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stringlengths 3
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is best known for managing the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers from 1954 through 1976, and signed 23 one-year contracts with the team."
}
] |
vXiyE26IWzmnmp16TZLn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Alston was an unknown at the major league level and the New York Daily News reported his hiring with the headline \"Walter Who?\"Becoming immediately known for his quiet nature, Alston was sometimes referred to as \"The Quiet Man\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is best known for managing the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers from 1954 through 1976, and signed 23 one-year contracts with the team."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Early years in Los Angeles",
"text": "The Dodgers lost the lead in the 1962 NL pennant race and rumors surfaced that Alston and coach Leo Durocher might be fired, but the team retained both for 1963.The Dodgers swept the World Series in 1963, the first time that the New York Yankees had lost a World Series in four games."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Final years as manager",
"text": "Alston was named NL Manager of the Year six times."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "After his two seasons with Trenton, Alston served as a player-manager for the first integrated U.S. baseball team based in the twentieth century, the Nashua Dodgers of the Class-B New England League."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was selected as Manager of the Year six times."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Alston managed black Dodgers prospects Don Newcombe and Roy Campanella, leading Nashua to a New England League title in 1946."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Final years as manager",
"text": "He also managed NL All-Star squads a record nine times and won seven of those games."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Final years as manager",
"text": "I had three birdies playing golf for the first time in my life and now I'm announcing that I'm stepping down as manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "In April 2013, readers of the Los Angeles Times named Alston number 16 on a list of the 20 greatest Dodgers of all time."
}
] |
Alston is best known for his managing of the New York Giants rather than his time as a player.
| 1 | 6 |
Walter Alston
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Height | Climbing",
"text": "On May 25, 1981, Dan Goodwin, wearing a homemade Spider-Man suit while using suction cups, camming devices, and sky hooks, and despite several attempts by the Chicago Fire Department to stop him, made the first successful outside ascent of the tower."
}
] |
vXjpLzKLr5m1C3vkKaKb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Height | Climbing",
"text": "In August 1999, French urban climber Alain \"Spiderman\" Robert, using only his bare hands and bare feet, scaled the building's exterior glass and steel wall all the way to the top."
},
{
"section_header": "Height | Climbing",
"text": "On May 25, 1981, Dan Goodwin, wearing a homemade Spider-Man suit while using suction cups, camming devices, and sky hooks, and despite several attempts by the Chicago Fire Department to stop him, made the first successful outside ascent of the tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Figures and statistics",
"text": "Willis Tower was the first building for which this design was used."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural depictions | Film and television",
"text": "They use Willis Tower for cover before using wing suits to descend into the city streets."
},
{
"section_header": "Height",
"text": "However, the extension of the tower's western antenna in June 2000 to 1,729 feet (527 m) allowed it to just barely claim the title of tallest building by pinnacle height."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Planning and construction",
"text": "The Sears Tower was the first building to use this innovative design."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Post-opening",
"text": "These projections were not met, with the tower facing the same vacancy and other problems it saw under Sears, although Trizec made somewhat successful efforts to attract new tenants."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Suits filed to halt construction",
"text": "The first suit was filed by the state attorney in neighboring Lake County on March 17, 1972."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Post-opening",
"text": "On August 13, 2012, United Airlines announced it would move its corporate headquarters from 77 West Wacker Drive to Willis Tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Height",
"text": "The Willis Tower remains the third tallest building in the Americas (after One World Trade Center and Central Park Tower) and the Western Hemisphere."
}
] |
On August 1999, Alain "Spiderman" Robert, wearing a homemade Spider-Man suit, made the first successful outside ascent of the Willis Tower using only his bare hands and bare feet.
| 0 | 0 |
Willis Tower
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Aeolian dune shapes",
"text": "Five basic dune types are recognized: crescentic, linear, star, dome, and parabolic."
}
] |
vYYPLBYtZzKhMAyCcHSx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Dune complexity",
"text": "All these dune shapes may occur in three forms: simple (isolated dunes of basic type), compound (lager dunes on which smaller dunes of same type form), and complex (combinations of different types)."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Aeolian dune shapes",
"text": "Dune areas may occur in three forms: simple (isolated dunes of basic type), compound (larger dunes on which smaller dunes of same type form), and complex (combinations of different types)."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Dune complexity",
"text": "Simple dunes are basic forms with the minimum number of slipfaces that define the geometric type."
},
{
"section_header": "Lithified dunes",
"text": "A lithified (consolidated) sand dune is a type of sandstone that is formed when a marine or aeolian sand dune becomes compacted and hardened."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Aeolian dune shapes | Barchan or crescentic",
"text": "Some types of crescentic dunes move more quickly over desert surfaces than any other type of dune."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Dune complexity",
"text": "Complex dunes are combinations of two or more dune types."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Aeolian dune shapes",
"text": "Five basic dune types are recognized: crescentic, linear, star, dome, and parabolic."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Dune complexity",
"text": "Compound dunes are large dunes on which smaller dunes of similar type and slipface orientation are superimposed."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Coastal dunes | Ecological succession on coastal dunes",
"text": "As a dune forms, plant succession occurs."
},
{
"section_header": "Aeolian dunes | Coastal dunes",
"text": "Animals such as sand snakes, lizards, and rodents can live in coastal sand dunes, along with insects of all types."
}
] |
There are four types of dunes that form.
| 0 | 4 |
Dune
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Pietro dies when he shields Barton from gunfire, and a vengeful Wanda abandons her post to destroy Ultron's primary body, which allows one of his drones to activate the machine."
}
] |
vYyDeo1dmcEVKvEHtJNG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The Avengers attack Ultron and the Maximoffs, but Wanda subdues them with haunting visions, causing Banner to turn into the Hulk and rampage until Stark stops him with his anti-Hulk armor."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As Ultron uploads himself into the body, Wanda is able to read his mind; discovering his plan for human extinction, the Maximoffs turn against Ultron."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The unexpectedly sentient Ultron, believing he must eradicate humanity to save Earth, eliminates Stark's A.I. J.A.R.V.I.S. and attacks the Avengers at their headquarters."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They encounter two of Strucker's test subjects—twins Pietro, who has superhuman speed, and Wanda Maximoff, who has telepathic and telekinetic abilities—and apprehend Strucker, while Stark retrieves Loki's scepter."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "\" Commenting on finding the right balance between technology- and fantasy-based heroes in Avengers: Age of Ultron, Feige said \"Iron Man is a very technological hero; his movies are always technologically based."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "But this is not that day.\" Peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote, \"Age of Ultron is a whole summer of fireworks packed into one movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Promotion",
"text": "we don't already know\" adding, \"Here we have the fourth and final Avengers: Age of Ultron trailer"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "On August 6, Whedon announced on social media that he had completed principal photography on Avengers: Age of Ultron."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "Feige explained that they simply liked the title Age of Ultron but the plot was taken from decades of Avengers story arcs."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Merchandise",
"text": "In March 2015, Disney said it planned to broaden its merchandising strategy with Avengers: Age of Ultron by expanding the target demographics to women and to fans of the individual superheroes that make up the Avengers."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Pietro dies when he shields Barton from gunfire, and a vengeful Wanda abandons her post to destroy Ultron's primary body, which allows one of his drones to activate the machine."
}
] |
In the movie Avengers: Age of Ultron, Pietro and Wanda Maximoff are killed when the Avengers attack Ultron.
| 0 | 0 |
Avengers: Age of Ultron
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Lyndon is a 1975 period drama film written, directed, and produced by Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon by William Makepeace Thackeray."
}
] |
vZFHbjeVuUnzRk7fLEbK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "Kubrick based his adapted screenplay on William Makepeace Thackeray's The Luck of Barry Lyndon (republished as the novel Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq.), a picaresque tale written and published in serial form in 1844."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Lyndon is a 1975 period drama film written, directed, and produced by Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon by William Makepeace Thackeray."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Cinematic analysis",
"text": "The main theme explored in Barry Lyndon is one of fate and destiny."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "The film departs from the novel in several ways."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "It might have worked as comedy by the juxtaposition of Barry's version of the truth with the reality on the screen, but I don't think that Barry Lyndon should have been done as a comedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Re-evaluation",
"text": "Martin Scorsese has named Barry Lyndon as his favourite Kubrick film, and it is also one of Lars von Trier's favourite films."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Re-evaluation",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"Cynical, ironic, and suffused with seductive natural lighting, Barry Lyndon is a complex character piece of a hapless man doomed by Georgian society.\" Roger Ebert added the film to his 'Great Movies' list on 9 September 2009 and increased his rating from three-and-a-half stars to four, writing, \"Stanley Kubrick's 'Barry Lyndon,' received indifferently in 1975, has grown in stature in the years since and is now widely regarded as one of the master's best."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "This technique worked extremely well in the novel but, of course, in a film you have objective reality in front of you all of the time, so the effect of Thackeray's first-person story-teller could not be repeated on the screen."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Contemporaneous",
"text": "It is ravishingly beautiful and incredibly tedious in about equal doses, a succession of salon quality still photographs—as often as not very still indeed.\" The Washington Post wrote, \"It's not inaccurate to describe 'Barry Lyndon' as a masterpiece, but it's a deadend masterpiece, an objet d'art rather than a movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "He told an interviewer, \"At one time, Vanity Fair interested me as a possible film but, in the end, I decided the story could not be successfully compressed into the relatively short time-span of a feature film ... as soon as I read Barry Lyndon I became very excited about it."
}
] |
Barry Lyndon is a movie that is based on a novel.
| 0 | 0 |
Barry Lyndon
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Geographer Clements Markham, in his introduction to the narrative of Clavijo's embassy, states that, after Timur died, his body \"was embalmed with musk and rose water, wrapped in linen, laid in an ebony coffin and sent to Samarkand, where it was buried\"."
}
] |
vaF0zJDbx60xRQkkmkgW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Exchanges with Europe",
"text": "The French archives preserve: A 30 July 1402 letter from Timur to Charles VI of France, suggesting that he send traders to Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power",
"text": "Around 1370, Husayn surrendered to Timur and was later assassinated, which allowed Timur to be formally proclaimed sovereign at Balkh."
},
{
"section_header": "Campaigns in the Levant",
"text": "In 1400, Timur invaded Armenia and Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Campaigns in the Levant",
"text": "Timur invaded Baghdad in June 1401."
},
{
"section_header": "Attempts to attack the Ming dynasty",
"text": "Timur eventually planned to invade China."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Timur preferred to fight his battles in the spring."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession",
"text": "After the latter's death, Timur did nothing to replace him."
},
{
"section_header": "Personality",
"text": "More importantly, Timur was characterized as an opportunist."
},
{
"section_header": "Conquest of Persia",
"text": "Timur then sent a General to capture rebellious Kandahar."
},
{
"section_header": "Conquest of Persia",
"text": "Adil was later executed because Timur suspected him of corruption."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Geographer Clements Markham, in his introduction to the narrative of Clavijo's embassy, states that, after Timur died, his body \"was embalmed with musk and rose water, wrapped in linen, laid in an ebony coffin and sent to Samarkand, where it was buried\"."
}
] |
Timur 's corpse was preserved with honey and lavender.
| 2 | 5 |
Timur
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel won the Pulitzer Prize in 1928, and was the best-selling work of fiction that year."
}
] |
vaGZG57cyAQtWutmnIeS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence",
"text": "The Bridge of San Luis Rey won the 1928 Pulitzer Prize for the Novel, and remains widely acclaimed as Wilder's most famous work."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "FilmThree US films have been based on the novel: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1929) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1944) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (2004)TheaterA play for puppets and actors was based on the novel, adapted by Greg Carter and directed by Sheila Daniels: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (2006)A play adapted by Cynthia Meier has been performed in Arizona and Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bridge of San Luis Rey is American author Thornton Wilder's second novel, first published in 1927 to worldwide acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and sources",
"text": "The name of the bridge is drawn from the Mission San Luis Rey de Francia in San Diego County, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Four: Uncle Pio; Don Jaime",
"text": "Uncle Pio and Jaime leave the next morning, and are the fourth and fifth people on the bridge of San Luis Rey when it collapses."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence | Influences",
"text": "The Bridge of San Luis Rey was cited by American writer John Hersey as a direct inspiration for his nonfiction work Hiroshima (1946)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Two: the Marquesa de Montemayor; Pepita",
"text": "She writes her \"first letter\" (actually Letter LVI) of courageous love to her daughter, but two days later, returning to Lima, she and Pepita are on the bridge of San Luis Rey when it collapses."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Three: Esteban",
"text": "The Captain offers to take him back to Lima to buy the present, and at the ravine spanned by the bridge of San Luis Rey, the Captain goes down to a boat that is ferrying some materials across the water."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel won the Pulitzer Prize in 1928, and was the best-selling work of fiction that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence | Influences",
"text": "The Bridge of San Luis Rey is mentioned in Elizabeth Goudge's war-time novel The Castle on the Hill (1942, Chapter I, Part II), where a major character explains that, \"... in this case death came to those five just at the most fitting moment of their lives, and that this so-called tragedy, as it affected the lives of others, brought alterations in the pattern [of life] that spelled in the long run only blessing and peace\": this character, an elderly historian, is attempting to offer consolation to a woman he has just met whose life has been full of personal tragedy and war-time disaster)."
}
] |
The Bridge of San Luis Rey has been the most sold novel in 1928.
| 3 | 6 |
The Bridge of San Luis Rey
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finding Dory is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Deadline Hollywood calculated the net profit of the film to be $296.6 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues for the film, making it the fourth-most profitable release of 2016."
}
] |
vaM1xOZkJ1UKQZ0PFfk3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "In July 2012, it was reported that Andrew Stanton was developing a sequel to Finding Nemo, with Victoria Strouse writing the script and a release date scheduled for 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Deadline Hollywood calculated the net profit of the film to be $296.6 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues for the film, making it the fourth-most profitable release of 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Finding Dory premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles on June 8, 2016, and was theatrically released in the United States on June 17, 2016, in Disney Digital 3-D and RealD 3D."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The film's soundtrack entitled Finding Dory was composed by Thomas Newman and released on June 17, 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "Finding Dory was released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on Blu-ray (2D and 3D) and DVD in the United States on November 15, 2016, with a digital release on October 25."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finding Dory is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Prior to work on Finding Dory, Disney had planned to make a Finding Nemo sequel without Pixar's involvement, through Circle 7 Animation, a studio Disney announced in 2005 with the intention to make sequels to Pixar properties."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "Finding Dory was released on 4K Blu-ray on September 10, 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "It had its UK premiere at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on June 18, 2016.The film was re-released for Labor Day weekend in 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "\" Stanton additionally stated: \"I knew if I ever said Finding Dory or mentioned a sequel to Finding Nemo out loud, I'd be done, [T]here would be no way I'd be able to put that horse back in the barn."
}
] |
The 2016 film Finding Dory, the sequel to Finding Nemo, was the most profitable release of 2016.
| 2 | 5 |
Finding Dory
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Influence | Parodies and travesties",
"text": "One of the earliest was written in Italian by Giovanni Batista Lalli in 1635, titled L'Eneide travestita del Signor Gio."
}
] |
vacdlfh1GJ5JOPyoN0CJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The first six of the poem's twelve books tell the story of Aeneas's wanderings from Troy to Italy, and the poem's second half tells of the Trojans' ultimately victorious war upon the Latins, under whose name Aeneas and his Trojan followers are destined to be subsumed."
},
{
"section_header": "Virgil's death, and editing",
"text": "However, the only obvious imperfections are a few lines of verse that are metrically unfinished (i.e., not a complete line of dactylic hexameter)."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Parodies and travesties",
"text": "His epic poem was adapted into an animated feature film of the same name, in 1991, by Ukranimafilm."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Parodies and travesties",
"text": "A number of parodies and travesties of the Aeneid have been made."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Propaganda",
"text": "Gathered for exile, young-pitiful people Coming from every quarter, minds made up,"
},
{
"section_header": "Virgil's death, and editing",
"text": "Augustus ordered Virgil's literary executors, Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca, to disregard that wish, instead ordering the Aeneid to be published with as few editorial changes as possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "The story of the Aeneid was made into the grand opera Les Troyens (1856–1858) by the French composer Hector Berlioz."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Parodies and travesties",
"text": "It is considered to be the first literary work published wholly in the modern Ukrainian language."
},
{
"section_header": "Story | Journey to Italy (books 1–6) | Book 2: Trojan Horse and sack of Troy",
"text": "At first he tried to fight the enemy, but soon he lost his comrades and was left alone to fend off the Greeks."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "One of the first operas based on the story of the Aeneid was the English composer Henry Purcell's Dido and Aeneas (1688)."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Parodies and travesties",
"text": "One of the earliest was written in Italian by Giovanni Batista Lalli in 1635, titled L'Eneide travestita del Signor Gio."
}
] |
There are a few satires of Aetied, but the first ever made was named L'Etoide.
| 0 | 0 |
Aeneid
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Battle | Custer's fight",
"text": "According to Pretty Shield, the wife of Goes-Ahead (another Crow scout for the 7th Cavalry), Custer was killed while crossing the river: \"... and he died there, died in the water of the Little Bighorn, with Two-bodies, and the blue soldier carrying his flag\"."
}
] |
vbTMm1WtKi49c6tFDiTW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | 1876 U.S. military campaign | Little Bighorn",
"text": "While the Terry-Gibbon column was marching toward the mouth of the Little Bighorn, on the evening of June 24, Custer's Indian scouts arrived at an overlook known as the Crow's Nest, 14 miles (23 km) east of the Little Bighorn River."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude | Lone Teepee",
"text": "The Lone Teepee was an important location during the Battle of the Little Bighorn for several reasons, including: It is where Custer gave Reno his final orders to attack the village ahead."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Reno's conduct",
"text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn was the subject of an 1879 U.S. Army Court of Inquiry in Chicago, held at Reno's request, during which his conduct was scrutinized."
},
{
"section_header": "Survivor claims",
"text": "Writer Evan S. Connell noted in Son of the Morning Star: Comanche was reputed to be the only survivor of the Little Bighorn, but quite a few Seventh Cavalry mounts survived, probably more than one hundred, and there was even a yellow bulldog."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn had far-reaching consequences for the Natives."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Last stand | Custer's final resistance",
"text": "E Company rushed off Custer Hill toward the Little Bighorn River but failed to reach it, which resulted in the total destruction of that company."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Custer's fight | Custer at Minneconjou Ford",
"text": "One possibility is that after ordering Reno to charge, Custer continued down Reno Creek to within about a half-mile (800 m) of the Little Bighorn, but then turned north and climbed up the bluffs, reaching the same spot to which Reno would soon retreat."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Last stand | Custer's final resistance",
"text": "The troops evidently died in several groups, including on Custer Hill, around Captain Myles Keogh, and strung out towards the Little Bighorn River."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Custer's fight",
"text": "Later accounts from surviving Indians are useful, but sometimes conflicting and unclear."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Last stand",
"text": "The extent of the soldiers' resistance indicated they had few doubts about their prospects for survival."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Custer's fight",
"text": "According to Pretty Shield, the wife of Goes-Ahead (another Crow scout for the 7th Cavalry), Custer was killed while crossing the river: \"... and he died there, died in the water of the Little Bighorn, with Two-bodies, and the blue soldier carrying his flag\"."
}
] |
Custer did survive during the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of the Little Bighorn
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lancaster was accepted by New York University with an athletic scholarship, but subsequently dropped out."
}
] |
vbxwosga21zZoo339Av3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Hecht and Lancaster",
"text": "Lancaster won the 1960 Academy Award for Best Actor, a Golden Globe Award, and the New York Film Critics Award for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Broadway",
"text": "Lancaster returned to New York after his Army service."
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism",
"text": "He was the only major male star who attended."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lancaster was accepted by New York University with an athletic scholarship, but subsequently dropped out."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Frequent collaborators",
"text": "They both became actor-producers who sought out independent Hollywood careers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The American Film Institute ranks Lancaster as #19 of the greatest male stars of classic Hollywood cinema."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lancaster was born on November 2, 1913, in Manhattan, New York, at his parents' home at 209 East 106th Street, the son of Elizabeth (née Roberts) and mailman James Lancaster."
},
{
"section_header": "Filmography and awards | In other media",
"text": "For a number of years exhibitors voted Lancaster among the most popular stars: Spanish music group Hombres G released an album named La cagaste, Burt Lancaster (You messed up, Burt Lancaster) in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages and relationships",
"text": "All five of his children were with Anderson: Bill (who became an actor and screenwriter), James, Susan, Joanna (who worked as a film producer), and Sighle (pronounced \"Sheila\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The centennial of Lancaster's birth was honored at New York City's Film Society of Lincoln Center in May 2013 with the screening of 12 of the actor's best-known films, from The Killers to Atlantic City."
}
] |
The male star Burt Lancaster quit his studies in New York and became successful as an actor.
| 0 | 0 |
Burt Lancaster
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Caine made his breakthrough in the 1960s with starring roles in British films such as Zulu (1964), The Ipcress File (1965), Alfie (1966), The Italian Job (1969), and Battle of Britain (1969)."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1960s",
"text": "Horatio was the only classical role which Caine, who had never received dramatic training, would ever play."
}
] |
vbzdb8TSCCinlt9ADz1y
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1960s",
"text": "He went on to play Palmer in a further four films, Funeral in Berlin (1966), Billion Dollar Brain (1967),"
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "You belong to the country. Then, when you come out, you have a sense of belonging, rather than a sense of violence.\" Caine is regarded as a British cultural icon, with Mairi Mackay of CNN stating: \"Michael Caine has been personifying British cool since the swinging sixties."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1960s",
"text": "Horatio was the only classical role which Caine, who had never received dramatic training, would ever play."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Caine made his breakthrough in the 1960s with starring roles in British films such as Zulu (1964), The Ipcress File (1965), Alfie (1966), The Italian Job (1969), and Battle of Britain (1969)."
},
{
"section_header": "Music interests",
"text": "He has sung in film roles as well, including Little Voice and for the 1992 musical film The Muppet Christmas Carol."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1990s",
"text": "However, Caine's reputation as a pop icon was still intact, thanks to his roles in films such as The Italian Job and Get Carter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Known for his trademark Cockney accent, he has appeared in more than 130 films during a career spanning over 60 years, and is considered a British film icon."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "\"In 2018, Caine starred in British Airways’ pre-flight safety video, appearing with six other British celebrities including actresses Olivia Colman and Naomie Harris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Caine has appeared in seven films that featured in the British Film Institute's 100 greatest British films of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1960s",
"text": "\"Caine's roles as effete-seeming aristocrats were to contrast with his next projects, in which he was to become notable for using a regional accent, rather than the Received Pronunciation then considered proper for film actors."
}
] |
Michael Caine is a British celebrity and icon who started becoming famous in films as Zulu and funeral in Berlin as well as in his role as Horatio.
| 0 | 0 |
Michael Caine
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With over 109 million inhabitants as of 2019, Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation on the African continent (after Nigeria)."
}
] |
vc967TgeDa3BLhhEZR7a
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ethiopia also has the second-largest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The country has since recovered and as of 2010 has the largest economy (by GDP) in East Africa, as well as having the largest population in the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With over 109 million inhabitants as of 2019, Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation on the African continent (after Nigeria)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy and hydropower",
"text": "It has the largest water reserves in Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ethiopian Highlands are the largest continuous mountain ranges in Africa, and the Sof Omar Caves contains the largest cave on the continent."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Haile Selassie I era (1916–1974) and Italian Ethiopia",
"text": "The independence of Ethiopia was interrupted by the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, beginning when it was invaded by Fascist Italy in early October 1935, and Italian occupation of the country (1936–1941)."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "According to the Ethiopian national census of 2007, the Oromo are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia, at 34.4% of the nation's population."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy and hydropower",
"text": "When completed, this Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is slated to be the largest hydroelectric power station in Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Sunnis form the majority of Muslims with non-denominational Muslims being the second largest group of Muslims, and the Shia and Ahmadiyyas are a minority."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "At 1,104,300 square kilometres (426,372.61 sq mi), Ethiopia is the world's 28th-largest country, comparable in size to Bolivia."
}
] |
Ethiopia is the second country with the largest population in Africa.
| 0 | 0 |
Ethiopia
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The plot primarily revolves around a Maltese Jewish merchant named Barabas."
}
] |
vcsd5BlDTQhV7E0QRlsk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "James Shapiro notes that both The Merchant of Venice and The Jew of Malta are works obsessed with the economics of their day, stemming from anxiety around new business practices in the theater, including the bonding of actors to companies."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "Others believe that the suggestion of imitation by Shakespeare of Marlowe is overblown, and that not only the two stories are very different, but the principal characters that are often compared, Shylock and Barabas, are themselves profoundly different."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Biblical punishment",
"text": "An example of this includes Haman, in the story of Purim, being hanged on the very gallows he intended for the Jews he wished to murder."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "Some critics have suggested that the play directly influenced Marlowe's contemporary, William Shakespeare, in the writing of his play The Merchant of Venice (written c. 1596–99)."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "While critics debate whether or not The Jew of Malta was a direct influence, or merely a product of the contemporaneous society that they both were written in, it is noteworthy that Marlowe and Shakespeare were the only two British playwrights of their time to include a Jewish principal character in one of their plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original story combines religious conflict, intrigue, and revenge, set against a backdrop of the struggle for supremacy between Spain and the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean that takes place on the island of Malta."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "A Marxist critique of The Jew of Malta suggests that Marlowe intended to utilize readily available antisemitic feelings in his audience in a way that made the Jews \"incidental\" to the social critique he offered."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "The Jew of Malta, given the time of its publication, its main character, and the significance of religion throughout the text, is often referenced in discussions about antisemitism."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "Some of the conversation around antisemitism in The Jew of Malta focuses on authorial intent, the question of whether or not Marlowe intended to promote antisemitism in his work, while other critics focus on how the work is perceived, either by its audience at the time or by modern audiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jew of Malta (full title: The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Jew of Malta) is a play by Christopher Marlowe, written in 1589 or 1590."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The plot primarily revolves around a Maltese Jewish merchant named Barabas."
}
] |
The Jew of Malta is a story about a merchant.
| 0 | 0 |
The Jew of Malta
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as business manager (de facto general manager) of the New York Yankees from 1921 to 1939 and as team president from 1939 to 1945, and is credited with building the Yankee dynasty."
}
] |
vdMAyfm7KTzXNLhLwbGa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early career",
"text": "With the Tigers, Barrow feuded with shortstop Kid Elberfeld."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Barrow was known as \"Uncle Egbert\" to his friends; according to writer Tom Meany, Babe Ruth referred to him as \"Barrows,\" treating him as if he were \"a butler in an English drawing room comedy.\" He resided in Rye, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Return to baseball",
"text": "He traded Dutch Leonard, Duffy Lewis, and Ernie Shore to the New York Yankees, obtaining Ray Caldwell, Slim Love, Frank Gilhooley, Roxy Walters, and cash."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as business manager (de facto general manager) of the New York Yankees from 1921 to 1939 and as team president from 1939 to 1945, and is credited with building the Yankee dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as the field manager of the Detroit Tigers and Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early career",
"text": "Barrow managed the Tigers again in 1904, but unable to coexist with Frank Navin, Yawkey's secretary-treasurer, Barrow tendered his resignation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After managing the Tigers in 1903 and 1904 and returning to the minor leagues, Barrow became disenchanted with baseball, and left the game to operate a hotel."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early career",
"text": "The Maple Leafs won the league championship in 1902, even though they lost many of their most talented players, including Altrock, to the upstart American League (AL).Barrow managed in the major leagues with the Detroit Tigers of the AL in 1903, finishing fifth, a 13-game improvement from their 1902 finish."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Barrow was the first executive to put numbers on player uniforms."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early career",
"text": "Tigers' owner Sam Angus sold the team to William Yawkey before the 1904 season."
}
] |
Ed Barrow is known for obtaining the players to create a dynasty for the Tigers.
| 0 | 0 |
Ed Barrow
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "Kerensky's father was the teacher of Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin), and members of the Kerensky and Ulyanov families were friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "His father, Fyodor Mikhailovich Kerensky, was a teacher and director of the local gymnasium and was later promoted to be an inspector of public schools."
}
] |
vdiHPEU2FEgEp72PtCUr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "Alexander graduated with honours in 1899."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "He was succeeded by the Menshevik, Alexander Halpern."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kerensky was married to Olga Lvovna Baranovskaya and they had two sons, Oleg and Gleb, who both went on to become engineers."
},
{
"section_header": "October Revolution of 1917",
"text": "Kerensky's government in Petrograd had almost no support in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Russian Provisional Government of 1917",
"text": "Kerensky's role in these orders are unclear, but he participated in the decisions."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "Alexander Kerensky was born in Simbirsk (now Ulyanovsk) on the Volga River on 4 May 1881 and was the eldest son in the family."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kerensky's body was flown to London, where he was buried at the non-denominational Putney Vale Cemetery."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "Kerensky's father was the teacher of Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin), and members of the Kerensky and Ulyanov families were friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kerensky's grandson (also named Oleg), according to IMDb.com, played his grandfather's role in the 1981 film Reds."
},
{
"section_header": "Russian Provisional Government of 1917",
"text": "The dilemma of whether to withdraw was a great one, and Kerensky's inconsistent and impractical policies further destabilised the army and the country at large."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and activism",
"text": "His father, Fyodor Mikhailovich Kerensky, was a teacher and director of the local gymnasium and was later promoted to be an inspector of public schools."
}
] |
Alexander Kerensky's daddy was an engineer.
| 0 | 1 |
Alexander Kerensky
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He attended Harvard Law School, graduating at the age of 20 with what is widely rumored to be the highest grade average in the law school's history."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood education",
"text": "Brandeis graduated from the Louisville Male High School at age 14 with the highest honors."
}
] |
ve2TDSNzG9ONcKB66dzJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Law school",
"text": "Returning to the U.S. in 1875, Brandeis entered Harvard Law School at the age of 18."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He attended Harvard Law School, graduating at the age of 20 with what is widely rumored to be the highest grade average in the law school's history."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood education",
"text": "Brandeis graduated from the Louisville Male High School at age 14 with the highest honors."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Law school",
"text": "The school doctors suggested he give up school entirely."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Law school",
"text": "Despite the difficulties, his academic work and memorization talents were so impressive that he graduated as valedictorian, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, and achieved the highest grade point average in the history of the school, a record that stood for eight decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Namesake institutions",
"text": "Louis D. Brandeis High School, in San Antonio, Texas, where the Northside Independent School District names all of its comprehensive high schools for Supreme Court Justices Louis D. Brandeis Law Society, in Philadelphia, a \"Jewish law society ... dedicated to advancing and enriching the personal and professional interests of [its] members of the Bench and Bar.\" Louis D. Brandeis AZA #932, a B'nai B'rith Youth Organization Chapter in Dallas."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Law school",
"text": "Brandeis easily adapted to the new methods, soon became active in class discussions, and joined the Pow-Wow club, similar to today's moot courts in law school, which gave him experience in the role of a judge."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Law school",
"text": "Despite the fact that he entered the school without any financial help from his family, he became \"an extraordinary student\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Namesake institutions",
"text": "The University of Louisville's Louis D. Brandeis School of Law."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career in law",
"text": "After graduation, he stayed on at Harvard for another year, where he continued to study law on his own while also earning a small income by tutoring other law students."
}
] |
Louis Brandeis graduated from high school early and then attended Harvard Law School.
| 0 | 0 |
Louis Brandeis
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Johnson starred in two other blockbuster movies that year, Baywatch and Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle as"
}
] |
veRxL3jntbNZXhulgGHE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His most successful box office role has been as Luke Hobbs in The Fast Saga films."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Johnson starred in two other blockbuster movies that year, Baywatch and Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle as"
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Johnson's role within The Fast and the Furious franchise continued with Fast & Furious Presents: Hobbs & Shaw, co-starring Johnson and Jason Statham."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Not Without Hope. In 2016, Johnson co-starred with Kevin Hart in the action-comedy Central Intelligence and had a lead voice role in the Disney animated film Moana, in which he voiced the Polynesian demigod Maui."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Johnson reprised his role as Bravestone, in Jumanji: The Next Level."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also stars in the Jumanji franchise, appearing in Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017), and its sequel Jumanji: The Next Level (2019)."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Johnson became known for reinvigorating film franchises after portraying Marvin F. Hinton / Roadblock in G.I. Joe: Retaliation and reprising his role as Luke Hobbs in Fast & Furious 6; while also starring in true-story films Pain & Gain and Empire State (all released in 2013)."
},
{
"section_header": "Activism and philanthropy",
"text": "In 2006, Johnson founded the Dwayne Johnson Rock Foundation, a charity working with at-risk and terminally ill children."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Though initially believed to be a part of Fast & Furious 9, Johnson has since stated that he will not appear in the film; instead, opting to begin developmen on a sequel to Hobbs & Shaw."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career",
"text": "Johnson entered Hollywood and the film industry, becoming a star initially through his wrestling popularity and noted work ethic."
}
] |
Dwayne Johnson, a.k.a. The Rock, has starred in Moana, The Fast Saga films and Jumanji.
| 2 | 5 |
Dwayne Johnson
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry VII (Welsh: Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death."
}
] |
veXe0cyR0jtY2dHpODm6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reign | Later years and death",
"text": "Henry VII wanted to maintain the Spanish alliance."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancestry and early life",
"text": "One of their sons was Edmund Tudor, father of Henry VII."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Law enforcement and Justices of the Peace",
"text": "Henry VII used Justices of the Peace on a large, nationwide scale."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Later years and death",
"text": "Henry VII was shattered by the loss of Elizabeth, and her death broke his heart."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Law enforcement and Justices of the Peace",
"text": "By 1509, Justices of the Peace were key enforcers of law and order for Henry VII."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and memory",
"text": "In 1622 Francis Bacon published his History of the Reign of King Henry VII."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Foreign policy",
"text": "By this marriage, Henry VII hoped to break the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancestry and early life",
"text": "Henry VII was born at Pembroke Castle on 28 January 1457 to Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Economics",
"text": "Henry VII improved tax collection within the realm by introducing ruthlessly efficient mechanisms of taxation."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Economics",
"text": "Unlike his predecessors, Henry VII came to the throne without personal experience in estate management or financial administration."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry VII (Welsh: Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death."
}
] |
Henry VII was alive in 1508
| 3 | 6 |
Henry VII of England
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kramer vs. Kramer is a 1979 American legal drama film written and directed by Robert Benton, based on Avery Corman's 1977 novel of the same name."
}
] |
vehyrDSsUadj53pzQmIc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kramer vs. Kramer was theatrically released on December 19, 1979, by Columbia Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kramer vs. Kramer is a 1979 American legal drama film written and directed by Robert Benton, based on Avery Corman's 1977 novel of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "Kramer vs. Kramer reflected a cultural shift which occurred during the 1970s, when ideas about motherhood and fatherhood were changing."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptation",
"text": "In 1995, Kramer vs. Kramer was remade in India as Akele Hum Akele Tum, starring Aamir Khan and Manisha Koirala."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "That's what makes Kramer vs. Kramer such a touching film: We get the feeling at times that personalities are changing and decisions are being made even as we watch them.\" Vincent Canby of The New York Times called it a \"fine, witty, moving, most intelligent adaptation of Avery Corman's best-selling novel,\" with Streep giving \"one of the major performances of the year\" and Hoffman \"splendid in one of the two or three best roles of his career.\" Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune gave the film four stars out of four and wrote, \"'Kramer vs. Kramer' never loses its low-key, realistic touch."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Meryl Streep as Joanna (Stern) Kramer"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Justin Henry as Billy Kramer Jane Alexander as Margaret Phelps"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Ted Kramer (Dustin Hoffman) is a workaholic advertising executive who has just been assigned a new and very important account."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "\"How do I look?\" As the elevator doors start to close on Joanna, Ted answers, \"Terrific.\" Dustin Hoffman as Ted Kramer"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "\"In 2018, Streep told The New York Times that Hoffman had slapped her hard without warning while filming a scene: \"This was my first movie, and it was my first take in my first movie, and he just slapped me."
}
] |
Kramer vs. Kramer was a movie that was publicized in 1979
| 0 | 0 |
Kramer vs. Kramer
|
NOCAT
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The collection was acclaimed and popular during the poet's lifetime and it remains so."
}
] |
vewlxXEsdEj9QnS5uHFa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "She initially planned to title the collection \"Sonnets translated from the Bosnian\", but Browning proposed that she claim their source was Portuguese, probably because of her admiration for Camões and Robert's nickname for her: \"my little Portuguese\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sonnets from the Portuguese, written ca. 1845–1846 and published first in 1850, is a collection of 44 love sonnets written by Elizabeth Barrett Browning."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "To offer the couple some privacy, she decided to publish them as if they were translations of foreign sonnets."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "However, her husband Robert Browning insisted they were the best sequence of English-language sonnets since Shakespeare's time and urged her to publish them."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The collection was acclaimed and popular during the poet's lifetime and it remains so."
}
] |
Sonnets from the Portuguese did not become admired till after Browning's death.
| 0 | 1 |
Sonnets from the Portuguese
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel is set in South Wales during the reign of Queen Victoria."
}
] |
vfE9PKiIzLNCr9HZYLN2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He sits up to \"... look down in the valley.\" He then reflects: \"How green was my Valley that day, too, green and bright in the sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels",
"text": "My Valley Now (1975) – Huw returns to Wales"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "How Green How Green Was My Valley is available on DVD from 20th Century Fox as part of their 20th Century Fox Studio Classics collection."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "How Green How Green Was My Valley is a 1939 novel by Richard Llewellyn, narrated by Huw Morgan, the main character, about his Welsh family and the mining community in which they live."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Directed by John Ford, How Green Was My Valley was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "It tells the story of the Morgans, a respectable mining family of the South Wales Valleys, through the eyes of one of the sons, Huw Morgan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\" The phrase is used again in the novel's last sentence: \"How green was my Valley then, and the Valley of them that have gone.\" In the United States, Llewellyn won the National Book Award for favourite novel of 1940, voted by members of the American Booksellers Association."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels",
"text": "Down Where the Moon is Small (1966) – Huw's life in Argentina Green, Green"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel is set in South Wales during the reign of Queen Victoria."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "but this was found to be untrue after his death; Llewellyn was English-born and spent little time in Wales, though he was of Welsh descent."
}
] |
How Green Was My Valley happens in Wales.
| 2 | 5 |
How Green Was My Valley
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A unit consisting of several platoons is called a company/battery."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A platoon is a military unit typically composed of two or more squads/sections/patrols."
}
] |
vfLCWPWYi7rHOvXka62h
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United Kingdom",
"text": "This may not be the case for all British Infantry units, since the 51mm mortars are not part of the TOE post-Afghanistan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A platoon is a military unit typically composed of two or more squads/sections/patrols."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A platoon is typically the smallest military unit led by a commissioned officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | France",
"text": "In the French military : - A peloton is a mainly a term designating an infantry unit."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | Israel",
"text": "The platoon is the smallest military unit commanded by a commissioned officer—and all officers graduating from the IDF's Officer's Academy receive a \"platoon commander\" pin, even if they are not intended to command a platoon."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United States | Marine Corps",
"text": "In the attack (especially if part of the assault echelon) or in a deliberate defense, rifle platoons are usually augmented with a two-man mortar forward observer team and are often reinforced with a seven-man machinegun squad and/or a four-man assault weapons squad."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United States | Marine Corps",
"text": "Platoons are also used in reconnaissance, light armored reconnaissance (scout dismounts), combat engineer, law enforcement (i.e., military police), Marine Security Force Regiment (MSFR), and Fleet Antiterrorism Security Team (FAST) companies."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology | Use as a firing unit",
"text": "The platoon was originally a firing unit rather than an organization."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United States | Historical background",
"text": "In total, the field artillery platoon (at full strength of men, horses, and equipment) consisted of a lieutenant, two sergeants, four corporals, 24 privates, 31 horses, four limbers, two caissons, two field guns, two spare wheels, plus ammunition, implements, tools, spare parts, and baggage."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern organization | United States | Army",
"text": "In the United States Army, rifle platoons are normally composed of 42 soldiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A unit consisting of several platoons is called a company/battery."
}
] |
A Platoon is a military unit that is part of a unit.
| 0 | 0 |
Platoon
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "Spears announced through her Twitter account in August 2014 that she would be releasing an intimate apparel line called \"The Intimate Britney Spears\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Product and endorsements",
"text": "In March 2009, Spears was announced as the new face of clothing brand Candie's."
}
] |
vfXDipCR7JaUMfixtDT5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Conservatorship and Circus",
"text": "Spears designed a limited edition clothing line for Candie's, which was released in stores in July 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "Spears announced through her Twitter account in August 2014 that she would be releasing an intimate apparel line called \"The Intimate Britney Spears\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Product and endorsements",
"text": "In March 2009, Spears was announced as the new face of clothing brand Candie's."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2018–present: Piece of Me Tour, hiatus, and the #FreeBritney movement",
"text": "On April 27, 2018, Epic Rights announced a new partnership with Spears to debut her own fashion line in 2019, which would include clothing, fitness apparel, accessories, and electronics."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Product and endorsements",
"text": "She's just poised for even greater success.\" In 2010, Spears designed a limited edition line for the brand, which was released in stores in July 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Spears has also helped several charities during her career, including Madonna's Kabbalah-based Spirituality for Kids,"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "It was available to be purchased beginning on September 9, 2014 in the United States and Canada through Spears's Intimate Collection website."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2001–2002: Britney and Crossroads",
"text": "Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic called Britney \"the record where she strives to deepen her persona, making it more adult while still recognizably Britney."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "In an interview, Moroder praised Spears's vocals and said that she did a \"good job\" with the song and also stated that Spears \"sounds so good that you would hardly recognize her.\" At the 2015 Teen Choice Awards, Spears received the Candie's Style Icon Award, her ninth Teen Choice Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "Spears began work on her eighth studio album, Britney Jean, in December 2012, and enlisted"
}
] |
Britney Spears has designed several clothing lines including "The Intimate Britney Spears" but she is more known for representing Candie's
| 1 | 7 |
Britney Spears
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "After the Second World War",
"text": "He was extensively interviewed for four months beginning in late 1956 by Nazi expatriate journalist Willem Sassen with the intention of producing a biography."
}
] |
vfbUnXIJWxAtPAF4A3zT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "In addition to wartime documents, material presented as evidence included tapes and transcripts from Eichmann's interrogation and Sassen's interviews in Argentina."
},
{
"section_header": "After the Second World War",
"text": "Meanwhile, former commandant of Auschwitz Rudolf Höss and others gave damning evidence about Eichmann at the Nuremberg trials of major war criminals starting in 1946."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Hungary",
"text": "Eichmann arrived the same day, and was soon joined by top members of his staff and five or six hundred members of the SD, SS, and Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo, \"Security Police\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Hungary",
"text": "Along with many other SS officers who fled in the closing months of the war, Eichmann and his family were living in relative safety in Austria when the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "In the case of the Sassen interviews, only Eichmann's hand-written notes were admitted into evidence."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial | Aftermath",
"text": "The trial received widespread coverage by the press in West Germany, and many schools added material studying the issues to their curricula."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career",
"text": "Eichmann travelled to British Mandatory Palestine with his superior Herbert Hagen in 1937 to assess the possibility of Germany's Jews voluntarily emigrating to that country, disembarking with forged press credentials at Haifa, whence they travelled to Cairo in Egypt."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Hungary",
"text": "Throughout October and November, Eichmann arranged for tens of thousands of Jewish victims to be forced to march, in appalling conditions, from Budapest to Vienna, a distance of 210 kilometres (130 mi).On 24 December 1944, Eichmann fled Budapest just before the Soviets completed their encirclement of the capital."
},
{
"section_header": "Capture",
"text": "Both organisations had known for at least two years that Eichmann was hiding in Argentina, but they did not act because it did not serve their interests in the Cold War to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Wannsee Conference",
"text": "Eichmann held regular meetings in his Berlin offices with his department members working in the field and travelled extensively to visit concentration camps and ghettos."
},
{
"section_header": "After the Second World War",
"text": "He was extensively interviewed for four months beginning in late 1956 by Nazi expatriate journalist Willem Sassen with the intention of producing a biography."
}
] |
Adolph Eichmann gave interviews to a member of the press who had contributed to the French Resistance after he fled to Argentina.
| 0 | 0 |
Adolf Eichmann
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Urdu—the lingua franca and a symbol of Muslim identity and national unity—is the national language understood by over 75% of Pakistanis."
}
] |
vg8qDg2xxxNq4GHIjWUU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "The Punjabi language, the most common in Pakistan and the first language of 38.78% of Pakistan's population, is mostly spoken in the Punjab."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Urdu—the lingua franca and a symbol of Muslim identity and national unity—is the national language understood by over 75% of Pakistanis."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "It is the main medium of communication in the country but the primary language of only 7% of Pakistan's population."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Literature and philosophy",
"text": "Pakistan has literature in Urdu, Sindhi, Punjabi, Pashto, Baluchi, Persian, English, and many other languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "More than sixty languages are spoken in Pakistan, including a number of provincial languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "The Sindhi language is commonly spoken in Sindh while the Balochi language is dominant in Balochistan."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Pashto is the provincial language of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Marwari, a Rajasthani language, is also spoken in parts of Sindh."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "The Arabic language is officially recognised by the constitution of Pakistan."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Various languages such as Shina, Balti, and Burushaski are spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan, whilst languages such as Pahari, Gojri, and Kashmiri are spoken by many in Azad Kashmir."
}
] |
Pakistan's national language is Punjabi.
| 0 | 4 |
Pakistan
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a tutor of Beethoven, and the older brother of composer Michael Haydn."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "Haydn took Beethoven with him to Eisenstadt for the summer, where Haydn had little to do, and taught Beethoven some counterpoint."
}
] |
vgZvqEjtikQ3RBg5TAxH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "Reutter was of little help to Haydn in the areas of music theory and composition, giving him only two lessons in his entire time as chorister."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Structure and character of his music",
"text": "His practice, however, differed in some ways from that of Mozart and Beethoven, his younger contemporaries who likewise excelled in this form of composition."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "Haydn took Beethoven with him to Eisenstadt for the summer, where Haydn had little to do, and taught Beethoven some counterpoint."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Criticism and analysis",
"text": "On jokes in Haydn and Beethoven."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "The end of Salomon's series in June gave Haydn a rare period of relative leisure."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Criticism and analysis",
"text": "Rosen, Charles (1997). The classical style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven ("
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a tutor of Beethoven, and the older brother of composer Michael Haydn."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The years as Kapellmeister",
"text": "The Esterházy princes (Paul Anton, then from 1762–1790 Nikolaus I) were musical connoisseurs who appreciated his work and gave him daily access to his own small orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "While traveling to London in 1790, Haydn had met the young Ludwig van Beethoven in his native city of Bonn."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Struggles as a freelancer",
"text": "While a chorister, Haydn had not received any systematic training in music theory and composition."
}
] |
Haydn gave Beethoven composition lessons.
| 0 | 0 |
Joseph Haydn
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barcelona ( BAR-sə-LOH-nə, Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə], Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain."
}
] |
vgpesjlxvWm0yGVcT8DZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barcelona is a major cultural, economic, and financial centre in southwestern Europe, as well as the main biotech hub in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Roads and highways",
"text": "Barcelona lies on three international routes, including European route E15 that follows the Mediterranean coast, European route E90 to Madrid and Lisbon, and European route E09 to Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barcelona ( BAR-sə-LOH-nə, Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə], Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Airports",
"text": "It is the second-largest airport in Spain, and the largest on the Mediterranean coast, which handled more than 50.17 million passengers in 2018, showing an annual upward trend."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and administrative divisions",
"text": "As one of the two biggest cities in Spain, Barcelona is subject to a special law articulated through the Carta Municipal (Municipal Law)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Manufacturing sector",
"text": "The factory of Derbi, a large manufacturer of motorcycles, scooters and mopeds, also lies near the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea, located on the coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs, and bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola mountain range, the tallest peak of which is 512 metres (1,680 feet) high."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | General information",
"text": "The Barcelona metropolitan area comprises over 66% of the people of Catalonia, one of the richer regions in Europe and the fourth richest region per capita in Spain, with a GDP per capita amounting to €28,400 (16% more than the EU average)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism",
"text": "With its Rambles, Barcelona is ranked the most popular city to visit in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Population density",
"text": "Barcelona is one of the most densely populated cities in Europe."
}
] |
Barcelona lies on the southwestern coast of Spain.
| 0 | 0 |
Barcelona
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Hunter was born in Conyers, Georgia, the daughter of Opal Marguerite (née Catledge), a housewife, and Charles Edwin Hunter, a farmer and sporting-goods manufacturer's representative."
}
] |
vgz86hAESmAvFvIV4sYH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Holly Patricia Hunter (born March 20, 1958) is an American actress and producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Hunter is irreligious. In 2016, Hunter was awarded an Honorary Doctorate degree by her alma mater, Carnegie Mellon University."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Hunter was born in Conyers, Georgia, the daughter of Opal Marguerite (née Catledge), a housewife, and Charles Edwin Hunter, a farmer and sporting-goods manufacturer's representative."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "The following year found Hunter in the redemption drama Levity."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hunter has been in a relationship with British actor Gordon MacDonald since 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "On May 30, 2008, Hunter received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "It was just the two of us.\" Hunter made her film debut in the 1981 slasher movie The Burning."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hunter is unable to hear with her left ear due to a childhood case of the mumps."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage and film",
"text": "In 2016, Hunter played Senator Finch in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In January 2006, Hunter gave birth to the couple's twin boys Claude and Press."
}
] |
Holly Hunter is from Tampa, Florida.
| 1 | 2 |
Holly Hunter
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In his final years, he focused on chamber music, completing three of six planned sonatas for different combinations of instruments."
}
] |
vhMktNHuRQFOhOdjyvlM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influences | Literary",
"text": "He wrote incidental music for King Lear and planned an opera based on As You Like It, but abandoned that once he turned his attention to setting Maeterlinck's play."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1903–1918",
"text": "His health continued to decline; he gave his final concert (the premiere of his Violin Sonata) on 14 September 1917 and became bedridden in early 1918.Debussy died on 25 March 1918 at his home."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Debussy died from cancer at his home in Paris at the age of 55 after a composing career of a little more than 30 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "(Achille) Claude Debussy (French: [aʃil klod dəbysi]; 22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1903–1918",
"text": "Claude-Emma, affectionately known as \"Chouchou\", was a musical inspiration to the composer (she was the dedicatee of his Children's Corner suite)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1894–1902: Pelléas et Mélisande",
"text": "Like many other composers of the time, Debussy supplemented his income by teaching and writing."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1903–1918",
"text": "On 14 October, five days before their fifth wedding anniversary, Lilly Debussy attempted suicide, shooting herself in the chest with a revolver; she survived, although the bullet remained lodged in her vertebrae for the rest of her life."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Early works, 1879–1892",
"text": "His friend Georges Jean-Aubry commented that Debussy \"admirably imitated Massenet's melodic turns of phrase\" in the cantata L'enfant prodigue (1884) which won him the Prix de Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Return to Paris, 1887",
"text": "In May 1893 Debussy attended a theatrical event that was of key importance to his later career – the premiere of Maurice Maeterlinck's play Pelléas et Mélisande, which he immediately determined to turn into an opera."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences | Musical",
"text": "According to Pierre Louÿs, Debussy \"did not see 'what anyone can do beyond Tristan',\" although he admitted that it was sometimes difficult to avoid \"the ghost of old Klingsor, alias Richard Wagner, appearing at the turning of a bar\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In his final years, he focused on chamber music, completing three of six planned sonatas for different combinations of instruments."
}
] |
Before he died, Claude Debussy turned his attention almost exclusively to writing for the violin.
| 0 | 0 |
Claude Debussy
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | 1912–31: Early years",
"text": "Cage was born September 5, 1912, at Good Samaritan Hospital in downtown Los Angeles."
}
] |
vhyrBeN9B3hhotjcDLLP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence | Centenary commemoration",
"text": "John Cage Day was the name given to several events held during 2012 to mark the centenary of his birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1931–36: Apprenticeship",
"text": "Cage studied with Schoenberg in California: first at USC and then at UCLA, as well as privately."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence | Centenary commemoration",
"text": "Jacaranda Music had four concerts planned in Santa Monica, California, for the centennial week."
},
{
"section_header": "Archives",
"text": "The archive of the John Cage Trust is held at Bard College in upstate New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1950s: Discovering chance",
"text": "a multi-layered, multi-media performance event staged the same day as Cage conceived it that \"that would greatly influence 1950s and 60s artistic practices\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Visual art, writings, and other activities",
"text": "This was followed, the same year, by Seven Day Diary, which Cage drew with his eyes closed, but which conformed to a strict structure developed using chance operations."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence | Centenary commemoration",
"text": "The program was supported by the Foundation for Emerging Technologies and Arts, Laura Kuhn and the John Cage Trust."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1931–36: Apprenticeship",
"text": "He went to Santa Monica, California, where he made a living partly by giving small, private lectures on contemporary art."
},
{
"section_header": "Archives",
"text": "The John Cage Collection at Northwestern University in Illinois contains the composer's correspondence, ephemera, and the Notations collection."
},
{
"section_header": "Archives",
"text": "The John Cage Papers are held in the Special Collections and Archives department of Wesleyan University's Olin Library in Middletown, Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1912–31: Early years",
"text": "Cage was born September 5, 1912, at Good Samaritan Hospital in downtown Los Angeles."
}
] |
John Cage was the day in California.
| 0 | 0 |
John Cage
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tess McGill is a working-class girl from Staten Island with a bachelor's degree in business from evening classes."
}
] |
viJrDSvDEqoW9PGeX81K
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Working Girl is a 1988 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Mike Nichols and starring Melanie Griffith, Harrison Ford and Sigourney Weaver."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Reception",
"text": "Chicago Sun-Times film critic Roger Ebert gave the film four out of four stars and wrote, \"The plot of Working Girl is put together like clockwork."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Box office",
"text": "The film was released on December 23, 1988, in 1,051 theaters and grossed $4.7 million on its opening weekend."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tess McGill is a working-class girl from Staten Island with a bachelor's degree in business from evening classes."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "Working Girl was released on DVD in Widescreen format on April 17, 2001 by 20th Century Fox."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Television",
"text": "Working Girl was also made into a short-lived NBC television series in 1990, starring Sandra Bullock as Tess McGill."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Reception",
"text": "Janet Maslin, in her review for The New York Times, wrote, \"Mike Nichols, who directed Working Girl, also displays an uncharacteristically blunt touch, and in its later stages the story remains lively but seldom has the perceptiveness or acuity of Mr. Nichols's best work\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Reception",
"text": "The site's consensus is; \"A buoyant corporate Cinderella story, Working Girl has the right cast, right story, and right director to make it all come together.\" and a 73 score at Metacritic."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Theatre",
"text": "Instead of a production company on Working Girl, the musical adaptation was switched to a license production by Aged in Wood Productions since Disney took over ownership of Fox Stage in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Accolades | Honors",
"text": "The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: 2002: AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – #91 2003: AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains: Tess McGill – Nominated Hero Katherine Parker – Nominated Villain 2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs: \"Let the River Run\" – #91 2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: Tess McGill: \"I have a head for business and a bod for sin.\" – Nominated 2006: AFI's 100 Years... 100 Cheers – #87 2008: AFI's 10 Top 10: Nominated Romantic Comedy Film"
}
] |
Working Girl is a 1988 American romantic comedy-drama film about a waitress from Newark.
| 0 | 0 |
Working Girl
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance | Tax practices",
"text": "Apple has created subsidiaries in low-tax places such as Ireland, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and the British Virgin Islands to cut the taxes it pays around the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance | Tax practices",
"text": "According to The New York Times, in the 1980s Apple was among the first tech companies to designate overseas salespeople in high-tax countries in a manner that allowed the company to sell on behalf of low-tax subsidiaries on other continents, sidestepping income taxes."
}
] |
vihuNqphlHe9ovhcBBGE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Corporate identity | Brand loyalty",
"text": "The company's growth from two guys to a billion-dollar corporation exemplifies the American Dream."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance | Tax practices",
"text": "Apple has created subsidiaries in low-tax places such as Ireland, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and the British Virgin Islands to cut the taxes it pays around the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance | Tax practices",
"text": "According to The New York Times, in the 1980s Apple was among the first tech companies to designate overseas salespeople in high-tax countries in a manner that allowed the company to sell on behalf of low-tax subsidiaries on other continents, sidestepping income taxes."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance | Tax practices",
"text": "Apple Inc. claims to be the single largest taxpayer to the Department of the Treasury of the United States of America with an effective tax rate of approximately of 26% as of the second quarter of the Apple fiscal year 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance | Tax practices",
"text": "In an interview with the German newspaper FAZ in October 2017, Tim Cook stated, that Apple is the biggest taxpayer worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2007–2011: Success with mobile devices",
"text": "Within a month, the store sold 60 million applications and registered an average daily revenue of $1 million, with Jobs speculating in August 2008 that the App Store could become a billion-dollar business for Apple."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Corporate culture",
"text": "Unlike other major U.S. companies, Apple provides a relatively simple compensation policy for executives that does not include perks enjoyed by other CEOs like country club fees or private use of company aircraft."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate identity | Brand Semiotics",
"text": "Semiotic research can be used to help a company relate to their customer’s culture over time and help their brand to stand out in competitive markets."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate identity | Brand Semiotics",
"text": "Again, using Saussure’s semiotic model, the signified, is an apple, but with a bite taken out of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | iPhone",
"text": "Two million iPhones were sold in the first twenty-four hours of pre-ordering and over five million handsets were sold in the first three days of its launch."
}
] |
Apple was one of the first major companies to use tax loopholes in Ireland to cheat American taxpayers out of millions of dollars.
| 2 | 3 |
Apple Inc.
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Reeves last met his father on the island of Kauai when he was 13.After his parents divorced in 1966, his mother moved the family to Sydney, Australia, and then to New York City, where she married Paul Aaron, a Broadway and Hollywood director, in 1970."
}
] |
vioJnpwLU2hzJ6COyF7t
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Reeves and his sisters grew up primarily in the Yorkville neighbourhood of Toronto, with grandparents and nannies caring for them."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The couple moved to Toronto, Canada, and divorced in 1971."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Because of his grandmother's ethnicity, he grew up around Chinese art, furniture, and cuisine."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1991–1994: Breakthrough with adult roles",
"text": "The New York Times complimented Reeves and Phoenix for their insightful performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Reeves last met his father on the island of Kauai when he was 13.After his parents divorced in 1966, his mother moved the family to Sydney, Australia, and then to New York City, where she married Paul Aaron, a Broadway and Hollywood director, in 1970."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1991–1994: Breakthrough with adult roles",
"text": "Reeves' performance was praised by The New York Times for \"considerable discipline and range\", adding, \"He moves easily between the buttoned-down demeanor that suits a police procedural story and the loose-jointed manner of his comic roles\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "An unofficial holiday was created when a Facebook fan page declared June 15 as \"Cheer-up Keanu Day\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1984–1990: Early work",
"text": "Janet Maslin of The New York Times describes the performances of the young cast as \"natural and credible\", with Reeves being described as \"affecting and sympathetic\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "Filmed on location in the New York City area, the film was eventually released on October 24 in the United States."
}
] |
Keanu Reeves grew up in Toronto until he moved to New York at 20.
| 0 | 0 |
Keanu Reeves
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1967, Harridge was driving through Wilmette when he struck and killed architect Barry Byrne of Evanston."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Harridge was neither ticketed nor charged in the accident."
}
] |
vj4lkkQNRRQg1sDIludz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Harridge died at age 87 in Evanston, Illinois, and is interred in Memorial Park in Skokie, Illinois"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Will Harridge was born in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "He then became president of the American League in 1931, held that post until his retirement in 1958, and then was named president emeritus."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Harridge was neither ticketed nor charged in the accident."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "In 1927, Harridge became the American League secretary."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Harridge often cited a 1932 incident as his most difficult decision in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Harridge faced some criticism for his involvement in allowing Arnold Johnson, a business associate of"
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Harridge decided that Veeck was making a mockery of baseball and cancelled Gaedel's contract the next day."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1967, Harridge was driving through Wilmette when he struck and killed architect Barry Byrne of Evanston."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The American League Championship Series trophy is named the William Harridge Trophy in Harridge's honor."
}
] |
Will Harridge was never held accountable for the reason a citizen of Illinois died in a fatal traffic casualty.
| 0 | 0 |
Will Harridge
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Contemporary",
"text": "Following its application, the EU twice rejected the country's accession to its EU membership."
}
] |
vjsLoPMvcQ7WuRKTzP03
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is an official candidate for membership in the European Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Secondary sector",
"text": "The textile industry has seen an extensive expansion by approaching companies from the European Union (EU) in Albania."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Primary sector",
"text": "As part of the pre-accession process of Albania to the European Union, farmers are being aided through IPA funds to improve Albanian agriculture standards."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Antiquity",
"text": "In ancient times, the incorporated territory of Albania was historically inhabited by Indo-European peoples such as the Ancient Greeks, Thracians and diverse Illyrian tribes."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In 2012, Albania's GDP per capita stood at 30% of the European Union average, while GDP (PPP) per capita was 35%."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Contemporary",
"text": "Following the disintegration of the communist system, Albania plunged itself through an active process of Westernisation and increased workload in the process of its accession to the European Union (EU) and North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | First Republic",
"text": "Many Kelmendi people fled, and some were executed trying to cross the border."
},
{
"section_header": "Governance | Foreign relations",
"text": "The country has been extensively engaged with the organization and has maintained its position as a stability factor and a strong ally of the United States and European Union in the troubled and divided region of the Balkans."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Albania participated at the Olympic Games in 1972 for the first time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Contemporary",
"text": "Out side of it , it also applied to join the European Union on 28 April 2009 however, it received, upon its application, an official candidate status on 24 June 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Contemporary",
"text": "Following its application, the EU twice rejected the country's accession to its EU membership."
}
] |
Albania tried and failed two times to get into the European Union
| 1 | 2 |
Albania
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the only theme park designed and built to completion under the direct supervision of Walt Disney."
}
] |
vk0z7oVFGLpvDUiwsFHD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Origins",
"text": "The concept for Disneyland began when Walt Disney was visiting Griffith Park in Los Angeles with his daughters Diane and Sharon."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Origins",
"text": "For its first five years of operation, Disneyland was owned by Disneyland, Inc., which was jointly owned by Walt Disney Productions, Walt Disney, Western Publishing and ABC."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Closures",
"text": "See or edit raw graph data. Disneyland has had six unscheduled closures: In 1963, following the assassination of John F. Kennedy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century",
"text": "Beginning on January 1, 2010, Disney Parks hosted the Give a Day, Get a Disney Day volunteer program, in which Disney encouraged people to volunteer with a participating charity and receive a free Disney Day at either a Disneyland Resort or Walt Disney World park."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | 1950s and 1960s",
"text": "The Shah of Iran and Empress Farah were invited to Disneyland by Walt Disney in the early 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the only theme park designed and built to completion under the direct supervision of Walt Disney."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Origins",
"text": "U.S. Route 101 (later Interstate 5) was under construction at the same time just north of the site; in preparation for the traffic Disneyland was expected to bring, two more lanes were added to the freeway before the park was finished."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Transportation",
"text": "Walt Disney used to drive the fire engine around the park before it opened, and it has been used to host celebrity guests and in the parades."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Opening day",
"text": "After the extremely negative press from the preview opening, Walt Disney invited attendees back for a private \"second day\" to experience Disneyland properly."
}
] |
Walt Disney was alive to see the finished Disneyland park.
| 3 | 6 |
Disneyland
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Creation and early success",
"text": "On 6 October 1889, the Moulin Rouge opened in the Jardin de Paris, at the foot of the Montmartre hill."
}
] |
vkRlO5goCmtF62RxB9sP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Creation and early success",
"text": "The Expositions Universelles of 1889 and 1900 are symbols of this period."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Greatest moments",
"text": "1900: visitors from around the world, attracted by the Universal Exhibition, flock to the \"Moulin Rouch\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Renewal",
"text": "20 February 1988: Although the original building had burned down in 1915, the Moulin Rouge turns 100."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Renewal",
"text": "1 December 1986: the world's most famous classical dancer, Mikhail Baryshnikov, creates an original ballet by Maurice Béjart at the Moulin Rouge."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Greatest moments",
"text": "The early years of the Moulin Rouge are marked by extravagant shows, inspired by the circus, and attractions that are still famous such as Pétomane."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation and early success",
"text": "On 6 October 1889, the Moulin Rouge opened in the Jardin de Paris, at the foot of the Montmartre hill."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation and early success",
"text": "The Belle Époque was a period of peace and optimism marked by industrial progress, and a particularly rich cultural exuberance was about at the opening of the Moulin Rouge."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original house, which burned down in 1915, was co-founded in 1889 by Charles Zidler and Joseph Oller, who also owned the Paris Olympia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Originally introduced as a seductive dance by the courtesans who operated from the site, the can-can dance revue evolved into a form of entertainment of its own and led to the introduction of cabarets across Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation and early success",
"text": "Nini Pattes en l'Air, Yvette Guilbert, Valentin le désossé, and the clown Cha-U-Kao; A place loved by artists, including Toulouse-Lautrec whose posters and paintings secured rapid and international fame for the Moulin Rouge."
}
] |
The original Moulin Rouge was inaugurated in the early 1900s.
| 0 | 0 |
Moulin Rouge
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan in New York City."
}
] |
vknkUyavNweKIzb5FgcO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Steel structure",
"text": "By June 20, the skyscraper's supporting steel structure had risen to the 26th floor, and by July 27, half of the steel structure had been completed."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Interior",
"text": "It has 6,514 windows; 73 elevators; a total floor area of 2,768,591 sq ft (257,211 m2); and a base covering 2 acres (1 ha)."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Interior",
"text": "Each of the floors has 210 structural columns that pass through it, which provide structural stability, but limits the amount of open space on these floors."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Planning process | Early plans",
"text": "The 1916 Zoning Act forced Lamb to design a structure that incorporated setbacks resulting in the lower floors being larger than the upper floors."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Steel structure",
"text": "The structural steel was pre-ordered and pre-fabricated in anticipation of a revision to the city's building code that would have allowed the Empire State Building's structural steel to carry 18,000 pounds per square inch (120,000 kPa), up from 16,000 pounds per square inch (110,000 kPa), thus reducing the amount of steel needed for the building."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Steel structure",
"text": "The steel structure was topped out at 1,048 feet (319 m) on September 19, twelve days ahead of schedule and 23 weeks after the start of construction."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Steel structure",
"text": "A structural steel contract was awarded on January 12, 1930, with excavation of the site beginning ten days later on January 22, before the old hotel had been completely demolished."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Steel structure",
"text": "Workers raised a flag atop the 86th floor to signify this milestone."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Planning process | Early plans",
"text": "The group also purchased nearby land so they would have the 2 acres (1 ha) needed for the tower's base, with the combined plot measuring 425 feet (130 m) wide by 200 feet (61 m) long."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction | Steel structure",
"text": "There were also cafes and concession stands on five of the incomplete floors so workers did not have to descend to the ground level to eat lunch."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan in New York City."
}
] |
The structure has 125 floors.
| 5 | 6 |
Empire State Building
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has recorded both rock albums and folk-oriented works, and his lyrics often address the experiences and struggles of working-class Americans."
}
] |
vl2R2OYFIpFHJmgyOS2s
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1983: Breakthrough",
"text": "The album sold well, becoming his first No. 1 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1983: Breakthrough",
"text": "By the late 1970s, Springsteen had earned a reputation in the pop world as a songwriter whose material could provide hits for other bands."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2011: Transitions",
"text": "The 2000s ended with Springsteen named one of eight Artists of the Decade by Rolling Stone magazine and with Springsteen's tours ranking him fourth among artists in total concert grosses for the decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1983: Breakthrough",
"text": "While Nebraska did not sell as well as Springsteen's three previous albums, it garnered widespread critical praise (including being named \"Album of the Year\" by Rolling Stone magazine's critics) and influenced later works by other major artists, including U2's album The Joshua Tree."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–present: Autobiography and Broadway show",
"text": "In April 2016, Springsteen was one of the first artists to boycott North Carolina's anti-transgender bathroom bill."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During a career that has spanned five decades, Springsteen has become known for his poetic and socially conscious lyrics and lengthy, energetic stage performances, earning the nickname \"The Boss\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1983: Breakthrough",
"text": "Manfred Mann's Earth Band had achieved a US No. 1 pop hit with a heavily rearranged version of Greetings' \"Blinded by the Light\" in early 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1964–1972: Early years",
"text": "In the late 1960s, Springsteen performed briefly in a power trio known as Earth, playing in clubs in New Jersey, with one major show at the Hotel Diplomat in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1964–1972: Early years",
"text": "N.J. The band eventually became known as the E Street Band, although the name was not used until September 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1983: Breakthrough",
"text": "The subsequent No Nukes live album, as well as the following summer's No Nukes documentary film, represented the first official recordings and footage of Springsteen's fabled live act, as well as Springsteen's first tentative dip into political involvement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has recorded both rock albums and folk-oriented works, and his lyrics often address the experiences and struggles of working-class Americans."
}
] |
Springsteen is a well known pop artist.
| 0 | 0 |
Bruce Springsteen
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Disappearance and death",
"text": "Amundsen disappeared on 18 June 1928 while flying on a rescue mission in the Arctic."
}
] |
vlWyTfB2PubI8fazLB4v
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "North Polar Expeditions and Northeast Passage | Northeast Passage",
"text": "When Amundsen went bankrupt two years later, however, he sent the girls to be cared for by Camilla's father, who lived in eastern Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "Disappearance and death",
"text": "Amundsen disappeared on 18 June 1928 while flying on a rescue mission in the Arctic."
},
{
"section_header": "Disappearance and death",
"text": "The search for Amundsen and team was called off in September 1928 by the Norwegian government, and the bodies were never found."
},
{
"section_header": "Disappearance and death",
"text": "They were seeking missing members of Nobile's crew, whose new airship Italia had crashed while returning from the North Pole."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He disappeared while taking part in a rescue mission for the airship Italia in 1928."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen (UK: , US: ; 16 July 1872 – c. 18 June 1928) was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions and a key figure of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration."
},
{
"section_header": "Disappearance and death",
"text": "They found nothing from the Amundsen flight."
},
{
"section_header": "Works by Amundsen",
"text": "The North-West Passage; Being the Record of a Voyage of Exploration of the Ship \"Gjöa\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works by Amundsen",
"text": "New York: E.P. Dutton and Co. 1908."
},
{
"section_header": "Works by Amundsen",
"text": "OCLC 971379351. South Pole: An Account of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in the \"Fram\"."
}
] |
Amundsen went missing in 1928.
| 2 | 4 |
Roald Amundsen
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jesse Cail Burkett (December 4, 1868 – May 27, 1953), nicknamed \"Crab\", was an American professional baseball left fielder."
}
] |
vlo6OC8kryf1DJaFtMnD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Burkett was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, to Granville and Ellen Burkett."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his playing career, Burkett managed in the minor leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Newspapers described Burkett as retiring from baseball in 1916."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Burkett died in Worcester, Massachusetts, on May 27, 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak years and batting .400",
"text": "In the first game, Burkett and an umpire (Bill Wolf) got into a heated argument and Burkett was thrown out; when he did not leave the field, the umpire threatened to forfeit the game to Louisville."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Burkett managed sporadically in the minor leagues until 1933."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Burkett holds the record for the most inside-the-park home runs in MLB history, with 55."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak years and batting .400",
"text": "Early in the 1897 season, Burkett was hit in the head by a pitch by Fred Klobedanz which knocked him unconscious."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak years and batting .400",
"text": "On August 4, 1897 Burkett was ejected from both games of a doubleheader against the Louisville Colonels."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak years and batting .400",
"text": "Similar to the first game, he did not leave the field and two police officers were called in and dragged Burkett from the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jesse Cail Burkett (December 4, 1868 – May 27, 1953), nicknamed \"Crab\", was an American professional baseball left fielder."
}
] |
Burkett was referred to as "Crab".
| 2 | 2 |
Jesse Burkett
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Effect on Goethe",
"text": "Although he wrote Werther at the age of 24, it was all for which some of his visitors in his old age knew him."
}
] |
vlzBCqOMkSmAhTsdZ4Hw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "As he commented to his secretary in 1821, \"It must be bad, if not everybody was to have a time in his life, when he felt as though Werther had been written exclusively for him.\" Even fifty years after the book's publication, Goethe wrote in a conversation with Johann Peter Eckermann about the emotional turmoil he had gone through while writing the book: \"That was a creation which I, like the pelican, fed with the blood of my own heart.\" The Sorrows of Young Werther turned Goethe, previously an unknown author, into a literary celebrity almost overnight."
},
{
"section_header": "Effect on Goethe",
"text": "Yet, Goethe substantially reworked the book for the 1787 edition and acknowledged the great personal and emotional influence that The Sorrows of Young Werther could exert on forlorn young lovers who discovered it."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Most of The Sorrows of Young Werther, a story about unrequited love, is presented as a collection of letters written by Werther, a young artist of a sensitive and passionate temperament, to his friend Wilhelm."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternative versions and appearances",
"text": "The statistician Karl Pearson's first book was The New Werther."
},
{
"section_header": "Effect on Goethe",
"text": "Although he wrote Werther at the age of 24, it was all for which some of his visitors in his old age knew him."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations",
"text": "The Sorrows of Young Werther, Modern Library, tr."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations",
"text": "The Sorrows of Young Werther, Oxford World's Classics, tr."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations",
"text": "The Sorrows of Young Werther, Dover Thrift Editions, tr."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "\" Often the book was found at the scene of the suicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations",
"text": "The Sorrows of Young Werther, & Novelle, Classics Edition, tr."
}
] |
The author of the book The Sorrows of Young Werther was only twenty four years old when the book was written.
| 2 | 4 |
The Sorrows of Young Werther
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Toponymy",
"text": "The first known name of the city is Byzantium (Greek: Βυζάντιον, Byzántion),"
}
] |
vm6HsibD1gdZYGngSOMw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 6th millennium BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE, when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on the European side of the Bosphorus."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Byzantium then continued as part of the Athenian League and its successor, the Second Athenian League, before gaining independence in 355 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Toponymy",
"text": "The first known name of the city is Byzantium (Greek: Βυζάντιον, Byzántion),"
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation",
"text": "Once all phases are completed in 2025, the airport will be able to accommodate 200 million passengers a year."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religious and ethnic groups",
"text": "The Levantines, Latin Christians who settled in Galata during the Ottoman period, played a seminal role in shaping the culture and architecture of Istanbul during the 19th and early 20th centuries; their population has dwindled, but they remain in the city in small numbers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "As the eastern capital of the empire, the city was named Nova Roma; most called it Constantinople, a name that persisted into the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire",
"text": "Two months later, he laid out the plans for a new, Christian city to replace Byzantium."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ottoman Empire and Turkish Republic eras",
"text": "From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"Sürgün\" in Turkish (Greek: σουργούνιδες)."
}
] |
The city of Istanbul was once called Byzantium and has been settled since at least the 6th millennium BCE.
| 0 | 0 |
Istanbul
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 – January 27, 1893) was an American statesman and Republican politician who represented Maine in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1876, serving as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1869 to 1875, and then in the United States Senate from 1876 to 1881."
}
] |
vmB46WgO4VQJNAcOWhje
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Elected to the House",
"text": "Blaine had considered running for the United States House of Representatives from Maine's 4th district in 1860, but agreed to step aside when Anson P. Morrill, a former governor, announced his interest in the seat."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate, 1876–1881",
"text": "On monetary issues, Blaine continued the advocacy for a strong dollar that he had begun as a Representative."
},
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Blaine Amendment",
"text": "The proposed amendment codified the church-state separation Blaine and Grant were promoting, stating that: No State shall make any law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; and no money raised by taxation in any State for the support of public schools, or derived from any public fund therefor, nor any public lands devoted thereto, shall ever be under the control of any religious sect; nor shall any money so raised or lands so devoted be divided between religious sects or denominations."
},
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Blaine Amendment",
"text": "In late 1875, President Grant made several speeches on the importance of the separation of church and state and the duty of the states to provide free public education."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 – January 27, 1893) was an American statesman and Republican politician who represented Maine in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1876, serving as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1869 to 1875, and then in the United States Senate from 1876 to 1881."
},
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Reconstruction and impeachment",
"text": "Blaine was reelected in 1864 and, when the 39th Congress assembled in December 1865, the main issue was the Reconstruction of the defeated Confederate States."
},
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Blaine Amendment",
"text": "The effect was to prohibit the use of public funds by any religious school, although it did not advance Grant's other aim of requiring states to provide public education to all children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Maine politics",
"text": "In 1858, Blaine ran for a seat in the Maine House of Representatives, and was elected."
},
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Reconstruction and impeachment",
"text": "Although he was not a member of the committee charged with drafting what became the Fourteenth Amendment, Blaine did make his views on the subject known and believed that three-fourths of the non-seceded states would be needed to ratify it, rather than three-fourths of all states, an opinion that did not prevail and placed him, atypically, in the radical camp."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate, 1876–1881",
"text": "Democratic Representative Richard P. Bland of Missouri proposed a bill, which passed the House, that required the United States to coin as much silver as miners could sell the government, thus increasing the money supply and aiding debtors."
}
] |
Blaine was a representative of the state of Mississippi.
| 0 | 4 |
James G. Blaine
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty by his victory and subsequent marriage to a Yorkist princess."
}
] |
vmBqNuLW9bYhPB16KYJ8
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fought on 22 August 1485, the battle was won by the Lancastrians."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-battle",
"text": "Henry further convinced Parliament to backdate his reign to the day before the battle, enabling him retrospectively to declare as traitors those who had fought against him at Bosworth Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Factions | Lancastrians",
"text": "Having not fought in any battles, Henry recruited several experienced veterans to command his armies."
},
{
"section_header": "Factions | Yorkist",
"text": "He was a military veteran, having fought in the Battle of Towton in 1461 and served as Hastings' deputy at Calais in 1471."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "John Morton, a bishop of Flanders, learned of the scheme and warned the Tudors, who fled to France."
},
{
"section_header": "Factions | Lancastrians",
"text": "He spent the first fourteen years of his life in Wales and the next fourteen in Brittany and France."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-battle",
"text": "The purge of those who fought for Richard occupied Henry's first two years of rule, although later he proved prepared to accept those who submitted to him regardless of their former allegiances."
},
{
"section_header": "Battlefield location | Historians' theories",
"text": "Moreover, he proposes that Williams was influenced by William Hutton's 1788 The Battle of Bosworth-Field, which Foss blames for introducing the notion that the battle was fought west of Ambion Hill on the north side of the River Sence."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Duke of Brittany, however, viewed Henry as a valuable tool to bargain for England's aid in conflicts with France and kept the Tudors under his protection."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and historical significance | Historical depictions and interpretations",
"text": "For Professor Peter Saccio, the battle was indeed a unique clash in the annals of English history, because \"the victory was determined, not by those who fought, but by those who delayed fighting until they were sure of being on the winning side."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty by his victory and subsequent marriage to a Yorkist princess."
}
] |
The battle was fought in France.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Bosworth Field
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory regarding the relationship between space and time."
}
] |
vmolHo0Hu14COtcaCwwk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Lorentz invariance as the essential core of special relativity | Graphical representation of the Lorentz transformation",
"text": "times the spacing between c"
},
{
"section_header": "Consequences derived from the Lorentz transformation | Time dilation",
"text": "To find the relation between the times between these ticks as measured in both systems, Equation 3 can be used to find: Δ t"
},
{
"section_header": "Technical discussion of spacetime | Geometry of spacetime | Comparison between flat Euclidean space and Minkowski space",
"text": "Then space and time have equivalent units, and no factors of c appear anywhere."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical discussion of spacetime | Geometry of spacetime | Comparison between flat Euclidean space and Minkowski space",
"text": "Special relativity uses a 'flat' 4-dimensional Minkowski space – an example of a spacetime."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory regarding the relationship between space and time."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical discussion of spacetime | Geometry of spacetime | Comparison between flat Euclidean space and Minkowski space",
"text": "Minkowski spacetime appears to be very similar to the standard 3-dimensional Euclidean space, but there is a crucial difference with respect to time."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical discussion of spacetime | Geometry of spacetime | Comparison between flat Euclidean space and Minkowski space",
"text": "To make the time coordinate look like the space coordinates, it can be treated as imaginary: X0 = ict (this is called a Wick rotation)."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical discussion of spacetime | Geometry of spacetime | Comparison between flat Euclidean space and Minkowski space",
"text": "This suggests a deep theoretical insight: special relativity is simply a rotational symmetry of our spacetime, analogous to the rotational symmetry of Euclidean space (see Fig."
},
{
"section_header": "Technical discussion of spacetime | Geometry of spacetime | Comparison between flat Euclidean space and Minkowski space",
"text": "Basically, special relativity can be stated as the invariance of any spacetime interval (that is the 4D distance between any two events) when viewed from any inertial reference frame."
},
{
"section_header": "Dynamics | Equivalence of mass and energy",
"text": "The energy and momentum, which are separate in Newtonian mechanics, form a four-vector in relativity, and this relates the time component (the energy) to the space components (the momentum) in a non-trivial way."
}
] |
Special relativity is about the relation between space and time.
| 0 | 2 |
Special relativity
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "All-Stars. A talented athlete, Jenkins competed in track and field, ice hockey, and basketball in his school years, lettering five times."
}
] |
vn5313onSBjNR3h9rOj3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honours and awards",
"text": "In 2011, the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame created the Ferguson Jenkins Heritage Award in his honour to commemorate those one-of-a-kind events or special moments in time that so embellish the long history of sports in Ontario."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Jenkins was born and raised in Chatham, Ontario, the only child of Delores Jackson and Ferguson Jenkins Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honours and awards",
"text": "Jenkins was inducted into the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 1995, and was inducted onto Canada's Walk of Fame in 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jenkins played the majority of his career for the Cubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | MLB career | 1971 season",
"text": "He was outpitched in several statistical categories by New York Mets pitcher Tom Seaver, but Jenkins pitched in hitter-friendly Wrigley Field and Seaver worked in pitcher-friendly Shea Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferguson Arthur \"Fergie\" Jenkins CM (born December 13, 1942) is a Canadian former professional baseball pitcher and coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | MLB career | Later seasons",
"text": "By the middle of the following season, Jenkins expressed that he did not feel like playing baseball anymore."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | MLB career | 1971 season",
"text": "He played in the All-Star Game and finished seventh in MVP voting."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When he began playing bantam baseball in his teens, he started out as a first baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jenkins also played basketball in the off-season for the Harlem Globetrotters from 1967 to 1969, and pitched two seasons in Canada for the minor league London Majors following his major league career."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "All-Stars. A talented athlete, Jenkins competed in track and field, ice hockey, and basketball in his school years, lettering five times."
}
] |
Ferguson Jenkins did play several sports.
| 0 | 0 |
Ferguson Jenkins
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The statue of Zeus was commissioned by the Eleans, custodians of the Olympic Games, in the latter half of the fifth century BC for their newly constructed Temple of Zeus."
}
] |
vnjtYST3Zrlgv1Lo7wHW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The statue occupied half the width of the aisle of the temple built to house it."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The statue of Zeus was commissioned by the Eleans, custodians of the Olympic Games, in the latter half of the fifth century BC for their newly constructed Temple of Zeus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 12.4 m (41 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "\" It seems that if Zeus were to stand up,\" the geographer Strabo noted early in the 1st century BC, \"he would unroof the temple.\" The Zeus was a chryselephantine sculpture, made with ivory and gold panels on a wooden substructure."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him—whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Phidias could see him—the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad: ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Zeus' golden sandals rested upon a footstool decorated with an Amazonomachy in relief."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zeus was the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", it represented the god Zeus on a cedarwood throne ornamented with ebony, ivory, gold and precious stones."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "Alternatively, the statue perished along with the temple, which was severely damaged by fire in 425 AD."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "I banned participation in pagan cults and closed the temples."
}
] |
The Statue of Zeus was authorized by the people of Elis/Eleia and built in the Temple of Zeus.
| 0 | 0 |
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west and Sudan to the northwest."
}
] |
voM58t6DV58IUnufLWNA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Ethiopia is an ecologically diverse country, ranging from the deserts along the eastern border to the tropical forests in the south to extensive Afromontane in the northern and southwestern parts."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Additionally, Nilo-Saharan-speaking ethnic minorities inhabit the southern regions of the country, particularly in areas of the Gambela Region which borders South Sudan."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Lengthy prison terms were handed to 17 Muslim activists on 3 August 2015 ranging from seven to 22 years."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Federal Democratic Republic (1991–present)",
"text": "In May 1998, a border dispute with Eritrea led to the Eritrean–Ethiopian War, which lasted until June 2000 and cost both countries an estimated $1 million a day."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Exports",
"text": "Cross-border trade by pastoralists is often informal and beyond state control and regulation."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Time",
"text": "Time in Ethiopia is counted differently from most countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Exports",
"text": "In East Africa, over 95% of cross-border trade is through unofficial channels."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Exports",
"text": "However, the unregulated and undocumented nature of this trade runs risks, such as allowing disease to spread more easily across national borders."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "In English, and generally outside of Ethiopia, the country was once historically known as Abyssinia."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Exports",
"text": "When completed, it will provide surplus energy in Ethiopia which will be available for export to neighboring countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west and Sudan to the northwest."
}
] |
Ethiopia is bordered by 3 countries.
| 3 | 5 |
Ethiopia
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The Emperor Jones is about an American Negro, a Pullman porter who escapes to an island in the West Indies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Emperor Jones is a 1920 play by American dramatist Eugene O'Neill that tells the tale of Brutus Jones, a resourceful, self-assured African American and a former Pullman porter, who kills another black man in a dice game, is jailed, and later escapes to a small, backward Caribbean island where he sets himself up as emperor."
}
] |
voZvyVFHMiZM5BCpp9Y4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Productions | 1920 premiere",
"text": "The Emperor Jones was first staged on November 1, 1920, by the Provincetown Players at the Provincetown Playhouse in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Emperor Jones was included in Burns Mantle's The Best Plays of 1920–1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Emperor Jones is a 1920 play by American dramatist Eugene O'Neill that tells the tale of Brutus Jones, a resourceful, self-assured African American and a former Pullman porter, who kills another black man in a dice game, is jailed, and later escapes to a small, backward Caribbean island where he sets himself up as emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Unlike other British television versions, it still exists, and has been released on DVD."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Brutus Jones, Emperor Smithers, a Cockney Trader"
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "In two years, Jones makes himself \"Emperor\" of the place."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The first and last scenes are essentially a framing device with a character named Smithers, a white trader who appears to be part of illegal activities."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Emperor Jones was O'Neill's first big box-office hit."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "It is the equivalent of the heart-beat which assumes a higher and higher pitch; while coming closer it denotes the premonition of approaching punishment and the climactic recoil of internal guilt of the hero; he wanders and falters in the jungle, present throughout the play with its primeval terror and blackness."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | 1920 premiere",
"text": "Charles Sidney Gilpin, a respected leading man from the all-black Lafayette Players of Harlem, was the first actor to play the role of Brutus Jones on stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The Emperor Jones is about an American Negro, a Pullman porter who escapes to an island in the West Indies."
}
] |
The Emperor Jones is the name of a play about a British blacksmith who travels to international waters and becomes a ruler in 1920.
| 0 | 0 |
The Emperor Jones
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt is fluent in French and maintains a home outside Paris."
}
] |
vpkGsnFsuz68VVomGJBS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two of his classmates there were Christopher Reeve and Robin Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played another leading role, as Arkady Renko, in Gorky Park (1983)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He received another two Academy Award nominations for his lead performances in Children of a Lesser God (1986) and Broadcast News (1987)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Hurt also starred in Tuck Everlasting as Angus Tuck."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt is a private pilot and owner of a Beechcraft Bonanza."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Hurt was born in Washington, D.C., the son of Claire Isabel (née McGill), who worked at Time Inc., and Alfred McChord Hurt, who worked for the State Department."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt is fluent in French and maintains a home outside Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt and Jennings remained officially unmarried and later separated."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Hurt began his career in stage productions, only later acting in films."
}
] |
William Hurt does speak another language.
| 2 | 5 |
William Hurt
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "In December 2006, Robert \"Evel\" Knievel sued West for trademark infringement in West's video for \"Touch the Sky\"."
}
] |
vpuKXdMcIQ4MsrEklM8d
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "In December 2006, Robert \"Evel\" Knievel sued West for trademark infringement in West's video for \"Touch the Sky\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "The suit claimed infringement on Knievel's trademarked name and likeness."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "Knievel also claimed that the \"vulgar and offensive\" images depicted in the video damaged his reputation."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "Knievel took issue with a \"sexually charged video\" in which West takes on the persona of \"Evel Kanyevel\" and attempts flying a rocket over a canyon."
},
{
"section_header": "Achievements",
"text": "West has received the most nominations for Best Hip-Hop Video at the MTV Video Music Awards (9), along with, the second-most nominations for Best Male Video (7)."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style | 1990s–2000s",
"text": "Critic Robert Christgau wrote that \"there's never been hip-hop so complex and subtle musically.\" In addition, West's flow improved since his debut album."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "On August 30, 2015, West was presented with the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the MTV Video Music Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "Just days before his death in November 2007, Knievel amicably settled the suit after being paid a visit from West, saying, \"I thought he was a wonderful guy and quite a gentleman."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "On September 13, 2009, during the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards while Taylor Swift was accepting her award for Best Female Video for \"You Belong with Me\", West went on stage and grabbed the microphone to proclaim that Beyoncé's video for \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\", nominated for the same award, was \"one of the best videos of all time\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–09: Graduation, 808s and Heartbreak, and VMAs controversy",
"text": "During the ceremony, West crashed the stage and grabbed the microphone from Taylor Swift during her acceptance speech for \"Best Female Video\" in order to proclaim that Beyoncé's video for \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\", nominated for the same award, was \"one of the best videos of all time."
}
] |
West was sued for trademark infringement in his video "Touch the Sky" by Robert "Evel" Knievel.
| 2 | 5 |
Kanye West
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Douglas had previously defeated Lincoln in the 1858 United States Senate election in Illinois, known for the Lincoln–Douglas debates."
}
] |
vqCzuVJfr7HQ742mG3Fg
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Senator | Buchanan administration | Lincoln-Douglas debates",
"text": "After his defeat by Lyman Trumbull in the 1856 Senate election, Abraham Lincoln began planning to run against Douglas in the 1858 Senate election."
},
{
"section_header": "Senator | Buchanan administration | Lincoln-Douglas debates",
"text": "In an election that saw higher turnout than that of the 1856 presidential election, Democrats won 54 of the 100 seats in the state legislature."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "In 1836, he won election to the Illinois House of Representatives, defeating Whig Party candidate John J. Hardin."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "Douglas joined a legislature that included five future senators, seven future congressmen, and one future president: Abraham Lincoln, who was at that time a member of the Whig Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "In early 1841, Douglas accepted election to the Illinois Supreme Court."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Arnold Douglas (April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician and lawyer from Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "Joseph Smith then pronounced the following prophecy on the head of Stephen A. Douglas: Judge, you will aspire to the presidency of the United States; and if ever you turn your hand against me or the Latter-day Saints, you will feel the weight of the hand of Almighty upon you; and you will live to see and know that I have testified the truth to you; for the conversation of this day will stick to you through life."
},
{
"section_header": "Senator | Buchanan administration | Lincoln-Douglas debates",
"text": "Lincoln strongly rejected proposals to cooperate with Douglas against Buchanan, and he won the Republican nomination to oppose Douglas."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Illinois politician",
"text": "After the election, Governor Thomas Carlin appointed Douglas as the Illinois Secretary of State, making Douglas the youngest individual to hold the post."
},
{
"section_header": "Senator | Pierce administration",
"text": "Buchanan dominated in the South, but Frémont won several Northern states and Douglas ally William Alexander Richardson lost the 1856 Illinois gubernatorial election."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Douglas had previously defeated Lincoln in the 1858 United States Senate election in Illinois, known for the Lincoln–Douglas debates."
}
] |
In 1856, former Illinois politician Stephen Douglas won the Illinois senate seat against Abraham Lincoln.
| 2 | 3 |
Stephen A. Douglas
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Film, radio, and television adaptations",
"text": "In 2016 the BBC adapted the novel for a five-part afternoon TV series The Moonstone starting 31 October 2016."
}
] |
vqmkaHsMycJn5dMlrNPN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Moonstone and The Woman in White are widely considered to be Collins's best novels, and Collins adapted The Moonstone for the stage in 1877, although the play was performed for only two months."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "The Moonstone represents Collins's only complete reprisal of the popular \"multi-narration\" method that he had previously used to great effect in The Woman in White."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Moonstone (1868) by Wilkie Collins is a 19th-century British epistolary novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "After The Moonstone Collins wrote novels containing more overt social commentary that did not achieve the same audience."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, radio, and television adaptations",
"text": "In 2016 the BBC adapted the novel for a five-part afternoon TV series The Moonstone starting 31 October 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "A heavily fictionalised account of Collins's life while writing The Moonstone forms much of the plot of Dan Simmons's novel Drood (2009)."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "The book is regarded by some as the precursor of the modern mystery novel and the suspense novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "However, The Moonstone introduced a number of the elements that became classic attributes of the twentieth-century detective story in novel form, as opposed to Poe's short story form."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is generally considered to be the first detective novel, and it established many of the ground rules of the modern detective novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "The novel was Collins's last great success, coming at the end of an extraordinarily productive period in which four successive novels became bestsellers."
}
] |
The Moonstone is a novel, play and a popular web-series overseas.
| 0 | 0 |
The Moonstone
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Although the vocabulary is generally basic, the stream-of-consciousness technique, which attempts to transcribe the thoughts of the narrators directly, with frequent switches in time and setting and with loose sentence structure and grammar, has made it a quintessentially difficult work."
}
] |
vrQXBpCeWbODlX0aqWZ7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is a widely influential work of literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is a novel by the American author William Faulkner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Published in 1929, The Sound and the Fury was Faulkner's fourth novel, and was not immediately successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is set in Jefferson, Mississippi, in the first third of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "In 1945, Faulkner wrote a \"Compson Appendix\" to be included with future printings of The Sound and the Fury."
},
{
"section_header": "Limited edition",
"text": "In 2012, The Folio Society released an edition, limited to 1,480 copies, of The Sound and the Fury."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and structure",
"text": "Thus, these time shifts can often be jarring and confusing, and require particularly close reading."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1998, the Modern Library ranked The Sound and the Fury sixth on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Appendix: Compson: 1699–1945",
"text": "At Faulkner's behest, however, subsequent printings of The Sound and the Fury frequently contain the appendix at the end of the book; it is sometimes referred to as the fifth part."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "In 1998, the Modern Library ranked The Sound and the Fury sixth on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Although the vocabulary is generally basic, the stream-of-consciousness technique, which attempts to transcribe the thoughts of the narrators directly, with frequent switches in time and setting and with loose sentence structure and grammar, has made it a quintessentially difficult work."
}
] |
The Sound and the Fury is an easy read.
| 0 | 2 |
The Sound and the Fury
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "It was hugely profitable for its era, earning a net profit of $18,500,000, against a production budget of $13.27 million (the most a film had cost up to that point).By the time of its withdrawal from distribution at the end of 1960, The Ten Commandments had overtaken Gone with the Wind at the box office in the North American territory, and mounted a serious challenge in the global market—the worldwide takings for Gone with the Wind were reported to stand at $59 million at the time."
}
] |
vsSUBQYjaFnwRoMvsAng
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "remains one of the most popular films ever made."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" The critic Camille Paglia has called The Ten Commandments one of the ten greatest films of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Television broadcast",
"text": "Since 2006 the network has typically aired The Ten Commandments on the Saturday night prior to Easter, with the broadcast starting at 7 p.m. in the Eastern and Pacific Time Zones and 6 p.m. Central/Mountain/Alaska/Hawaii. (An exception was in 2020 when the film aired before Palm Sunday.) The film is one of only two pre-scheduled ABC Saturday Movies of the Week every year, the other being The Sound of Music."
},
{
"section_header": "Television broadcast",
"text": "Unlike many lengthy films of the day, which were usually broken up into separate airings over at least two nights, ABC elected to show The Ten Commandments in one night and has done so every year it has carried the film, with one exception; in 1997, ABC elected to split the movie in two and aired half of it in its normal Easter Sunday slot, which that year was March 30, with the second half airing on Monday, March 31 as counterprogramming to the other networks' offerings, which included CBS' coverage of the NCAA Men's Basketball Championship Game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is also one of the most financially successful films ever made, grossing approximately $122.7 million (equivalent to $1.15 billion in 2019) at the box office during its initial release; it was the most successful film of 1956 and the second-highest-grossing film of the decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "The score for The Ten Commandments was composed and conducted by Elmer Bernstein."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "It was hugely profitable for its era, earning a net profit of $18,500,000, against a production budget of $13.27 million (the most a film had cost up to that point).By the time of its withdrawal from distribution at the end of 1960, The Ten Commandments had overtaken Gone with the Wind at the box office in the North American territory, and mounted a serious challenge in the global market—the worldwide takings for Gone with the Wind were reported to stand at $59 million at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He sees the Ten Commandments created by God in two stone tablets."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ten Commandments dramatizes the biblical story of the life of Moses, an adopted Egyptian prince who becomes the deliverer of his real brethren, the enslaved Hebrews, and thereafter leads the Exodus to Mount Sinai, where he receives, from God, the Ten Commandments."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "DeMille was \"very much impressed\" with Yvonne De Carlo's performance as a \"saintly type of woman\" in MGM's Sombrero."
}
] |
The Ten Commandments movie was made on a very low budget.
| 2 | 4 |
The Ten Commandments (1956 film)
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Setting and popular culture references",
"text": "The town is based in large part on Willson's birthplace, Mason City, Iowa, and many of the musical's characters are based on people that Willson observed in the town.."
}
] |
vsxoWcqehnOo9wNBZdLU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Music Man is a musical with book, music, and lyrics by Meredith Willson, based on a story by Willson and Franklin Lacey."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting and popular culture references",
"text": "The town is based in large part on Willson's birthplace, Mason City, Iowa, and many of the musical's characters are based on people that Willson observed in the town.."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "John Chapman of the Daily News pronounced The Music Man \"one of the few great musical comedies of the last 26 years\", stating that Of Thee"
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Television",
"text": "the TV show My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, makes numerous allusions to The Music Man, including a song based on \"Ya Got Trouble\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Television",
"text": "He says, on the DVD commentary track for the aforementioned Simpsons episode, that it was the hardest choice he's ever had to make professionally, because The Music Man is one of his favorites."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Meredith Willson was inspired by his boyhood in Mason City, Iowa, to write and compose his first musical, The Music Man."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Music",
"text": "The political satire group, the Capitol Steps, parodies numerous songs from musicals, including The Music Man."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting and popular culture references",
"text": "The Music Man is set in the fictional town of River City, Iowa, in 1912."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings",
"text": "In 1959, jazz composer and arranger Jimmy Giuffre released Jimmy Giuffre and His Music Men Play The Music Man, consisting of jazz arrangements of tunes from the musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Its equal arrived in 1950 – Guys and Dolls – and I would say that The Music Man ranks with these two\"."
}
] |
The Music Man was based on a dream that Willson had.
| 2 | 6 |
The Music Man
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ABBA (, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈabːa]) is a Swedish pop supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad."
}
] |
vtALcZJY2ANmhsF2rjcm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | First live performance and the start of \"Festfolket\"",
"text": "What started as singing for fun on the beach ended up as an improvised live performance in front of the United Nations soldiers stationed on the island."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | First live performance and the start of \"Festfolket\"",
"text": "Fältskog and Lyngstad added backing vocals on several tracks during June, and the idea of their working together saw them launch a stage act, \"Festfolket\" (which translates from Swedish to \"Party People\"), on 1 November 1970 in Gothenburg."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Resurgence of public interest",
"text": "On 4 July 2008, all four ABBA members were reunited at the Swedish premiere of the film Mamma Mia!."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Break and reunion",
"text": "Money is not a factor and we would like people to remember us as we were."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1976–1981: Superstardom | European and Australian tour",
"text": "After the European leg of the tour, in March 1977, ABBA played 11 dates in Australia before a total of 160,000 people."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | Member origins and collaboration",
"text": "When Benny Andersson started to produce her recordings in 1971, she had her first number-one single, \"Min egen stad\" (\"My Own Town\"), written by Benny and featuring all the future ABBA members on backing vocals."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–1973: Forming the group | Official naming",
"text": "In 1973, Stig Anderson, tired of unwieldy names, started to refer to the group privately and publicly as ABBA (a palindrome)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | Member origins and collaboration",
"text": "Ulvaeus started writing English-language songs for his group, and even had a brief solo career alongside."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable ABBA related tributes | Musical groups",
"text": "A-Teens – A pop music group from Stockholm, Sweden"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1976–1981: Superstardom | European and Australian tour",
"text": "At the first Melbourne concert, an additional 16,000 people gathered outside the fenced-off area to listen to the concert."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ABBA (, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈabːa]) is a Swedish pop supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad."
}
] |
ABBA was started by 4 people from Sweden.
| 3 | 5 |
ABBA
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Wright died of a lung ailment on October 3, 1895 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, He is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania."
}
] |
vtCetJsVhCr9smPbwIl2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cincinnati",
"text": "As it turned out, the Association also passed from the scene."
},
{
"section_header": "After Boston | Philadelphia",
"text": "During his career, Wright had often served as umpire, even for games involving rival teams, due to his high ethical standards."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Harry dropped out of school at age 14 to work for a jewelry manufacturer, and worked at Tiffany's for several years."
},
{
"section_header": "After Boston | Philadelphia",
"text": "Unfortunately, that was to be the high-water mark of Wright's tenure in Philadelphia, as the team hovered in the middle of the pack, finishing between third and fifth every year from 1888 until 1893 (although he missed a large portion of the 1890 season due to problems with his eyesight)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Sheffield, England, he was the eldest of five children of professional cricketer Samuel Wright and his wife, Annie Tone Wright."
},
{
"section_header": "After Boston | Providence",
"text": "While in Providence, Wright instituted the concept of a farm team."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Wright was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Cincinnati",
"text": "By now, Wright was 31, probably past his athletic prime."
},
{
"section_header": "After Boston | Philadelphia",
"text": "In 1884, Wright was brought in to manage the new Philadelphia team."
},
{
"section_header": "After Boston | Providence",
"text": "The team dropped to third the following year, and Wright moved on again."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Wright died of a lung ailment on October 3, 1895 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, He is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania."
}
] |
Wright passed due to a heart attack at the age of 60.
| 0 | 0 |
Harry Wright
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In his sixteen-year Major League career, he managed the Boston Beaneaters for twelve seasons, and the Chicago Orphans/Cubs for four."
}
] |
vuA5ZJSh0UinM3tyAdV2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frank Gibson Selee (October 26, 1859 – July 5, 1909) was an American Major League Baseball manager in the National League (NL)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In total, he had 1,284 victories in 2,180 games as manager during his 16-year career, with a winning percentage of .598."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The following year, the team went 71–60–2 while finishing in a tie for fifth place with the Brooklyn Grooms and 16½ games behind the Orioles."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Selee was born in Amherst, New Hampshire."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "This was the fifth and final pennant for Selee and the Beaneaters."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "His successor was Frank Chance, who went on lead the Cubs to four National League titles and two World Series victories."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-career",
"text": "Selee died of consumption (tuberculosis) at the age of 49 in Denver, Colorado, and was interred at Wyoming Cemetery in Melrose, Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In the following year, the schedule increased to 140 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Noted for having a keen ability to assess talent, Selee managed the Boston Beaneaters (1890–1901) and the Chicago Cubs (1902–1905)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After he left Boston, he went on to manage in Chicago where he built the basis for the Cubs' later success by signing and utilizing the talents of Frank Chance, Joe Tinker, and Johnny Evers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In his sixteen-year Major League career, he managed the Boston Beaneaters for twelve seasons, and the Chicago Orphans/Cubs for four."
}
] |
Frank Selee had a 16 year long American MLB career.
| 1 | 2 |
Frank Selee
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The clock uses its original Victorian mechanism, but an electric motor can be used as a backup."
}
] |
vuggy1jP8h5lI3ISfUao
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Clock | Breakdowns and other incidents | 21st century",
"text": "August 2015: The clock was discovered to be running 7 seconds fast, and coins were removed from its pendulum to correct the error, which caused it to run slow for a time.21 August 2017: Start of 4-year silencing of the chimes during maintenance and repair work to the clock mechanism, and repairs and improvements to the clock tower building."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The clock uses its original Victorian mechanism, but an electric motor can be used as a backup."
},
{
"section_header": "Clock | Movement",
"text": "This escapement provides the best separation between pendulum and clock mechanism."
},
{
"section_header": "Clock | Movement",
"text": "The clockwork mechanism in a room below weighs five tons."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "The 2,567 cast-iron roof tiles will be removed and replaced, and a lift will be installed to make access easier, along with a basic washroom with running water."
},
{
"section_header": "Clock | Breakdowns and other incidents | 21st century",
"text": "The intention was that the clock should run accurately for a further 200 years before major maintenance is again required; in fact the repairs sufficed for ten years.17 April 2013: The bells were silenced as a mark of \"profound dignity and deep respect\" during the funeral of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Clock | Breakdowns and other incidents | 21st century",
"text": "It resumed, but stopped again at 10:20 pm, and remained still for about 90 minutes before resuming.29 October 2005: The mechanism was stopped for about 33 hours to allow maintenance work on the clock and its chimes."
},
{
"section_header": "Clock | Breakdowns and other incidents | 19th century",
"text": "Before 1878: The clock stopped for the first time in its history, \"through a heavy fall of snow\" on the hands of a clock face.21 August 1877-January 1878: The clock was stopped for three weeks to allow the tower and mechanism to be cleaned and repaired."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "The clock faces are also to be regilded, and the shields of St George are to be repainted in their original red and white colours."
},
{
"section_header": "Nickname",
"text": "The origin of the nickname Big Ben is the subject of some debate."
}
] |
The clock is only run by it's original mechanism.
| 3 | 5 |
Big Ben
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background and conception",
"text": "Lewis later suggested that the experience gave him a new appreciation of children and in late September he began a children's story on an odd sheet of paper which has survived as part of another manuscript: This book is about four children whose names were Ann, Martin, Rose and Peter."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and conception",
"text": "They were sent to stay with a kind of relation of Mother's who was a very old professor who lived all by himself in the country."
}
] |
vuxGkzjKPXNIvEwYi667
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of fantasy novels by British author C. S. Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Reading order",
"text": "Doris Meyer, author of C. S. Lewis in Context and Bareface: A guide to C. S. Lewis, writes that rearranging the stories chronologically \"lessens the impact of the individual stories\" and \"obscures the literary structures as a whole\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Film",
"text": "In answering a letter with a question posed by a child in 1957, asking if the Narnia series could please be on television, C. S. Lewis wrote back: \"They'd be no good on TV."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Accusations of gender stereotyping",
"text": "In later years, both Lewis and the Chronicles have been criticised (often by other authors of fantasy fiction) for gender role stereotyping, though other authors have defended Lewis in this area."
},
{
"section_header": "Reading order",
"text": "In the 2005 HarperCollins adult editions of the books, the publisher cites this letter to assert Lewis's preference for the numbering they adopted by including this notice on the copyright page: Although The Magician's Nephew was written several years after C. S. Lewis first began The Chronicles of Narnia, he wanted it to be read as the first book in the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on popular culture",
"text": "Examples include: Charlotte Staples Lewis, a character first seen early in the fourth season of the TV series Lost, is named in reference to C. S. Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Film",
"text": "The second novel adapted was The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and conception",
"text": "They were sent to stay with a kind of relation of Mother's who was a very old professor who lived all by himself in the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on popular culture",
"text": "C. S. Lewis is explicitly acknowledged as an influence in the liner notes of the 1990 compact disc."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and conception",
"text": "In \"It All Began With a Picture\" C. S. Lewis continues: At first, I had very little idea how the story would go."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and conception",
"text": "Lewis later suggested that the experience gave him a new appreciation of children and in late September he began a children's story on an odd sheet of paper which has survived as part of another manuscript: This book is about four children whose names were Ann, Martin, Rose and Peter."
}
] |
The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of fantasy novels by British author C. S. Lewis and is about several siblings sent away from their war-torn birthplace to live with a relative.
| 0 | 0 |
Chronicles of Narnia
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JD.com, Inc. (Chinese: 京东; pinyin: Jīngdōng), also known as Jingdong and formerly called 360buy, is a Chinese e-commerce company headquartered in Beijing."
}
] |
vvDaV3i27y8or2tQCWIB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 2007: began using the domain name 360buy.com, and the company name was changed to Jingdong Mall."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "Dangdang used the slogan “争当败家子”"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JD.com, Inc. (Chinese: 京东; pinyin: Jīngdōng), also known as Jingdong and formerly called 360buy, is a Chinese e-commerce company headquartered in Beijing."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "March 2013: the company's domain name was changed to JD.com."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company changed its domain name to 360buy.com in June 2007 and then to JD.com in 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "April 2011: 360buy.com launched platform named “POP” for brand owners. October 2012: en.360buy.com was launched for the international market."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "Although Liu did not give a specific name of his opponent, journalists thought Dangdang was JD.com's obvious rival in the field of online book sale."
},
{
"section_header": "Digital marketing | Jingteng Plan",
"text": "In 2015, JD.com and Tencent announced the launch of the \"Jingteng Plan\" (Chinese: 京腾计划), a portmanteau of the two companies' names, which will provide merchants with a complete solution to establish a brand and promote marketing effectiveness by linking JD.com consumption data with Tencent social data."
}
] |
JD.com use to be named 360buy.
| 0 | 0 |
JD.com
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "For the first half of the play, Dionysus routinely makes critical errors, forcing Xanthias to improvise in order to protect his master and prevent Dionysus from looking incompetent—but this only allows Dionysus to continue to make mistakes with no consequence."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "To find a reliable path to Hades, Dionysus seeks advice from his half-brother Heracles, who had been there before in order to retrieve the hell hound Cerberus."
}
] |
vvFz0oRotjkskPTpU1rw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The Frogs tells the story of the god Dionysus, who, despairing of the state of Athens' tragedians, travels to Hades (the underworld) to bring the playwright Euripides back from the dead. (Euripides had died the year before, in 406 BC.) He brings along his slave Xanthias, who is smarter and braver than Dionysus."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The terrified Dionysus tells the truth that he is a god."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "When Dionysus asks which road is the quickest to get to Hades, Heracles tells him that he can hang himself, drink poison, or jump off a tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Xanthias, being a slave, is not allowed in the boat, and has to walk around it, while Dionysus is made to help row the boat."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "To find a reliable path to Hades, Dionysus seeks advice from his half-brother Heracles, who had been there before in order to retrieve the hell hound Cerberus."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "When Aeacus returns to confront the alleged Heracles (i.e., Xanthias), Xanthias offers him his \"slave\" (Dionysus) for torturing, to obtain the truth as to whether or not he is really a thief."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis",
"text": "The parodos contains a paradigmatic example of how in Greek culture obscenity could be included in celebrations related to the gods."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Structure",
"text": "The parabasis follows, (lines 674–737) and in the dialogue between the slaves a power struggle between Euripides and Aeschylus is revealed."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As the play opens, Xanthias and Dionysus argue over what kind of jokes Xanthias can use to open the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "For the first half of the play, Dionysus routinely makes critical errors, forcing Xanthias to improvise in order to protect his master and prevent Dionysus from looking incompetent—but this only allows Dionysus to continue to make mistakes with no consequence."
}
] |
The play is about the god Dionysus travelling to Hades with a slave.
| 0 | 0 |
The Frogs
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism."
}
] |
vvW4jFAHrbMXVOD4qDZA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Vedic schools or recensions",
"text": "The Vedas were likely written down for the first time around 500 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Vedic texts | Vedic Sanskrit corpus",
"text": "Together, the Vedas and these Sutras form part of the Vedic Sanskrit corpus."
},
{
"section_header": "Vedic texts | Vedic Sanskrit corpus",
"text": "The term \"Vedic texts\" is used in two distinct meanings: Texts composed in Vedic Sanskrit during the Vedic period (Iron Age India) Any text considered as \"connected to the Vedas\" or a \"corollary of the Vedas\"The corpus of Vedic Sanskrit texts includes: The Samhitas (Sanskrit saṃhitā, \"collection\"), are collections of metric texts (\"mantras\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology, transmission and interpretation | Transmission",
"text": "The Vedas were written down only after 500 BCE, but only the orally transmitted texts are regarded as authoritative, given the emphasis on the exact pronunciation of the sounds."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology, transmission and interpretation | Transmission",
"text": "As Leela Prasad states, \"According to Shankara, the \"correct tradition\" (sampradaya) has as much authority as the written Shastra,\" explaining that the tradition \"bears the authority to clarify and provide direction in the application of knowledge."
},
{
"section_header": "Four Vedas | Rigveda",
"text": "It is a collection of 1,028 Vedic Sanskrit hymns and 10,600 verses in all, organized into ten books (Sanskrit: mandalas)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology, transmission and interpretation | Transmission",
"text": "According to Staal, criticising the Goody-Watt hypothesis \"according to which literacy is more reliable than orality,\" this tradition of oral transmission \"is closely related to Indian forms of science,\" and \"by far the more remarkable\" than the relatively recent tradition of written transmission."
},
{
"section_header": "Vedic texts | Vedic Sanskrit corpus",
"text": "There are four \"Vedic\" Samhitas: the Rig-Veda, Yajur-Veda, Sama-Veda and Atharva-Veda, most of which are available in several recensions (śākhā)."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and usage",
"text": "The Sanskrit term veda as a common noun means \"knowledge\"."
}
] |
The Vedas are written in Vedic Sanskrit.
| 1 | 2 |
Vedas
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In sports",
"text": "Spartacus's name was chosen in numerous football sides in Slavic Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In sports",
"text": "Several sports clubs around the world, in particular the former Soviet and the Communist bloc, were named after the Roman gladiator."
}
] |
vvlDrAQtnnmlERyxqyFe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In other countries",
"text": "FC Spartak Semey, a Kazakh football teamSpartacus's name was also used in athletics in the Soviet Union and communist states of Central and Eastern Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In sports",
"text": "Spartacus's name was chosen in numerous football sides in Slavic Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In other countries",
"text": "This name was also used for the mass gymnastics exhibition held every five years in Czechoslovakia."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In sports",
"text": "Several sports clubs around the world, in particular the former Soviet and the Communist bloc, were named after the Roman gladiator."
},
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "Spartacus's forces then retreated toward Rhegium."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "His novel has been subsequently translated and published in many European countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Modern historiography",
"text": "Spartacus' Uprising and Soviet Historical Writing."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In other countries",
"text": "The mascot for the Ottawa Senators, Spartacat, is also named after him."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In other countries",
"text": "The Spartakiad was a Soviet bloc version of the Olympic games."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The name Spartacus is otherwise manifested in the Black Sea region."
}
] |
Spartacus' name is used in many athletics in the Soviet Union and Slavic Europe.
| 0 | 0 |
Spartacus
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath",
"text": "Among the soldiers in the crowd were future Confederate general Stonewall Jackson, and John Wilkes Booth (the latter borrowing a militia uniform to gain admission to the execution)."
}
] |
vw2LqhFRL7z1kpbEuJrk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brown's raid captured the nation's attention; Southerners feared that it was just the first of many Northern plots to cause a slave rebellion that might endanger their lives, while Republicans, among them President Lincoln, distanced themselves from abolitionism and asserted that they would not interfere with slavery in the South. \" John Brown's Body\" was a popular Union marching song that portrayed him as a heroic martyr."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years | Raid on Harpers Ferry armory",
"text": "The railroad sent a telegram to President Buchanan."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years | Gathering forces",
"text": "On May 9, he delivered a lecture in Concord, Massachusetts, that Amos Bronson Alcott, Emerson, and Thoreau attended."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath | Senate investigation",
"text": "Republicans such as Abraham Lincoln rejected any connection with the raid, calling Brown \"insane\"."
},
{
"section_header": "The trial | Victor Hugo's reaction",
"text": "After Brown's execution, Hugo wrote a number of additional letters about Brown and the abolitionist cause."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath | Aftermath of the raid",
"text": "Southern Democrats charged that Brown's raid was an inevitable consequence of the Republican Party's political platform, which they associated with abolitionism."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath | Aftermath of the raid",
"text": "But he defended Brown's character from detractors in the Northern and Southern press and argued that those who supported the principles of the American Revolution could not consistently oppose Brown's raid."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years | Gathering forces",
"text": "A. M. Chapman was the acting vice president; Delany, the corresponding secretary."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years | Gathering forces",
"text": "Elder Monroe, a black minister, was to act as president until another was chosen."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Paintings",
"text": "Brown's last words before his execution were that he had concluded that violence was unfortunately necessary, and desirable, since there were no other means to end slavery."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath",
"text": "Among the soldiers in the crowd were future Confederate general Stonewall Jackson, and John Wilkes Booth (the latter borrowing a militia uniform to gain admission to the execution)."
}
] |
President Abraham Lincoln's assassin did not attend John Brown's execution disguised as a southern man-at-arms.
| 1 | 1 |
John Brown (abolitionist)
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "The historical basis for King Arthur was long debated by scholars."
}
] |
vwMQH9bQqtNsbbgqHTfT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Decline, revival, and the modern legend | Modern legend",
"text": "Myrddin's disappearance at the end of the novel is \"in the tradition of magical hibernation when the king or mage leaves his people for some island or cave to return either at a more propitious or more dangerous time\" (see King Arthur's messianic return)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The sparse historical background of Arthur is gleaned from various sources, including the Annales Cambriae, the Historia Brittonum, and the writings of Gildas."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "Partly in reaction to such theories, another school of thought emerged which argued that Arthur had no historical existence at all."
},
{
"section_header": "Medieval literary traditions | Pre-Galfridian traditions",
"text": "While it is not clear from the Historia Brittonum and the Annales Cambriae that Arthur was even considered a king, by the time Culhwch and Olwen and the Triads were written he had become Penteyrnedd yr Ynys hon, \"Chief of the Lords of this Island\", the overlord of Wales, Cornwall and the North."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline, revival, and the modern legend | Tennyson and the revival",
"text": "Tennyson's Arthurian work reached its peak of popularity with Idylls of the King, however, which reworked the entire narrative of Arthur's life for the Victorian era."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "\"Some scholars argue that Arthur was originally a fictional hero of folklore—or even a half-forgotten Celtic deity—who became credited with real deeds in the distant past."
},
{
"section_header": "Medieval literary traditions | Geoffrey of Monmouth",
"text": "Arthur's status as the king of all Britain seems to be borrowed from pre-Galfridian tradition, being found in Culhwch and Olwen, the Welsh Triads, and the saints' lives."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline, revival, and the modern legend | Tennyson and the revival",
"text": "The revived Arthurian romance also proved influential in the United States, with such books as Sidney Lanier's The Boy's King Arthur (1880) reaching wide audiences and providing inspiration for Mark Twain's satire A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889)."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline, revival, and the modern legend | Tennyson and the revival",
"text": "This renewed interest first made itself felt in 1816, when Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur was reprinted for the first time since 1634."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "Morris's Age of Arthur prompted the archaeologist Nowell Myres to observe that \"no figure on the borderline of history and mythology has wasted more of the historian's time\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "The historical basis for King Arthur was long debated by scholars."
}
] |
King Arthur's background has been argued for a good amount of time.
| 0 | 4 |
King Arthur
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Their son, George Strait Jr., known as \"Bubba\", was born in 1981.Jenifer was killed in an automobile accident in San Marcos on June 25, 1986, at age 13."
}
] |
vwQ7hLJtfnQ6gEq1t1UJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Their first child, Jenifer, was born on October 6, 1972."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and military service",
"text": "On October 6, 1972, while still in Hawaii, George and Norma had their first child, Jenifer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Strait's success began when his first single \"Unwound\" was a hit in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s",
"text": "\"You'll Be There\", marking Strait's first appearance on the adult contemporary chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\"In February 2012, Strait became a grandfather when George Strait Jr. and his wife Tamara had their first child, a son, George Harvey Strait III."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2010s",
"text": "The album's next single, \"I Believe\", reached number 50 on the U.S. Country Airplay chart, making it Strait's first single to miss the top 40."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "Governor Rick Perry, who was in attendance with First Lady Anita Thigpen Perry, announced that henceforth, May 18, Strait's birthday, would be \"George Strait Day\" in Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1980s",
"text": "When the vehicle flipped over onto its passenger's side, Jenifer was partially ejected, killing her on impact."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1980s",
"text": "Jenifer was riding in the front passenger seat, and none of the four occupants was wearing seat belts at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2010s",
"text": "Alright\"—bringing Strait's number-one singles total to 59."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Their son, George Strait Jr., known as \"Bubba\", was born in 1981.Jenifer was killed in an automobile accident in San Marcos on June 25, 1986, at age 13."
}
] |
Strait's first child, Jenifer, is a model.
| 1 | 3 |
George Strait
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dead Souls (Russian: «Мёртвые души», Mjórtvyje dúshi) is a novel by Nikolai Gogol, first published in 1842, and widely regarded as an exemplar of 19th-century Russian literature."
}
] |
vwd9PVZ75HWqnISeQV3H
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "For instance, Nabokov regarded the plot of Dead Souls as unimportant and Gogol as a great writer whose works skirted the irrational and whose prose style combined superb descriptive power with a disregard for novelistic clichés."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "Poema\", which contracted to merely \"Dead Souls\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gogol himself saw his work as an \"epic poem in prose\", and within the book characterised it as a \"novel in verse\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The plot of the novel relies on \"dead souls\" (i.e., \"dead serfs\") which are still accounted for in property registers."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The original title, as shown on the illustration (cover page), was \"The Wanderings of Chichikov, or Dead Souls."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel was adapted for screen in 1984 by Mikhail Schweitzer as a television miniseries Dead Souls."
},
{
"section_header": "English translations",
"text": "2004: Robert A. Maguire (published by Penguin Classics). 2008: Donald Rayfield (published by Garnett Press; reissued in 2012 by New York Review Books)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "His macabre mission to acquire \"dead souls\" is actually just another one of his \"get rich quick\" schemes."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Unlike the short stories, however, Dead Souls was meant to offer solutions rather than simply point out problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Censuses in this period were infrequent, so landowners would often be paying taxes on serfs that were no longer living, thus the \"dead souls."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dead Souls (Russian: «Мёртвые души», Mjórtvyje dúshi) is a novel by Nikolai Gogol, first published in 1842, and widely regarded as an exemplar of 19th-century Russian literature."
}
] |
The Dead Souls was a book by German writer Johannes Gustaf.
| 0 | 0 |
Dead Souls
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It was used as a public conveyance on an established route usually to a regular schedule."
}
] |
vwtG3oSLgQNJ40HofHqJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "The stagecoach, funded by Palmer, left Bristol at 4 pm on 2 August 1784 and arrived in London just 16 hours later."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "It occurred to him that this stagecoach service could be developed into a national mail delivery service, so in 1782 he suggested to the Post Office in London that they take up the idea."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "Palmer made much use of the \"flying\" stagecoach services between cities in the course of his business, and noted that it seemed far more efficient than the system of mail delivery then in operation."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "One pamphleteer denounced the stagecoach as"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Spread elsewhere | United States",
"text": "They built their first Concord stagecoach in 1827 employing long leather straps under their stagecoaches which gave a swinging motion."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and evolution | Competitive display and sport",
"text": "While stagecoaches vanished as rail penetrated the countryside"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and evolution",
"text": "Some stagecoaches remained in use for commercial or recreational purposes."
},
{
"section_header": "Southern Africa",
"text": "Prior to its arrival, a network of stagecoach routes existed."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Stagecoach, a 1939 film starring John Wayne"
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Stagecoach, a 1966 film starring Bing Crosby"
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It was used as a public conveyance on an established route usually to a regular schedule."
}
] |
Stagecoaches typically had no agenda or set path.
| 0 | 5 |
Stagecoach
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1969: Early work",
"text": "During the early 1960s, Freeman worked as a dancer at the 1964 World's Fair and was a member of the Opera Ring musical theatre group in San Francisco."
}
] |
vx2qBuVIkuxOilsemnoN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1997–2004: Professional expansion, thrillers and awards success",
"text": "While filming Outbreak, Freeman expressed an interest in starting a film production company."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1969: Early work",
"text": "Freeman made his Off-Broadway debut in 1967, opposite Viveca Lindfors in The Nigger Lovers (about the Freedom Riders during the American Civil Rights Movement), before debuting on Broadway in 1968's all-black version of Hello, Dolly!"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "In 2017, Freeman appeared in two comedies: Going in Style and Just Getting Started."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Morgan Freeman (born June 1, 1937) is an American actor, director and narrator."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "Writing for A.V. Club, Ignatiy Vishnevetsky criticized the cheap filmmaking; \"the movie periodically cuts to overqualified supporting actors—including Freeman, Melissa Leo, and Robert Forster ... (As it turns out, it’s possible to write something that will sound like garbage even when spoken in Freeman’s sonorous voice.) \" Next, Freeman starred in Now You See Me 2 (2016), the sequel to 2013's Now You See Me."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1969: Early work",
"text": "He acted in a touring company version of The Royal Hunt of the Sun, and also appeared as an extra in Sidney Lumet's 1965 drama film The Pawnbroker starring Rod Steiger."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He studied theatre arts in Los Angeles and appeared in stage productions in his early career."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "The Story of God with Morgan Freeman and The Story of Us with Morgan Freeman, in 2016 and 2017, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1989–1996: Mainstream film acclaim",
"text": "It's just that nobody knows it."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental and political activism",
"text": "So why are so many people dying in police custody?"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1969: Early work",
"text": "During the early 1960s, Freeman worked as a dancer at the 1964 World's Fair and was a member of the Opera Ring musical theatre group in San Francisco."
}
] |
Morgan Freeman entire career, despite his many appearances in film, actually started off as a dramatic actor in a Broadway version of "Hello, Dolly!", and an earlier Off-Broadway production that I would rather not write the name of, but you'll know it when you see it..
| 0 | 0 |
Morgan Freeman
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Johnson was born in Walnut Creek, California, to Carol Hannah and Rollen Charles \"Bud\" Johnson."
}
] |
vxmtbMyiiuPbGmgJcL2a
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | San Francisco Giants (2009)",
"text": "On December 26, 2008, Johnson signed a one-year deal with the San Francisco Giants for a reported $8 million, with a possible $2.5 million in performance bonuses and another $2.5 million in award bonuses."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Johnson has four children with his wife Lisa: Sammy (born 1994), Tanner (born 1996), Willow (born 1998), and Alexandria (born 1999)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | Arizona Diamondbacks (1999–2004)",
"text": "In a freak accident on March 24, 2001, at Tucson Electric Park, during the 7th inning of a spring training game against the San Francisco Giants, Johnson threw a fastball to Calvin Murray that struck and killed a dove."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | Second stint with the Arizona Diamondbacks (2007–2008)",
"text": "Johnson made his season debut on April 14, 2008, against the San Francisco Giants at AT&T Park eight months following his back surgery."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | San Francisco Giants (2009)",
"text": "Johnson was activated by the Giants on September 16, 2009, and assigned to the Giants bullpen."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | San Francisco Giants (2009)",
"text": "Johnson was placed on the 60-day disabled list with a torn rotator cuff in his throwing shoulder on July 28, 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | San Francisco Giants (2009)",
"text": "On September 19, 2009, Johnson made his first relief appearance in 4 years, facing the Los Angeles Dodgers for 3 batters."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | San Francisco Giants (2009)",
"text": "Johnson became the 24th pitcher to reach 300 wins, beating the Washington Nationals (the team that he first played for when they were known as the Montreal Expos) on June 4 at Nationals Park in Washington,"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Johnson was born in Walnut Creek, California, to Carol Hannah and Rollen Charles \"Bud\" Johnson."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career (1988–2009) | San Francisco Giants (2009)",
"text": "D.C. He became the seventh left-handed pitcher to achieve the 300-win milestone and the fifth pitcher in the last 50 years to get his 299th and 300th win in consecutive starts, joining Warren Spahn, Steve Carlton, Gaylord Perry, and Tom Seaver."
}
] |
Randy Johnson was born in the San Francisco Bay Area.
| 2 | 6 |
Randy Johnson
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played 14 seasons in Major League Baseball between 1932 and 1948 for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Brooklyn Dodgers, primarily as a shortstop."
}
] |
vyeJvFsbLrywGkPALSxf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Brooklyn Dodgers | Comeback",
"text": "He played the 1949 season with Pacific Coast League's San Francisco Seals before retiring for good."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Floyd \"Arky\" Vaughan (March 9, 1912 – August 30, 1952) was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Legacy",
"text": "In 1981, Lawrence Ritter and Donald Honig included Vaughan in their book The 100 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Legacy",
"text": "Vaughan was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985, following which Vaughan's daughter Patricia received this brief, handwritten congratulatory letter: I was a substitute tackle on the Fullerton High School championship 130-pound team and remember Arky as our star halfback--fast, hard-nosed and even then a real professional."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Brooklyn Dodgers | Comeback",
"text": "Serving as something of a utility player, Vaughan played in 64 games and batted .325."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Brooklyn Dodgers | A new position",
"text": "On December 12, 1941, after a decade as the Pirates' starting shortstop, Vaughan was traded to the Brooklyn Dodgers for four players."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Pittsburgh Pirates | Rookie year",
"text": "Vaughan, who was the youngest player in the National League in 1932, wound up playing 129 games overall that year, all but one at shortstop."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Pittsburgh Pirates | 1935",
"text": "Vaughan not only posted career bests in the three Triple Crown categories, he led all of baseball with a .385 average, a .491 on-base percentage, and a 1.098 OPS."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Pittsburgh Pirates | Remaining Pirates career",
"text": "The fans were outraged at his trade to Brooklyn and his mysterious death years later helped coin the phrase \"The Ghost of Arky\" when times got tough."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played 14 seasons in Major League Baseball between 1932 and 1948 for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Brooklyn Dodgers, primarily as a shortstop."
}
] |
Arky Vaughan was a baseball player for the San Francisco Giants.
| 0 | 0 |
Arky Vaughan
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | English rule",
"text": "The English promptly renamed the fledgling city \"New York\" after the Duke of York (the future King James II of England), who was a leader of the Royal Africa Company, which shipped more African slaves to the Americas than any other institution in the history of the Atlantic slave trade."
}
] |
vyz0536zkUQQ2TWoegCP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "In 1664, the city was named in honor of the Duke of York, who would become King James II of England."
},
{
"section_header": "History | English rule",
"text": "The English promptly renamed the fledgling city \"New York\" after the Duke of York (the future King James II of England), who was a leader of the Royal Africa Company, which shipped more African slaves to the Americas than any other institution in the history of the Atlantic slave trade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "James's older brother, King Charles II, appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, when England seized it from the Dutch."
},
{
"section_header": "History | British colony",
"text": "In 1754, Columbia University was founded under charter by King George II as King's College in Lower Manhattan."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and contemporary life | Sports",
"text": "The city's National Basketball Association teams are the Brooklyn Nets, which played in and were named for New Jersey until 2012, and the New York Knicks, while the New York Liberty is the city's Women's National Basketball Association team."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and contemporary life | Sports",
"text": "The Cosmos play their home games at James M. Shuart Stadium on the campus of Hofstra University, just outside the New York City limits in Hempstead, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Boroughs | Brooklyn",
"text": "Brooklyn (Kings County), on the western tip of Long Island, is the city's most populous borough."
},
{
"section_header": "History | American Revolution",
"text": "They resettled other freedmen in England and the Caribbean."
},
{
"section_header": "Environment | Environmental impact reduction",
"text": "In both its 2011 and 2015 rankings, Walk Score named New York City the most walkable large city in the United States, and in 2018, Stacker ranked New York the most walkable U.S. city."
}
] |
New York City's name is from King James II of England who was the Duke of York.
| 2 | 5 |
New York City
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played 17 seasons for the Boston, Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves (1952–1966); Houston Astros (1967) and Detroit Tigers (1967–68)."
}
] |
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|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edwin Lee Mathews (October 13, 1931 – February 18, 2001) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "The second baseman would shift well to his left, toward first base, and the shortstop would come to the second base side of the bag, leaving a gaping hole between second and third base."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mathews is regarded as one of the best third basemen ever to play the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1978, he is the only player to have represented the Braves in the three American cities they have called home."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Career statistics",
"text": "He finished his career with a .959 fielding percentage playing primarily at third base but also at first base and right field."
},
{
"section_header": "After retirement",
"text": "He ranks second all-time among MLB third basemen in home runs, runs batted in, slugging percentage, and total bases."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Mathews was born in Texarkana, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Coaching and managing",
"text": "Evans said that Mathews was a friend and Aaron said that the decision was \"a blow to me.\" Mathews said that the Braves indicated that there would be a job for him within the organization, but he said he was not sure what he would do next."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Mathews was signed by the Boston Braves in 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "This lad has one of them. \" Mathews was a powerful pull hitter, and for many years of his career teams would implement the \"Mathews shift\" when he came to bat."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played 17 seasons for the Boston, Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves (1952–1966); Houston Astros (1967) and Detroit Tigers (1967–68)."
}
] |
Eddie Mathews was a third baseman for the Kansas City Monarchs.
| 0 | 0 |
Eddie Mathews
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His rejection of Christianity, and his promotion of Neoplatonic Hellenism in its place, caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate by the Christian Church."
}
] |
vzBKs9g1ONkMgybpLxd5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism | Paganism's shift under Julian",
"text": "In trying to compete with Christianity in this manner, Julian fundamentally changed the nature of pagan worship."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism | Paganism's shift under Julian",
"text": "However, this apathetic attitude forced the emperor to shift central aspects of pagan worship."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism | Paganism's shift under Julian",
"text": "Julian found the financial base that had supported these ventures (sacred temple funds) had been seized by his uncle Constantine to support the Christian Church."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "Julian's support of Jews caused Jews to call him \"Julian the Hellene\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "Julian's life and reign were the subject of the novel The Death of the Gods (Julian the Apostate) (1895) in the trilogy of historical novels entitled \"Christ and Antichrist\" (1895–1904) by the Russian Symbolist poet, novelist and literary theoretician Dmitrii S. Merezhkovskii."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism",
"text": "He supported the restoration of Hellenistic polytheism as the state religion."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism | Paganism's shift under Julian",
"text": "Civic leaders did not even have the funds, much less the support, to hold religious festivals."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Caesar in Gaul | Taxation and administration",
"text": "For this reason, Julian clashed with Florentius over the latter's support of tax increases, as mentioned above, and Florentius's own corruption in the bureaucracy."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism | Paganism's shift under Julian",
"text": "Many chose to adopt a practical approach and not support Julian's public reforms actively for fear of a Christian revival."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Empire and administration",
"text": "Julian's choice of Nevitta appears to have been aimed at maintaining the support of the Western army which had acclaimed him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His rejection of Christianity, and his promotion of Neoplatonic Hellenism in its place, caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate by the Christian Church."
}
] |
Julian supported the worship of Christ.
| 0 | 0 |
Julian (emperor)
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From the late 13th century, Finland gradually became an integral part of Sweden as a consequence of the Northern Crusades and the Swedish colonisation of coastal Finland, an event, the legacy of which is reflected in the prevalence of the Swedish language and its official status."
}
] |
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|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Swedish era",
"text": "In Sweden even in the 17th and 18th centuries, it was clear that Finland was a conquered country and its inhabitants could be treated arbitrarily."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finland largely remained an agrarian country until the 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology | Concept",
"text": "Finland became a common name for the whole country in a centuries-long process that started when the Catholic Church established a missionary diocese in Nousiainen in the northern part of the province of Suomi possibly sometime in the 12th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From the late 13th century, Finland gradually became an integral part of Sweden as a consequence of the Northern Crusades and the Swedish colonisation of coastal Finland, an event, the legacy of which is reflected in the prevalence of the Swedish language and its official status."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Finland's population has always been concentrated in the southern parts of the country, a phenomenon that became even more pronounced during 20th-century urbanisation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finland is the eighth-largest country in Europe in terms of area, and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finland has a population of approximately 5.5 million, making it the 25th-most populous country in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Civil war and early independence",
"text": "Army officers were trained in France, and relations with Western Europe and Sweden were strengthened."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Transport",
"text": "Largely following the example of the Øresund Bridge between Sweden and Denmark, the Kvarken Bridge connecting Umeå in Sweden and Vaasa in Finland to cross the Gulf of Bothnia has also been planned for decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy",
"text": "The free and largely privately owned financial and physical Nordic energy markets traded in NASDAQ OMX Commodities Europe and Nord Pool Spot exchanges, have provided competitive prices compared with other EU countries."
}
] |
Finland is a country in Europe that was a large part of Sweden in the thirteenth century.
| 2 | 3 |
Finland
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "After retiring from playing in 1955, Dandridge worked as a scout for the San Francisco Giants and later ran a recreation center in Newark, New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Raymond Emmitt Dandridge (August 31, 1913 – February 12, 1994), nicknamed \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\", was an American third baseman in baseball's Negro leagues."
}
] |
w05MaIVCTmsXI7Rhs054
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He worked as a major league scout after his playing career ended."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "After retiring from playing in 1955, Dandridge worked as a scout for the San Francisco Giants and later ran a recreation center in Newark, New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the time that Major League Baseball was racially integrated, Dandridge was considered too old to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Because of the \"gentlemen's agreement\" not to allow African Americans in Major League Baseball, Dandridge was dismissed as being too old by the time of integration."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Dandridge became known for his short, bowed legs, which later led to nicknames including \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Although more than capable of playing in the majors, he never got the call to the big leagues, instead spending the last years of his career as the premier player in Triple-A baseball, batting .362"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Though that might have given him the chance to be the first black major league player, Dandridge turned it down because he did not want to move his family from Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Monte Irvin, who played both in the Negro leagues and the major leagues and saw every great fielding third baseman of two generations, said that Dandridge was the greatest of them all, adding that Dandridge almost never committed more than two errors in a season."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Dandridge was one of the greatest fielders in the history of baseball, and one of the sport's greatest hitters for average."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, Dandridge was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame and, late in his life, Dandridge was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Raymond Emmitt Dandridge (August 31, 1913 – February 12, 1994), nicknamed \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\", was an American third baseman in baseball's Negro leagues."
}
] |
Ray Dandridge became a major league scout for the Chicago Cubs following his retirement from baseball.
| 0 | 0 |
Ray Dandridge
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Microsoft Corporation () is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1995–2007: Foray into the Web, Windows 95, Windows XP, and Xbox",
"text": "In November 2005, the company's second video game console, the Xbox 360, was released."
}
] |
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|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1995–2007: Foray into the Web, Windows 95, Windows XP, and Xbox",
"text": "The company released the Xbox later that year, entering the video game console market dominated by Sony and Nintendo."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1995–2007: Foray into the Web, Windows 95, Windows XP, and Xbox",
"text": "In November 2005, the company's second video game console, the Xbox 360, was released."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2011–2014: Windows 8/8.1, Xbox One, Outlook.com, and Surface devices",
"text": "The Kinect, a motion-sensing input device made by Microsoft and designed as a video game controller, first introduced in November 2010, was upgraded for the 2013 release of the Xbox One video game console."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface lineup of touchscreen personal computers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "On September 15, 2014, Microsoft acquired the video game development company Mojang, best known for Minecraft, for $2.5 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1995–2007: Foray into the Web, Windows 95, Windows XP, and Xbox",
"text": "Various companies including Microsoft formed the Trusted Computing Platform Alliance in October 1999 to (among other things) increase security and protect intellectual property through identifying changes in hardware and software."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Microsoft Corporation () is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens",
"text": "In August 2018, Toyota Tsusho began a partnership with Microsoft to create fish farming tools using the Microsoft Azure application suite for Internet of things (IoT) technologies related to water management."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Financial",
"text": "In November 2018, the company won a $480 million military contract with the U.S. government to bring augmented reality (AR) headset technology into the weapon repertoires of American soldiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Board of directors",
"text": "These committees include the Audit Committee, which handles accounting issues with the company including auditing and reporting; the Compensation Committee, which approves compensation for the CEO and other employees of the company; the Finance Committee, which handles financial matters such as proposing mergers and acquisitions; the Governance and Nominating Committee, which handles various corporate matters including nomination of the board; and the Antitrust Compliance Committee, which attempts to prevent company practices from violating antitrust laws."
}
] |
Microsoft is a multinational company that has created many things that include video game consoles that are not the PlayStation or Switch.
| 0 | 3 |
Microsoft
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon Agamemnon's return from Troy, he was killed (according to the oldest surviving account, Odyssey 11.409–11) by Aegisthus, the lover of his wife Clytemnestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When Menelaus's wife, Helen, was taken to Troy by Paris, Agamemnon commanded the united Greek armed forces in the ensuing Trojan War."
}
] |
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|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Agamemnon gathered the reluctant Greek forces to sail for Troy."
},
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Her death appeased Artemis, and the Greek army set out for Troy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When Menelaus's wife, Helen, was taken to Troy by Paris, Agamemnon commanded the united Greek armed forces in the ensuing Trojan War."
},
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Several alternatives to the human sacrifice have been presented in Greek mythology."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon Agamemnon's return from Troy, he was killed (according to the oldest surviving account, Odyssey 11.409–11) by Aegisthus, the lover of his wife Clytemnestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to Greece",
"text": "In Homer's version of the story in the Odyssey, Aegisthus ambushes and kills Agamemnon in a feasting hall under the pretense of holding a feast in honor of Agamemnon's return home from Troy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (Greek: Ἀγαμέμνων, Ἀgamémnōn) was a king of Mycenae, the son, or grandson, of King Atreus and Queen Aerope of Mycenae, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra and the father of Iphigenia, Electra or Laodike (Λαοδίκη), Orestes and Chrysothemis."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to Greece",
"text": "Agamemnon's having gone to war over Helen of Troy, are said to have been the motives for her crime."
},
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "After the capture of Troy, Cassandra, the doomed prophetess and daughter of Priam, fell to Agamemnon's lot in the distribution of the prizes of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In some later versions Clytemnestra herself does the killing, or she and Aegisthus act together, killing Agamemnon in his own home."
}
] |
In Greek mythology, Agamemnon, the military leader at Troy, is killed after he leaves Troy to go back to his homeland.
| 0 | 0 |
Agamemnon
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Sekiko Sakai Garrison v. Michael Bloomberg and Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "Garrison alleged that when she told Bloomberg that she was pregnant, he told her to \"Kill it!\" and said \"Great!"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Sekiko Sakai Garrison v. Michael Bloomberg and Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "In 1997, former Bloomberg L.P. sales executive Sekiko Sakai Garrison filed a lawsuit against the company and Michael Bloomberg, alleging sexual harassment and wrongful termination."
}
] |
w0WxR8cNm8i0GErPgGiB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Olszewski v. Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "In 1996, former Bloomberg L.P. sales representative Mary Ann Olszewski sued the company, alleging that she was drugged and raped by her supervisor, Bryan Lewis, and claimed she was terminated shortly after reporting the incident in a May 25, 1995 meeting."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Sekiko Sakai Garrison v. Michael Bloomberg and Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "In 1997, former Bloomberg L.P. sales executive Sekiko Sakai Garrison filed a lawsuit against the company and Michael Bloomberg, alleging sexual harassment and wrongful termination."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Bloomberg L.P. has remained a private company since its founding; the majority of which is owned by billionaire Michael Bloomberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Olszewski v. Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "Olszewski also claimed that male employees at the company engaged in the “sexual degradation of women” and that the company “took no steps to prevent or curtail the ongoing sexual harassment of female employees by Michael Bloomberg.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Sekiko Sakai Garrison v. Michael Bloomberg and Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "Number 16,\" referring to the number of women in the company who were pregnant or on maternity leave at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "At that point, it was announced that Michael Bloomberg would be taking the reins of his eponymous market data company from Doctoroff, who was chief executive of Bloomberg for the past six years after his term as deputy mayor."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Sekiko Sakai Garrison v. Michael Bloomberg and Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "All you need is some black who doesn’t even have to speak English to rescue it from a burning building!”The company did not admit any wrongdoing, but settled the lawsuit out of court in 2000."
},
{
"section_header": "Products and services | Bloomberg Markets",
"text": "Michael Dukmejian has served as the magazine's publisher since 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2008, facing losses during the financial crisis, Merrill Lynch agreed to sell its remaining 20 percent stake in the company back to Bloomberg Inc., majority-owned by Michael Bloomberg, for a reported $4.43 billion, valuing Bloomberg L.P. at approximately $22.5 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Products and services | Bloomberg News",
"text": "Bloomberg News was co-founded by Michael Bloomberg and Matthew Winkler in 1990, to deliver financial news reporting to Bloomberg terminal subscribers."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Sekiko Sakai Garrison v. Michael Bloomberg and Bloomberg L.P.",
"text": "Garrison alleged that when she told Bloomberg that she was pregnant, he told her to \"Kill it!\" and said \"Great!"
}
] |
The company Bloomberg L.P. was sued by a person who said that Michael Bloomberg urged her to abort her unborn child.
| 0 | 0 |
Bloomberg L.P.
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The conventional name \"Hittites\" is due to their initial identification with the Biblical Hittites in 19th century archaeology."
}
] |
w0pd4ESnF3IaCxXxlBTx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "The script on a monument at Boğazkale by a \"People of Hattusas\" discovered by William Wright in 1884 was found to match peculiar hieroglyphic scripts from Aleppo and Hama in Northern Syria."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Hittites called their country the Kingdom of Hattusa (Hatti in Akkadian), a name received from the Hattians, an earlier people who inhabited the region until the beginning of the second millennium BCE and spoke an unrelated language known as Hattic."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "In archaeological terms, relationships of the Hittites to the Ezero culture of the Balkans and Maykop culture of the Caucasus have been considered within the migration framework."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "French scholar Charles Texier found the first Hittite ruins in 1834 but did not identify them as such."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "The first archaeological evidence for the Hittites appeared in tablets found at the karum of Kanesh (now called Kültepe), containing records of trade between Assyrian merchants and a certain \"land of Hatti\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "Some names in the tablets were neither Hattic nor Assyrian, but clearly Indo-European."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "In 1887, excavations at Amarna in Egypt uncovered the diplomatic correspondence of Pharaoh Amenhotep III and his son, Akhenaten."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "Two of the letters from a \"kingdom of Kheta\"—apparently located in the same general region as the Mesopotamian references to \"land of Hatti\"—were written in standard Akkadian cuneiform, but in an unknown language; although scholars could interpret its sounds, no one could understand it."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "Shortly after this, Sayce proposed that Hatti or Khatti in Anatolia was identical with the \"kingdom of Kheta\" mentioned in these Egyptian texts, as well as with the biblical Hittites."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological discovery | Initial discoveries",
"text": "Others, such as Max Müller, agreed that Khatti was probably Kheta, but proposed connecting it with Biblical Kittim rather than with the Biblical Hittites."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The conventional name \"Hittites\" is due to their initial identification with the Biblical Hittites in 19th century archaeology."
}
] |
This group of people received their moniker from a misunderstanding of their culture after their initial discovery.
| 0 | 0 |
Hittites
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Adele Laurie Blue Adkins was born on 5 May 1988 in Tottenham, London, to an English mother, Penny Adkins, and a Welsh father, Marc Evans."
}
] |
w1oFPYc6zxtbNrEU3AOn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–2010: Career beginnings and 19",
"text": "By the middle of October 2008, Adele's attempt to break in America appeared to have failed."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "People named her one of 2012 Most Beautiful at Every Age."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Time magazine named her one of the most influential people in the world in 2012 and 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Influences and favourite musicians",
"text": "One of Adele's earliest influences was Gabrielle, who Adele has admired since the age of five."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "In April 2012, Time magazine named Adele one of the 100 most influential people in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "In February 2013 she was named one of the 100 most powerful women in the UK by Woman's Hour on BBC Radio 4."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–2010: Career beginnings and 19",
"text": "The album 19, named for her age at the time she wrote and composed many of its songs, entered the British charts at number one."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2011–2014: 21, worldwide recognition and hiatus",
"text": "\"Set Fire to the Rain\" became Adele's third number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100, as Adele became the first artist ever to have an album, 21, hold the number-one position on the Billboard 200 concurrently with three number-one singles."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2015–2017: 25 and Adele Live 2016",
"text": "Adele's seven weeks at the top of the UK Albums Chart took her total to 31 weeks at number one in the UK with her three albums, surpassing Madonna's previous record of most weeks at number one for a female act."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2011–2014: 21, worldwide recognition and hiatus",
"text": "Following her performance of \"Someone Like You\" at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, it became Adele's second number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Adele Laurie Blue Adkins was born on 5 May 1988 in Tottenham, London, to an English mother, Penny Adkins, and a Welsh father, Marc Evans."
}
] |
One of Adele's middle names is a color.
| 0 | 0 |
Adele
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Selig has been married twice."
}
] |
w1s1a5aGeqrmmlGqed9Q
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Post-season schedule",
"text": "We should never have three days off after the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Performance-enhancing drugs",
"text": "Chicago Sun-Times columnist Jay Mariotti called Selig the \"Steroids Commissioner."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Term of service",
"text": "However, in January 2008, Selig agreed to a three-year contract extension, announcing he planned to retire after the 2012 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Performance-enhancing drugs",
"text": "Much controversy surrounded Selig and his involvement in Bonds' all-time home run record chase."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Performance-enhancing drugs",
"text": "\" Selig has been called to Congress several times to testify on performance-enhancing drug use."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When Selig was only three, Marie began taking him and his older brother, Jerry, to Borchert Field, where the minor league Milwaukee Brewers played."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting Commissioner (1992–1998)",
"text": "Selig had by this time become chairman of the Executive Council of Major League Baseball, and as such became de facto acting commissioner."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting Commissioner (1992–1998)",
"text": "As acting commissioner, Selig represented MLB during the 1994 players strike and cancelled the World Series, marking the first time the annual event had not been staged since 1904."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Controversies",
"text": "He ordered the roof at Minute Maid Park to be opened for games three and four of the 2005 World Series, pre-empting the authority held by the Astros."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "He entered into an agreement to buy the club, but the American League vetoed the sale, preferring to keep an American League team in Chicago, which at the time was still America's second largest city."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Selig has been married twice."
}
] |
Selig has experienced holy matrimony three times.
| 0 | 2 |
Bud Selig
|
Music
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is best known in Western Europe for his Second Symphony, the \"Comedians' Galop\" from The Comedians Suite, Op."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a prolific composer of piano music and chamber music; many of his piano works were performed by Vladimir Horowitz."
}
] |
w2S8l08RbMmTgSnlWi2W
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "The important role played by the subdominant and the frequent juxtaposition of thirds in Kabalevsky's works are features common to many Russian composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is best known in Western Europe for his Second Symphony, the \"Comedians' Galop\" from The Comedians Suite, Op."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky was a prolific composer in many ways; he wrote symphonies, concertos, operas, ballets, chamber works, songs, theatre, film scores, pieces for children and some pieces for the proletariat."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a prolific composer of piano music and chamber music; many of his piano works were performed by Vladimir Horowitz."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Four Orders of Lenin (1964, 1971, 1974, 1984) Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966) Order of the Badge of Honour (1940) Lenin Prize (1972) – a new version of the opera \"Colas Breugnon\" (1968) Stalin Prizesfirst class (1946) – for the 2nd quartet (1945) second class (1949) – Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1948) second class – for the opera \"Taras Family\" (1950)USSR State Prize (1980) – for the 4th Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (\"Prague\") (1979) Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1966) – for \"Requiem\" for soloists, two choirs and orchestra (1962) Lenin Komsomol Prize (1984) Ivan Pavlov (1949) See List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "26 and his Third Piano Concerto."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Unlike fellow composer Sergei Prokofiev, Kabalevsky embraced the ideas of socialist realism, and his post-war works have been characterized as \"popular, bland, and successful,\" though this judgement has been applied to many other composers of the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "By the age of 26 his list of compositions included the String Quartet, Op. 8, Piano Concerto, Op. 9, Eight Children's Songs, Op. 17, and various works for solo piano."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "He then went on to study at the Moscow Conservatory where he learned composition with Nikolai Myaskovsky and piano with Alexander Goldenweiser."
}
] |
Dmitry Kabalevsky was Russian who composed a Second Symphony and played the piano.
| 3 | 7 |
Dmitry Kabalevsky
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata (from Ancient Greek, ἐχῖνος, echinos – \"hedgehog\" and δέρμα, derma – \"skin\") of marine animals."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "All echinoderms are marine and nearly all are benthic."
}
] |
w2hikHfLDRbw6UekZpsY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | The water vascular system",
"text": "Echinoderms possess a unique water vascular system."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "They are found in habitats ranging from shallow intertidal areas to abyssal depths."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One group of Cambrian echinoderms, the cinctans (Homalozoa), which are close to the base of the echinoderm origin, have been found to possess external gills used for filter feeding, similar to those possessed by chordates and hemichordates."
},
{
"section_header": "Mode of life | Locomotion",
"text": "Some deep water species are pelagic and can float in the water with webbed papillae forming sails or fins."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | The water vascular system",
"text": "In holothuroids, the podia may be reduced or absent and the madreporite opens into the body cavity so that the circulating liquid is coelomic fluid rather than sea water."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | The water vascular system",
"text": "Some burrowing sea stars extend their elongated dorsal tube feet to the surface of the sand or mud above and use them to absorb oxygen from the water column."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | The water vascular system",
"text": "The water vascular system assists with the distribution of nutrients throughout the animal's body and is most obviously expressed in the tube feet which can be extended or contracted by the redistribution of fluid between the foot and the internal sac."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology",
"text": "Echinoderms exhibit secondary radial symmetry in portions of their body at some stage of life."
},
{
"section_header": "Mode of life | Locomotion",
"text": "Echinoderms primarily use their tube feet to move about"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata (from Ancient Greek, ἐχῖνος, echinos – \"hedgehog\" and δέρμα, derma – \"skin\") of marine animals."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "All echinoderms are marine and nearly all are benthic."
}
] |
Echinoderm life is most commonly found in water.
| 0 | 0 |
Echinodermata
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922."
}
] |
w2vtoioGFPSwZMUqTbyM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
"text": "Various events in Fitzgerald's youth are reflected throughout The Great Gatsby."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and production",
"text": "Fitzgerald began planning his third novel in June 1922, but it was interrupted by production of his play, The Vegetable, in the summer and fall."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternative titles",
"text": "The Great Gatsby was published on April 10, 1925."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Ballet",
"text": "It was received an encore run the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Many literary critics consider The Great Gatsby to be one of the greatest novels ever written."
},
{
"section_header": "Cover art",
"text": "The cover was completed before the novel, and Fitzgerald was so enamored with it that he told his publisher he had \"written it into\" the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Contemporary reception",
"text": "The Great Gatsby was published by Charles Scribner's Sons on April 10, 1925."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and production",
"text": "By mid-1923, Fitzgerald had written 18,000 words for his novel, but discarded most of his new story as a false start."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "He is more grounded and more practical than the other characters, and is always in awe of their lifestyles and morals."
}
] |
It was written in 1925 and follows the characters throughout a summer.
| 4 | 6 |
The Great Gatsby
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, also US: ; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni; -fj e]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy."
}
] |
w38mVCbG9rfB4slhB24r
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In music",
"text": "Francesca da Rimini follows a plot of the character from Dante's Inferno, part of which includes a battle between the Guelphs and Ghibellines."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The division developed its dynamic in the politics of medieval Italy, and it persisted long after the confrontation between Emperor and Pope had ceased."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, also US: ; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni; -fj e]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th–14th centuries",
"text": "When the City of Viterbo rebelled, the Pope backed the Guelphs."
},
{
"section_header": "History | White and Black Guelphs",
"text": "In 1334 Pope Benedict XII threatened people who used either the Guelph or Ghibelline name with ex-communication."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The Ghibellines were thus the imperial party, while the Guelphs supported the Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th–14th centuries",
"text": "He was then excommunicated by the Pope, and in response expelled the friars from Lombardy and placed his son Enzo as Imperial vicar in Italy; he quickly annexed Romagna, Marche, the Duchy of Spoleto, and part of the Papal States."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Later history",
"text": "The Ghibellines then supported Louis' invasion of Italy and coronation as King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "History | White and Black Guelphs",
"text": "Emperor Henry VII was disgusted by supporters of both sides when he visited Italy in 1310."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, fuelled by the imperial Great Interregnum, persisted until the 15th century."
}
] |
The Guelphs followed the Pope in Italy.
| 0 | 0 |
Guelphs and Ghibellines
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dreamgirls is a Broadway musical, with music by Henry Krieger and lyrics and book by Tom Eyen."
}
] |
w3AgOmHm8RZj2scPUoDv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "Music and lyrics by Henry Krieger, Scott Cutler, Anne Preven, Beyoncé and Willie Reale."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dreamgirls is a Broadway musical, with music by Henry Krieger and lyrics and book by Tom Eyen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The musical was then nominated for 13 Tony Awards, including the Tony Award for Best Musical, and won six."
},
{
"section_header": "Similarities to The Supremes' story",
"text": "Dreamgirl: My Life As a Supreme after the musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Original Broadway production | Background",
"text": "Carter appeared in the musical, and her performance inspired Eyen and Krieger to craft a musical about black back-up singers, which was originally called One Night Only and then given the working title of Project #9."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "Notes 1 The original Act II opening was a medley reprising the songs \"Dreamgirls\", \"Move (You're Steppin' on My Heart)\", \"Love Love Me Baby\", \"Family\", \"Heavy\" and \"Cadillac Car\", performed by Deena Jones and the Dreams, followed by most of the company participating in a reprise of \"Press Conference\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "When the musical's national tour began in 1983, the Act II opening was changed to consist of a reprise of \"Dreamgirls\", and the performance of a new song, \"Step on Over\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "With the new national tour in 2009, a new song was written, entitled \"What Love Can Do\", which was paired with \"Step on Over\" to form a new Act II opening."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "Willie Reale, who had written the song \"Patience\" with Henry Krieger for the film, wrote the song's lyrics."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "For the 2016 West End run, the Act II opening was revised once again to a full-length reprise of \"Love Love Me Baby\" with new lyrics by Willie Reale."
}
] |
Dreamgirls' is a musical.
| 4 | 5 |
Dreamgirls
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty."
}
] |
w4GoYLSWkg9CQ1qSJj17
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ming dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by Han Chinese."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding | Revolt and rebel rivalry",
"text": "The Mongol-led Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) ruled before the establishment of the Ming dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Economic breakdown and natural disasters",
"text": "In 1639 the new Tokugawa regime of Japan shut down most of its foreign trade with European powers, cutting off another source of silver coming into China."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rise of the Manchu",
"text": "Shortly after, the Koreans renounced their long-held loyalty to the Ming dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "In 1912, after the overthrow of the Qing dynasty in the Xinhai Revolution, some advocated that a Han Chinese be installed as Emperor, either the descendant of Confucius, who was the Duke Yansheng, or the Ming dynasty Imperial family descendant, the Marquis of Extended Grace."
},
{
"section_header": "Society and culture | Literature and arts",
"text": "In The Ceramic Trade in Asia, Chuimei Ho estimates that about 16% of late Ming era Chinese ceramic exports were sent to Europe, while the rest were destined for Japan and South East Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rise of the Manchu",
"text": "Recognizing the weakness of Ming authority north of their border, he united all of the adjacent northern tribes and consolidated power in the region surrounding his homeland as the Jurchen Jin dynasty had done previously."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "In 1725 the Qing Yongzheng Emperor bestowed the hereditary title of Marquis on a descendant of the Ming dynasty Imperial family, Zhu Zhilian (朱之璉), who received a salary from the Qing government and whose duty was to perform rituals at the Ming tombs."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding | South-Western frontier",
"text": "In Qinghai, the Salar Muslims voluntarily came under Ming rule, their clan leaders capitulating around 1370."
}
] |
The Ming Dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Japan from 1322 to 1624.
| 0 | 3 |
Ming Dynasty
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "In culture | Religion and folklore",
"text": "Classical writers such as Lucan and Pliny the Elder claimed that the eagle was able to look directly at the sun, and that they forced their fledglings to do the same."
},
{
"section_header": "In culture | Religion and folklore",
"text": "This belief persisted until the Medieval era."
}
] |
w4z5uW4HjqyIVtzERr7l
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The parents take no action to stop the killing."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Eagles' eyes are extremely powerful."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It is estimated that the martial eagle, whose eye is more than twice as long as a human eye, has a visual acuity 3.0 to 3.6 times that of humans."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "These eagles often target various arboreal or ground-dwelling mammals and birds, which are often unsuspectingly ambushed in such dense, knotty environments."
},
{
"section_header": "In culture | Religion and folklore",
"text": "Classical writers such as Lucan and Pliny the Elder claimed that the eagle was able to look directly at the sun, and that they forced their fledglings to do the same."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The bald eagle is noted for having flown with the heaviest load verified to be carried by any flying bird, since one eagle flew with a 6.8 kg (15 lb) mule deer fawn."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Authors on birds David Allen Sibley, Pete Dunne, and Clay Sutton described the behavioral difference between hunting eagles and other birds of prey thus (in this case the bald and golden eagles as compared to other North American raptors): They have at least one singular characteristic."
},
{
"section_header": "Groups | Harpy eagles",
"text": "Harpy eagles or \"giant forest eagles\" are large eagles that inhabit tropical forests."
},
{
"section_header": "Groups | Harpy eagles",
"text": "Philippines. Philippines. Solitary eagles Chaco eagle or crowned solitary eagle, Buteogallus (formerly Harpyhaliaetus"
},
{
"section_header": "Groups | Booted eagles",
"text": "Booted eagles or \"true eagles\" have feathered tarsi (lower legs)."
},
{
"section_header": "In culture | Religion and folklore",
"text": "This belief persisted until the Medieval era."
}
] |
There is a Myth in Russia that Eagles stare straight into the sunlight, and make their children do the same, and if the baby shut its eyes, the parent would smash it on the ground.
| 0 | 0 |
Eagles
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Who are an English rock band formed in London in 1964."
}
] |
w6En64V5O0SSNt9uTlKp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Tommy, Woodstock and Live at Leeds",
"text": "While He's Away\" at The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus television special."
},
{
"section_header": "Band members | Current members",
"text": "Roger Daltrey – lead and backing vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica, percussion ("
},
{
"section_header": "Band members | Former touring musicians",
"text": "1996–present) Simon Townshend – guitar, backing vocals (1996–1997, 2002–present) Loren Gold – keyboards, backing vocals (2012–present) Jon Button – bass guitar (2017–present) John Entwistle – bass guitar, horns, backing and lead vocals (1964–1983, 1985, 1989, 1996–2002; died 2002) Doug Sandom – drums (1964; died 2019) Keith Moon – drums, backing and lead vocals (1964–1978; died 1978) Kenney Jones – drums (1978–1983, 1985, 1988, 2014) For a complete list, see former touring members"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Quadrophenia, Tommy film and The Who by Numbers",
"text": "The film featured a star-studded cast, including the band members."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | A Quick One and The Who Sell Out",
"text": "The band found they needed to fill an extra ten minutes, and Lambert encouraged Townshend to write a longer piece, \"A Quick One, While He's Away\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Who are an English rock band formed in London in 1964."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | A Quick One and The Who Sell Out",
"text": "The suite of song fragments is about a girl who has an affair while her lover is away, but is ultimately forgiven."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Who Are You and Moon's death",
"text": "After leaving, he passed out in a doorway, where a policeman said he would not be arrested if he could stand and walk."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Who Are You and Moon's death",
"text": "He passed out the following morning and was discovered dead later that day."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1978–1983",
"text": "The article, by Jay Cocks, said the band had outpaced, outlasted, outlived and outclassed all of their rock band contemporaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after."
}
] |
The Who are a rock band that had a member pass away.
| 0 | 0 |
The Who
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array (see irregular matrix) of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns."
}
] |
w6QvZflArgO6NHNBXKHy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Definition",
"text": "The numbers, symbols, or expressions in the matrix are called its entries or its elements."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array (see irregular matrix) of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns."
},
{
"section_header": "Notation",
"text": "The specifics of symbolic matrix notation vary widely, with some prevailing trends."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Probability theory and statistics",
"text": "Stochastic matrices are square matrices whose rows are probability vectors, that is, whose entries are non-negative and sum up to one."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For conveniently expressing an element of the results of matrix operations the indices of the element are often attached to the parenthesized or bracketed matrix expression; e.g., (AB)i,j refers to an element of a matrix product."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Number-theoretical problems led Gauss to relate coefficients of quadratic forms, that is, expressions such as x2 + xy − 2y2, and linear maps in three dimensions to matrices."
},
{
"section_header": "Basic operations | Matrix multiplication",
"text": "Multiplication of two matrices is defined if and only if the number of columns of the left matrix is the same as the number of rows of the right matrix."
},
{
"section_header": "Square matrix",
"text": "A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns."
},
{
"section_header": "Square matrix | Main operations | Determinant",
"text": "A is a number encoding certain properties of the matrix."
},
{
"section_header": "Square matrix | Main operations | Determinant",
"text": "Finally, the Laplace expansion expresses the determinant in terms of minors, that is, determinants of smaller matrices."
}
] |
The matrix is made up of numbers, symbols, or expressions.
| 0 | 0 |
Matrix (mathematics)
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Manilow officially came out in April 2017, telling People that he had kept his sexual orientation quiet out of concern that it would disappoint his largely female fan base."
}
] |
w77I2mnH9mrs2nRZ4Ikr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They kept the relationship and his sexual orientation secret until the marriage made headlines in 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "The decade ended with Manilow recording a tribute to Frank Sinatra Manilow Sings Sinatra (1998) released months after Sinatra's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s",
"text": "\"Keep Each Other Warm\", and \"Keep Each Other Warm\", and \"The One That Got Away\", ended Manilow's streak of albums of original self-written material (he only wrote or arranged two of the album's songs) and began a phase of his recording career consisting of covers and compilations."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "However, when his fans learned of the marriage, they were supportive."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\" In 1966, Deixler had the marriage annulled."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "Four more took place in December, half in the NY tri-state area in Uniondale and East Rutherford, and two in Cleveland, Ohio, and Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The two married in 2014, after same-sex marriage became legal in California."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Manilow stated in 2017 that, despite his later long-term relationship with a man, he was in love with Deixler and the failure of his marriage was not related to issues of sexual orientation."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "The Barry Manilow Special 1977 Special Tony Award – Barry Manilow on Broadway"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He walked out on the woman he considered \"the perfect wife\" after just one year of marriage in pursuit of a \"wondrous musical adventure\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Manilow officially came out in April 2017, telling People that he had kept his sexual orientation quiet out of concern that it would disappoint his largely female fan base."
}
] |
Barry Manilow tried to keep his marriage a secret because of death threats.
| 0 | 3 |
Barry Manilow
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Shopify was founded in 2004 by Tobias Lütke, Daniel Weinand, and Scott Lake after attempting to open Snowdevil, an online store for snowboarding equipment."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The company reported that it had more than 1,000,000 businesses in approximately 175 countries using its platform as of June 2019, with total gross merchandise volume exceeding US$41.1 billion for calendar 2018."
}
] |
w7KrRoOHxVjfKwYG75Od
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "\"I still think they are best in class\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Its Series B round raised $15 million in October 2011.In February 2012, Shopify acquired Select Start Studios Inc (\"S3\"), a mobile software developer, along with 20 of the company's mobile engineers and designers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shopify Inc. is a Canadian multinational e-commerce company headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On March 11, 2020, Shopify announced it is going fully remote, over 5000 employees will start working from home, in response to rapid spread of Coronavirus disease 2019.On April 28, 2020, Shopify announced the launch in the US of the Shop app for Android (operating system) and iOS that enables shoppers to browse and purchase products online from stores using Shopify."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Shopify was founded in 2004 by Tobias Lütke, Daniel Weinand, and Scott Lake after attempting to open Snowdevil, an online store for snowboarding equipment."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2010, Shopify started its Build-A-Business competition, in which participants create a business using its commerce platform."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Shopify went public on May 21, 2015, and in its debut on the New York Stock Exchange, started trading at $28, more than 60% higher than its US$17 offering price, with its IPO raising more than $131 million."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In April 2019, Shopify announced an integration with Snapchat to allow Shopify merchants to buy and manage Snapchat Story ads directly on the Shopify platform."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The suite of products offered are Shopify Balance Account, Shopify Balance Card and Rewards."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On May 11, 2017, Shopify acquired Oberlo, which was one of the star applications on its own Shopify App Store."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The company reported that it had more than 1,000,000 businesses in approximately 175 countries using its platform as of June 2019, with total gross merchandise volume exceeding US$41.1 billion for calendar 2018."
}
] |
Shopify Inc. started in 2004 and still operates today.
| 0 | 0 |
Shopify
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Javan rhinoceros",
"text": "The Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is one of the most endangered large mammals in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The IUCN Red List identifies the Black, Javan, and Sumatran rhinoceros as critically endangered."
}
] |
w7OAHe2f0IFY4rssNV0c
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Horn trade and use",
"text": "International trade in rhinoceros horn has been declared illegal by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) since 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Javan rhinoceros",
"text": "The Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is one of the most endangered large mammals in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The IUCN Red List identifies the Black, Javan, and Sumatran rhinoceros as critically endangered."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | White rhinoceros",
"text": "However, the northern subspecies is critically endangered, with all that is known to remain being two captive females."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Javan rhinoceros",
"text": "It is also the least known rhino species."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Rhinocerotidae",
"text": "Alongside the extant species, four additional species of rhinoceros survived into the Last Glacial Period: the woolly rhinoceros, Elasmotherium sibiricum and two species of Stephanorhinus, Merck's rhinoceros and the Narrow-nosed rhinoceros."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Sumatran rhinoceros",
"text": "The Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is the smallest extant rhinoceros species, as well as the one with the most hair."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Black rhinoceros",
"text": "The name \"black rhinoceros\" (Diceros bicornis) was chosen to distinguish this species from the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Black rhinoceros",
"text": "This can be confusing, as the two species are not truly distinguishable by color."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Sumatran rhinoceros",
"text": "It has been found through DNA comparison that the Sumatran rhinoceros is the most ancient extant rhinoceros and related to the extinct Eurasian woolly rhino species, Coelodonta."
}
] |
Some species of rhinoceros are endangered.
| 0 | 0 |
Rhinoceros
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Cremona 1567–1591",
"text": "Monteverdi was baptised in the church of SS Nazaro e Celso, Cremona, on 15 May 1567."
}
] |
w7kZ2rPgIFrIHrqbhlTe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Background: Italy in the time of Monteverdi",
"text": "And in the case of Cremona, part of the Duchy of Milan, it fell under the control of the Spanish Empire, in 1559."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Background: Italy in the time of Monteverdi",
"text": "Monteverdi is usually described as an \"Italian\" composer, even though in his lifetime the concept of \"Italy\" existed only as a geographical entity."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Cremona 1567–1591",
"text": "Monteverdi was baptised in the church of SS Nazaro e Celso, Cremona, on 15 May 1567."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Cremona 1567–1591",
"text": "The register records his name as \"Claudio Zuan Antonio\" the son of \"Messer Baldasar Mondeverdo\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Background: Italy in the time of Monteverdi",
"text": "Although the inhabitants of the peninsula shared much in common in terms of history, culture and language, in political terms the people experienced various layers of authority and jurisdiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Background: Italy in the time of Monteverdi",
"text": "In the first instance they were subject to the local rulers of their city-states, powerful families such as the Gonzagas (rulers of the Duchy of Mantua)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Venice 1613–1643 | Maturity: 1613–1630",
"text": "It was directed by the most famous Claudio Monteverdi ... who was also the composer and was accompanied by four theorbos, two cornettos, two bassoons, one basso de viola of huge size, organs and other instruments ...\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (, also US: ; Italian: [ˈklaudjo monteˈverdi] (listen); baptized 15 May 1567 – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, string player, choirmaster, and priest."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical perspective",
"text": "Interest in Monteverdi revived in the late 18th and early 19th centuries among music scholars in Germany and Italy, although he was still regarded as essentially a historical curiosity."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Cremona 1567–1591",
"text": "The first book of madrigals (Venice, 1587) was dedicated to Count Marco Verità of Verona; the second book of madrigals (Venice, 1590) was dedicated to the President of the Senate of Milan, Giacomo Ricardi, for whom he had played the viola da braccio in 1587."
}
] |
Claudio Monteverdi has was baptised in Milan, Italy.
| 0 | 0 |
Claudio Monteverdi
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Authorship",
"text": "Complicating the accusations of Marlowe's antisemitism, there has been significant scholarly dissension about the authorial nature of the text of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Authorship",
"text": "In particular, observers believe the third, fourth and fifth acts to be written, at least partially, by someone else."
}
] |
w8dUxmR1s0a4nuuDowSd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jew of Malta (full title: The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Jew of Malta) is a play by Christopher Marlowe, written in 1589 or 1590."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "A Marxist critique of The Jew of Malta suggests that Marlowe intended to utilize readily available antisemitic feelings in his audience in a way that made the Jews \"incidental\" to the social critique he offered."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | The Merchant of Venice",
"text": "While critics debate whether or not The Jew of Malta was a direct influence, or merely a product of the contemporaneous society that they both were written in, it is noteworthy that Marlowe and Shakespeare were the only two British playwrights of their time to include a Jewish principal character in one of their plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "Some of the conversation around antisemitism in The Jew of Malta focuses on authorial intent, the question of whether or not Marlowe intended to promote antisemitism in his work, while other critics focus on how the work is perceived, either by its audience at the time or by modern audiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "In this, Marlowe failed, instead producing a work that is, because of its failure to \"discredit\" the sentiments it toys with, a propagator of antisemitism."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "Another viewpoint suggests that those who claim to see antisemitism in Marlowe's work often do so more because of what they think they know about the period in which they were written rather than what the texts themselves present."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism | Antisemitism in The Jew of Malta",
"text": "The Jew of Malta, given the time of its publication, its main character, and the significance of religion throughout the text, is often referenced in discussions about antisemitism."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | History of Elizabethan antisemitism",
"text": "Lacking actual interaction with Jewish people, English authors often resorted to dressing, voicing, and animating Jewish characters in fictive ways that may have exaggerated their differences in a pejorative, antisemitic manner."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Authorship",
"text": "This edition contains prologues and epilogues written by Heywood for a revival in that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Authorship",
"text": "In particular, observers believe the third, fourth and fifth acts to be written, at least partially, by someone else."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion | Authorship",
"text": "Complicating the accusations of Marlowe's antisemitism, there has been significant scholarly dissension about the authorial nature of the text of the play."
}
] |
Some people doubt that The Jew of Malta was written by Christopher Marlowe.
| 0 | 0 |
The Jew of Malta
|
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