not made ( The Disenchanted from the novel by Budd Schulberg , No Bail for the Judge , from Alfred Hitchcock The Lion , The Long Walk ) and films made with other actors The",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Greengage Summer ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " In the U.S. , he supported Shirley MacLaine in MGMs Two Loves ( 1961 ) and co-starred with Geraldine Page in the film adaptation of Tennessee Williamss Summer and Smoke ( 1961 ) , directed by Peter Glenville . He signed to appear in the film of Five Finger Exercise but was not in the eventual film . His fee around this time was $300,000 a film .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Harvey played the male lead in Walk on the Wild Side ( 1962 ) , produced by Charles Feldman ; he was cast alongside Barbara Stanwyck , Jane Fonda and Capucine . Fonda was not positive about the experience of working with him : There are actors and actors – and then there are the Laurence Harveys . With them , its like acting by yourself . The same year , he recorded an album of spoken excerpts from the book This Is My Beloved by Walter Benton , accompanied by original music by Herbie Mann . It was released",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "on the Atlantic label . He narrated a TV musical , The Flood ( 1962 ) .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " MGM cast Harvey as Wilhelm Grimm in the MGM film The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm ( 1962 ) , produced by George Pal . Harveys performance earned him a nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama . The fantasy movie filmed in 3-strip Cinerama was a box office disappointment .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": "Harvey appeared as the brainwashed US Army Captain Raymond Shaw in the Cold War thriller The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) , directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Frank Sinatra and Angela Lansbury . Film critic David Shipman wrote unkindly : Harveys role required him to act like a zombie and several critics cited it as his first convincing performance . The movie was a hit and has since become critically highly regarded , and is one of Harveys better-remembered films .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Harvey went to Japan to make A Girl Named Tamiko ( 1962 ) with France Nuyen for director John Sturges and producer Hal Wallis . I have suddenly found the gates of Hollywood opened to me , he said at the time . He followed this with The Running Man ( 1963 ) , directed by Carol Reed , with Lee Remick and Alan Bates .",
"title": "Hollywood"
},
{
"text": " Harvey made his directorial debut with The Ceremony ( 1963 ) , in which he also starred . It was shot in Spain for United Artists . Harvey played King Arthur in the 1964 London production of the Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe musical Camelot at Drury Lane .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "He was the male lead in an adaptation of W . Somerset Maughams Of Human Bondage ( 1964 ) , co starring Kim Novak . Harvey had been connected to the project for several years . It was a troubled shoot , with Harvey and Novak clashing , and original director Henry Hathaway leaving during the shoot and being replaced by Ken Hughes . During filming , kidnap threats were made against both Harvey and Novak by student organisations .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " The Outrage ( 1964 ) was director Martin Ritts remake of Akira Kurosawas Japanese film Rashomon ( 1950 ) . Besides Harvey , the film starred Paul Newman and Claire Bloom , but was unsuccessful critically and commercially . Harvey reprised his role as Joe Lampton in Life at the Top ( 1965 ) , directed by Ted Kotcheff . This is considered one of his best later performances .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "Harvey had his first commercially successful film in a number of years with Darling ( 1965 ) , starring Julie Christie and Dirk Bogarde . While Harveys role in the film is short , his involvement enabled director John Schlesinger to raise financial backing for the project . Harvey starred in a version of The Doctor and the Devils directed by Nicholas Ray from a script by Dylan Thomas but the film was not completed .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey co-starred with Israeli actress Daliah Lavi in the comedy The Spy with a Cold Nose ( 1966 ) , a parody of the James Bond films . Harvey did The Winters Tale ( 1967 ) and then Dial M for Murder ( 1967 ) for American TV . Charge of the Light Brigade .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": "Harvey owned the rights to the book on which John Osbornes early script for the film The Charge of the Light Brigade ( 1968 ) was partially based , Cecil Woodham-Smiths book The Reason Why ( 1953 ) . He intended to make his own version . A lawsuit was filed against director Tony Richardsons company Woodfall Film Productions on behalf of the books author . There was a monetary settlement , and Harvey insisted on being cast in a cameo role ( being cast as Prince Radziwill ) as part of the agreement for which he was paid £60,000",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": ". Charles Wood was brought in to re-write the script . Harveys scenes were cut from the movie at Richardsons insistence except for a brief glimpse as an anonymous member of a theatre audience which , technically , still met the requirements of the legal settlement . John Osborne asserted in his autobiography that Richardson shot the scenes with Harvey French , which is film jargon for a director going-through-the-motions because of some obligation , but with no film in the camera .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey completed direction of the spy thriller A Dandy in Aspic ( 1968 ) after director Anthony Mann died during production . The film co-stars Mia Farrow . This has been called his last effective cinema role.. . The critics greeted it with disdain but the plot was tailor-made for Harvey , who plays a Russian spy who has adopted an English identity so he can go undercover within British Intelligence . Harvey provided the narration for the Soviet film Tchaikovsky ( 1969 ) , directed by Igor Talankin .",
"title": "Director"
},
{
"text": " Harvey co-starred with Ann-Margret in Rebus ( 1969 ) then appeared in Kampf um Rom ( 1970 ) , a film set in Ancient Rome . The latter starred Orson Welles , who directed Harvey in The Deep , a thriller that was abandoned . Harvey starred in She and He ( 1969 ) which he helped produce .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "Harvey had a cameo role as himself in The Magic Christian ( 1969 ) , a film based on the Terry Southern novel of the same name . He gives a rendition of Hamlets soliloquy that develops unexpectedly into a campy striptease routine .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " He had a small role in WUSA ( 1970 ) and was guest murderer on Columbo : The Most Dangerous Match in 1973 , portraying a chess champion who kills his opponent . For British TV he appeared in a version of Arms and the Man for ITV Sunday Night Theatre ( 1971 ) . Joanna Pettet appeared with Harvey in an episode of Rod Serlings Night Gallery ( The Caterpillar , 1972 ) , in which Harveys character attempts to assassinate a romantic rival by having a burrowing insect dropped in the mans ear .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": "Harvey starred in Escape to the Sun ( 1972 ) , directed by Menahem Golan and was reunited with Elizabeth Taylor in Night Watch ( 1973 ) . Night Watch was financed by Brut Productions who also financed Welcome to Arrow Beach ( 1974 ) which Harvey directed and starred in ; the cast also included his friend Pettet , John Ireland and Stuart Whitman . The film deals with a type of war-related post-traumatic stress disorder that turns a military veteran to cannibalism .",
"title": "Later career"
},
{
"text": " In August 1973,it was reported Harvey had been ill , but he assured people he was busier than ever . Just before he died , he was planning to star in and direct two films : one on Kitty Genovese , the other a Wolf Mankowitz comedy titled Cockatrice . His death put an end to any hope that Orson Welless The Deep would be completed . With Harvey and Jeanne Moreau in the leading roles , Welles worked on the film between his other projects , although the production was hampered by financial problems .",
"title": "Final plans"
},
{
"text": "He met Hermione Baddeley , an established actress , when they were cast in the film “There is another sun” in 1950 . She became his “live-in” partner and a lucky charm for his career . She introduced him to Basil Dean and his first part on the London stage in “Hassan” , followed by a season at Stratford in 1952 with Glen Byam Shaw . Most significantly , she introduced him to James Woolf , of Romulus Films . He became his mentor , manager and lover , over the next 14 years . He made Laurence Harvey a",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "star . Harvey left Baddeley in 1952 for actress Margaret Leighton , who was then married to publisher Max Reinhardt . Leighton and Reinhardt divorced in 1955 , and she married Harvey in 1957 off the Rock of Gibraltar . The couple divorced in 1961 .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " In 1968 he married Joan Perry , the widow of film mogul Harry Cohn . Her marriage to Harvey lasted until 1972 . His third marriage was to British fashion model Paulene Stone . She gave birth to their daughter Domino in 1969 while he was still married to Perry . Harvey and Stone married in 1972 and soon after , he adopted her child from her previous marriage , Sophie Norris ( now Sophie Harvey ) . The wedding took place at the home of Harold Robbins .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "In his account of being Frank Sinatras valet , Mr . S : My Life with Frank Sinatra ( 2003 ) , George Jacobs writes that Harvey often made passes at him while visiting Sinatra . According to Jacobs , Sinatra was aware of Harveys sexuality . In his autobiography Close Up ( 2004 ) , British actor John Fraser claimed Harvey was gay and that his long-term lover was Harveys manager James Woolf , who had cast Harvey in several of the films he produced in the 1950s .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " After working in two films with her , Harvey remained friends with Elizabeth Taylor for the rest of his life . She visited him three weeks before he died . Upon his death , Taylor issued the statement : He was one of the people I really loved in this world . He was part of the sun . For everyone who loved him , the sun is a bit dimmer . She and Peter Lawford held a memorial service for Harvey in California .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Harvey once responded to an assertion about himself : Someone once asked me , Why is it so many people hate you ? and I said , Do they ? How super ! Im really quite pleased about it .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " A heavy smoker and drinker , Harvey died at the age of 45 from stomach cancer in Hampstead , north London , on 25 November 1973 . His daughter Domino , who later became a bounty hunter , was only four years old at the time . She died at the age of 35 , in 2005 , after overdosing on painkillers . They are buried together in Santa Barbara Cemetery in Santa Barbara , California .",
"title": "Death"
},
{
"text": "With his clipped speech , cool smile and a cigarette dangling impudently from his lips , Laurence Harvey established himself as the screens perfect pin-striped cad . He could project such utter boredom that willowy debutantes would shrivel in his presence . He could also exude such charm that the same young ladies would gladly lend him their hearts , which were usually returned utterly broken.. . The image Mr Harvey carefully fostered for himself off screen was not far removed from some of the roles he played . Im a flamboyant character , an extrovert who doesnt want to",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": "reveal his feelings , he once said . To bare your soul to the world , I find unutterably boring . I think part of our profession is to have a quixotic personality .",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": " According to Sight and Sound Any young actor who delighted in pink bathroom suites and liked to compare himself favourably to Olivier , Gielgud and Richardson – preferably in the same sentence – was clearly going to find it hard to fit the mould of New Elizabethan chappism promoted by Rank and ABPC.. . Harvey flaunted a cigarette holder almost as parodie as Terry Thomas and boasted that his drainpipe trousers pre-dated the teddy boys . His hairstyle always tended towards the baroque and quickly became a trademark",
"title": "Appraisal"
},
{
"text": " - 1956 Theatre World Award . - 1959 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1960 Nomination BAFTA Award for Best British Actor - 1959 Nomination Academy Award for Best Actor - 1960 Nominated Laurel Award Top Male New Personality - 1963 Nomination for Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama .",
"title": "Awards and nominations"
},
{
"text": " Note : Where British Film Institute ( BFI ) and American Film Institute ( AFI ) differed on release year , or if the Wikipedia article title had a different release year , whichever source is the country of production is the year used .",
"title": "Film"
},
{
"text": " - Hickey , Des and Smith , Gus . The Prince : The Public and Private Life of Laurence Harvey . Leslie Frewin . 1975 . - Stone , Paulene . One Tear is Enough : My Life with Laurence Harvey . 1975 . - Sinai , Anne . Reach for the Top : The Turbulent Life of Laurence Harvey . Scarecrow Press . 2003 .",
"title": "Further reading"
},
{
"text": " - Laurence Harvey Britmovie",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/GER_Class_M15#P137#0
|
What operated GER Class M15 before Jan 1921?
|
GER Class M15 The GER Class M15 was a class of 160 steam locomotives designed by Thomas William Worsdell and built for the Great Eastern Railway between 1884 and 1909 . The original ( F4 ) class of locomotives were fitted with Joy valve gear which was notoriously difficult to set . This earned them the nickname of Gobblers thanks to their high coal consumption rates . As a result , between 1911 and 1920 , 32 of them were rebuilt by James Holden with Stephenson valve gear and higher pressure boilers . Despite this , the nickname stuck for many years after . Rebuilding . Rebuilding included the fitting of a higher pressure boiler , and also involved replacing Joy valve gear with Stephenson valve gear thus forming the M15R class . Modifications . Many were fitted with condensing gear for working in the London area . In 1949 seven F5s were fitted with vacuum-controlled regulators , converted from Westinghouse air brake to steam brake , and fitted with push-pull apparatus and trip cock gear for branch line operation . ( 67199 was never fitted with trip cock gear ) . Five of these locomotives worked trains on the line between Epping and Ongar , two ( numbers 67199 and 67218 ) were allocated to Yarmouth for working the Yarmouth-Beccles line . 67218 would later be transferred to Epping in 1955 . These seven received British Railway lined-black passenger livery ; the rest were unlined-black . Ownership . London and North Eastern Railway . One-hundred-and-eighteen M15s and all thirty-two M15rs ( including numbers 789 and 790 , the two locomotives that were rebuilt with GER Class G69 cabs ) , passed into London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) ownership at the 1923 grouping . The number 7000 was added to the ex-GER fleet . They received the following classifications : - Unrebuilt ( M15 ) locomotives : F4 . - Rebuilt ( M15R ) locomotives : F5 . - Numbers 7789 and 7790 were incorrectly classified F6 . British Railways reclassified both of them F5 on 22 December 1948 . On 1 January 1923 the majority of the class were allocated to Stratford Engine Shed and were employed on suburban traffic in East London on the lines out of Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street . The table below shows where they were allocated and includes the two examples erroneously allocated as F6 by the LNER:- During World War 2 in 1940 a number of the class were taken out of service and had armoured plating added . They were then deployed on armoured trains , not only in their native East Anglia ( Westerfield , Mistley and Tilbury ) , but in Kent , Lincolnshire and as far north as Aberdeen . They were also found at Ministry of Defence depots in the west of the country ( Bicester , Long Marston and Wooton Dassett . By 1943 they were being returned to the LNER and were later fitted with brass plaques commemorating their role . These read - LNER - during the war of 1939-1945 this locomotive was armoured and hauled defence trains on coast lines . British Railways . Thirty-seven F4s and all of the F5s , including 7218 and 7219 ( ex-7789 and 7790 ) , passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Their BR numbers were : - Class F4 : 67151-67187 . ( Fifteen of these F4s were allocated BR numbers but never carried them ) . - Class F5 : 67188-67219 Withdrawal . Ten of the original series of forty engines constructed between 1884-87 were withdrawn in Great Eastern days , between September 1913 and December 1922 . F4 withdrawals continued until 1937 , and then again from 1943 to June 1956 when the last one , number 67157 , was withdrawn from Kittybrewster . The F5 class remained intact until 1955 but withdrawal then proceeded rapidly , and they finally became extinct in May 1958 . Preservation . None of the F4s or F5s survived into preservation . However , a project to build a working replica of F5 number 789 was launched in the early 2000s . The project is based at Tyseley for erection and construction work . The completed locomotive ( originally set to appear as 67218 in BR Black ) is to be outshopped as No.789 in Great Eastern Railway blue livery .
|
[
"Great Eastern Railway"
] |
[
{
"text": "The GER Class M15 was a class of 160 steam locomotives designed by Thomas William Worsdell and built for the Great Eastern Railway between 1884 and 1909 . The original ( F4 ) class of locomotives were fitted with Joy valve gear which was notoriously difficult to set . This earned them the nickname of Gobblers thanks to their high coal consumption rates . As a result , between 1911 and 1920 , 32 of them were rebuilt by James Holden with Stephenson valve gear and higher pressure boilers . Despite this , the nickname stuck for many years after",
"title": "GER Class M15"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "GER Class M15"
},
{
"text": " Rebuilding included the fitting of a higher pressure boiler , and also involved replacing Joy valve gear with Stephenson valve gear thus forming the M15R class .",
"title": "Rebuilding"
},
{
"text": "Many were fitted with condensing gear for working in the London area . In 1949 seven F5s were fitted with vacuum-controlled regulators , converted from Westinghouse air brake to steam brake , and fitted with push-pull apparatus and trip cock gear for branch line operation . ( 67199 was never fitted with trip cock gear ) . Five of these locomotives worked trains on the line between Epping and Ongar , two ( numbers 67199 and 67218 ) were allocated to Yarmouth for working the Yarmouth-Beccles line . 67218 would later be transferred to Epping in 1955 . These seven",
"title": "Modifications"
},
{
"text": "received British Railway lined-black passenger livery ; the rest were unlined-black .",
"title": "Modifications"
},
{
"text": " London and North Eastern Railway . One-hundred-and-eighteen M15s and all thirty-two M15rs ( including numbers 789 and 790 , the two locomotives that were rebuilt with GER Class G69 cabs ) , passed into London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) ownership at the 1923 grouping . The number 7000 was added to the ex-GER fleet . They received the following classifications : - Unrebuilt ( M15 ) locomotives : F4 . - Rebuilt ( M15R ) locomotives : F5 .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": "- Numbers 7789 and 7790 were incorrectly classified F6 . British Railways reclassified both of them F5 on 22 December 1948 .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": " On 1 January 1923 the majority of the class were allocated to Stratford Engine Shed and were employed on suburban traffic in East London on the lines out of Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street . The table below shows where they were allocated and includes the two examples erroneously allocated as F6 by the LNER:-",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": "During World War 2 in 1940 a number of the class were taken out of service and had armoured plating added . They were then deployed on armoured trains , not only in their native East Anglia ( Westerfield , Mistley and Tilbury ) , but in Kent , Lincolnshire and as far north as Aberdeen . They were also found at Ministry of Defence depots in the west of the country ( Bicester , Long Marston and Wooton Dassett . By 1943 they were being returned to the LNER and were later fitted with brass plaques commemorating their role",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": ". These read - LNER - during the war of 1939-1945 this locomotive was armoured and hauled defence trains on coast lines .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": " Thirty-seven F4s and all of the F5s , including 7218 and 7219 ( ex-7789 and 7790 ) , passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Their BR numbers were : - Class F4 : 67151-67187 . ( Fifteen of these F4s were allocated BR numbers but never carried them ) . - Class F5 : 67188-67219",
"title": "British Railways"
},
{
"text": " Ten of the original series of forty engines constructed between 1884-87 were withdrawn in Great Eastern days , between September 1913 and December 1922 . F4 withdrawals continued until 1937 , and then again from 1943 to June 1956 when the last one , number 67157 , was withdrawn from Kittybrewster . The F5 class remained intact until 1955 but withdrawal then proceeded rapidly , and they finally became extinct in May 1958 .",
"title": "Withdrawal"
},
{
"text": " None of the F4s or F5s survived into preservation . However , a project to build a working replica of F5 number 789 was launched in the early 2000s . The project is based at Tyseley for erection and construction work . The completed locomotive ( originally set to appear as 67218 in BR Black ) is to be outshopped as No.789 in Great Eastern Railway blue livery .",
"title": "Preservation"
}
] |
/wiki/GER_Class_M15#P137#1
|
What operated GER Class M15 in late 1920s?
|
GER Class M15 The GER Class M15 was a class of 160 steam locomotives designed by Thomas William Worsdell and built for the Great Eastern Railway between 1884 and 1909 . The original ( F4 ) class of locomotives were fitted with Joy valve gear which was notoriously difficult to set . This earned them the nickname of Gobblers thanks to their high coal consumption rates . As a result , between 1911 and 1920 , 32 of them were rebuilt by James Holden with Stephenson valve gear and higher pressure boilers . Despite this , the nickname stuck for many years after . Rebuilding . Rebuilding included the fitting of a higher pressure boiler , and also involved replacing Joy valve gear with Stephenson valve gear thus forming the M15R class . Modifications . Many were fitted with condensing gear for working in the London area . In 1949 seven F5s were fitted with vacuum-controlled regulators , converted from Westinghouse air brake to steam brake , and fitted with push-pull apparatus and trip cock gear for branch line operation . ( 67199 was never fitted with trip cock gear ) . Five of these locomotives worked trains on the line between Epping and Ongar , two ( numbers 67199 and 67218 ) were allocated to Yarmouth for working the Yarmouth-Beccles line . 67218 would later be transferred to Epping in 1955 . These seven received British Railway lined-black passenger livery ; the rest were unlined-black . Ownership . London and North Eastern Railway . One-hundred-and-eighteen M15s and all thirty-two M15rs ( including numbers 789 and 790 , the two locomotives that were rebuilt with GER Class G69 cabs ) , passed into London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) ownership at the 1923 grouping . The number 7000 was added to the ex-GER fleet . They received the following classifications : - Unrebuilt ( M15 ) locomotives : F4 . - Rebuilt ( M15R ) locomotives : F5 . - Numbers 7789 and 7790 were incorrectly classified F6 . British Railways reclassified both of them F5 on 22 December 1948 . On 1 January 1923 the majority of the class were allocated to Stratford Engine Shed and were employed on suburban traffic in East London on the lines out of Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street . The table below shows where they were allocated and includes the two examples erroneously allocated as F6 by the LNER:- During World War 2 in 1940 a number of the class were taken out of service and had armoured plating added . They were then deployed on armoured trains , not only in their native East Anglia ( Westerfield , Mistley and Tilbury ) , but in Kent , Lincolnshire and as far north as Aberdeen . They were also found at Ministry of Defence depots in the west of the country ( Bicester , Long Marston and Wooton Dassett . By 1943 they were being returned to the LNER and were later fitted with brass plaques commemorating their role . These read - LNER - during the war of 1939-1945 this locomotive was armoured and hauled defence trains on coast lines . British Railways . Thirty-seven F4s and all of the F5s , including 7218 and 7219 ( ex-7789 and 7790 ) , passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Their BR numbers were : - Class F4 : 67151-67187 . ( Fifteen of these F4s were allocated BR numbers but never carried them ) . - Class F5 : 67188-67219 Withdrawal . Ten of the original series of forty engines constructed between 1884-87 were withdrawn in Great Eastern days , between September 1913 and December 1922 . F4 withdrawals continued until 1937 , and then again from 1943 to June 1956 when the last one , number 67157 , was withdrawn from Kittybrewster . The F5 class remained intact until 1955 but withdrawal then proceeded rapidly , and they finally became extinct in May 1958 . Preservation . None of the F4s or F5s survived into preservation . However , a project to build a working replica of F5 number 789 was launched in the early 2000s . The project is based at Tyseley for erection and construction work . The completed locomotive ( originally set to appear as 67218 in BR Black ) is to be outshopped as No.789 in Great Eastern Railway blue livery .
|
[
"London and North Eastern Railway"
] |
[
{
"text": "The GER Class M15 was a class of 160 steam locomotives designed by Thomas William Worsdell and built for the Great Eastern Railway between 1884 and 1909 . The original ( F4 ) class of locomotives were fitted with Joy valve gear which was notoriously difficult to set . This earned them the nickname of Gobblers thanks to their high coal consumption rates . As a result , between 1911 and 1920 , 32 of them were rebuilt by James Holden with Stephenson valve gear and higher pressure boilers . Despite this , the nickname stuck for many years after",
"title": "GER Class M15"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "GER Class M15"
},
{
"text": " Rebuilding included the fitting of a higher pressure boiler , and also involved replacing Joy valve gear with Stephenson valve gear thus forming the M15R class .",
"title": "Rebuilding"
},
{
"text": "Many were fitted with condensing gear for working in the London area . In 1949 seven F5s were fitted with vacuum-controlled regulators , converted from Westinghouse air brake to steam brake , and fitted with push-pull apparatus and trip cock gear for branch line operation . ( 67199 was never fitted with trip cock gear ) . Five of these locomotives worked trains on the line between Epping and Ongar , two ( numbers 67199 and 67218 ) were allocated to Yarmouth for working the Yarmouth-Beccles line . 67218 would later be transferred to Epping in 1955 . These seven",
"title": "Modifications"
},
{
"text": "received British Railway lined-black passenger livery ; the rest were unlined-black .",
"title": "Modifications"
},
{
"text": " London and North Eastern Railway . One-hundred-and-eighteen M15s and all thirty-two M15rs ( including numbers 789 and 790 , the two locomotives that were rebuilt with GER Class G69 cabs ) , passed into London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) ownership at the 1923 grouping . The number 7000 was added to the ex-GER fleet . They received the following classifications : - Unrebuilt ( M15 ) locomotives : F4 . - Rebuilt ( M15R ) locomotives : F5 .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": "- Numbers 7789 and 7790 were incorrectly classified F6 . British Railways reclassified both of them F5 on 22 December 1948 .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": " On 1 January 1923 the majority of the class were allocated to Stratford Engine Shed and were employed on suburban traffic in East London on the lines out of Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street . The table below shows where they were allocated and includes the two examples erroneously allocated as F6 by the LNER:-",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": "During World War 2 in 1940 a number of the class were taken out of service and had armoured plating added . They were then deployed on armoured trains , not only in their native East Anglia ( Westerfield , Mistley and Tilbury ) , but in Kent , Lincolnshire and as far north as Aberdeen . They were also found at Ministry of Defence depots in the west of the country ( Bicester , Long Marston and Wooton Dassett . By 1943 they were being returned to the LNER and were later fitted with brass plaques commemorating their role",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": ". These read - LNER - during the war of 1939-1945 this locomotive was armoured and hauled defence trains on coast lines .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": " Thirty-seven F4s and all of the F5s , including 7218 and 7219 ( ex-7789 and 7790 ) , passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Their BR numbers were : - Class F4 : 67151-67187 . ( Fifteen of these F4s were allocated BR numbers but never carried them ) . - Class F5 : 67188-67219",
"title": "British Railways"
},
{
"text": " Ten of the original series of forty engines constructed between 1884-87 were withdrawn in Great Eastern days , between September 1913 and December 1922 . F4 withdrawals continued until 1937 , and then again from 1943 to June 1956 when the last one , number 67157 , was withdrawn from Kittybrewster . The F5 class remained intact until 1955 but withdrawal then proceeded rapidly , and they finally became extinct in May 1958 .",
"title": "Withdrawal"
},
{
"text": " None of the F4s or F5s survived into preservation . However , a project to build a working replica of F5 number 789 was launched in the early 2000s . The project is based at Tyseley for erection and construction work . The completed locomotive ( originally set to appear as 67218 in BR Black ) is to be outshopped as No.789 in Great Eastern Railway blue livery .",
"title": "Preservation"
}
] |
/wiki/GER_Class_M15#P137#2
|
What operated GER Class M15 between Nov 1948 and Nov 1953?
|
GER Class M15 The GER Class M15 was a class of 160 steam locomotives designed by Thomas William Worsdell and built for the Great Eastern Railway between 1884 and 1909 . The original ( F4 ) class of locomotives were fitted with Joy valve gear which was notoriously difficult to set . This earned them the nickname of Gobblers thanks to their high coal consumption rates . As a result , between 1911 and 1920 , 32 of them were rebuilt by James Holden with Stephenson valve gear and higher pressure boilers . Despite this , the nickname stuck for many years after . Rebuilding . Rebuilding included the fitting of a higher pressure boiler , and also involved replacing Joy valve gear with Stephenson valve gear thus forming the M15R class . Modifications . Many were fitted with condensing gear for working in the London area . In 1949 seven F5s were fitted with vacuum-controlled regulators , converted from Westinghouse air brake to steam brake , and fitted with push-pull apparatus and trip cock gear for branch line operation . ( 67199 was never fitted with trip cock gear ) . Five of these locomotives worked trains on the line between Epping and Ongar , two ( numbers 67199 and 67218 ) were allocated to Yarmouth for working the Yarmouth-Beccles line . 67218 would later be transferred to Epping in 1955 . These seven received British Railway lined-black passenger livery ; the rest were unlined-black . Ownership . London and North Eastern Railway . One-hundred-and-eighteen M15s and all thirty-two M15rs ( including numbers 789 and 790 , the two locomotives that were rebuilt with GER Class G69 cabs ) , passed into London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) ownership at the 1923 grouping . The number 7000 was added to the ex-GER fleet . They received the following classifications : - Unrebuilt ( M15 ) locomotives : F4 . - Rebuilt ( M15R ) locomotives : F5 . - Numbers 7789 and 7790 were incorrectly classified F6 . British Railways reclassified both of them F5 on 22 December 1948 . On 1 January 1923 the majority of the class were allocated to Stratford Engine Shed and were employed on suburban traffic in East London on the lines out of Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street . The table below shows where they were allocated and includes the two examples erroneously allocated as F6 by the LNER:- During World War 2 in 1940 a number of the class were taken out of service and had armoured plating added . They were then deployed on armoured trains , not only in their native East Anglia ( Westerfield , Mistley and Tilbury ) , but in Kent , Lincolnshire and as far north as Aberdeen . They were also found at Ministry of Defence depots in the west of the country ( Bicester , Long Marston and Wooton Dassett . By 1943 they were being returned to the LNER and were later fitted with brass plaques commemorating their role . These read - LNER - during the war of 1939-1945 this locomotive was armoured and hauled defence trains on coast lines . British Railways . Thirty-seven F4s and all of the F5s , including 7218 and 7219 ( ex-7789 and 7790 ) , passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Their BR numbers were : - Class F4 : 67151-67187 . ( Fifteen of these F4s were allocated BR numbers but never carried them ) . - Class F5 : 67188-67219 Withdrawal . Ten of the original series of forty engines constructed between 1884-87 were withdrawn in Great Eastern days , between September 1913 and December 1922 . F4 withdrawals continued until 1937 , and then again from 1943 to June 1956 when the last one , number 67157 , was withdrawn from Kittybrewster . The F5 class remained intact until 1955 but withdrawal then proceeded rapidly , and they finally became extinct in May 1958 . Preservation . None of the F4s or F5s survived into preservation . However , a project to build a working replica of F5 number 789 was launched in the early 2000s . The project is based at Tyseley for erection and construction work . The completed locomotive ( originally set to appear as 67218 in BR Black ) is to be outshopped as No.789 in Great Eastern Railway blue livery .
|
[
"British Railways"
] |
[
{
"text": "The GER Class M15 was a class of 160 steam locomotives designed by Thomas William Worsdell and built for the Great Eastern Railway between 1884 and 1909 . The original ( F4 ) class of locomotives were fitted with Joy valve gear which was notoriously difficult to set . This earned them the nickname of Gobblers thanks to their high coal consumption rates . As a result , between 1911 and 1920 , 32 of them were rebuilt by James Holden with Stephenson valve gear and higher pressure boilers . Despite this , the nickname stuck for many years after",
"title": "GER Class M15"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "GER Class M15"
},
{
"text": " Rebuilding included the fitting of a higher pressure boiler , and also involved replacing Joy valve gear with Stephenson valve gear thus forming the M15R class .",
"title": "Rebuilding"
},
{
"text": "Many were fitted with condensing gear for working in the London area . In 1949 seven F5s were fitted with vacuum-controlled regulators , converted from Westinghouse air brake to steam brake , and fitted with push-pull apparatus and trip cock gear for branch line operation . ( 67199 was never fitted with trip cock gear ) . Five of these locomotives worked trains on the line between Epping and Ongar , two ( numbers 67199 and 67218 ) were allocated to Yarmouth for working the Yarmouth-Beccles line . 67218 would later be transferred to Epping in 1955 . These seven",
"title": "Modifications"
},
{
"text": "received British Railway lined-black passenger livery ; the rest were unlined-black .",
"title": "Modifications"
},
{
"text": " London and North Eastern Railway . One-hundred-and-eighteen M15s and all thirty-two M15rs ( including numbers 789 and 790 , the two locomotives that were rebuilt with GER Class G69 cabs ) , passed into London and North Eastern Railway ( LNER ) ownership at the 1923 grouping . The number 7000 was added to the ex-GER fleet . They received the following classifications : - Unrebuilt ( M15 ) locomotives : F4 . - Rebuilt ( M15R ) locomotives : F5 .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": "- Numbers 7789 and 7790 were incorrectly classified F6 . British Railways reclassified both of them F5 on 22 December 1948 .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": " On 1 January 1923 the majority of the class were allocated to Stratford Engine Shed and were employed on suburban traffic in East London on the lines out of Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street . The table below shows where they were allocated and includes the two examples erroneously allocated as F6 by the LNER:-",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": "During World War 2 in 1940 a number of the class were taken out of service and had armoured plating added . They were then deployed on armoured trains , not only in their native East Anglia ( Westerfield , Mistley and Tilbury ) , but in Kent , Lincolnshire and as far north as Aberdeen . They were also found at Ministry of Defence depots in the west of the country ( Bicester , Long Marston and Wooton Dassett . By 1943 they were being returned to the LNER and were later fitted with brass plaques commemorating their role",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": ". These read - LNER - during the war of 1939-1945 this locomotive was armoured and hauled defence trains on coast lines .",
"title": "Ownership"
},
{
"text": " Thirty-seven F4s and all of the F5s , including 7218 and 7219 ( ex-7789 and 7790 ) , passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Their BR numbers were : - Class F4 : 67151-67187 . ( Fifteen of these F4s were allocated BR numbers but never carried them ) . - Class F5 : 67188-67219",
"title": "British Railways"
},
{
"text": " Ten of the original series of forty engines constructed between 1884-87 were withdrawn in Great Eastern days , between September 1913 and December 1922 . F4 withdrawals continued until 1937 , and then again from 1943 to June 1956 when the last one , number 67157 , was withdrawn from Kittybrewster . The F5 class remained intact until 1955 but withdrawal then proceeded rapidly , and they finally became extinct in May 1958 .",
"title": "Withdrawal"
},
{
"text": " None of the F4s or F5s survived into preservation . However , a project to build a working replica of F5 number 789 was launched in the early 2000s . The project is based at Tyseley for erection and construction work . The completed locomotive ( originally set to appear as 67218 in BR Black ) is to be outshopped as No.789 in Great Eastern Railway blue livery .",
"title": "Preservation"
}
] |
/wiki/Samuel_G._Armistead#P108#0
|
Samuel G. Armistead was an employee for whom between Nov 1953 and Jan 1954?
|
Samuel G . Armistead Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century . Biography . Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers . He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture . Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro . By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 . In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil . Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature . Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus . Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery . Career . His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino . Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature . His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales . Personal life . Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor . Works . His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977 - El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 ) - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981 - En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 . - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 . - La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999 Honors and awards . - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 ) - Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) . - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .
|
[
"Princeton"
] |
[
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century .",
"title": "Samuel G . Armistead"
},
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 )",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 )",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": "- Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": " - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
}
] |
/wiki/Samuel_G._Armistead#P108#1
|
Samuel G. Armistead was an employee for whom in early 1960s?
|
Samuel G . Armistead Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century . Biography . Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers . He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture . Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro . By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 . In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil . Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature . Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus . Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery . Career . His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino . Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature . His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales . Personal life . Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor . Works . His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977 - El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 ) - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981 - En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 . - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 . - La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999 Honors and awards . - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 ) - Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) . - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .
|
[
"University of California , Los Angeles"
] |
[
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century .",
"title": "Samuel G . Armistead"
},
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 )",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 )",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": "- Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": " - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
}
] |
/wiki/Samuel_G._Armistead#P108#2
|
Samuel G. Armistead was an employee for whom in Jul 1967?
|
Samuel G . Armistead Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century . Biography . Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers . He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture . Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro . By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 . In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil . Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature . Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus . Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery . Career . His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino . Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature . His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales . Personal life . Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor . Works . His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977 - El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 ) - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981 - En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 . - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 . - La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999 Honors and awards . - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 ) - Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) . - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .
|
[
"Purdue"
] |
[
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century .",
"title": "Samuel G . Armistead"
},
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 )",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 )",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": "- Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": " - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
}
] |
/wiki/Samuel_G._Armistead#P108#3
|
Samuel G. Armistead was an employee for whom between Oct 1971 and Sep 1976?
|
Samuel G . Armistead Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century . Biography . Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers . He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture . Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro . By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 . In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil . Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature . Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus . Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery . Career . His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino . Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature . His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales . Personal life . Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor . Works . His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977 - El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 ) - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981 - En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 . - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 . - La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999 Honors and awards . - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 ) - Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) . - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .
|
[
"University of Pennsylvania"
] |
[
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century .",
"title": "Samuel G . Armistead"
},
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 )",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 )",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": "- Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": " - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
}
] |
/wiki/Samuel_G._Armistead#P108#4
|
Samuel G. Armistead was an employee for whom between Oct 2001 and Mar 2012?
|
Samuel G . Armistead Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century . Biography . Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers . He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture . Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro . By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 . In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil . Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature . Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus . Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery . Career . His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino . Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature . His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales . Personal life . Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor . Works . His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977 - El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 ) - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981 - En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 . - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 . - La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999 Honors and awards . - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 ) - Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) . - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .
|
[
"UC Davis"
] |
[
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead ( August 21 , 1927 – August 7 , 2013 ) was an American ethnographer , linguist , folklorist , historian , literary critic and professor of Spanish . He is considered one of the most notable Hispanist scholars of the second half of the 20th and early 21st century .",
"title": "Samuel G . Armistead"
},
{
"text": " Samuel Gordon Armistead was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and was raised in Chestnut Hill , Philadelphia . His mother , Elizabeth Tucker Russell Armistead , was a historian and student of foreign languages ; and he had , at least , one brother , Harry Armistead . He came from a family of lawyers and bankers . As a teenager , Armistead suffered an accident with explosives that caused the loss of an eye and some fingers .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "He graduated from Penn Charter School in 1945 . Afterwards he spent six months in the U.S . Merchant Marine and traveled to France and the Caribbean . Guided by his desire to learn Spanish ( the language having attracted him since his adolescence ) , he lived in Cuba , where he had relatives and friends , for several seasons , studying and perfecting his Spanish . His stay in Cuba also whetted his appetite for Hispanic literature and culture .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in the fall of 1945 he studied Spanish literature at Princeton University , receiving his doctorate in Spanish literature and Romance languages in 1955 with a thesis entitled La gesta de las mocedades de Rodrigo : Reflections of a Lost Epic Poem in the Cronica de los Reyes de Castilla and the Cronica General de 1344 , written under the direction of Américo Castro .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "By this time he had begun his teaching career at Princeton ( 1953–1955 ) . Ultimately he became a professor at the University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) ( 1956 - 1967 ) , Purdue University in Indiana , ( 1967 - 1968 ) , the University of Pennsylvania ( 1968 - 1982 ) , and the University of California , Davis , where he taught from 1982 until his death in 2013 .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "In 1957 , Armistead initiated a collaborative project to collect , edit and study the massive body of Hispanic oral literature from a comparative literature perspective . He worked closely with another eminent Hispanist scholar , Joseph H . Silverman ( 1924–1989 ) , and the musicologist Israel J . Katz ( born 1930 ) , with both of whom he developed an extensive body of work that focused primarily on the oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco and the East . He also worked closely with Hispanist Manuel da Costa Fontes on studies focusing especially on the",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "oral traditions of Portugal and Brazil .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Beginning in 1975 , Sam Armistead conducted a field study on the Hispanic linguistics of Spanish colonial communities in Louisiana , communities that have existed in that state since the 18th century and still do . The book he published from that study is The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana ( 1992 ) . More recently he was engaged in researching additional aspects of Louisiana Spanish and its oral literature .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": "Between 2000 and 2002 he was co-chair of the Departments of Spanish and Classics at the University of California , Davis . In 2003 he published a six-volume collection of Portuguese traditional romances from the Azores Islands , and he was at work on subsequent volumes . at the time of his death . He retired in 2010 from UC Davis , as professor emeritus .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " Armistead died on August 7 , 2013 , at 85 years old , in Davis , California , due to complications from surgery .",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"text": " His studies were especially focused on medieval Spanish language and literature , Hispanic folk literature , comparative literature and folklore . He studied ballads of Spain and North Africa . He excelled also in his studies of minority and archaic ( but still existing ) languages , such as the Spanish language of the Isleño communities in Louisiana and , especially , the Sephardic Jews language , Ladino .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": "Armistead was author of a multi-volume series concerning the traditional literature of the Sephardic Jews and is author , co-author , editor , or co-editor of over twenty books and several hundred articles on medieval Spanish literature , modern Hispanic oral literature , and comparative literature .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " His research fields that have had special impact include early poetry , medieval history , Hispanic dialectology , the Spanish epic and Romance , old and traditional . He conducted numerous field surveys on the language and oral literature of the Sephardic communities of Morocco , the Middle East , rural communities in Portugal , Spain and Israel , and several sites in the United States . In addition , he performed pioneering studies on various genres of Hispanic oral tradition , such as the kharjas , riddles , the paremeología and folktales .",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"text": " Armistead spent his last years in Northern California . He was married for some time with Maria del Pilar Valcarcel-Calderon . After his divorce , he married Annie Laurie Meltzoff , a yoga instructor .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " His books , written either in English or in Spanish , are : - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1971 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews , Vol . I : The Judeo-Spanish Ballad Chapbooks of Yacob Abraham Yona ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , May 1 , 1972 - Romances judeo-españoles de Tánger ( Judeo-Spanish Romances of Tangier , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1977",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- El romancero judeo-español en el Archivo Menéndez Pidal ( The Judeo-Spanish ballads in the Archive Menéndez Pidal , with several authors ) ( 1978 )",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Tres calas en el romancero ( Three bays in the ballads , with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1979 - Hispania Judaica : Studies on the history , language , and literature of the Jews in the Hispanic world ( with Joseph H . Silverman and Josep M . Sola-Solé ) , 1980 - Judeo-Spanish Ballads from New York ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1981 - Seis romancerillos de cordel sefardíes ( Six ballads of Sephardic string , with Silverman and Iacob M . Hassán ) , 1981",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- En torno al romancero sefardí : hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española ( Around the Sephardic ballads : Hispanism and Balkanism of the Judeo-Spanish ( with Joseph H . Silverman ) , 1982 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Musica Y Poesia Popular De España Y Portugal ( Music and Popular Poetry of Spain and Portugal , reedition of book written by Kurt Schindler in 1941 ) , 1991 - Bibliografías del romancero oral 1 ( Bibliographies of oral ballads 1 ) , 1992 - The Spanish Tradition in Louisiana : I , Isleño Folkliterature ( with musical transcriptions by Israel J . Katz ) , 1992 - Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews ( three volumes , with Joseph H . Silverman and Israel J . Katz ) , 1972 - 1994 .",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": "- La tradición épica de las Mocedades de Rodrigo ( The epic tradition of Rodrigo Mocedades ) , 1999",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"text": " - Medieval Academy of America ( Fellow , 1973 ) - Doctor of Humane Letters ( Georgetown University , 1990 ) - American Folklore Society ( Fellow , 1991 ) - National Jewish Book Award in the Jewish Folklore and Anthropology category for Folk Literature of the Sephardic Jews with Joseph H . Silverman ( 1994 ) - Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española ( corresponding member , 1998 ) - U.C . Davis Faculty Research Lecturer ( 1998–1999 )",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": "- Premio Internacional ( International Award ) Elio Antonio de Nebrija , received in the University of Salamanca ( 1999 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
},
{
"text": " - Distinguished Lecturer in Medieval Studies ( Arizona State University , Tempe , 2000 ) - U.C . Davis Distinguished Professor ( 2003 ) - Elected foreign Corresponding Member - Named a corresponding member of the Real Academia Española ( June 2009 ) - Awarded Doctor honoris causa , Universidad de Alcalá ( Madrid , December 2010 ) .",
"title": "Honors and awards"
}
] |
/wiki/George_Cambridge,_2nd_Marquess_of_Cambridge#P97#0
|
What was the noble title of George Cambridge, 2nd Marquess of Cambridge before Aug 1910?
|
George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge George Francis Hugh Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge , ( 11 October 1895 – 16 April 1981 ) , known as Prince George of Teck until 1917 and as Earl of Eltham from 1917 to 1927 , was a relative of the British Royal Family , a great-great-grandson of King George III and nephew of Queen Mary , the consort of King George V . He was also nephew to the 1st Earl of Athlone . He was the elder son of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge , formerly the Duke of Teck , and his wife , the former Lady Margaret Grosvenor . Early life . Born at Grosvenor House , the home of his maternal grandfather , the 1st Duke of Westminster , he was styled His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck from birth . On his fathers side , he was descended from King George III and—morganatically—from the Royal House of Württemberg . In June 1917 , at the request of George V , his father relinquished the titles , styles , and designations , Highness , Duke of Teck and of Teck in the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire , and assumed the surname Cambridge by Royal Licence and Warrant . The former Duke of Teck was subsequently created Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Prince George became George Cambridge and was styled Earl of Eltham as a courtesy title . He succeeded his father as 2nd Marquess of Cambridge on 24 October 1927 . He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in June 1927 and was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in June 1935 . Education and career . Prince George of Teck was educated at Eton College and then at Magdalen College , Oxford . He joined the Reserve Regiment of the 1st Life Guards during World War I and served as an aide-de-camp on the Personal Staff in 1918–1919 . In the inter-war years , he served with the Territorial Army as a lieutenant in the Shropshire Yeomanry from 1921 , then as captain in the 16th Battalion , London Regiment from 1929 to 1932 . At the outbreak of World War II he mobilised as Captain with the Royal Army Service Corps and served in France , rising to rank of Major . In 1929 , he became a director of Coutts & Company , a banking firm . This made him the second member of the British royal family ( albeit , a very minor one ) to pursue a career in the City of London . He remained with the firm until his retirement in 1951 . Personal life . On 10 April 1923 , he married Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings ( 18 May 1899 Cirencester – 1 April 1988 ) , daughter of The Hon . Osmund William Toone Westenra Hastings , who was a younger son of the 13th Earl of Huntingdon . The couple had one child , Lady Mary Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 – 13 December 1999 ) . Lord and Lady Cambridge regularly attended major royal occasions , although they did not carry out royal duties . Lord Cambridge participated in the coronations of George V , George VI , and Elizabeth II . For many years he served as Royal Trustee of the British Museum . Lord Cambridge died on 16 April 1981 in Little Abington , and was buried in the Royal Burial Ground , Frogmore . His peerages became extinct . His brother , Lord Frederick Cambridge , had died while fighting in Belgium during World War II .
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": "George Francis Hugh Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge , ( 11 October 1895 – 16 April 1981 ) , known as Prince George of Teck until 1917 and as Earl of Eltham from 1917 to 1927 , was a relative of the British Royal Family , a great-great-grandson of King George III and nephew of Queen Mary , the consort of King George V . He was also nephew to the 1st Earl of Athlone . He was the elder son of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge , formerly the Duke of Teck , and his wife , the",
"title": "George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge"
},
{
"text": "former Lady Margaret Grosvenor .",
"title": "George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge"
},
{
"text": "Born at Grosvenor House , the home of his maternal grandfather , the 1st Duke of Westminster , he was styled His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck from birth . On his fathers side , he was descended from King George III and—morganatically—from the Royal House of Württemberg . In June 1917 , at the request of George V , his father relinquished the titles , styles , and designations , Highness , Duke of Teck and of Teck in the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire , and assumed the surname Cambridge by Royal Licence and Warrant",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": ". The former Duke of Teck was subsequently created Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Prince George became George Cambridge and was styled Earl of Eltham as a courtesy title . He succeeded his father as 2nd Marquess of Cambridge on 24 October 1927 . He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in June 1927 and was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in June 1935 .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Prince George of Teck was educated at Eton College and then at Magdalen College , Oxford . He joined the Reserve Regiment of the 1st Life Guards during World War I and served as an aide-de-camp on the Personal Staff in 1918–1919 . In the inter-war years , he served with the Territorial Army as a lieutenant in the Shropshire Yeomanry from 1921 , then as captain in the 16th Battalion , London Regiment from 1929 to 1932 .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": "At the outbreak of World War II he mobilised as Captain with the Royal Army Service Corps and served in France , rising to rank of Major .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": " In 1929 , he became a director of Coutts & Company , a banking firm . This made him the second member of the British royal family ( albeit , a very minor one ) to pursue a career in the City of London . He remained with the firm until his retirement in 1951 .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": " On 10 April 1923 , he married Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings ( 18 May 1899 Cirencester – 1 April 1988 ) , daughter of The Hon . Osmund William Toone Westenra Hastings , who was a younger son of the 13th Earl of Huntingdon . The couple had one child , Lady Mary Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 – 13 December 1999 ) .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Lord and Lady Cambridge regularly attended major royal occasions , although they did not carry out royal duties . Lord Cambridge participated in the coronations of George V , George VI , and Elizabeth II . For many years he served as Royal Trustee of the British Museum .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Lord Cambridge died on 16 April 1981 in Little Abington , and was buried in the Royal Burial Ground , Frogmore . His peerages became extinct . His brother , Lord Frederick Cambridge , had died while fighting in Belgium during World War II .",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] |
/wiki/George_Cambridge,_2nd_Marquess_of_Cambridge#P97#1
|
What was the noble title of George Cambridge, 2nd Marquess of Cambridge in early 1920s?
|
George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge George Francis Hugh Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge , ( 11 October 1895 – 16 April 1981 ) , known as Prince George of Teck until 1917 and as Earl of Eltham from 1917 to 1927 , was a relative of the British Royal Family , a great-great-grandson of King George III and nephew of Queen Mary , the consort of King George V . He was also nephew to the 1st Earl of Athlone . He was the elder son of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge , formerly the Duke of Teck , and his wife , the former Lady Margaret Grosvenor . Early life . Born at Grosvenor House , the home of his maternal grandfather , the 1st Duke of Westminster , he was styled His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck from birth . On his fathers side , he was descended from King George III and—morganatically—from the Royal House of Württemberg . In June 1917 , at the request of George V , his father relinquished the titles , styles , and designations , Highness , Duke of Teck and of Teck in the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire , and assumed the surname Cambridge by Royal Licence and Warrant . The former Duke of Teck was subsequently created Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Prince George became George Cambridge and was styled Earl of Eltham as a courtesy title . He succeeded his father as 2nd Marquess of Cambridge on 24 October 1927 . He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in June 1927 and was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in June 1935 . Education and career . Prince George of Teck was educated at Eton College and then at Magdalen College , Oxford . He joined the Reserve Regiment of the 1st Life Guards during World War I and served as an aide-de-camp on the Personal Staff in 1918–1919 . In the inter-war years , he served with the Territorial Army as a lieutenant in the Shropshire Yeomanry from 1921 , then as captain in the 16th Battalion , London Regiment from 1929 to 1932 . At the outbreak of World War II he mobilised as Captain with the Royal Army Service Corps and served in France , rising to rank of Major . In 1929 , he became a director of Coutts & Company , a banking firm . This made him the second member of the British royal family ( albeit , a very minor one ) to pursue a career in the City of London . He remained with the firm until his retirement in 1951 . Personal life . On 10 April 1923 , he married Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings ( 18 May 1899 Cirencester – 1 April 1988 ) , daughter of The Hon . Osmund William Toone Westenra Hastings , who was a younger son of the 13th Earl of Huntingdon . The couple had one child , Lady Mary Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 – 13 December 1999 ) . Lord and Lady Cambridge regularly attended major royal occasions , although they did not carry out royal duties . Lord Cambridge participated in the coronations of George V , George VI , and Elizabeth II . For many years he served as Royal Trustee of the British Museum . Lord Cambridge died on 16 April 1981 in Little Abington , and was buried in the Royal Burial Ground , Frogmore . His peerages became extinct . His brother , Lord Frederick Cambridge , had died while fighting in Belgium during World War II .
|
[
"Earl of Eltham"
] |
[
{
"text": "George Francis Hugh Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge , ( 11 October 1895 – 16 April 1981 ) , known as Prince George of Teck until 1917 and as Earl of Eltham from 1917 to 1927 , was a relative of the British Royal Family , a great-great-grandson of King George III and nephew of Queen Mary , the consort of King George V . He was also nephew to the 1st Earl of Athlone . He was the elder son of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge , formerly the Duke of Teck , and his wife , the",
"title": "George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge"
},
{
"text": "former Lady Margaret Grosvenor .",
"title": "George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge"
},
{
"text": "Born at Grosvenor House , the home of his maternal grandfather , the 1st Duke of Westminster , he was styled His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck from birth . On his fathers side , he was descended from King George III and—morganatically—from the Royal House of Württemberg . In June 1917 , at the request of George V , his father relinquished the titles , styles , and designations , Highness , Duke of Teck and of Teck in the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire , and assumed the surname Cambridge by Royal Licence and Warrant",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": ". The former Duke of Teck was subsequently created Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Prince George became George Cambridge and was styled Earl of Eltham as a courtesy title . He succeeded his father as 2nd Marquess of Cambridge on 24 October 1927 . He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in June 1927 and was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in June 1935 .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Prince George of Teck was educated at Eton College and then at Magdalen College , Oxford . He joined the Reserve Regiment of the 1st Life Guards during World War I and served as an aide-de-camp on the Personal Staff in 1918–1919 . In the inter-war years , he served with the Territorial Army as a lieutenant in the Shropshire Yeomanry from 1921 , then as captain in the 16th Battalion , London Regiment from 1929 to 1932 .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": "At the outbreak of World War II he mobilised as Captain with the Royal Army Service Corps and served in France , rising to rank of Major .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": " In 1929 , he became a director of Coutts & Company , a banking firm . This made him the second member of the British royal family ( albeit , a very minor one ) to pursue a career in the City of London . He remained with the firm until his retirement in 1951 .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": " On 10 April 1923 , he married Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings ( 18 May 1899 Cirencester – 1 April 1988 ) , daughter of The Hon . Osmund William Toone Westenra Hastings , who was a younger son of the 13th Earl of Huntingdon . The couple had one child , Lady Mary Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 – 13 December 1999 ) .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Lord and Lady Cambridge regularly attended major royal occasions , although they did not carry out royal duties . Lord Cambridge participated in the coronations of George V , George VI , and Elizabeth II . For many years he served as Royal Trustee of the British Museum .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Lord Cambridge died on 16 April 1981 in Little Abington , and was buried in the Royal Burial Ground , Frogmore . His peerages became extinct . His brother , Lord Frederick Cambridge , had died while fighting in Belgium during World War II .",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] |
/wiki/George_Cambridge,_2nd_Marquess_of_Cambridge#P97#2
|
What was the noble title of George Cambridge, 2nd Marquess of Cambridge after Aug 1972?
|
George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge George Francis Hugh Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge , ( 11 October 1895 – 16 April 1981 ) , known as Prince George of Teck until 1917 and as Earl of Eltham from 1917 to 1927 , was a relative of the British Royal Family , a great-great-grandson of King George III and nephew of Queen Mary , the consort of King George V . He was also nephew to the 1st Earl of Athlone . He was the elder son of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge , formerly the Duke of Teck , and his wife , the former Lady Margaret Grosvenor . Early life . Born at Grosvenor House , the home of his maternal grandfather , the 1st Duke of Westminster , he was styled His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck from birth . On his fathers side , he was descended from King George III and—morganatically—from the Royal House of Württemberg . In June 1917 , at the request of George V , his father relinquished the titles , styles , and designations , Highness , Duke of Teck and of Teck in the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire , and assumed the surname Cambridge by Royal Licence and Warrant . The former Duke of Teck was subsequently created Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Prince George became George Cambridge and was styled Earl of Eltham as a courtesy title . He succeeded his father as 2nd Marquess of Cambridge on 24 October 1927 . He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in June 1927 and was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in June 1935 . Education and career . Prince George of Teck was educated at Eton College and then at Magdalen College , Oxford . He joined the Reserve Regiment of the 1st Life Guards during World War I and served as an aide-de-camp on the Personal Staff in 1918–1919 . In the inter-war years , he served with the Territorial Army as a lieutenant in the Shropshire Yeomanry from 1921 , then as captain in the 16th Battalion , London Regiment from 1929 to 1932 . At the outbreak of World War II he mobilised as Captain with the Royal Army Service Corps and served in France , rising to rank of Major . In 1929 , he became a director of Coutts & Company , a banking firm . This made him the second member of the British royal family ( albeit , a very minor one ) to pursue a career in the City of London . He remained with the firm until his retirement in 1951 . Personal life . On 10 April 1923 , he married Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings ( 18 May 1899 Cirencester – 1 April 1988 ) , daughter of The Hon . Osmund William Toone Westenra Hastings , who was a younger son of the 13th Earl of Huntingdon . The couple had one child , Lady Mary Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 – 13 December 1999 ) . Lord and Lady Cambridge regularly attended major royal occasions , although they did not carry out royal duties . Lord Cambridge participated in the coronations of George V , George VI , and Elizabeth II . For many years he served as Royal Trustee of the British Museum . Lord Cambridge died on 16 April 1981 in Little Abington , and was buried in the Royal Burial Ground , Frogmore . His peerages became extinct . His brother , Lord Frederick Cambridge , had died while fighting in Belgium during World War II .
|
[
"Marquess of Cambridge"
] |
[
{
"text": "George Francis Hugh Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge , ( 11 October 1895 – 16 April 1981 ) , known as Prince George of Teck until 1917 and as Earl of Eltham from 1917 to 1927 , was a relative of the British Royal Family , a great-great-grandson of King George III and nephew of Queen Mary , the consort of King George V . He was also nephew to the 1st Earl of Athlone . He was the elder son of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge , formerly the Duke of Teck , and his wife , the",
"title": "George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge"
},
{
"text": "former Lady Margaret Grosvenor .",
"title": "George Cambridge , 2nd Marquess of Cambridge"
},
{
"text": "Born at Grosvenor House , the home of his maternal grandfather , the 1st Duke of Westminster , he was styled His Serene Highness Prince George of Teck from birth . On his fathers side , he was descended from King George III and—morganatically—from the Royal House of Württemberg . In June 1917 , at the request of George V , his father relinquished the titles , styles , and designations , Highness , Duke of Teck and of Teck in the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire , and assumed the surname Cambridge by Royal Licence and Warrant",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": ". The former Duke of Teck was subsequently created Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Prince George became George Cambridge and was styled Earl of Eltham as a courtesy title . He succeeded his father as 2nd Marquess of Cambridge on 24 October 1927 . He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in June 1927 and was promoted to Knight Grand Cross in June 1935 .",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"text": " Prince George of Teck was educated at Eton College and then at Magdalen College , Oxford . He joined the Reserve Regiment of the 1st Life Guards during World War I and served as an aide-de-camp on the Personal Staff in 1918–1919 . In the inter-war years , he served with the Territorial Army as a lieutenant in the Shropshire Yeomanry from 1921 , then as captain in the 16th Battalion , London Regiment from 1929 to 1932 .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": "At the outbreak of World War II he mobilised as Captain with the Royal Army Service Corps and served in France , rising to rank of Major .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": " In 1929 , he became a director of Coutts & Company , a banking firm . This made him the second member of the British royal family ( albeit , a very minor one ) to pursue a career in the City of London . He remained with the firm until his retirement in 1951 .",
"title": "Education and career"
},
{
"text": " On 10 April 1923 , he married Dorothy Isabel Westenra Hastings ( 18 May 1899 Cirencester – 1 April 1988 ) , daughter of The Hon . Osmund William Toone Westenra Hastings , who was a younger son of the 13th Earl of Huntingdon . The couple had one child , Lady Mary Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 – 13 December 1999 ) .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": "Lord and Lady Cambridge regularly attended major royal occasions , although they did not carry out royal duties . Lord Cambridge participated in the coronations of George V , George VI , and Elizabeth II . For many years he served as Royal Trustee of the British Museum .",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"text": " Lord Cambridge died on 16 April 1981 in Little Abington , and was buried in the Royal Burial Ground , Frogmore . His peerages became extinct . His brother , Lord Frederick Cambridge , had died while fighting in Belgium during World War II .",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] |
/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants#P1448#0
|
What was the official name of San Francisco Giants before Apr 1884?
|
San Francisco Giants The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco . The Giants compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 . The franchise is one of the oldest and most successful in professional baseball , with more wins than any team in the history of major American sports . The team was the first major-league organization based in New York City , most memorably playing home games at several iterations of the Polo Grounds . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times , an NL record . In 2014 , the Giants won their then-record twenty-third National League pennant ; this mark has since been equaled and then eclipsed by the rival Dodgers , who as of 2020 lay claim to 24 NL crowns . The Giants eight World Series championships are second-most in the NL and fifth-most of any franchise . The franchise won 14 pennants and five World Series championships while in New York , led by managers John McGraw , Bill Terry , and Leo Durocher . New York-era star players including Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , and Willie Mays join 63 other Giants in the Baseball Hall of Fame , the most of any franchise . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers , one of the longest-standing and most famed rivalries in American sports , began in New York and continued when both teams relocated to the West Coast in 1958 . Despite the efforts of Mays and Barry Bonds , regarded as two of baseballs all-time best players , the Giants endured a 56-year championships drought following the move west , a stretch that included three World Series losses . The streak ended in 2010 , which was followed by additional championships in 2012 and 2014 , making the Giants the second team in NL history to win three championships in five years . Through 2020 , the franchises all-time record is 11,194–9,718 ( ) . Franchise history . New York Giants . The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season . During most of their 75 seasons in New York City , the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan . Numerous inductees of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum played for the New York Giants , including John McGraw , Mel Ott , Bill Terry , Willie Mays , Monte Irvin , and Travis Jackson . During the clubs tenure in New York , they produced five of the franchises eight World Series wins ( 1905 , 1921 , 1922 , 1933 , 1954 ) and 17 of its 23 National League pennants . Famous moments in the Giants New York history include the 1922 World Series , in which the Giants swept the Yankees in four games , the 1951 home run by New York Giants outfielder and third baseman Bobby Thomson known as the Shot Heard Round the World , and the defensive feat by Mays during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series known as the Catch . The Giants had intense rivalries with their fellow New York teams , the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers . The Giants faced the Yankees in six World Series and played the league rival Dodgers multiple times per season . Games between any two of these three teams were known collectively as the Subway Series . The Dodgers-Giants rivalry continues , as both teams moved to California after the 1957 season , with the Dodgers relocating to Los Angeles . The New York Giants of the National Football League are named after the team . San Francisco Giants . The Giants , along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers , became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast . On April 15 , 1958 , the Giants played their first game in San Francisco , defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers , 8–0 . The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960 . The Giants played at Candlestick Park until 1999 , before opening Pacific Bell Park ( now known as Oracle Park ) in 2000 , where the Giants currently play . The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco . They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009 . The Giants lost the 1962 World Series in seven games to the New York Yankees . The Giants were swept in the 1989 World Series by their cross-town rival Oakland Athletics , a series best known for the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake , which caused a 10-day delay between Games 2 and 3 . The Giants also lost the 2002 World Series to the Anaheim Angels . One of the teams biggest highlights during this time was the 2001 season , in which OF Barry Bonds hit 73 home runs , breaking the record for most home runs in a season . In 2007 , Bonds would surpass Hank Aarons career record of 755 home runs . Bonds finished his career with 762 home runs ( 586 hit with the Giants ) , still the MLB record . The Giants won three World Series championships in 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 , giving the team eight total World Series titles , including the five won as the New York Giants . Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays , 1B Orlando Cepeda , P Juan Marichal , 1B Willie McCovey , and P Gaylord Perry . Rivalries . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers dates back to when the two teams were based in New York , as does their rivalry with the New York Yankees . The Dodger and Giants rivalry is one of the longest rivalries in sports history . Their rivalry with the Oakland Athletics dates back to when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia and played each other in the 1905 , 1911 , & 1913 World Series , and was renewed in 1968 when the Athletics moved from Kansas City and the teams again played each other in the earthquake-interrupted 1989 Bay Bridge World Series . The 2010 NLCS inaugurated a Giants rivalry with the Philadelphia Phillies after confrontations between Jonathan Sánchez and Chase Utley , and between Ramón Ramírez and Shane Victorino . However , with the Philadelphia Phillies dropping off as one of the premier teams of the National League , this rivalry has died down since 2010 and 2011 . Another rivalry that has intensified recently is with the St . Louis Cardinals , whom the team has faced 4 times in the NLCS . The rivalry between the New York Giants and Chicago Cubs in the early 20th century was once regarded as one of the most heated in baseball , with Merkles Boner leading to a 1908 season-ending matchup in New York of particular note . That historical rivalry was revisited when the Giants beat the Cubs in the 1989 NL playoffs , in their tiebreaker game in Chicago at the end of the 1998 season , and on June 6 , 2012 , in a Turn Back The Century game in which both teams wore replica 1912 uniforms . Los Angeles Dodgers . The Giants-Dodgers rivalry is one of the greatest and longest-standing rivalries in team sports , and has been regarded as the most intense in American baseball . The Giants-Dodgers feud began in the late 19th century when both clubs were based in New York City , with the Dodgers based in Brooklyn and the Giants playing at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan . After the 1957 season , Dodgers owner Walter OMalley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons . Along the way , he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham ( who was considering moving his team to Minnesota ) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well . New York baseball fans were stunned and heartbroken by the move . Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic , cultural and political arenas , their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry . Both teams having endured for over a century while leaping across an entire continent , as well as the rivalrys growth from cross-city to cross-state , have led to its being considered one of the greatest in sports history . The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has seen both teams enjoy periods of success at the expense of the other . While the Giants have more total wins , head-to-head wins , and World Series titles in their franchise histories , the Dodgers have won the National League West 11 more times than the Giants since the start of division play in 1969 . Both teams have made the postseason as a National League wild card twice . The Giants won their first world championship in California in 2010 , while the Dodgers won their last world title in 2020 . As of the end of the 2020 baseball season , the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs , 6-3 , whereas in 20th-century New York , the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships , 5–1 . The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships , overall . Oakland Athletics . A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series , nicknamed the Battle of the Bay , which Oakland swept ( and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco ) . In addition , the introduction of interleague play in 1997 has pitted the two teams against each other for usually six games every season since 1997 , three in each city ( but only four in 2013 , two in each city ) . Before 1997 , they played each other only in Cactus League spring training . Their interleague play wins and losses ( 63–57 in favor of the As ) have been fairly evenly divided despite differences in league , style of play , stadium , payroll , fan base stereotypes , media coverage and World Series records , all of which have heightened the rivalry in recent years . The intensity of the rivalry and how it is understood varies among Bay Area fans . As fans generally view the Giants as a hated rival , while Giants fans generally view the As as a friendly rival much lower on the scale . This is most likely due to the As lack of a historical rival , while the Giants have their heated rivalry with the Dodgers . Some Bay Area fans are fans of both teams . The split hats that feature the logos of both teams best embodies the shared fan base . Other Bay Area fans view the competition between the two teams as a friendly rivalry , with little actual hatred compared to similar ones such as the Subway Series ( New York Mets vs . New York Yankees ) , the Red Line Series ( Chicago Cubs vs . Chicago White Sox ) and the Freeway Series ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs . Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ) . The Giants and As enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century before the Yankees began to dominate after the acquisition of Babe Ruth in 1920 , when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia . The teams were managed by legendary leaders John McGraw and Connie Mack , who were considered not only friendly rivals but the premier managers during that era , especially in view of their longevity ( Mack for 50 years , McGraw for 30 ) since both were majority owners . Each team played in five of the first 15 World Series ( tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period ) . As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia As , they met in three World Series , with the Giants winning in and the As in & . After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland As , they met in a fourth Series in resulting in the As last world championship ( as of 2018 ) . Historical rivalry . New York Yankees . Though in different leagues , the Giants have also been historical rivals of the Yankees , starting in New York before the Giants moved to the West Coast . Before the institution of interleague play in 1997 , the two teams had little opportunity to play each other except in seven World Series : , , , , , and , the Yankees winning last five of the seven Series . The teams have met five times in regular season interleague play : In 2002 at the old Yankee Stadium , in 2007 at Oracle Park ( then known as AT&T Park ) , in 2013 and 2016 at the current Yankee Stadium , and in 2019 at Oracle Park . The teams next regular season meetings will occur in 2022 . In a September 2013 meeting , Yankees 3B Alex Rodriguez hit a grand slam , breaking Lou Gehrigs grand slam record . In his July 4 , 1939 farewell speech ending with the renowned Today , I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth , Yankee slugger Lou Gehrig , who played in 2,130 consecutive games , declared that the Giants were a team he would give his right arm to beat , and vice versa . Baseball Hall of Famers . As of 2012 , the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame has inducted 66 representatives of the Giants ( 55 players and 11 managers ) into the Hall of Fame , more than any other team in the history of baseball . Other . The following inducted members of the Hall of Fame played or managed for the Giants , but either played for the Giants and were inducted as a manager having never managed the Giants , or managed the Giants and were inducted as a player having never played for the Giants : - Cap Anson – inducted as player , managed Giants in 1898 . - Hughie Jennings – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1924 to 1925 . - Bill McKechnie – inducted as manager , played for Giants in 1916 . - Frank Robinson – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1981 to 1984 . - Casey Stengel – inducted as manager , played for Giants from 1921 to 1923 . Broadcasters Russ Hodges , Lon Simmons , and Jon Miller are permanently honored in the Halls Scribes & Mikemen exhibit as a result of winning the Ford C . Frick Award in 1980 , 2004 , and 2010 respectively . As with all Frick Award winners , none are officially recognized as an inducted member of the Hall of Fame . San Francisco Giants Wall of Famers . The Giants Wall of Fame recognizes retired players whose records stand highest among their teammates on the basis of longevity and achievements . Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants , or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant . Retired numbers . The Giants have retired 11 numbers in the history of the franchise , most recently Barry Bonds number 25 in 2018 . Of the Giants whose numbers have been retired , all but Bonds have been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame . In 1944 , Carl Hubbell ( #11 ) became the first National Leaguer to have his number retired by his team . Bill Terry ( #3 ) , Mel Ott ( #4 ) , and Hubbell played and/or managed their entire careers for the New York Giants . Willie Mays ( #24 ) began his career in New York , moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958 ; he did not play in most of 1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War . Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants , but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball . It was announced that the Giants will retire Will Clarks #22 on July 11 , 2020 but the ceremony was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic . Also honored . John McGraw ( 3B , 1902–06 ; manager , 1902–32 ) and Christy Mathewson ( P , 1900–16 ) , who were members of the New York Giants before the introduction of uniform numbers , have the letters NY displayed in place of a number . Broadcasters Lon Simmons ( 1958–73 , 1976–78 , 1996–2002 & 2006 ) , Russ Hodges ( 1949–70 ) , and Jon Miller ( 1997–current ) are each represented by an old-style radio microphone displayed in place of a number . The Giants present the Willie Mac Award annually to the player that best exemplifies the spirit and leadership shown by Willie McCovey throughout his career . Team captains . The Giants have had a number of captains over the years : - Jack Doyle 1902 - Dan McGann 1903–1907 - Larry Doyle 1908–1916 - Gus Mancuso 1937–1938 - Mel Ott 1939–1947 - Alvin Dark 1950–1956 - Willie Mays 1961–1972 - Willie McCovey 1977–1980 - Darrell Evans 1980–1983 - Jack Clark 1984 Season records . All-time regular season record : 11,194-9,718 ( .535 ) ( through 2020 season ) Minor league affiliations . The San Francisco Giants farm system consists of eight minor league affiliates . Radio and television . Giants television telecasts are split between NBC-owned KNTV ( broadcast ) and NBC Sports Bay Area ( cable ) . KNTVs broadcast contract with the Giants began in 2008 , one year after the team and KTVU mutually ended a relationship that dated to 1961 . Jon Miller regularly calls the action on KNTV , while the announcing team for NBCSBA telecasts is Mike Krukow and Duane Kuiper , affectionately known as Kruk and Kuip ( pronounced Kruke and Kype ) . During the 2016 season , the Giants had an average 4.71 rating and 117,000 viewers on primetime TV broadcasts . The Giants flagship radio station is KNBR ( 680 AM ) . KNBRs owner , Cumulus Media , is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP , the owner of the team . Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers . In addition to KNBR , the Giants can be heard throughout Northern California and parts of Nevada , Oregon , and Hawaii on the Giants Radio Network . When games are televised on KNTV , Kuiper replaces Miller on the radio , and Miller goes to television . Erwin Higueros and Tito Fuentes handle Spanish-language radio broadcasts on KXZM ( 93.7 FM ) . Home run call glitch . On May 28 , 2006 , Flemming called the 715th career home run of Barry Bonds , which moved Bonds into second on the all-time home run list . Unfortunately , the power from Flemmings microphone to the transmitter cut off while the ball was in flight , so the radio audience heard only crowd noise . Greg Papa took over the broadcast and apologized to listeners . Kuipers TV call was submitted to the Baseball Hall of Fame as an artifact , instead of the usual radio call . Fight song and other music . First used for Giants radio broadcasts on KSFO , the teams fight song Bye , Bye Baby ! is currently used following any Giants home run . The song is played in the stadium , and an instrumental version is played on telecasts when the inning in which the home run was hit concludes . The title and chorus Bye bye baby ! coming from famed former Giants broadcaster Russ Hodges , which was his home run call . Following a Giants home win , Tony Bennetts I Left My Heart in San Francisco is played in Oracle Park in celebration . If the Giants are leading after the 8th inning , they play Journeys Lights . If they are trailing , they play Journeys Dont Stop Believin .
|
[
"New York Gothams"
] |
[
{
"text": " The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco . The Giants compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The franchise is one of the oldest and most successful in professional baseball , with more wins than any team in the history of major American sports . The team was the first major-league organization based in New York City , most memorably playing home games at several iterations of the Polo Grounds . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times , an NL record . In 2014 , the Giants won their then-record twenty-third National League pennant ; this mark has since been equaled and then eclipsed by the rival Dodgers , who as of 2020",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "lay claim to 24 NL crowns . The Giants eight World Series championships are second-most in the NL and fifth-most of any franchise .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The franchise won 14 pennants and five World Series championships while in New York , led by managers John McGraw , Bill Terry , and Leo Durocher . New York-era star players including Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , and Willie Mays join 63 other Giants in the Baseball Hall of Fame , the most of any franchise . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers , one of the longest-standing and most famed rivalries in American sports , began in New York and continued when both teams relocated to the West Coast in 1958 .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " Despite the efforts of Mays and Barry Bonds , regarded as two of baseballs all-time best players , the Giants endured a 56-year championships drought following the move west , a stretch that included three World Series losses . The streak ended in 2010 , which was followed by additional championships in 2012 and 2014 , making the Giants the second team in NL history to win three championships in five years . Through 2020 , the franchises all-time record is 11,194–9,718 ( ) .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season . During most of their 75 seasons in New York City , the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": "Numerous inductees of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum played for the New York Giants , including John McGraw , Mel Ott , Bill Terry , Willie Mays , Monte Irvin , and Travis Jackson . During the clubs tenure in New York , they produced five of the franchises eight World Series wins ( 1905 , 1921 , 1922 , 1933 , 1954 ) and 17 of its 23 National League pennants . Famous moments in the Giants New York history include the 1922 World Series , in which the Giants swept the Yankees in four games",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": ", the 1951 home run by New York Giants outfielder and third baseman Bobby Thomson known as the Shot Heard Round the World , and the defensive feat by Mays during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series known as the Catch .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants had intense rivalries with their fellow New York teams , the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers . The Giants faced the Yankees in six World Series and played the league rival Dodgers multiple times per season . Games between any two of these three teams were known collectively as the Subway Series . The Dodgers-Giants rivalry continues , as both teams moved to California after the 1957 season , with the Dodgers relocating to Los Angeles . The New York Giants of the National Football League are named after the team .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants , along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers , became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast . On April 15 , 1958 , the Giants played their first game in San Francisco , defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers , 8–0 . The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960 . The Giants played at Candlestick Park until 1999 , before opening Pacific Bell Park ( now known as Oracle Park ) in 2000 , where the Giants currently play .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco . They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009 . The Giants lost the 1962 World Series in seven games to the New York Yankees . The Giants were swept in the 1989 World Series by their cross-town rival Oakland Athletics , a series best known for the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake , which caused a 10-day delay between Games 2 and 3 . The Giants also lost the 2002 World Series to the Anaheim Angels . One of",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "the teams biggest highlights during this time was the 2001 season , in which OF Barry Bonds hit 73 home runs , breaking the record for most home runs in a season . In 2007 , Bonds would surpass Hank Aarons career record of 755 home runs . Bonds finished his career with 762 home runs ( 586 hit with the Giants ) , still the MLB record .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants won three World Series championships in 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 , giving the team eight total World Series titles , including the five won as the New York Giants . Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays , 1B Orlando Cepeda , P Juan Marichal , 1B Willie McCovey , and P Gaylord Perry .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers dates back to when the two teams were based in New York , as does their rivalry with the New York Yankees . The Dodger and Giants rivalry is one of the longest rivalries in sports history . Their rivalry with the Oakland Athletics dates back to when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia and played each other in the 1905 , 1911 , & 1913 World Series , and was renewed in 1968 when the Athletics moved from Kansas City and the teams again played",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": "each other in the earthquake-interrupted 1989 Bay Bridge World Series . The 2010 NLCS inaugurated a Giants rivalry with the Philadelphia Phillies after confrontations between Jonathan Sánchez and Chase Utley , and between Ramón Ramírez and Shane Victorino . However , with the Philadelphia Phillies dropping off as one of the premier teams of the National League , this rivalry has died down since 2010 and 2011 . Another rivalry that has intensified recently is with the St . Louis Cardinals , whom the team has faced 4 times in the NLCS .",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": " The rivalry between the New York Giants and Chicago Cubs in the early 20th century was once regarded as one of the most heated in baseball , with Merkles Boner leading to a 1908 season-ending matchup in New York of particular note . That historical rivalry was revisited when the Giants beat the Cubs in the 1989 NL playoffs , in their tiebreaker game in Chicago at the end of the 1998 season , and on June 6 , 2012 , in a Turn Back The Century game in which both teams wore replica 1912 uniforms .",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": " The Giants-Dodgers rivalry is one of the greatest and longest-standing rivalries in team sports , and has been regarded as the most intense in American baseball .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "The Giants-Dodgers feud began in the late 19th century when both clubs were based in New York City , with the Dodgers based in Brooklyn and the Giants playing at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan . After the 1957 season , Dodgers owner Walter OMalley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons . Along the way , he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham ( who was considering moving his team to Minnesota ) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well . New York baseball fans were",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "stunned and heartbroken by the move . Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic , cultural and political arenas , their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": " Both teams having endured for over a century while leaping across an entire continent , as well as the rivalrys growth from cross-city to cross-state , have led to its being considered one of the greatest in sports history .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has seen both teams enjoy periods of success at the expense of the other . While the Giants have more total wins , head-to-head wins , and World Series titles in their franchise histories , the Dodgers have won the National League West 11 more times than the Giants since the start of division play in 1969 . Both teams have made the postseason as a National League wild card twice . The Giants won their first world championship in California in 2010 , while the Dodgers won their last world title in 2020 . As of",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "the end of the 2020 baseball season , the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs , 6-3 , whereas in 20th-century New York , the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships , 5–1 . The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships , overall .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series , nicknamed the Battle of the Bay , which Oakland swept ( and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco ) . In addition , the introduction of interleague play in 1997 has pitted the two teams against each other for usually six games every season since 1997 , three in each city ( but only four in 2013 , two in each city ) . Before 1997 , they played each",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "other only in Cactus League spring training . Their interleague play wins and losses ( 63–57 in favor of the As ) have been fairly evenly divided despite differences in league , style of play , stadium , payroll , fan base stereotypes , media coverage and World Series records , all of which have heightened the rivalry in recent years . The intensity of the rivalry and how it is understood varies among Bay Area fans . As fans generally view the Giants as a hated rival , while Giants fans generally view the As as a friendly rival",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "much lower on the scale . This is most likely due to the As lack of a historical rival , while the Giants have their heated rivalry with the Dodgers . Some Bay Area fans are fans of both teams . The split hats that feature the logos of both teams best embodies the shared fan base . Other Bay Area fans view the competition between the two teams as a friendly rivalry , with little actual hatred compared to similar ones such as the Subway Series ( New York Mets vs . New York Yankees ) , the Red",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "Line Series ( Chicago Cubs vs . Chicago White Sox ) and the Freeway Series ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs . Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ) .",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "The Giants and As enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century before the Yankees began to dominate after the acquisition of Babe Ruth in 1920 , when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia . The teams were managed by legendary leaders John McGraw and Connie Mack , who were considered not only friendly rivals but the premier managers during that era , especially in view of their longevity ( Mack for 50 years , McGraw for 30 ) since both were majority owners . Each team played in five of",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "the first 15 World Series ( tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period ) . As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia As , they met in three World Series , with the Giants winning in and the As in & . After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland As , they met in a fourth Series in resulting in the As last world championship ( as of 2018 ) .",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "Though in different leagues , the Giants have also been historical rivals of the Yankees , starting in New York before the Giants moved to the West Coast . Before the institution of interleague play in 1997 , the two teams had little opportunity to play each other except in seven World Series : , , , , , and , the Yankees winning last five of the seven Series . The teams have met five times in regular season interleague play : In 2002 at the old Yankee Stadium , in 2007 at Oracle Park ( then known as",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": "AT&T Park ) , in 2013 and 2016 at the current Yankee Stadium , and in 2019 at Oracle Park . The teams next regular season meetings will occur in 2022 .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": " In a September 2013 meeting , Yankees 3B Alex Rodriguez hit a grand slam , breaking Lou Gehrigs grand slam record . In his July 4 , 1939 farewell speech ending with the renowned Today , I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth , Yankee slugger Lou Gehrig , who played in 2,130 consecutive games , declared that the Giants were a team he would give his right arm to beat , and vice versa . Baseball Hall of Famers .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": "As of 2012 , the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame has inducted 66 representatives of the Giants ( 55 players and 11 managers ) into the Hall of Fame , more than any other team in the history of baseball .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": " The following inducted members of the Hall of Fame played or managed for the Giants , but either played for the Giants and were inducted as a manager having never managed the Giants , or managed the Giants and were inducted as a player having never played for the Giants : - Cap Anson – inducted as player , managed Giants in 1898 . - Hughie Jennings – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1924 to 1925 . - Bill McKechnie – inducted as manager , played for Giants in 1916 .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": "- Frank Robinson – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1981 to 1984 .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " - Casey Stengel – inducted as manager , played for Giants from 1921 to 1923 . Broadcasters Russ Hodges , Lon Simmons , and Jon Miller are permanently honored in the Halls Scribes & Mikemen exhibit as a result of winning the Ford C . Frick Award in 1980 , 2004 , and 2010 respectively . As with all Frick Award winners , none are officially recognized as an inducted member of the Hall of Fame . San Francisco Giants Wall of Famers .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": "The Giants Wall of Fame recognizes retired players whose records stand highest among their teammates on the basis of longevity and achievements .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants , or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " The Giants have retired 11 numbers in the history of the franchise , most recently Barry Bonds number 25 in 2018 .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": "Of the Giants whose numbers have been retired , all but Bonds have been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame . In 1944 , Carl Hubbell ( #11 ) became the first National Leaguer to have his number retired by his team . Bill Terry ( #3 ) , Mel Ott ( #4 ) , and Hubbell played and/or managed their entire careers for the New York Giants . Willie Mays ( #24 ) began his career in New York , moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958 ; he did not play in most of",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": "1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War . Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants , but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": " It was announced that the Giants will retire Will Clarks #22 on July 11 , 2020 but the ceremony was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": " John McGraw ( 3B , 1902–06 ; manager , 1902–32 ) and Christy Mathewson ( P , 1900–16 ) , who were members of the New York Giants before the introduction of uniform numbers , have the letters NY displayed in place of a number . Broadcasters Lon Simmons ( 1958–73 , 1976–78 , 1996–2002 & 2006 ) , Russ Hodges ( 1949–70 ) , and Jon Miller ( 1997–current ) are each represented by an old-style radio microphone displayed in place of a number .",
"title": "Also honored"
},
{
"text": "The Giants present the Willie Mac Award annually to the player that best exemplifies the spirit and leadership shown by Willie McCovey throughout his career .",
"title": "Also honored"
},
{
"text": " The Giants have had a number of captains over the years : - Jack Doyle 1902 - Dan McGann 1903–1907 - Larry Doyle 1908–1916 - Gus Mancuso 1937–1938 - Mel Ott 1939–1947 - Alvin Dark 1950–1956 - Willie Mays 1961–1972 - Willie McCovey 1977–1980 - Darrell Evans 1980–1983 - Jack Clark 1984",
"title": "Team captains"
},
{
"text": "Giants television telecasts are split between NBC-owned KNTV ( broadcast ) and NBC Sports Bay Area ( cable ) . KNTVs broadcast contract with the Giants began in 2008 , one year after the team and KTVU mutually ended a relationship that dated to 1961 . Jon Miller regularly calls the action on KNTV , while the announcing team for NBCSBA telecasts is Mike Krukow and Duane Kuiper , affectionately known as Kruk and Kuip ( pronounced Kruke and Kype ) . During the 2016 season , the Giants had an average 4.71 rating and 117,000 viewers on primetime TV",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "broadcasts .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "The Giants flagship radio station is KNBR ( 680 AM ) . KNBRs owner , Cumulus Media , is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP , the owner of the team . Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers . In addition to KNBR , the Giants can be heard throughout Northern California and parts of Nevada , Oregon , and Hawaii on the Giants Radio Network . When games are televised on KNTV , Kuiper replaces Miller on the radio , and Miller goes to television . Erwin Higueros and Tito Fuentes handle",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Spanish-language radio broadcasts on KXZM ( 93.7 FM ) .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " Home run call glitch . On May 28 , 2006 , Flemming called the 715th career home run of Barry Bonds , which moved Bonds into second on the all-time home run list . Unfortunately , the power from Flemmings microphone to the transmitter cut off while the ball was in flight , so the radio audience heard only crowd noise . Greg Papa took over the broadcast and apologized to listeners . Kuipers TV call was submitted to the Baseball Hall of Fame as an artifact , instead of the usual radio call .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Fight song and other music .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " First used for Giants radio broadcasts on KSFO , the teams fight song Bye , Bye Baby ! is currently used following any Giants home run . The song is played in the stadium , and an instrumental version is played on telecasts when the inning in which the home run was hit concludes . The title and chorus Bye bye baby ! coming from famed former Giants broadcaster Russ Hodges , which was his home run call .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Following a Giants home win , Tony Bennetts I Left My Heart in San Francisco is played in Oracle Park in celebration .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " If the Giants are leading after the 8th inning , they play Journeys Lights . If they are trailing , they play Journeys Dont Stop Believin .",
"title": "Radio and television"
}
] |
/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants#P1448#1
|
What was the official name of San Francisco Giants between Jun 1896 and Jun 1956?
|
San Francisco Giants The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco . The Giants compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 . The franchise is one of the oldest and most successful in professional baseball , with more wins than any team in the history of major American sports . The team was the first major-league organization based in New York City , most memorably playing home games at several iterations of the Polo Grounds . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times , an NL record . In 2014 , the Giants won their then-record twenty-third National League pennant ; this mark has since been equaled and then eclipsed by the rival Dodgers , who as of 2020 lay claim to 24 NL crowns . The Giants eight World Series championships are second-most in the NL and fifth-most of any franchise . The franchise won 14 pennants and five World Series championships while in New York , led by managers John McGraw , Bill Terry , and Leo Durocher . New York-era star players including Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , and Willie Mays join 63 other Giants in the Baseball Hall of Fame , the most of any franchise . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers , one of the longest-standing and most famed rivalries in American sports , began in New York and continued when both teams relocated to the West Coast in 1958 . Despite the efforts of Mays and Barry Bonds , regarded as two of baseballs all-time best players , the Giants endured a 56-year championships drought following the move west , a stretch that included three World Series losses . The streak ended in 2010 , which was followed by additional championships in 2012 and 2014 , making the Giants the second team in NL history to win three championships in five years . Through 2020 , the franchises all-time record is 11,194–9,718 ( ) . Franchise history . New York Giants . The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season . During most of their 75 seasons in New York City , the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan . Numerous inductees of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum played for the New York Giants , including John McGraw , Mel Ott , Bill Terry , Willie Mays , Monte Irvin , and Travis Jackson . During the clubs tenure in New York , they produced five of the franchises eight World Series wins ( 1905 , 1921 , 1922 , 1933 , 1954 ) and 17 of its 23 National League pennants . Famous moments in the Giants New York history include the 1922 World Series , in which the Giants swept the Yankees in four games , the 1951 home run by New York Giants outfielder and third baseman Bobby Thomson known as the Shot Heard Round the World , and the defensive feat by Mays during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series known as the Catch . The Giants had intense rivalries with their fellow New York teams , the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers . The Giants faced the Yankees in six World Series and played the league rival Dodgers multiple times per season . Games between any two of these three teams were known collectively as the Subway Series . The Dodgers-Giants rivalry continues , as both teams moved to California after the 1957 season , with the Dodgers relocating to Los Angeles . The New York Giants of the National Football League are named after the team . San Francisco Giants . The Giants , along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers , became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast . On April 15 , 1958 , the Giants played their first game in San Francisco , defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers , 8–0 . The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960 . The Giants played at Candlestick Park until 1999 , before opening Pacific Bell Park ( now known as Oracle Park ) in 2000 , where the Giants currently play . The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco . They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009 . The Giants lost the 1962 World Series in seven games to the New York Yankees . The Giants were swept in the 1989 World Series by their cross-town rival Oakland Athletics , a series best known for the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake , which caused a 10-day delay between Games 2 and 3 . The Giants also lost the 2002 World Series to the Anaheim Angels . One of the teams biggest highlights during this time was the 2001 season , in which OF Barry Bonds hit 73 home runs , breaking the record for most home runs in a season . In 2007 , Bonds would surpass Hank Aarons career record of 755 home runs . Bonds finished his career with 762 home runs ( 586 hit with the Giants ) , still the MLB record . The Giants won three World Series championships in 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 , giving the team eight total World Series titles , including the five won as the New York Giants . Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays , 1B Orlando Cepeda , P Juan Marichal , 1B Willie McCovey , and P Gaylord Perry . Rivalries . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers dates back to when the two teams were based in New York , as does their rivalry with the New York Yankees . The Dodger and Giants rivalry is one of the longest rivalries in sports history . Their rivalry with the Oakland Athletics dates back to when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia and played each other in the 1905 , 1911 , & 1913 World Series , and was renewed in 1968 when the Athletics moved from Kansas City and the teams again played each other in the earthquake-interrupted 1989 Bay Bridge World Series . The 2010 NLCS inaugurated a Giants rivalry with the Philadelphia Phillies after confrontations between Jonathan Sánchez and Chase Utley , and between Ramón Ramírez and Shane Victorino . However , with the Philadelphia Phillies dropping off as one of the premier teams of the National League , this rivalry has died down since 2010 and 2011 . Another rivalry that has intensified recently is with the St . Louis Cardinals , whom the team has faced 4 times in the NLCS . The rivalry between the New York Giants and Chicago Cubs in the early 20th century was once regarded as one of the most heated in baseball , with Merkles Boner leading to a 1908 season-ending matchup in New York of particular note . That historical rivalry was revisited when the Giants beat the Cubs in the 1989 NL playoffs , in their tiebreaker game in Chicago at the end of the 1998 season , and on June 6 , 2012 , in a Turn Back The Century game in which both teams wore replica 1912 uniforms . Los Angeles Dodgers . The Giants-Dodgers rivalry is one of the greatest and longest-standing rivalries in team sports , and has been regarded as the most intense in American baseball . The Giants-Dodgers feud began in the late 19th century when both clubs were based in New York City , with the Dodgers based in Brooklyn and the Giants playing at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan . After the 1957 season , Dodgers owner Walter OMalley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons . Along the way , he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham ( who was considering moving his team to Minnesota ) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well . New York baseball fans were stunned and heartbroken by the move . Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic , cultural and political arenas , their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry . Both teams having endured for over a century while leaping across an entire continent , as well as the rivalrys growth from cross-city to cross-state , have led to its being considered one of the greatest in sports history . The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has seen both teams enjoy periods of success at the expense of the other . While the Giants have more total wins , head-to-head wins , and World Series titles in their franchise histories , the Dodgers have won the National League West 11 more times than the Giants since the start of division play in 1969 . Both teams have made the postseason as a National League wild card twice . The Giants won their first world championship in California in 2010 , while the Dodgers won their last world title in 2020 . As of the end of the 2020 baseball season , the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs , 6-3 , whereas in 20th-century New York , the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships , 5–1 . The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships , overall . Oakland Athletics . A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series , nicknamed the Battle of the Bay , which Oakland swept ( and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco ) . In addition , the introduction of interleague play in 1997 has pitted the two teams against each other for usually six games every season since 1997 , three in each city ( but only four in 2013 , two in each city ) . Before 1997 , they played each other only in Cactus League spring training . Their interleague play wins and losses ( 63–57 in favor of the As ) have been fairly evenly divided despite differences in league , style of play , stadium , payroll , fan base stereotypes , media coverage and World Series records , all of which have heightened the rivalry in recent years . The intensity of the rivalry and how it is understood varies among Bay Area fans . As fans generally view the Giants as a hated rival , while Giants fans generally view the As as a friendly rival much lower on the scale . This is most likely due to the As lack of a historical rival , while the Giants have their heated rivalry with the Dodgers . Some Bay Area fans are fans of both teams . The split hats that feature the logos of both teams best embodies the shared fan base . Other Bay Area fans view the competition between the two teams as a friendly rivalry , with little actual hatred compared to similar ones such as the Subway Series ( New York Mets vs . New York Yankees ) , the Red Line Series ( Chicago Cubs vs . Chicago White Sox ) and the Freeway Series ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs . Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ) . The Giants and As enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century before the Yankees began to dominate after the acquisition of Babe Ruth in 1920 , when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia . The teams were managed by legendary leaders John McGraw and Connie Mack , who were considered not only friendly rivals but the premier managers during that era , especially in view of their longevity ( Mack for 50 years , McGraw for 30 ) since both were majority owners . Each team played in five of the first 15 World Series ( tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period ) . As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia As , they met in three World Series , with the Giants winning in and the As in & . After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland As , they met in a fourth Series in resulting in the As last world championship ( as of 2018 ) . Historical rivalry . New York Yankees . Though in different leagues , the Giants have also been historical rivals of the Yankees , starting in New York before the Giants moved to the West Coast . Before the institution of interleague play in 1997 , the two teams had little opportunity to play each other except in seven World Series : , , , , , and , the Yankees winning last five of the seven Series . The teams have met five times in regular season interleague play : In 2002 at the old Yankee Stadium , in 2007 at Oracle Park ( then known as AT&T Park ) , in 2013 and 2016 at the current Yankee Stadium , and in 2019 at Oracle Park . The teams next regular season meetings will occur in 2022 . In a September 2013 meeting , Yankees 3B Alex Rodriguez hit a grand slam , breaking Lou Gehrigs grand slam record . In his July 4 , 1939 farewell speech ending with the renowned Today , I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth , Yankee slugger Lou Gehrig , who played in 2,130 consecutive games , declared that the Giants were a team he would give his right arm to beat , and vice versa . Baseball Hall of Famers . As of 2012 , the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame has inducted 66 representatives of the Giants ( 55 players and 11 managers ) into the Hall of Fame , more than any other team in the history of baseball . Other . The following inducted members of the Hall of Fame played or managed for the Giants , but either played for the Giants and were inducted as a manager having never managed the Giants , or managed the Giants and were inducted as a player having never played for the Giants : - Cap Anson – inducted as player , managed Giants in 1898 . - Hughie Jennings – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1924 to 1925 . - Bill McKechnie – inducted as manager , played for Giants in 1916 . - Frank Robinson – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1981 to 1984 . - Casey Stengel – inducted as manager , played for Giants from 1921 to 1923 . Broadcasters Russ Hodges , Lon Simmons , and Jon Miller are permanently honored in the Halls Scribes & Mikemen exhibit as a result of winning the Ford C . Frick Award in 1980 , 2004 , and 2010 respectively . As with all Frick Award winners , none are officially recognized as an inducted member of the Hall of Fame . San Francisco Giants Wall of Famers . The Giants Wall of Fame recognizes retired players whose records stand highest among their teammates on the basis of longevity and achievements . Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants , or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant . Retired numbers . The Giants have retired 11 numbers in the history of the franchise , most recently Barry Bonds number 25 in 2018 . Of the Giants whose numbers have been retired , all but Bonds have been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame . In 1944 , Carl Hubbell ( #11 ) became the first National Leaguer to have his number retired by his team . Bill Terry ( #3 ) , Mel Ott ( #4 ) , and Hubbell played and/or managed their entire careers for the New York Giants . Willie Mays ( #24 ) began his career in New York , moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958 ; he did not play in most of 1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War . Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants , but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball . It was announced that the Giants will retire Will Clarks #22 on July 11 , 2020 but the ceremony was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic . Also honored . John McGraw ( 3B , 1902–06 ; manager , 1902–32 ) and Christy Mathewson ( P , 1900–16 ) , who were members of the New York Giants before the introduction of uniform numbers , have the letters NY displayed in place of a number . Broadcasters Lon Simmons ( 1958–73 , 1976–78 , 1996–2002 & 2006 ) , Russ Hodges ( 1949–70 ) , and Jon Miller ( 1997–current ) are each represented by an old-style radio microphone displayed in place of a number . The Giants present the Willie Mac Award annually to the player that best exemplifies the spirit and leadership shown by Willie McCovey throughout his career . Team captains . The Giants have had a number of captains over the years : - Jack Doyle 1902 - Dan McGann 1903–1907 - Larry Doyle 1908–1916 - Gus Mancuso 1937–1938 - Mel Ott 1939–1947 - Alvin Dark 1950–1956 - Willie Mays 1961–1972 - Willie McCovey 1977–1980 - Darrell Evans 1980–1983 - Jack Clark 1984 Season records . All-time regular season record : 11,194-9,718 ( .535 ) ( through 2020 season ) Minor league affiliations . The San Francisco Giants farm system consists of eight minor league affiliates . Radio and television . Giants television telecasts are split between NBC-owned KNTV ( broadcast ) and NBC Sports Bay Area ( cable ) . KNTVs broadcast contract with the Giants began in 2008 , one year after the team and KTVU mutually ended a relationship that dated to 1961 . Jon Miller regularly calls the action on KNTV , while the announcing team for NBCSBA telecasts is Mike Krukow and Duane Kuiper , affectionately known as Kruk and Kuip ( pronounced Kruke and Kype ) . During the 2016 season , the Giants had an average 4.71 rating and 117,000 viewers on primetime TV broadcasts . The Giants flagship radio station is KNBR ( 680 AM ) . KNBRs owner , Cumulus Media , is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP , the owner of the team . Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers . In addition to KNBR , the Giants can be heard throughout Northern California and parts of Nevada , Oregon , and Hawaii on the Giants Radio Network . When games are televised on KNTV , Kuiper replaces Miller on the radio , and Miller goes to television . Erwin Higueros and Tito Fuentes handle Spanish-language radio broadcasts on KXZM ( 93.7 FM ) . Home run call glitch . On May 28 , 2006 , Flemming called the 715th career home run of Barry Bonds , which moved Bonds into second on the all-time home run list . Unfortunately , the power from Flemmings microphone to the transmitter cut off while the ball was in flight , so the radio audience heard only crowd noise . Greg Papa took over the broadcast and apologized to listeners . Kuipers TV call was submitted to the Baseball Hall of Fame as an artifact , instead of the usual radio call . Fight song and other music . First used for Giants radio broadcasts on KSFO , the teams fight song Bye , Bye Baby ! is currently used following any Giants home run . The song is played in the stadium , and an instrumental version is played on telecasts when the inning in which the home run was hit concludes . The title and chorus Bye bye baby ! coming from famed former Giants broadcaster Russ Hodges , which was his home run call . Following a Giants home win , Tony Bennetts I Left My Heart in San Francisco is played in Oracle Park in celebration . If the Giants are leading after the 8th inning , they play Journeys Lights . If they are trailing , they play Journeys Dont Stop Believin .
|
[
"New York Giants"
] |
[
{
"text": " The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco . The Giants compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The franchise is one of the oldest and most successful in professional baseball , with more wins than any team in the history of major American sports . The team was the first major-league organization based in New York City , most memorably playing home games at several iterations of the Polo Grounds . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times , an NL record . In 2014 , the Giants won their then-record twenty-third National League pennant ; this mark has since been equaled and then eclipsed by the rival Dodgers , who as of 2020",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "lay claim to 24 NL crowns . The Giants eight World Series championships are second-most in the NL and fifth-most of any franchise .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The franchise won 14 pennants and five World Series championships while in New York , led by managers John McGraw , Bill Terry , and Leo Durocher . New York-era star players including Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , and Willie Mays join 63 other Giants in the Baseball Hall of Fame , the most of any franchise . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers , one of the longest-standing and most famed rivalries in American sports , began in New York and continued when both teams relocated to the West Coast in 1958 .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " Despite the efforts of Mays and Barry Bonds , regarded as two of baseballs all-time best players , the Giants endured a 56-year championships drought following the move west , a stretch that included three World Series losses . The streak ended in 2010 , which was followed by additional championships in 2012 and 2014 , making the Giants the second team in NL history to win three championships in five years . Through 2020 , the franchises all-time record is 11,194–9,718 ( ) .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season . During most of their 75 seasons in New York City , the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": "Numerous inductees of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum played for the New York Giants , including John McGraw , Mel Ott , Bill Terry , Willie Mays , Monte Irvin , and Travis Jackson . During the clubs tenure in New York , they produced five of the franchises eight World Series wins ( 1905 , 1921 , 1922 , 1933 , 1954 ) and 17 of its 23 National League pennants . Famous moments in the Giants New York history include the 1922 World Series , in which the Giants swept the Yankees in four games",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": ", the 1951 home run by New York Giants outfielder and third baseman Bobby Thomson known as the Shot Heard Round the World , and the defensive feat by Mays during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series known as the Catch .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants had intense rivalries with their fellow New York teams , the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers . The Giants faced the Yankees in six World Series and played the league rival Dodgers multiple times per season . Games between any two of these three teams were known collectively as the Subway Series . The Dodgers-Giants rivalry continues , as both teams moved to California after the 1957 season , with the Dodgers relocating to Los Angeles . The New York Giants of the National Football League are named after the team .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants , along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers , became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast . On April 15 , 1958 , the Giants played their first game in San Francisco , defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers , 8–0 . The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960 . The Giants played at Candlestick Park until 1999 , before opening Pacific Bell Park ( now known as Oracle Park ) in 2000 , where the Giants currently play .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco . They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009 . The Giants lost the 1962 World Series in seven games to the New York Yankees . The Giants were swept in the 1989 World Series by their cross-town rival Oakland Athletics , a series best known for the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake , which caused a 10-day delay between Games 2 and 3 . The Giants also lost the 2002 World Series to the Anaheim Angels . One of",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "the teams biggest highlights during this time was the 2001 season , in which OF Barry Bonds hit 73 home runs , breaking the record for most home runs in a season . In 2007 , Bonds would surpass Hank Aarons career record of 755 home runs . Bonds finished his career with 762 home runs ( 586 hit with the Giants ) , still the MLB record .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants won three World Series championships in 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 , giving the team eight total World Series titles , including the five won as the New York Giants . Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays , 1B Orlando Cepeda , P Juan Marichal , 1B Willie McCovey , and P Gaylord Perry .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers dates back to when the two teams were based in New York , as does their rivalry with the New York Yankees . The Dodger and Giants rivalry is one of the longest rivalries in sports history . Their rivalry with the Oakland Athletics dates back to when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia and played each other in the 1905 , 1911 , & 1913 World Series , and was renewed in 1968 when the Athletics moved from Kansas City and the teams again played",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": "each other in the earthquake-interrupted 1989 Bay Bridge World Series . The 2010 NLCS inaugurated a Giants rivalry with the Philadelphia Phillies after confrontations between Jonathan Sánchez and Chase Utley , and between Ramón Ramírez and Shane Victorino . However , with the Philadelphia Phillies dropping off as one of the premier teams of the National League , this rivalry has died down since 2010 and 2011 . Another rivalry that has intensified recently is with the St . Louis Cardinals , whom the team has faced 4 times in the NLCS .",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": " The rivalry between the New York Giants and Chicago Cubs in the early 20th century was once regarded as one of the most heated in baseball , with Merkles Boner leading to a 1908 season-ending matchup in New York of particular note . That historical rivalry was revisited when the Giants beat the Cubs in the 1989 NL playoffs , in their tiebreaker game in Chicago at the end of the 1998 season , and on June 6 , 2012 , in a Turn Back The Century game in which both teams wore replica 1912 uniforms .",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": " The Giants-Dodgers rivalry is one of the greatest and longest-standing rivalries in team sports , and has been regarded as the most intense in American baseball .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "The Giants-Dodgers feud began in the late 19th century when both clubs were based in New York City , with the Dodgers based in Brooklyn and the Giants playing at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan . After the 1957 season , Dodgers owner Walter OMalley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons . Along the way , he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham ( who was considering moving his team to Minnesota ) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well . New York baseball fans were",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "stunned and heartbroken by the move . Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic , cultural and political arenas , their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": " Both teams having endured for over a century while leaping across an entire continent , as well as the rivalrys growth from cross-city to cross-state , have led to its being considered one of the greatest in sports history .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has seen both teams enjoy periods of success at the expense of the other . While the Giants have more total wins , head-to-head wins , and World Series titles in their franchise histories , the Dodgers have won the National League West 11 more times than the Giants since the start of division play in 1969 . Both teams have made the postseason as a National League wild card twice . The Giants won their first world championship in California in 2010 , while the Dodgers won their last world title in 2020 . As of",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "the end of the 2020 baseball season , the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs , 6-3 , whereas in 20th-century New York , the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships , 5–1 . The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships , overall .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series , nicknamed the Battle of the Bay , which Oakland swept ( and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco ) . In addition , the introduction of interleague play in 1997 has pitted the two teams against each other for usually six games every season since 1997 , three in each city ( but only four in 2013 , two in each city ) . Before 1997 , they played each",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "other only in Cactus League spring training . Their interleague play wins and losses ( 63–57 in favor of the As ) have been fairly evenly divided despite differences in league , style of play , stadium , payroll , fan base stereotypes , media coverage and World Series records , all of which have heightened the rivalry in recent years . The intensity of the rivalry and how it is understood varies among Bay Area fans . As fans generally view the Giants as a hated rival , while Giants fans generally view the As as a friendly rival",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "much lower on the scale . This is most likely due to the As lack of a historical rival , while the Giants have their heated rivalry with the Dodgers . Some Bay Area fans are fans of both teams . The split hats that feature the logos of both teams best embodies the shared fan base . Other Bay Area fans view the competition between the two teams as a friendly rivalry , with little actual hatred compared to similar ones such as the Subway Series ( New York Mets vs . New York Yankees ) , the Red",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "Line Series ( Chicago Cubs vs . Chicago White Sox ) and the Freeway Series ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs . Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ) .",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "The Giants and As enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century before the Yankees began to dominate after the acquisition of Babe Ruth in 1920 , when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia . The teams were managed by legendary leaders John McGraw and Connie Mack , who were considered not only friendly rivals but the premier managers during that era , especially in view of their longevity ( Mack for 50 years , McGraw for 30 ) since both were majority owners . Each team played in five of",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "the first 15 World Series ( tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period ) . As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia As , they met in three World Series , with the Giants winning in and the As in & . After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland As , they met in a fourth Series in resulting in the As last world championship ( as of 2018 ) .",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "Though in different leagues , the Giants have also been historical rivals of the Yankees , starting in New York before the Giants moved to the West Coast . Before the institution of interleague play in 1997 , the two teams had little opportunity to play each other except in seven World Series : , , , , , and , the Yankees winning last five of the seven Series . The teams have met five times in regular season interleague play : In 2002 at the old Yankee Stadium , in 2007 at Oracle Park ( then known as",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": "AT&T Park ) , in 2013 and 2016 at the current Yankee Stadium , and in 2019 at Oracle Park . The teams next regular season meetings will occur in 2022 .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": " In a September 2013 meeting , Yankees 3B Alex Rodriguez hit a grand slam , breaking Lou Gehrigs grand slam record . In his July 4 , 1939 farewell speech ending with the renowned Today , I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth , Yankee slugger Lou Gehrig , who played in 2,130 consecutive games , declared that the Giants were a team he would give his right arm to beat , and vice versa . Baseball Hall of Famers .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": "As of 2012 , the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame has inducted 66 representatives of the Giants ( 55 players and 11 managers ) into the Hall of Fame , more than any other team in the history of baseball .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": " The following inducted members of the Hall of Fame played or managed for the Giants , but either played for the Giants and were inducted as a manager having never managed the Giants , or managed the Giants and were inducted as a player having never played for the Giants : - Cap Anson – inducted as player , managed Giants in 1898 . - Hughie Jennings – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1924 to 1925 . - Bill McKechnie – inducted as manager , played for Giants in 1916 .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": "- Frank Robinson – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1981 to 1984 .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " - Casey Stengel – inducted as manager , played for Giants from 1921 to 1923 . Broadcasters Russ Hodges , Lon Simmons , and Jon Miller are permanently honored in the Halls Scribes & Mikemen exhibit as a result of winning the Ford C . Frick Award in 1980 , 2004 , and 2010 respectively . As with all Frick Award winners , none are officially recognized as an inducted member of the Hall of Fame . San Francisco Giants Wall of Famers .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": "The Giants Wall of Fame recognizes retired players whose records stand highest among their teammates on the basis of longevity and achievements .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants , or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " The Giants have retired 11 numbers in the history of the franchise , most recently Barry Bonds number 25 in 2018 .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": "Of the Giants whose numbers have been retired , all but Bonds have been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame . In 1944 , Carl Hubbell ( #11 ) became the first National Leaguer to have his number retired by his team . Bill Terry ( #3 ) , Mel Ott ( #4 ) , and Hubbell played and/or managed their entire careers for the New York Giants . Willie Mays ( #24 ) began his career in New York , moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958 ; he did not play in most of",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": "1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War . Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants , but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": " It was announced that the Giants will retire Will Clarks #22 on July 11 , 2020 but the ceremony was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": " John McGraw ( 3B , 1902–06 ; manager , 1902–32 ) and Christy Mathewson ( P , 1900–16 ) , who were members of the New York Giants before the introduction of uniform numbers , have the letters NY displayed in place of a number . Broadcasters Lon Simmons ( 1958–73 , 1976–78 , 1996–2002 & 2006 ) , Russ Hodges ( 1949–70 ) , and Jon Miller ( 1997–current ) are each represented by an old-style radio microphone displayed in place of a number .",
"title": "Also honored"
},
{
"text": "The Giants present the Willie Mac Award annually to the player that best exemplifies the spirit and leadership shown by Willie McCovey throughout his career .",
"title": "Also honored"
},
{
"text": " The Giants have had a number of captains over the years : - Jack Doyle 1902 - Dan McGann 1903–1907 - Larry Doyle 1908–1916 - Gus Mancuso 1937–1938 - Mel Ott 1939–1947 - Alvin Dark 1950–1956 - Willie Mays 1961–1972 - Willie McCovey 1977–1980 - Darrell Evans 1980–1983 - Jack Clark 1984",
"title": "Team captains"
},
{
"text": "Giants television telecasts are split between NBC-owned KNTV ( broadcast ) and NBC Sports Bay Area ( cable ) . KNTVs broadcast contract with the Giants began in 2008 , one year after the team and KTVU mutually ended a relationship that dated to 1961 . Jon Miller regularly calls the action on KNTV , while the announcing team for NBCSBA telecasts is Mike Krukow and Duane Kuiper , affectionately known as Kruk and Kuip ( pronounced Kruke and Kype ) . During the 2016 season , the Giants had an average 4.71 rating and 117,000 viewers on primetime TV",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "broadcasts .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "The Giants flagship radio station is KNBR ( 680 AM ) . KNBRs owner , Cumulus Media , is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP , the owner of the team . Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers . In addition to KNBR , the Giants can be heard throughout Northern California and parts of Nevada , Oregon , and Hawaii on the Giants Radio Network . When games are televised on KNTV , Kuiper replaces Miller on the radio , and Miller goes to television . Erwin Higueros and Tito Fuentes handle",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Spanish-language radio broadcasts on KXZM ( 93.7 FM ) .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " Home run call glitch . On May 28 , 2006 , Flemming called the 715th career home run of Barry Bonds , which moved Bonds into second on the all-time home run list . Unfortunately , the power from Flemmings microphone to the transmitter cut off while the ball was in flight , so the radio audience heard only crowd noise . Greg Papa took over the broadcast and apologized to listeners . Kuipers TV call was submitted to the Baseball Hall of Fame as an artifact , instead of the usual radio call .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Fight song and other music .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " First used for Giants radio broadcasts on KSFO , the teams fight song Bye , Bye Baby ! is currently used following any Giants home run . The song is played in the stadium , and an instrumental version is played on telecasts when the inning in which the home run was hit concludes . The title and chorus Bye bye baby ! coming from famed former Giants broadcaster Russ Hodges , which was his home run call .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Following a Giants home win , Tony Bennetts I Left My Heart in San Francisco is played in Oracle Park in celebration .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " If the Giants are leading after the 8th inning , they play Journeys Lights . If they are trailing , they play Journeys Dont Stop Believin .",
"title": "Radio and television"
}
] |
/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants#P1448#2
|
What was the official name of San Francisco Giants in Jul 1958?
|
San Francisco Giants The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco . The Giants compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 . The franchise is one of the oldest and most successful in professional baseball , with more wins than any team in the history of major American sports . The team was the first major-league organization based in New York City , most memorably playing home games at several iterations of the Polo Grounds . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times , an NL record . In 2014 , the Giants won their then-record twenty-third National League pennant ; this mark has since been equaled and then eclipsed by the rival Dodgers , who as of 2020 lay claim to 24 NL crowns . The Giants eight World Series championships are second-most in the NL and fifth-most of any franchise . The franchise won 14 pennants and five World Series championships while in New York , led by managers John McGraw , Bill Terry , and Leo Durocher . New York-era star players including Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , and Willie Mays join 63 other Giants in the Baseball Hall of Fame , the most of any franchise . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers , one of the longest-standing and most famed rivalries in American sports , began in New York and continued when both teams relocated to the West Coast in 1958 . Despite the efforts of Mays and Barry Bonds , regarded as two of baseballs all-time best players , the Giants endured a 56-year championships drought following the move west , a stretch that included three World Series losses . The streak ended in 2010 , which was followed by additional championships in 2012 and 2014 , making the Giants the second team in NL history to win three championships in five years . Through 2020 , the franchises all-time record is 11,194–9,718 ( ) . Franchise history . New York Giants . The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season . During most of their 75 seasons in New York City , the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan . Numerous inductees of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum played for the New York Giants , including John McGraw , Mel Ott , Bill Terry , Willie Mays , Monte Irvin , and Travis Jackson . During the clubs tenure in New York , they produced five of the franchises eight World Series wins ( 1905 , 1921 , 1922 , 1933 , 1954 ) and 17 of its 23 National League pennants . Famous moments in the Giants New York history include the 1922 World Series , in which the Giants swept the Yankees in four games , the 1951 home run by New York Giants outfielder and third baseman Bobby Thomson known as the Shot Heard Round the World , and the defensive feat by Mays during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series known as the Catch . The Giants had intense rivalries with their fellow New York teams , the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers . The Giants faced the Yankees in six World Series and played the league rival Dodgers multiple times per season . Games between any two of these three teams were known collectively as the Subway Series . The Dodgers-Giants rivalry continues , as both teams moved to California after the 1957 season , with the Dodgers relocating to Los Angeles . The New York Giants of the National Football League are named after the team . San Francisco Giants . The Giants , along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers , became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast . On April 15 , 1958 , the Giants played their first game in San Francisco , defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers , 8–0 . The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960 . The Giants played at Candlestick Park until 1999 , before opening Pacific Bell Park ( now known as Oracle Park ) in 2000 , where the Giants currently play . The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco . They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009 . The Giants lost the 1962 World Series in seven games to the New York Yankees . The Giants were swept in the 1989 World Series by their cross-town rival Oakland Athletics , a series best known for the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake , which caused a 10-day delay between Games 2 and 3 . The Giants also lost the 2002 World Series to the Anaheim Angels . One of the teams biggest highlights during this time was the 2001 season , in which OF Barry Bonds hit 73 home runs , breaking the record for most home runs in a season . In 2007 , Bonds would surpass Hank Aarons career record of 755 home runs . Bonds finished his career with 762 home runs ( 586 hit with the Giants ) , still the MLB record . The Giants won three World Series championships in 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 , giving the team eight total World Series titles , including the five won as the New York Giants . Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays , 1B Orlando Cepeda , P Juan Marichal , 1B Willie McCovey , and P Gaylord Perry . Rivalries . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers dates back to when the two teams were based in New York , as does their rivalry with the New York Yankees . The Dodger and Giants rivalry is one of the longest rivalries in sports history . Their rivalry with the Oakland Athletics dates back to when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia and played each other in the 1905 , 1911 , & 1913 World Series , and was renewed in 1968 when the Athletics moved from Kansas City and the teams again played each other in the earthquake-interrupted 1989 Bay Bridge World Series . The 2010 NLCS inaugurated a Giants rivalry with the Philadelphia Phillies after confrontations between Jonathan Sánchez and Chase Utley , and between Ramón Ramírez and Shane Victorino . However , with the Philadelphia Phillies dropping off as one of the premier teams of the National League , this rivalry has died down since 2010 and 2011 . Another rivalry that has intensified recently is with the St . Louis Cardinals , whom the team has faced 4 times in the NLCS . The rivalry between the New York Giants and Chicago Cubs in the early 20th century was once regarded as one of the most heated in baseball , with Merkles Boner leading to a 1908 season-ending matchup in New York of particular note . That historical rivalry was revisited when the Giants beat the Cubs in the 1989 NL playoffs , in their tiebreaker game in Chicago at the end of the 1998 season , and on June 6 , 2012 , in a Turn Back The Century game in which both teams wore replica 1912 uniforms . Los Angeles Dodgers . The Giants-Dodgers rivalry is one of the greatest and longest-standing rivalries in team sports , and has been regarded as the most intense in American baseball . The Giants-Dodgers feud began in the late 19th century when both clubs were based in New York City , with the Dodgers based in Brooklyn and the Giants playing at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan . After the 1957 season , Dodgers owner Walter OMalley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons . Along the way , he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham ( who was considering moving his team to Minnesota ) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well . New York baseball fans were stunned and heartbroken by the move . Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic , cultural and political arenas , their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry . Both teams having endured for over a century while leaping across an entire continent , as well as the rivalrys growth from cross-city to cross-state , have led to its being considered one of the greatest in sports history . The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has seen both teams enjoy periods of success at the expense of the other . While the Giants have more total wins , head-to-head wins , and World Series titles in their franchise histories , the Dodgers have won the National League West 11 more times than the Giants since the start of division play in 1969 . Both teams have made the postseason as a National League wild card twice . The Giants won their first world championship in California in 2010 , while the Dodgers won their last world title in 2020 . As of the end of the 2020 baseball season , the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs , 6-3 , whereas in 20th-century New York , the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships , 5–1 . The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships , overall . Oakland Athletics . A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series , nicknamed the Battle of the Bay , which Oakland swept ( and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco ) . In addition , the introduction of interleague play in 1997 has pitted the two teams against each other for usually six games every season since 1997 , three in each city ( but only four in 2013 , two in each city ) . Before 1997 , they played each other only in Cactus League spring training . Their interleague play wins and losses ( 63–57 in favor of the As ) have been fairly evenly divided despite differences in league , style of play , stadium , payroll , fan base stereotypes , media coverage and World Series records , all of which have heightened the rivalry in recent years . The intensity of the rivalry and how it is understood varies among Bay Area fans . As fans generally view the Giants as a hated rival , while Giants fans generally view the As as a friendly rival much lower on the scale . This is most likely due to the As lack of a historical rival , while the Giants have their heated rivalry with the Dodgers . Some Bay Area fans are fans of both teams . The split hats that feature the logos of both teams best embodies the shared fan base . Other Bay Area fans view the competition between the two teams as a friendly rivalry , with little actual hatred compared to similar ones such as the Subway Series ( New York Mets vs . New York Yankees ) , the Red Line Series ( Chicago Cubs vs . Chicago White Sox ) and the Freeway Series ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs . Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ) . The Giants and As enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century before the Yankees began to dominate after the acquisition of Babe Ruth in 1920 , when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia . The teams were managed by legendary leaders John McGraw and Connie Mack , who were considered not only friendly rivals but the premier managers during that era , especially in view of their longevity ( Mack for 50 years , McGraw for 30 ) since both were majority owners . Each team played in five of the first 15 World Series ( tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period ) . As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia As , they met in three World Series , with the Giants winning in and the As in & . After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland As , they met in a fourth Series in resulting in the As last world championship ( as of 2018 ) . Historical rivalry . New York Yankees . Though in different leagues , the Giants have also been historical rivals of the Yankees , starting in New York before the Giants moved to the West Coast . Before the institution of interleague play in 1997 , the two teams had little opportunity to play each other except in seven World Series : , , , , , and , the Yankees winning last five of the seven Series . The teams have met five times in regular season interleague play : In 2002 at the old Yankee Stadium , in 2007 at Oracle Park ( then known as AT&T Park ) , in 2013 and 2016 at the current Yankee Stadium , and in 2019 at Oracle Park . The teams next regular season meetings will occur in 2022 . In a September 2013 meeting , Yankees 3B Alex Rodriguez hit a grand slam , breaking Lou Gehrigs grand slam record . In his July 4 , 1939 farewell speech ending with the renowned Today , I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth , Yankee slugger Lou Gehrig , who played in 2,130 consecutive games , declared that the Giants were a team he would give his right arm to beat , and vice versa . Baseball Hall of Famers . As of 2012 , the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame has inducted 66 representatives of the Giants ( 55 players and 11 managers ) into the Hall of Fame , more than any other team in the history of baseball . Other . The following inducted members of the Hall of Fame played or managed for the Giants , but either played for the Giants and were inducted as a manager having never managed the Giants , or managed the Giants and were inducted as a player having never played for the Giants : - Cap Anson – inducted as player , managed Giants in 1898 . - Hughie Jennings – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1924 to 1925 . - Bill McKechnie – inducted as manager , played for Giants in 1916 . - Frank Robinson – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1981 to 1984 . - Casey Stengel – inducted as manager , played for Giants from 1921 to 1923 . Broadcasters Russ Hodges , Lon Simmons , and Jon Miller are permanently honored in the Halls Scribes & Mikemen exhibit as a result of winning the Ford C . Frick Award in 1980 , 2004 , and 2010 respectively . As with all Frick Award winners , none are officially recognized as an inducted member of the Hall of Fame . San Francisco Giants Wall of Famers . The Giants Wall of Fame recognizes retired players whose records stand highest among their teammates on the basis of longevity and achievements . Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants , or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant . Retired numbers . The Giants have retired 11 numbers in the history of the franchise , most recently Barry Bonds number 25 in 2018 . Of the Giants whose numbers have been retired , all but Bonds have been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame . In 1944 , Carl Hubbell ( #11 ) became the first National Leaguer to have his number retired by his team . Bill Terry ( #3 ) , Mel Ott ( #4 ) , and Hubbell played and/or managed their entire careers for the New York Giants . Willie Mays ( #24 ) began his career in New York , moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958 ; he did not play in most of 1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War . Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants , but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball . It was announced that the Giants will retire Will Clarks #22 on July 11 , 2020 but the ceremony was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic . Also honored . John McGraw ( 3B , 1902–06 ; manager , 1902–32 ) and Christy Mathewson ( P , 1900–16 ) , who were members of the New York Giants before the introduction of uniform numbers , have the letters NY displayed in place of a number . Broadcasters Lon Simmons ( 1958–73 , 1976–78 , 1996–2002 & 2006 ) , Russ Hodges ( 1949–70 ) , and Jon Miller ( 1997–current ) are each represented by an old-style radio microphone displayed in place of a number . The Giants present the Willie Mac Award annually to the player that best exemplifies the spirit and leadership shown by Willie McCovey throughout his career . Team captains . The Giants have had a number of captains over the years : - Jack Doyle 1902 - Dan McGann 1903–1907 - Larry Doyle 1908–1916 - Gus Mancuso 1937–1938 - Mel Ott 1939–1947 - Alvin Dark 1950–1956 - Willie Mays 1961–1972 - Willie McCovey 1977–1980 - Darrell Evans 1980–1983 - Jack Clark 1984 Season records . All-time regular season record : 11,194-9,718 ( .535 ) ( through 2020 season ) Minor league affiliations . The San Francisco Giants farm system consists of eight minor league affiliates . Radio and television . Giants television telecasts are split between NBC-owned KNTV ( broadcast ) and NBC Sports Bay Area ( cable ) . KNTVs broadcast contract with the Giants began in 2008 , one year after the team and KTVU mutually ended a relationship that dated to 1961 . Jon Miller regularly calls the action on KNTV , while the announcing team for NBCSBA telecasts is Mike Krukow and Duane Kuiper , affectionately known as Kruk and Kuip ( pronounced Kruke and Kype ) . During the 2016 season , the Giants had an average 4.71 rating and 117,000 viewers on primetime TV broadcasts . The Giants flagship radio station is KNBR ( 680 AM ) . KNBRs owner , Cumulus Media , is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP , the owner of the team . Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers . In addition to KNBR , the Giants can be heard throughout Northern California and parts of Nevada , Oregon , and Hawaii on the Giants Radio Network . When games are televised on KNTV , Kuiper replaces Miller on the radio , and Miller goes to television . Erwin Higueros and Tito Fuentes handle Spanish-language radio broadcasts on KXZM ( 93.7 FM ) . Home run call glitch . On May 28 , 2006 , Flemming called the 715th career home run of Barry Bonds , which moved Bonds into second on the all-time home run list . Unfortunately , the power from Flemmings microphone to the transmitter cut off while the ball was in flight , so the radio audience heard only crowd noise . Greg Papa took over the broadcast and apologized to listeners . Kuipers TV call was submitted to the Baseball Hall of Fame as an artifact , instead of the usual radio call . Fight song and other music . First used for Giants radio broadcasts on KSFO , the teams fight song Bye , Bye Baby ! is currently used following any Giants home run . The song is played in the stadium , and an instrumental version is played on telecasts when the inning in which the home run was hit concludes . The title and chorus Bye bye baby ! coming from famed former Giants broadcaster Russ Hodges , which was his home run call . Following a Giants home win , Tony Bennetts I Left My Heart in San Francisco is played in Oracle Park in celebration . If the Giants are leading after the 8th inning , they play Journeys Lights . If they are trailing , they play Journeys Dont Stop Believin .
|
[
"San Francisco Giants"
] |
[
{
"text": " The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco . The Giants compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The franchise is one of the oldest and most successful in professional baseball , with more wins than any team in the history of major American sports . The team was the first major-league organization based in New York City , most memorably playing home games at several iterations of the Polo Grounds . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times , an NL record . In 2014 , the Giants won their then-record twenty-third National League pennant ; this mark has since been equaled and then eclipsed by the rival Dodgers , who as of 2020",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "lay claim to 24 NL crowns . The Giants eight World Series championships are second-most in the NL and fifth-most of any franchise .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The franchise won 14 pennants and five World Series championships while in New York , led by managers John McGraw , Bill Terry , and Leo Durocher . New York-era star players including Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , and Willie Mays join 63 other Giants in the Baseball Hall of Fame , the most of any franchise . The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers , one of the longest-standing and most famed rivalries in American sports , began in New York and continued when both teams relocated to the West Coast in 1958 .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " Despite the efforts of Mays and Barry Bonds , regarded as two of baseballs all-time best players , the Giants endured a 56-year championships drought following the move west , a stretch that included three World Series losses . The streak ended in 2010 , which was followed by additional championships in 2012 and 2014 , making the Giants the second team in NL history to win three championships in five years . Through 2020 , the franchises all-time record is 11,194–9,718 ( ) .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season . During most of their 75 seasons in New York City , the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": "Numerous inductees of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum played for the New York Giants , including John McGraw , Mel Ott , Bill Terry , Willie Mays , Monte Irvin , and Travis Jackson . During the clubs tenure in New York , they produced five of the franchises eight World Series wins ( 1905 , 1921 , 1922 , 1933 , 1954 ) and 17 of its 23 National League pennants . Famous moments in the Giants New York history include the 1922 World Series , in which the Giants swept the Yankees in four games",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": ", the 1951 home run by New York Giants outfielder and third baseman Bobby Thomson known as the Shot Heard Round the World , and the defensive feat by Mays during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series known as the Catch .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants had intense rivalries with their fellow New York teams , the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers . The Giants faced the Yankees in six World Series and played the league rival Dodgers multiple times per season . Games between any two of these three teams were known collectively as the Subway Series . The Dodgers-Giants rivalry continues , as both teams moved to California after the 1957 season , with the Dodgers relocating to Los Angeles . The New York Giants of the National Football League are named after the team .",
"title": "New York Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants , along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers , became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast . On April 15 , 1958 , the Giants played their first game in San Francisco , defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers , 8–0 . The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960 . The Giants played at Candlestick Park until 1999 , before opening Pacific Bell Park ( now known as Oracle Park ) in 2000 , where the Giants currently play .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco . They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009 . The Giants lost the 1962 World Series in seven games to the New York Yankees . The Giants were swept in the 1989 World Series by their cross-town rival Oakland Athletics , a series best known for the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake , which caused a 10-day delay between Games 2 and 3 . The Giants also lost the 2002 World Series to the Anaheim Angels . One of",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "the teams biggest highlights during this time was the 2001 season , in which OF Barry Bonds hit 73 home runs , breaking the record for most home runs in a season . In 2007 , Bonds would surpass Hank Aarons career record of 755 home runs . Bonds finished his career with 762 home runs ( 586 hit with the Giants ) , still the MLB record .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": " The Giants won three World Series championships in 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 , giving the team eight total World Series titles , including the five won as the New York Giants . Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays , 1B Orlando Cepeda , P Juan Marichal , 1B Willie McCovey , and P Gaylord Perry .",
"title": "San Francisco Giants"
},
{
"text": "The Giants rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers dates back to when the two teams were based in New York , as does their rivalry with the New York Yankees . The Dodger and Giants rivalry is one of the longest rivalries in sports history . Their rivalry with the Oakland Athletics dates back to when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia and played each other in the 1905 , 1911 , & 1913 World Series , and was renewed in 1968 when the Athletics moved from Kansas City and the teams again played",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": "each other in the earthquake-interrupted 1989 Bay Bridge World Series . The 2010 NLCS inaugurated a Giants rivalry with the Philadelphia Phillies after confrontations between Jonathan Sánchez and Chase Utley , and between Ramón Ramírez and Shane Victorino . However , with the Philadelphia Phillies dropping off as one of the premier teams of the National League , this rivalry has died down since 2010 and 2011 . Another rivalry that has intensified recently is with the St . Louis Cardinals , whom the team has faced 4 times in the NLCS .",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": " The rivalry between the New York Giants and Chicago Cubs in the early 20th century was once regarded as one of the most heated in baseball , with Merkles Boner leading to a 1908 season-ending matchup in New York of particular note . That historical rivalry was revisited when the Giants beat the Cubs in the 1989 NL playoffs , in their tiebreaker game in Chicago at the end of the 1998 season , and on June 6 , 2012 , in a Turn Back The Century game in which both teams wore replica 1912 uniforms .",
"title": "Rivalries"
},
{
"text": " The Giants-Dodgers rivalry is one of the greatest and longest-standing rivalries in team sports , and has been regarded as the most intense in American baseball .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "The Giants-Dodgers feud began in the late 19th century when both clubs were based in New York City , with the Dodgers based in Brooklyn and the Giants playing at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan . After the 1957 season , Dodgers owner Walter OMalley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons . Along the way , he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham ( who was considering moving his team to Minnesota ) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well . New York baseball fans were",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "stunned and heartbroken by the move . Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic , cultural and political arenas , their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": " Both teams having endured for over a century while leaping across an entire continent , as well as the rivalrys growth from cross-city to cross-state , have led to its being considered one of the greatest in sports history .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has seen both teams enjoy periods of success at the expense of the other . While the Giants have more total wins , head-to-head wins , and World Series titles in their franchise histories , the Dodgers have won the National League West 11 more times than the Giants since the start of division play in 1969 . Both teams have made the postseason as a National League wild card twice . The Giants won their first world championship in California in 2010 , while the Dodgers won their last world title in 2020 . As of",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "the end of the 2020 baseball season , the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs , 6-3 , whereas in 20th-century New York , the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships , 5–1 . The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships , overall .",
"title": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"text": "A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series , nicknamed the Battle of the Bay , which Oakland swept ( and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco ) . In addition , the introduction of interleague play in 1997 has pitted the two teams against each other for usually six games every season since 1997 , three in each city ( but only four in 2013 , two in each city ) . Before 1997 , they played each",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "other only in Cactus League spring training . Their interleague play wins and losses ( 63–57 in favor of the As ) have been fairly evenly divided despite differences in league , style of play , stadium , payroll , fan base stereotypes , media coverage and World Series records , all of which have heightened the rivalry in recent years . The intensity of the rivalry and how it is understood varies among Bay Area fans . As fans generally view the Giants as a hated rival , while Giants fans generally view the As as a friendly rival",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "much lower on the scale . This is most likely due to the As lack of a historical rival , while the Giants have their heated rivalry with the Dodgers . Some Bay Area fans are fans of both teams . The split hats that feature the logos of both teams best embodies the shared fan base . Other Bay Area fans view the competition between the two teams as a friendly rivalry , with little actual hatred compared to similar ones such as the Subway Series ( New York Mets vs . New York Yankees ) , the Red",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "Line Series ( Chicago Cubs vs . Chicago White Sox ) and the Freeway Series ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs . Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ) .",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "The Giants and As enjoyed a limited rivalry at the start of the 20th century before the Yankees began to dominate after the acquisition of Babe Ruth in 1920 , when the Giants were in New York and the As were in Philadelphia . The teams were managed by legendary leaders John McGraw and Connie Mack , who were considered not only friendly rivals but the premier managers during that era , especially in view of their longevity ( Mack for 50 years , McGraw for 30 ) since both were majority owners . Each team played in five of",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "the first 15 World Series ( tying them with the Red Sox and Cubs for most World Series appearances during that time period ) . As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia As , they met in three World Series , with the Giants winning in and the As in & . After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland As , they met in a fourth Series in resulting in the As last world championship ( as of 2018 ) .",
"title": "Oakland Athletics"
},
{
"text": "Though in different leagues , the Giants have also been historical rivals of the Yankees , starting in New York before the Giants moved to the West Coast . Before the institution of interleague play in 1997 , the two teams had little opportunity to play each other except in seven World Series : , , , , , and , the Yankees winning last five of the seven Series . The teams have met five times in regular season interleague play : In 2002 at the old Yankee Stadium , in 2007 at Oracle Park ( then known as",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": "AT&T Park ) , in 2013 and 2016 at the current Yankee Stadium , and in 2019 at Oracle Park . The teams next regular season meetings will occur in 2022 .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": " In a September 2013 meeting , Yankees 3B Alex Rodriguez hit a grand slam , breaking Lou Gehrigs grand slam record . In his July 4 , 1939 farewell speech ending with the renowned Today , I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth , Yankee slugger Lou Gehrig , who played in 2,130 consecutive games , declared that the Giants were a team he would give his right arm to beat , and vice versa . Baseball Hall of Famers .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": "As of 2012 , the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame has inducted 66 representatives of the Giants ( 55 players and 11 managers ) into the Hall of Fame , more than any other team in the history of baseball .",
"title": "New York Yankees"
},
{
"text": " The following inducted members of the Hall of Fame played or managed for the Giants , but either played for the Giants and were inducted as a manager having never managed the Giants , or managed the Giants and were inducted as a player having never played for the Giants : - Cap Anson – inducted as player , managed Giants in 1898 . - Hughie Jennings – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1924 to 1925 . - Bill McKechnie – inducted as manager , played for Giants in 1916 .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": "- Frank Robinson – inducted as player , managed Giants from 1981 to 1984 .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " - Casey Stengel – inducted as manager , played for Giants from 1921 to 1923 . Broadcasters Russ Hodges , Lon Simmons , and Jon Miller are permanently honored in the Halls Scribes & Mikemen exhibit as a result of winning the Ford C . Frick Award in 1980 , 2004 , and 2010 respectively . As with all Frick Award winners , none are officially recognized as an inducted member of the Hall of Fame . San Francisco Giants Wall of Famers .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": "The Giants Wall of Fame recognizes retired players whose records stand highest among their teammates on the basis of longevity and achievements .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants , or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant .",
"title": "Other"
},
{
"text": " The Giants have retired 11 numbers in the history of the franchise , most recently Barry Bonds number 25 in 2018 .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": "Of the Giants whose numbers have been retired , all but Bonds have been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame . In 1944 , Carl Hubbell ( #11 ) became the first National Leaguer to have his number retired by his team . Bill Terry ( #3 ) , Mel Ott ( #4 ) , and Hubbell played and/or managed their entire careers for the New York Giants . Willie Mays ( #24 ) began his career in New York , moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958 ; he did not play in most of",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": "1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War . Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants , but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": " It was announced that the Giants will retire Will Clarks #22 on July 11 , 2020 but the ceremony was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic .",
"title": "Retired numbers"
},
{
"text": " John McGraw ( 3B , 1902–06 ; manager , 1902–32 ) and Christy Mathewson ( P , 1900–16 ) , who were members of the New York Giants before the introduction of uniform numbers , have the letters NY displayed in place of a number . Broadcasters Lon Simmons ( 1958–73 , 1976–78 , 1996–2002 & 2006 ) , Russ Hodges ( 1949–70 ) , and Jon Miller ( 1997–current ) are each represented by an old-style radio microphone displayed in place of a number .",
"title": "Also honored"
},
{
"text": "The Giants present the Willie Mac Award annually to the player that best exemplifies the spirit and leadership shown by Willie McCovey throughout his career .",
"title": "Also honored"
},
{
"text": " The Giants have had a number of captains over the years : - Jack Doyle 1902 - Dan McGann 1903–1907 - Larry Doyle 1908–1916 - Gus Mancuso 1937–1938 - Mel Ott 1939–1947 - Alvin Dark 1950–1956 - Willie Mays 1961–1972 - Willie McCovey 1977–1980 - Darrell Evans 1980–1983 - Jack Clark 1984",
"title": "Team captains"
},
{
"text": "Giants television telecasts are split between NBC-owned KNTV ( broadcast ) and NBC Sports Bay Area ( cable ) . KNTVs broadcast contract with the Giants began in 2008 , one year after the team and KTVU mutually ended a relationship that dated to 1961 . Jon Miller regularly calls the action on KNTV , while the announcing team for NBCSBA telecasts is Mike Krukow and Duane Kuiper , affectionately known as Kruk and Kuip ( pronounced Kruke and Kype ) . During the 2016 season , the Giants had an average 4.71 rating and 117,000 viewers on primetime TV",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "broadcasts .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "The Giants flagship radio station is KNBR ( 680 AM ) . KNBRs owner , Cumulus Media , is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP , the owner of the team . Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers . In addition to KNBR , the Giants can be heard throughout Northern California and parts of Nevada , Oregon , and Hawaii on the Giants Radio Network . When games are televised on KNTV , Kuiper replaces Miller on the radio , and Miller goes to television . Erwin Higueros and Tito Fuentes handle",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Spanish-language radio broadcasts on KXZM ( 93.7 FM ) .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " Home run call glitch . On May 28 , 2006 , Flemming called the 715th career home run of Barry Bonds , which moved Bonds into second on the all-time home run list . Unfortunately , the power from Flemmings microphone to the transmitter cut off while the ball was in flight , so the radio audience heard only crowd noise . Greg Papa took over the broadcast and apologized to listeners . Kuipers TV call was submitted to the Baseball Hall of Fame as an artifact , instead of the usual radio call .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Fight song and other music .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " First used for Giants radio broadcasts on KSFO , the teams fight song Bye , Bye Baby ! is currently used following any Giants home run . The song is played in the stadium , and an instrumental version is played on telecasts when the inning in which the home run was hit concludes . The title and chorus Bye bye baby ! coming from famed former Giants broadcaster Russ Hodges , which was his home run call .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": "Following a Giants home win , Tony Bennetts I Left My Heart in San Francisco is played in Oracle Park in celebration .",
"title": "Radio and television"
},
{
"text": " If the Giants are leading after the 8th inning , they play Journeys Lights . If they are trailing , they play Journeys Dont Stop Believin .",
"title": "Radio and television"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#0
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) before May 1580?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#1
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) in May 1619?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#2
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) between Nov 1659 and Dec 1667?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"Henri de Guénégaud"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#3
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) between Dec 1671 and Dec 1671?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"Anne-Marie Martinozzi"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#4
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) in early 1680s?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"Louis Armand"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#5
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) between Jun 1701 and Oct 1706?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"François-Louis de Bourbon"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#6
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) between May 1710 and Sep 1711?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"Louis Armand II de Bourbon"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/Hôtel_de_Nevers_(left_bank)#P127#7
|
Who was the owner of Hôtel de Nevers (left bank) between Apr 1734 and Sep 1745?
|
Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank ) The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 . Hôtel de Nevers . In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris . The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable , or possibly Thibaut Métezeau . The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked . Hôtel de Guénégaud . The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel . Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot . Hôtel de Conti . In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti . After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 . Bibliography . - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . . - Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .
|
[
"Louis François de Bourbon"
] |
[
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers , later the Hôtel de Guénégaud , then the Hôtel de Conti , was a French aristocratic townhouse ( hôtel particulier ) , which was located on the Quai de Nevers ( now the Quai de Conti ) , just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , although it was never completed as intended . The large north pavilion on",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank . The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers ( left bank )"
},
{
"text": "In 1572 Louis Gonzaga , Duke of Nevers , purchased from the French king , Charles IX , the Grand Nesle , an old townhouse located just east of the Tour de Nesle on the Left Bank of Paris . Nevers had it reconstructed around 1580 , after which it became known as the Hôtel de Nevers . Although never completed , the new hôtel was greatly admired by contemporaries . Nevers secretary , Blaise de Vigenère , a distinguished antiquarian and art historian , wrote that the house had a vault , built by Italian workmen , which was",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "more grand than the one at the Baths of Caracalla . Although De Vigenère likely overstated the size , it must have been very impressive and was an architectural feature that was new to Paris .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was a prominent early example in Paris of the brick-and-stone style developed in the Île-de-France in the middle of the 16th century . The large terminal pavilion on the river was similar in proportions to the Louvres Pavillon du Roi , readily visible , since it was almost directly north on the other side of the river . Although there is no documentation identifying the architect with certainty , the architectural historian David Thomson suggested Pierre Lescot or more likely Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau . Jean-Pierre Babelon agreed that Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau was probable ,",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "or possibly Thibaut Métezeau .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The corps de logis was laid out perpendicular to the river with its entrance to the west and a garden to the east . Because of problems acquiring land to the south ( where the city wall of Philippe Auguste still stood ) , only the north terminal pavilion , the central pavilion and the wing connecting them were constructed . This is evident in a 1648 ( or earlier ) drawing by Israel Silvestre with a view from the west and a 1637 painting by Abraham de Verwer . Near the beginning of the 17th century , Claude Chastillon",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "drew a view from the east , projecting how the completed hôtel would have looked .",
"title": "Hôtel de Nevers"
},
{
"text": "The Hôtel de Nevers was purchased in 1646 by Henri de Guénégaud , who in 1643 , during the regency of Anne of Austria under her first minister , Cardinal Mazarin , had become Secretary of State of the Navy , as well as Secretary of State of several regions of France ( including Paris ) , the Maison du Roi , and ecclesiastical affairs . Guénégaud had the architect François Mansart remodel the Hôtel de Nevers in 1648–1652 , and it became the Hôtel de Guénégaud . The rue Guénégaud was created on the garden side of the hôtel",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": ".",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " Mansart added additional wings on the entrance side , creating an entrance courtyard and a service courtyard to its south . His changes are clearly shown on the 1652 Gomboust map of Paris . The entrance façade , with a striking , rusticated porte-cochère , was engraved by Jean Marot .",
"title": "Hôtel de Guénégaud"
},
{
"text": " In 1669 , Henri de Guénégaud fell from favor and was replaced as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert . In 1670 Anne-Marie Martinozzi , Princesse de Conti , who was a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , exchanged her house on the Quai Malaquais , as well as her beautiful country house in Bouchet , for the Hôtel de Guénégaud . After the exchange , her old house on the Quai Malaquais became the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud , and her new house became the Hôtel de Conti . The Quai de Nevers was renamed Quai de Conti .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "After Anne-Maries death in 1672 , the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai de Conti passed to her son Louis Armand , who had become the Prince of Conti after his fathers death in 1666 . When Louis Armand died in 1685 , he had no descendants , so the title and the house passed to his brother François-Louis de Bourbon . The latters son , Louis Armand II de Bourbon , inherited the title and the house after his father died in 1709 , and after his death in 1727 , both were inherited by his son , Louis",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": "François de Bourbon . The latter sold it along with adjacent property in 1749 to form the site of a proposed new Hôtel de Ville , a project that was later abandoned . It was used as a garde-meuble ( a place for the storage of furniture ) for the king until 1768 , when authorization was given to build the new Monnaie , for which the first stone was laid in 1771 .",
"title": "Hôtel de Conti"
},
{
"text": " - Babelon , Jean-Pierre ( 1991 ) . Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII . Paris : Hazan . . - Braham , Allan ; Smith , Peter ( 1973 ) . François Mansart . London : A . Zwemmer . . - Gady , Alexandre ( 2008 ) . Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque . Paris : Parigramme . . - Mauban , André ( 1944 ) . Jean Marot : Architecte et Graveur Parisien . Paris : Les Éditions dArt et dHistoire . .",
"title": "Bibliography"
},
{
"text": "- Thomson , David ( 1984 ) . Renaissance Paris : Architecture and Growth 1475–1600 . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press . ( paperback edition ) .",
"title": "Bibliography"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Welsh_(English_footballer)#P54#0
|
Which team did the player John Welsh (English footballer) belong to between Feb 2001 and May 2003?
|
John Welsh ( English footballer ) John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers . Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship . Career . Liverpool . Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season . In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games . His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final match day squad . Hull City . After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 . However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months . Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United . In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 . Tranmere Rovers . In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season . Preston North End . In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 . Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player . Grimsby Town . Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg . Non-League . In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid . Honours . Preston North End - Football League One play-offs : 2015 External links . - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv
|
[
"Liverpool"
] |
[
{
"text": " John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": "Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": " Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "match day squad .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": " After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season .",
"title": "Tranmere Rovers"
},
{
"text": " In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": "Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": " Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg .",
"title": "Grimsby Town"
},
{
"text": " In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid .",
"title": "Non-League"
},
{
"text": " - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Welsh_(English_footballer)#P54#1
|
Which team did the player John Welsh (English footballer) belong to between Apr 2004 and Sep 2004?
|
John Welsh ( English footballer ) John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers . Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship . Career . Liverpool . Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season . In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games . His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final match day squad . Hull City . After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 . However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months . Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United . In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 . Tranmere Rovers . In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season . Preston North End . In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 . Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player . Grimsby Town . Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg . Non-League . In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid . Honours . Preston North End - Football League One play-offs : 2015 External links . - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv
|
[
""
] |
[
{
"text": " John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": "Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": " Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "match day squad .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": " After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season .",
"title": "Tranmere Rovers"
},
{
"text": " In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": "Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": " Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg .",
"title": "Grimsby Town"
},
{
"text": " In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid .",
"title": "Non-League"
},
{
"text": " - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Welsh_(English_footballer)#P54#2
|
Which team did the player John Welsh (English footballer) belong to in Mar 2005?
|
John Welsh ( English footballer ) John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers . Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship . Career . Liverpool . Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season . In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games . His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final match day squad . Hull City . After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 . However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months . Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United . In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 . Tranmere Rovers . In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season . Preston North End . In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 . Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player . Grimsby Town . Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg . Non-League . In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid . Honours . Preston North End - Football League One play-offs : 2015 External links . - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv
|
[
"Hull City"
] |
[
{
"text": " John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": "Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": " Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "match day squad .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": " After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season .",
"title": "Tranmere Rovers"
},
{
"text": " In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": "Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": " Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg .",
"title": "Grimsby Town"
},
{
"text": " In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid .",
"title": "Non-League"
},
{
"text": " - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
/wiki/John_Welsh_(English_footballer)#P54#3
|
Which team did the player John Welsh (English footballer) belong to in May 2010?
|
John Welsh ( English footballer ) John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers . Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship . Career . Liverpool . Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season . In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games . His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final match day squad . Hull City . After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 . However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months . Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United . In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 . Tranmere Rovers . In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season . Preston North End . In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 . Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player . Grimsby Town . Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg . Non-League . In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid . Honours . Preston North End - Football League One play-offs : 2015 External links . - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv
|
[
"Football League Two side Bury"
] |
[
{
"text": " John Joseph Welsh ( born 10 January 1984 in Liverpool ) is an English footballer who plays as midfielder for Stafford Rangers .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": "Welsh notably played in the Premier League for Liverpool , where he began his career before playing for Hull City , Chester City , Carlisle United , Bury , Tranmere Rovers and Grimsby Town . In 2019 he dropped down to play at semi-professional level with Atherton Collieries . He was captain of the England under-20 team , and has been capped eight times for the under-21s . He represented England U20 at 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship .",
"title": "John Welsh ( English footballer )"
},
{
"text": " Wavertree born Welsh , joined Liverpool at the age of 10 . He progressed through the ranks , becoming captain of the Reserve Team in the process . Welsh trained with the Liverpool first team squad at their Melwood training ground from the middle of the 2001–02 season .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "In the 2002–03 season John Welsh played only one game for the first team – his début match against Ipswich Town on 4 December 2002 in a League Cup fourth round tie at home – when he replaced Vladimír Šmicer in the 83rd minute . Also , he was amongst the substitutes for a number of European games .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "His first game in Premiership was against Arsenal on 4 October 2003 , when he replaced Salif Diao in the 82nd minute , but he couldnt help his team avoid defeat – they lost 2–1 , and unfortunately for Welsh , his first act was to be booked for a foul on Ray Parlour . Welsh featured in Liverpools run to the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final , coming on as a substitute in the round of 16 away tie against Bayer Leverkusen . Liverpool would go on to win the trophy but Welsh was left out of the final",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": "match day squad .",
"title": "Liverpool"
},
{
"text": " After three starts and seven substitute appearances in all competitions for Liverpool , in August 2005 , John went on a season-long loan to Championship side Hull City . The club were impressed , and in November 2005 agreed a deal which saw Liverpool take promising young winger Paul Anderson in exchange . The swap took place on 4 January 2006 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "However , three minutes into a match against Preston North End on 10 March 2007 , Welsh dived into a tackle with Prestons Neil Mellor , a former Liverpool teammate . Welsh was carried off on a stretcher , and it later transpired that he had broken both the tibia and fibula in his right leg , ruling him out for many months .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " Loans away from Hull . On 31 December 2007 , Chester City announced they would be signing Welsh on loan when the transfer window reopened the following day . He made his Chester debut on 1 January 2008 , in a 2–0 home defeat to Grimsby Town , and spent the rest of the month in Chesters starting line-up before returning to Hull . He joined Carlisle United on 27 October 2008 for an initial one-month loan making his debut against Hartlepool United .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": "In March 2009 , he joined Football League Two side Bury on loan and was released from Hull on 2 June 2009 .",
"title": "Hull City"
},
{
"text": " In July 2009 , Welsh signed a deal with League One side Tranmere Rovers . He had a very consistent season for Tranmere , playing the holding midfield role successfully . Welsh also scored four goals in his first season at Prenton Park , including a volley in the 4–2 victory over Gillingham and a 25-yard strike in a 2–1 home victory over Brighton . The club offered him contract terms for the 2012–13 season .",
"title": "Tranmere Rovers"
},
{
"text": " In May 2012 , it was announced that Welsh had signed for Preston North End on a two-year contract . He was voted Player of the Year and Players Player of the Year of Preston North End for the season 2012/13 . On 17 December 2013 , Welsh extended his contract with Preston for a further twelve months , thus keeping him at the club until the summer of 2015 .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": "Despite Tom Clarke taking over the captaincy for the 2014–15 season , Welsh still played a major part in getting the club promoted via the play-offs . This form was rewarded with a new two-year contract . At the end of the 2018 season he left Preston North End and was given an award for longest serving Preston player .",
"title": "Preston North End"
},
{
"text": " Welsh signed a two-year contract with League Two club Grimsby Town on 25 June 2018 . He was firmly installed as club captain for the 2018–19 season . Welsh left the club by mutual consent on 20 March 2019 . This may have been in part due to his participation in a fracas at a bus stop in which he broke a woman’s leg .",
"title": "Grimsby Town"
},
{
"text": " In October 2019 he joined Atherton Collieries on a short-term contract . It was announced in August 2020 that he had signed for Stafford Rangers , on step 10 of the English football pyramid .",
"title": "Non-League"
},
{
"text": " - John Welsh profile at the Grimsby Town F.C . website - John Welsh profile at hullcityafc.net - John Welsh profile at liverpoolfc.tv",
"title": "External links"
}
] |
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